This invention relates to shaving instruments, and particularly to improvements in which a single-edged metal blade, or plural, single-edged metal blades, supplied by themselves, i.e., not as parts of cartridges including additional blade-supporting components, can be replaced quickly and easily.
Safety razors having replaceable metal blades have been in use for many years. The typical older version of the safety razor comprises a handle fixed to a head having a blade-retaining structure that receives a double-edged blade and allows for release and replacement of the blade.
More recently, razors comprising handles with replaceable shaving heads have come into popular use. The replaceable head, usually referred to as a “cartridge,” typically includes one or more single-edged blades fixed in a supporting structure that is attachable to, and removable from, a handle. A shaving kit, as sold, usually includes a handle along with several replaceable cartridges. When the cartridges supplied with the handle are used up, replacement cartridges, usually sold in kits comprising five or more cartridges, can be purchased and used with the original handle. The replacement cartridges tend to be relatively expensive compared to the double edged blades used with the earlier safety razors. Some mechanisms for connecting a cartridge to a handle have a tendency to fail after a relatively short time, making replacement of cartridges difficult or impossible. Moreover, problems will be encountered in attempts to make razors that utilize single-edged blades supplied by themselves rather than as components of cartridges. These problems are due primarily to difficulties in supporting a single edge blade in a shaving head in such a way that the blade does not move relative to the shaving head. If such movements occur, for example, as a result of pressure applied to the cutting edge of the blade during shaving, or as a result of inertia when the razor is placed on a supporting surface, a blade thus displaced can cause difficulties in shaving and also injury.
An object of this invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive shaving instrument that utilizes one or more single-edged blades supplied as such, i.e., without being embedded in a replaceable shaving cartridge. Another object is to support the blade reliably in a predetermined position in the shaving instrument. Still another object is to provide a shaving instrument in which blade replacement can be carried out quickly and easily.
A preferred shaving instrument in accordance with the invention comprises a handle, a head attached to the handle, a blade clamp removably receivable in the head, and at least one blade removably receivable in the blade clamp.
The head has two ends, and extends from one end to the other in a direction transverse to the direction in which the handle extends. The head is formed with a slot having an elongated opening extending along the direction transverse to the handle, and an end opening at least at one of its ends. The end opening is continuous with the elongated opening.
The blade clamp, which is molded from a polymeric material, is removably receivable in the slot of the head though the end opening. The blade clamp has first and second parts, hinged together at a hinge axis, and rotatable toward and away from each other about the hinge axis.
The blade is a planar metal blade having a blade-surrounding edge which includes a sharpened cutting edge. The blade is receivable between the first and second parts of the blade clamp, with its sharpened cutting edge protruding from the blade clamp.
The blade clamp includes opposable clamping portions. The clamping portions are engageable respectively with portions of the blade on opposite sides thereof adjacent the cutting edge when the first and second parts of the blade clamp are moved toward each other about the hinge axis.
The blade clamp also includes at least one protrusion on one of its clamping portions. This protrusion is adapted to engage a part of the surrounding edge of the blade in order to prevent movement of the blade relative to the blade clamp in at least one direction parallel to the plane of the blade when the opposable clamping portions are engaged with the portions of the blade adjacent its cutting edge.
The shape of the slot formed in the head of the shaving instrument is such that, when the blade clamp, with a blade received therein, is inserted into the slot, the engagement of the exterior of the blade clamp with the interior of the slot in the head prevents movement of the blade clamp in all directions other than in the direction in which the elongated opening of the slot extends.
The position of the protrusion is such that, when the blade is in engagement with the protrusion, and the blade clamp, with the blade positioned therein, is received in the slot, portions of the head press the opposable clamping portions of the blade clamp against the blade, and the cutting edge of the blade protrudes outward from the blade clamp and outward from the elongated opening of the slot.
At least in the single blade versions of the shaving instrument according to the invention, the hinge axis of the blade clamp is preferably, although not necessarily, positioned so that the blade is receivable between the first and second parts of the blade clamp with its sharpened cutting edge parallel to, but remote from, the location of the hinge axis. That is, the cutting edge of the blade is remote from the hinge axis but the edge of the blade opposite from the cutting edge is closer to the hinge axis.
The blade clamp can be provided with additional protrusions that extend from at least one of the opposable clamping portions into the space between the clamping portions. These additional protrusions engage parts of the edge of the blade at locations such that they prevent movement of the blade outward from the blade clamp. The parts of the blade-surrounding edge which these protrusions are adapted to engage are in the form of notches formed in the blade-surrounding edge. These notches are preferably located adjacent opposite ends of the sharpened cutting edge.
The blade clamp can be composed of plural elements removably connected to one another. However, the blade clamp is preferably a unitary molded part that includes the hinge and the blade-engaging clamping parts. In the case of a blade clamp adapted to accommodate two or more blades, the blade clamp can consist of upper and lower clamping parts and one or more intermediate clamping parts, connected by integrally molded hinges.
The hinge axis of the hinge that connects two clamping parts can be positioned so that a blade is receivable between those parts with its cutting edge perpendicular to, rather than parallel to, the hinge axis. Especially in the case of a blade clamp adapted to accommodate two or more blades with parallel cutting edges, the hinge axis of the hinge that connects two of the clamping parts can be positioned so that the blade is receivable between those parts parts of with its cutting edge perpendicular to the hinge axis. The axis of a hinge that connects clamping parts that receive another one of the blades can be parallel to the cutting edges of the blades.
The blade clamp has opposite ends spaced from each other along the direction of the cutting edge of the blade when the blade is in the blade clamp. Preferably, the blade clamp and includes an enlarged external portion at one of these opposite ends, the enlarged external portion being engageable with a portion of the head of the shaving instrument adjacent an end opening of the slot in the head. The engagement of the enlarged portion of the blade clamp with the head limits movement of the blade clamp into the slot.
In a version of the shaving instrument having first, second and third clamping portions and adapted to accommodate a first blade between the first and second clamping portions and a second blade between the second at third clamping portions, at least one of the second and third parts of the blade clamp preferably includes at least one protrusion adapted to engage a part of the blade-surrounding edge of the second blade and to prevent movement of the second blade relative to the blade clamp in at least one directions parallel to the plane of the second blade when the clamping portions of the second and third parts of the blade clamp are engaged with portions of the second metal blade adjacent the cutting edge thereof. The part of the blade-surrounding edge of the second blade which the at least one protrusion is adapted to engage is preferably in the form of a notch formed in the blade-surrounding edge of the second blade.
In a version of the blade clamp adapted to accommodate two or more blades, the parts of the blade clamp can be hinged to one another in an accordion-like manner. That is, second and third parts of the blade clamp can be hinged to each other at a hinge axis parallel to a hinge axis at which the first and second parts of the blade clamp are hinged to each other.
In an alternative version of the shaving instrument adapted to accommodate two or more blades, second and third parts of the blade clamp are hinged to each other at a hinge axis extending a direction perpendicular to an imaginary plane in which the hinge axis at which the first and second parts of the blade clamp are hinged to each other is located.
A blade clamp 34 is slidable into slot 28 through the opening at end 24 and shaped so that it conforms to the interior wall of the slot 28 and, when inserted, is prevented from movement in directions other than along the direction of its insertion. In the embodiment shown in
The blade clamp is formed with an enlargement 36 at one of its ends for engagement with end 24 of the head when the blade clamp is fully inserted. This engagement prevents further movement of the blade clamp in the direction of insertion. Frictional engagement of the exterior of the blade clamp 34 with the interior wall of the slot 28 resists movement of the blade clamp in the direction opposite to the direction of its insertion, but allows removal of the blade clamp by the exertion of a pulling force when enlargement 36 is grasped manually.
The blade clamp 34 is configured to receive and hold a metal blade 38 in such a way that a cutting edge 40 of the blade is exposed, extending outward from the blade clamp and through the elongated opening 30 of slot 28. As seen in
The blade clamp 34 of
As shown in
As shown in
In the second embodiment of the invention, shown in
First, as shown in
The second feature by which the blade clamp 56 differs from the blade clamp of the first embodiment is the bridge 72 formed on the lower part of the blade clamp 56, as shown in
The third embodiment, shown in
As shown in
In the three-blade version of the shaving instrument, as shown in
A second clamp part 124, hinged to the lower part 116 by a thin connecting part 126, is then folded over so that it is positioned on top of blade 114, as shown in
A third clamp part 136, hinged to the rear edge of part 116 by an elongated narrow connecting part 138, is then folded over so that it is positioned on top of blade 128. A third blade 140 is then placed on top of clamp part 136 as shown in
As shown in
Another version of a two-blade blade clamp is shown in
The bottom layer 160 is hinged to a second layer 162 by a connecting element 168 along the rear edges of layers 160 and 162. The second layer 162 is hinged to the third layer 164 by a connecting element 170 extending along the front edges of layers 162 and 164. Third layer 164 is hinged to the fourth later 166 by a connecting element 172 extending along the rear edges of layers 164 and 166. This blade clamp can be expanded and contracted in an accordion-like manner. When this blade clamp is in the expanded condition, as shown in
The embodiment shown in
The shaving instruments in accordance with the invention have a number of advantages over prior shaving instruments. One advantage, which applies to all of the embodiments described above, is that the instruments utilize single-edged blades, which are supplied without being permanently incorporated into cartridges. When the cutting edges of the blades become dull through wear, only the metal blades need to be replaced. The blade clamps can be reused, and only need to be replaced when worn or damaged.
Another advantage of the invention results from the use of blade clamps with clamping portions that are in the form of integrally molded units having plural clamping parts that are hinged together so that they can be readily opened and closed to facilitate blade replacement.
Still another advantage of the invention results from the use of protrusions which are integral parts of the blade clamps, and which engage blades in such a way as to limit, or prevent, sliding movement of the blades relative to the blade clamps.
Modifications of various kinds can be made to the instruments described herein. For example, blade clamps that accommodate four or more blades can be made using additional clamping layers that are integrally hinged to clamping adjacent layers. The sizes, shapes and other characteristics of the blade clamps, the blades, and the clamp-receiving heads can also be modified without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.