Sheet-fed offset printing press and method of two-sided multi-color printing

Abstract

A sheet-fed offset printing press prints multiple colors on both sides of sheets, preferably on sheets of paper. A first row of in-line printing units print a first side of the sheet, before the sheets are turned in a reversing device, which is followed by a second row of in-line printing units for printing the other side of the sheets. The second row of in-line printing units is followed by one or more varnishing units that are arranged in such a way or include varnishing blanket cylinders that are arranged in such a way that the front sides and the back sides of the passing sheets are varnished.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING

FIG. 1A shows a diagrammatic representation of the straight-printing portion in an in-line sheet-fed offset printing press;

FIG. 1B shows a diagrammatic representation of the perfecting portion in an in-line sheet-fed offset printing press;

FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the perfecting portion of the printing press as shown in FIG. 1B;

FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the perfecting portion of the printing press as shown in FIG. 1B;

FIG. 4 shows the end of the press following the last printing unit of a fourth exemplary embodiment of the perfecting portion of the printing press as shown in FIG. 1B;

FIG. 5 shows the end of the press following the last printing unit of a fifth exemplary embodiment of the perfecting portion of the printing press as shown in FIG. 1B;

FIG. 6 shows the end of the press following the last printing unit of a sixth exemplary embodiment of the perfecting portion of the printing press as shown in FIG. 1B;

FIG. 7 shows the end of the press following the last printing unit of a seventh exemplary embodiment of the perfecting portion of the printing press as shown in FIG. 1B; and

FIG. 8 shows the end of the press following the last printing unit of an eighth exemplary embodiment of the perfecting portion of the printing press as shown in FIG. 1B.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Referring now to the figures of the drawing in detail, FIG. 1A shows an offset printing press 1 of in-line construction, including a feeder 2 that holds a pile 3 of unprinted paper and four printing units 7a to 7d for four process colors. The four printing units 7a to 7d form the straight-printing portion of the press 1, i.e. the portion that prints the first side of the sheets. The fourth printing unit 7d is followed by a reversing device 4 that operates in accordance with the three-drum reversing principle. The reversing device 4 consists of a feed drum 4a, a storage drum 4b, and a reversing drum 4c. The drum 4c is supported in the side frames 18a of a first perfecting unit 8a following the reversing device 4. The reversed sheet is transferred to an impression cylinder 108a of the first perfecting unit 8a. The second portion of the press is shown in FIG. 1B. The four perfecting units 8a to 8d are followed by a varnishing unit 9a of the chambered doctor-blade type, i.e. the varnishing unit 9a includes a screen cell roller 19a and a chambered doctor blade 20a containing aqueous dispersion varnish. Reference numeral 22a designates what is referred to as a “screen roller star”, which includes three further screen rollers with cells of different sizes. These three further screen rollers can be exchanged for the screen roller 19a to determine the amount of varnish to be applied. The varnish applicator cylinder 17a of the varnishing unit 9a coats the entire surface of the second side of the sheet with an aqueous dispersion varnish.

The varnishing unit 9a is followed by a drying tower 10a. In this drying tower, the second side of the passing sheet is dried in the region of the cylinder 110a by hot air and IR light.

Downstream of the drying tower 10a, as viewed in the direction of sheet travel, there is disposed a second varnishing unit 9b of the same type as the varnishing unit 9a and of substantially identical construction with the first varnishing unit 9a in terms of the screen roller 19b, varnish applicator cylinder 17b, and chambered doctor blade 20b. However, the varnish applicator cylinder 17b contacts the sheet transport drum 109b, embodied as a varnish impression cylinder, from below the path of sheet travel. The varnishing unit 9b is used likewise to coat the entire surface of the first side of the sheet with an aqueous dispersion varnish.

The varnishing unit 9b is followed by a second dryer 10b, which dries the varnished first side of the sheets with IR light and/or hot air. This dryer 10b includes an IR light emitter 113, which is arranged inside the sheet transport drum 120 and is consequently located below the path of sheet travel, just as the varnishing unit 9b.

The dryer 10b is followed by the delivery 5 of the printing press. The delivery 5 includes revolving gripper bars driven by a chain conveyor 15. These gripper bars 16 take over the sheets that have been varnished on both sides and guide them through dryer sections 11a-h, where both sides of the sheets are again dried by IR light and/or hot air to harden the dispersion varnish. The sheets, which been varnished and dried on both sides in this way, are then deposited on a sheet pile 6 in the delivery 5.

While the sheets are transported through the printing units 7a to 7d and 8a to 8d, the printed sheets do not get into contact with varnish. The surfaces of the sheet-guiding impression cylinders 108a-d in the printing units 8a-d and the guide plates of the transfer devices arranged between the printing units 8a-d may thus be coated with ink-repellent layers that are adapted to or optimized in terms of the properties of the oil-based offset inks. The viscous dispersion varnish that causes soiling is not introduced until the end of the press, when the process of printing with offset printing ink is completed. Thus compared to configurations wherein the varnishing unit is located upstream of the first reversing device 4, the useful life of the cylinder jackets and the intervals between cleaning operations can be increased considerably.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the part following the last printing unit 8d of the printing press described above with reference to FIGS. 1a and 1b has been modified. Now the drying tower 10a of FIG. 1B has been eliminated, which means that the sheet exiting the varnishing unit 9a is directly fed to the second varnishing unit 9b. Downstream of the second varnishing unit 9b, wherein the first side is varnished, a dryer 110b is provided. This dryer includes a first IR dryer 112 arranged above the sheet transport drum 111 and a second IR dryer 113 arranged to be stationary inside the drum 111, which is built in frame construction. Then the sheet, which has been varnished on both sides, passes four dryer modules 11a-h in the chain delivery 5. In the dryer modules 11a-h, the sheet is dried on both sides, i.e. from above and from below by IR light and hot air. For this purpose, dryers 21e to h, which are integrated into the sheet guiding system of the delivery 5, may be used, as described in the above-mentioned published German patent application DE 10 2005 042 956 A1.

As one transfer device and the separate drying tower downstream of the first varnishing unit 9a are dispensed with, the press is shorter and requires less floor space than the press described with reference to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1B.

The exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3 comprises a varnishing unit 29a disposed downstream of the last printing unit 8d of the perfecting portion of the printing press 1. This varnishing unit differs from the varnishing unit 9a of FIGS. 1B and 2 inasmuch as the screen roller 19a, the chambered doctor blade 20a, and the varnish applicator roller 17a are combined to form an exchangeable and removable unit 18a, which is additionally arranged in the varnishing unit 29a to be adjustable in height, as indicated by the arrow, for the purpose of engaging the unit with the varnish impression cylinder 109a.

As described above with reference to FIG. 1, the varnishing unit 29a is followed by a drying tower 10a, wherein the sheets, which have been varnished on the second side, are dried by hot air and/or IR light before the sheet is transferred to the impression cylinder of the varnishing unit 29b by the transport cylinder 110.

Like the varnishing unit 29a, the varnishing unit 29b comprises a removable and exchangeable unit 18b that includes the varnish applicator roller 17b, the screen roller 19b, and the chambered doctor blade 20b. However, the unit 18b is mirror-inverted relative to the unit 18a and is engaged with the impression cylinder 109b below the path of sheet travel to varnish the first side of the passing sheets.

The varnishing unit 29b is followed by a transfer device and a second dryer 10b. Under the sheet-guiding drum 125 of the second dryer 10b, an IR light source 126 and a hot-air box 127 are provided to dry the first side of the sheet before the sheet is fed to a further sheet transport drum 128. The axis of the sheet transport drum 128 is arranged considerably above the axis of the transport cylinder 125. The connecting line of the two axes of these cylinders forms an angle α>30° with the horizontal. Thus the transported sheets are conveyed upward to the level of the gripper bars 116 revolving horizontally on the guide chains 115, which may consequently be of relatively simple and cost-efficient structure because they need not be deflected from an inclined guide region to a horizontal guide region.

An examination camera 141 and a powdering device 142 are arranged above the side of the transport drum 128 on which the transported sheets lie. As the sheets lie on the transporting cylinder 128 in a defined position, the sheet surface can be easily examined by the camera 141 because the focusing distance is constant and is not affected by fluttering movements of the sheet to be examined. In addition, the powder emitted by the powdering device 142 can hit the sheet, which rests on the cylinder 128, at a high speed without the danger of smearing because the sheet, which has been dried in the dryer 10a on the second side, rests on the surface of the cylinder 128, which is ink and varnish repellent, without relative movement.

In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4 the last perfecting unit 8d is followed by a varnishing unit 209 wherein the sheets exiting the printing unit 8d are transferred to a double-diameter varnishing blanket cylinder 208 by a transfer device 207. This double-diameter varnishing blanket cylinder 208 carries gripper bars 218a and 218b countersunk below the radius of the varnishing blanket surface. The grippers, which are attached to the gripper bars, only protrude beyond the radius of the varnishing blanket surface to open and grip the leading edge of the sheets. As they close, they retract below this radius.

The entire surface of the second side of the sheet transported by the varnishing blanket cylinder 208 is varnished by a second varnishing blanket cylinder 218. The dispersion varnish, for example, is supplied to the varnish applicator roller 218 by a screen roller 219a with a chambered doctor blade. At the same time, the varnishing blankets fastened to the first varnishing blanket cylinder 208 by non-illustrated fixing devices are provided with a layer of varnish by a second screen roller 219b in connection with a chambered doctor blade 220b. The sheets held by the grippers 218a and 218b, respectively, and conveyed through the printing or rather varnishing nip 221 are then deposited on the layer of varnish.

Once the sheets have passed the varnishing nip 221 and have thus been varnished on both sides, they are taken over by a transfer device 217, which peels the sheets off the varnishing blankets on the cylinder 208 and transfers them to a dryer 210. The latter is constructed like the dryer 110b of FIG. 2, i.e. it includes one dryer unit 212 outside the transport drum 211 and one dryer unit 213 inside the transport drum 211, so that the two sides of the sheets, which have been varnished simultaneously, can be dried simultaneously before the sheets are transferred to the gripper bars of the chain conveyor 215 in the delivery 205. In the delivery 205 itself there are two further dryer modules 21a and 21b, which, in a manner similar to that of the dryer modules 11a-h in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2, complete the drying process of the sheets before the latter are deposited on the pile 206.

The exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5 differs from that of FIG. 4 in that the last printing unit 8d of the perfecting portion of the printing press 1 is directly followed by the delivery 305 with the chain conveyor 315. Thus the sheets exiting the printing unit 8d have yet only been printed with ink when they are taken over by the gripper bars 316 on the revolving chains 307.

On both sides of the plane that is formed by the revolving chain pairs in the delivery, a double varnishing unit 309 consisting of two varnish blanket cylinders 309a and 309b is provided. Each of the varnish blanket cylinders is coated with varnish by a respective associated screen roller 319a and 319b, respectively, in connection with chambered doctor blades 320a and 320b, respectively.

The varnish blanket cylinders 309a and 309b include gaps embodied in such a way that the gripper bars 316 can pass without touching the cylinders 309. For this purpose, the cylinders 309 are synchronized with the drives of the sprocket 317 by non-illustrated gear transmissions.

The sheets, which are passed between the varnishing blankets of the varnish blanket cylinders 309a and 309b by the gripper bars 316 and are thus varnished simultaneously on the front and back sides are then dried on both sides in dryer modules 21a and 21b, respectively, as described with reference to FIG. 4 and to the other exemplary embodiments.

Compared to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4, the result obtained by the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5 is considerably improved in terms of the varnishing operation because the symmetry of the varnish applicator rollers results in the same conditions on both sides of the passing sheets.

The axes of the varnish applicator cylinders 309a and 309b may be supported in such a way that they are separable from each other as indicated by the double arrows. As a result, it is possible to embody the parts carrying the varnishing blanket as exchangeable jackets that can be replaced by jackets of different thickness and outer diameter. The jackets may also be replaced by jackets that have a particularly long gap recess so that it is possible, if desired, to varnish sheets that are held on their leading and trailing edges simultaneously by double gripper bars, that is to say that both the leading edge bar and the trailing edge bar can be accommodated in the gap of the varnishing blanket cylinders even if different formats are processed.

The embodiment of FIG. 6 differs from that of FIG. 5 in that the delivery 405 is equipped with a simple chain conveyor 415 that extends merely in the horizontal direction in a manner similar to that of FIG. 3. Instead of the rising portion of the chain conveyor in FIG. 4, a sheet transport drum 425 is provided that carries three gripper bars 416a, b, and c in frame construction. The sheets exiting the printing unit 8d are transferred to the gripper bars 416 of the drum 425 by a transfer device 407. The drum 425 conveys the sheets to the height of the chain conveyor 415 in the delivery 405 and, in a way similar to that of chain 307 in FIG. 5, through the varnishing nip 422 between the varnishing blanket cylinders 409a and 409b.

The chambered doctor blade 420b and the screen roller 419b of the second varnishing unit are located inside the drum 425, which is easily accessible from the side of the sheet pile 406. In addition, the space between the gripper bars 416 is clear, which means that the varnished sheets can be dried after the varnishing operation by combined IR and hot-air dryers 421a and 421b arranged above and below the path of paper travel.

A container 426 for waste sheets is provided underneath the drum 425. If the opening instant of the grippers on the three gripper bars 416a-c is suitably controlled, it is possible to transfer non-defective sheets to the chain conveyor 415 of the delivery 405, whereas defective sheets are not released until they reach the container 426. In-line examination systems provided in the path of sheet travel downstream of the last printing unit 8d of press 1 are suited for recognizing non-defective and defective sheets.

What has been said with reference to the varnishing blanket cylinders 309 also applies to the varnishing blanket cylinders 409, i.e. as described with reference to FIG. 5, they can be equipped with jackets of different thickness, diameter and gap length.

Two further exemplary embodiments of the invention, which are particularly advantageous, are represented in FIGS. 7 and 8. What they have in common is that the last printing unit 8d of the perfecting portion of the printing press is followed by the varnishing unit 9b, wherein the varnishing blanket cylinder 17b and the screen roller 19b with the chambered doctor blade 20b are arranged below the impression cylinder 109b and thus below the path of sheet travel. In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 7, the impression cylinder 109b of the first varnishing unit, which varnishes the front side, i.e. the first side, of the sheet, is followed by two dryers. Each of these dryers consists of a sheet transport cylinder 111a, 111b, respectively, below which, i.e. also below the path of sheet travel, a respective dryer 112a, 112b is arranged. These dryers may be IR dryers or hot-air dryers. A transfer device 119a is provided between the impression cylinder 109b of the first varnishing unit and the transport cylinder 11a of the first dryer, and a second transfer device 119b is located between the two sheet transport cylinders 111a and 111b of the dryers. The dryers are followed by the second varnishing unit 9a, in which the perfecting or second side of the sheets is varnished. It should be noted that, in this exemplary embodiment, the transport cylinder 111b of the second dryer transfers directly to the impression cylinder 109a of the second, here “upright” varnishing unit.

The second varnishing unit 9a is followed by a delivery, as it has been described with reference to FIG. 1b. However, here, only the perfecting or second side of the sheet needs to be dried by dryer modules 11a to 11d, because the first side has already been dried by dryers 112a and 112b.

Compared to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 8 dispenses with the two transfer devices 119a and 119b as well as the two transport cylinders 111a and 111b. The impression cylinder 109b of the first varnishing unit 9b, which varnishes the front or first side of the sheets “from below”, is directly followed by the impression cylinder 109a of the second, “upright” varnishing unit 9a as viewed in the direction of sheet travel. Here, intermediate level dryers 113 below the path of sheet travel and 112 above the path of sheet travel are provided to dry the sheets before they are transferred to the delivery 5. The two dryers 113 and 112 are arranged directly below and above the impressions cylinders 109b and 109a of the two varnishing units. The varnishing units also include a non-illustrated hot-air or radiation barrier to prevent heat or radiation coming from the dryer 112 or 113 from reaching the varnishing unit and heating up the components of the varnishing unit.

As varnishing is carried out from below directly after the last printing unit 8d, a very compact design can be implemented. The exemplary embodiment in accordance with FIG. 8 in particular minimizes the number of components that are used for varnishing both sides of the sheets. It is not necessary to dry the sheets from inside a rotating drum, so that even as far as the dryer is concerned, components that are already present can be used.

Thus by varnishing the sheets at first “from below” after the last printing unit 8d, advantageous configurations both in terms of the required floor space of the press and in terms of the development work and costs of the machine can be implemented.

Further modifications and variations are possible in addition to the exemplary embodiments of the invention as described above. Depending on the type of varnish that is used, varnishing units including a fountain roller may be used instead of the varnishing units with chambered doctor blade. In addition, it is possible to use additional printing units in the straight-printing and perfecting portions of the press for printing, for example, 2×2 special or spot colors, instead of only four printing units for the four process colors. The gripper bars 316, 416, which hold the leading edges of the sheets in the delivery of the printing press, may be replaced by gripper bar arrangements that hold the sheets on both of their side edges as described, for example in the commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 6,923,119 B1. There, the varnishing blanket cylinders 309a, b and 409a, b, respectively, do not require gaps, and if jackets are used that are applied to the varnishing blanket cylinders 409, these jackets may be seamless and have thin walls.

Claims

1. A sheet-fed offset printing press for double-sided multi-color printing, comprising: a first row of in-line printing units for printing on a first side of a sheet;a downstream reversing device following said first row of in-line printing units in a sheet travel direction;a second row of in-line printing units for printing a second side of the sheet disposed downstream of said reversing device, said second row of in-line printing units including a last printing unit;downstream varnishing units including at least two varnishing units of a common type following said last printing unit and configured to varnish the first side and the second side of the sheet on passing by, wherein one of said varnishing units is disposed below a sheet travel path followed by the sheet; andat least two IR or hot-air dryers, said dryers including at least one dryer disposed below the sheet travel path.

2. The printing press according to claim 1, wherein said varnishing units include varnishing blanket cylinders disposed to varnish the first side and the second side of the passing sheet are varnished, and wherein one of said varnishing blanket cylinders of one of said varnishing units is disposed below the sheet travel path.

3. The printing press according to claim 2, comprising two sheet transport cylinders disposed downstream of said last printing unit in the sheet travel path, with each of said two sheet transport cylinders being associated with its own varnishing unit, and a respective one of said varnishing blanket cylinders of each said varnishing unit being disposed above and below the sheet travel path, respectively.

4. The printing press according to claim 3, wherein at least one of said varnishing units associated with said two transport cylinders is constructed as a removable inserting unit.

5. The printing press according to claim 1, wherein a connecting line of cylinder axes of two successive transport drums of the printing press is inclined at an angle of more than 30° relative to a horizontal.

6. The printing press according to claim 3, which comprises further transport cylinders following said transport cylinders associated with said varnishing units, and wherein said dryer is associated with two of said further transport cylinders.

7. The printing press according to claim 3, wherein said two sheet transport cylinders associated with said varnishing units immediately follow each other.

8. The printing press according to claim 3, which further comprises a dryer unit disposed between said two transport cylinders of said two varnishing units.

9. The printing press according to claim 8, wherein precisely two sheet transport drums or transfer devices are disposed between the impression cylinders of successive said varnishing units.

10. The printing press according to claim 9, which comprises a dryer assigned to at least one of said two sheet transport drums.

11. The printing press according to claim 9, wherein one of said two sheet transport drums is a transfer device.

12. The printing press according to claim 1, wherein at least two of said varnishing units are disposed to define a nip between varnishing blanket cylinders (208, 218; 309a, b, 409a, b) thereof, and wherein sheets to be varnished on both sides are guided through said nip.

13. The printing press according to claim 12, wherein one of said two varnishing blanket cylinders includes grippers for gripping and transporting sheets to be varnished.

14. The printing press according to claim 12, which further comprises gripper bars disposed to convey sheets to be varnished on both sides through the nip between said two varnishing blanket cylinders.

15. The printing press according to claim 14, wherein said gripper bars carry grippers configured to hold the sheets on two side edges thereof.

16. The printing press according to claim 14, wherein said gripper bars carry grippers configured to hold the sheets at leading edges thereof and convey the sheets through said nip between said two varnishing blanket cylinders, and wherein one or both of said varnishing blanket cylinders are formed with an axial gap into which said grippers or said gripper bars dip.

17. The printing press according to claim 14, wherein said gripper bars are pairs of gripper bars carrying grippers for holding the sheets conveyed through said nip between said varnishing blanket cylinders at leading and trailing edges thereof.

18. The printing press according to claim 14, which further comprises a multiple-diameter transport drum having a diameter being a multiple of a diameter of a form cylinder of said printing units, said gripper bars forming a part of said drum and said drum being open in a region of a sheet surface and containing a varnishing unit inside said drum.

19. The printing press according to claim 18, which further comprises a waste sheet container associated with said multiple-diameter transport drum.

20. The printing press according to claim 18, which further comprises a dryer device associated with said multiple-diameter transport drum.

21. The printing press according to claim 20, wherein said dryer device associated with said multiple-diameter transport drum is partly disposed inside said drum and partly disposed outside said drum.

22. The printing press according to claim 2, which comprises varnishing blankets on said varnishing cylinders, said varnishing blankets comprising tubular sleeves or blankets applied on tubular sleeves.

23. The printing press according to claim 22, wherein a spacing between said two varnishing blanket cylinders is adjustable to accommodate sleeves of different thickness.

24. The printing press according to claim 1, wherein said dryer devices are IR or hot-air dryer devices disposed downstream of a last varnishing unit in the sheet travel direction for drying both sides of the sheets after varnishing on both sides.

25. The printing press according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said varnishing units is assigned a dryer unit disposed inside a sheet transport drum.

26. The printing press according to claim 1, wherein one or more of said varnishing units are configured to apply water-based varnish or dispersion varnish.

27. The printing press according to claim 1, wherein two or more of said varnishing units include a screen roller with a doctor blade.

28. The printing press according to claim 1, wherein said two varnishing units include fountain rollers.

29. The printing press according to claim 22, wherein said sleeves are gapless sleeves.

30. The printing press according to claim 22, wherein said sleeves are gapped jackets.

31. A method of printing multiple colors on two sides of a sheet, which comprises the following method steps: a) individually feeding sheets from a sheet pile through a plurality of in-line printing units and printing on a front side of the sheets;b) subsequently turning the sheets and printing multiple colors on a back side of the sheets in a plurality of further in-line printing units;c) applying one or more coats of varnish to at least one of the printed front side and back side of the sheets with identical-type varnishing units disposed above and below a sheet travel path, and drying the at least one front side and back side with one or more dryers disposed above and below the sheet travel path;d) delivering the printed and varnished sheets, after drying, to a sheet pile or for further processing of the sheets.

32. The method according to claim 31, which comprises printing and varnishing sheets of paper.

33. The method according to claim 31, which comprises first drying a first sheet side that has been varnished before varnishing the second sheet side.

34. The method according to claim 31, which comprises drying both sides of the sheets after varnishing both sides.

35. The method according to claim 31, which comprises, during the drying step, irradiating and/or hot air heating the sheet side that faces a transport cylinder in a concave shape.

36. The method according to claim 31, wherein, during the drying step, a dryer device arranged below the path of sheet travel applies radiation and/or hot air to the sheet side that convexly faces away from the transport cylinder.

37. The method according to claim 31, wherein the printed front sides of the sheets are varnished first before the back sides of the sheets are varnished.

38. The printing press according to claim 1, wherein said impression cylinder of the last printing unit is followed by the impression cylinder of said first varnishing unit.

39. The printing press according to claim 1, wherein the varnishing blanket cylinder of the first varnishing unit is arranged below the path of sheet travel.