Patent Grant
9022380
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a sheet feeding apparatus and an image forming apparatus, and in particular, relates to a structure to apply a downward force to a feeding roller which feeds a sheet stacked on a sheet stack tray.
2. Description of the Related Art
Traditionally, an image forming apparatus such as a printer and a copying machine is provided with a sheet feeding apparatus including a sheet feeding cassette being a sheet storage portion in which sheets are stacked and a feeding portion which feeds sheets stacked in the sheet feeding cassette as separating one by one. An example of such a sheet feeding apparatus includes a feeding roller which feeds sheets and a separation roller which separates sheets as being abutted to the feeding roller. Further, in the sheet feeding cassette, a sheet stack tray on which sheets are stacked is arranged movably in an up-and-down direction and a sheet feeding force is generated by pressing the sheets to the feeding roller as applying a force to the sheet stack tray with a spring.
Then, the feeding roller is rotated as being pressed to an uppermost sheet stacked on the sheet stack tray to feed a sheet, so that the uppermost sheet is to be fed. Subsequently, the sheet is separated one by one while the fed uppermost sheet passes through a nip of the feeding roller and a separation roller to which a torque limiter to be pressed to the feeding roller is coaxially arranged. Here, the sheet separated one by one is fed to a conveying path toward an image forming portion (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-007086).
Incidentally, recently, it has been desired to increase an amount (the number) of sheets which can be stored in a sheet feeding cassette to reduce sheet replenishment frequency. However, with a structure to push up a sheet stack tray with a spring toward a sheet feeding roller, following problems occur. Here, large-sized sheets and small-sized sheets are different in weight. In a case that the number of stacked sheets to be stacked on the sheet stack tray is increased, the weight difference between large-sized sheets and small-sized sheets becomes large at the time of being fully-stacked.
In a case that the spring is set for sheet feeding pressure (pressure of the sheet feeding roller abutting to a sheet upper face) of small-sized sheets, sheet non-feeding occurs as the sheet feeding pressure of the sheet feeding roller becoming small owing to that sheet weight becomes large when large-sized sheets are to be fed. In a case that the spring force is set large as corresponding to large-sized sheets, double-feeding occurs as the sheet feeding pressure becoming excessively large as a result of excessively large pressing force when small-sized sheets are stored.
Further, variation of the sheet feeding pressure is largely influenced by density and basis weight of sheets as well as sheet size. For example, density of sheet types differs to be twice or more. Further, there is a case that density differs on the order of 30% with sheets having the same size. Variation of the sheet feeding pressure owing to the density difference becomes large with increase of the number of stacked sheets.
In the traditional sheet feeding apparatus described above, it is possible to adjust sheet feeding pressure in accordance with sheet size. However, the sheet feeding pressure cannot be adjusted in accordance with density and basis weight of sheets. Accordingly, when sheet types which can be supported by an image forming apparatus is increased, it becomes more difficult to satisfy both sheet feeding performance and enlarging of sheet stacking capacity.
To address the above issues, the present invention provides a sheet feeding apparatus and an image forming apparatus capable of stably performing sheet feeding even in a case that sheet stacking capacity is enlarged.
According to the present invention, there is provided a sheet feeding apparatus which upwardly swings a sheet stack tray to have a sheet pressed to a feeding roller when performing sheet feeding, including: a sheet storage portion which includes the sheet stack tray being swingable in an up-and-down direction of sheet stacking; a feeding roller which is arranged above the sheet stack tray and which feeds a sheet stacked on the sheet stack tray; a support member which is arranged as being swingable in the up-and-down direction about a swing fulcrum and which supports the feeding roller to be swingable at a swing end; a roller biasing member which applies a force to the support member in a direction in which the feeding roller is pressed to the sheet stacked on the sheet stack tray; and a separation member which is pressed to the sheet feeding roller to structures a separation portion with the sheet feeding roller that separates the sheets in to single sheet.
In the present invention, a feeding roller is swingably supported by a support member and is biased in a direction to be pressed to sheets stacked on a sheet stack tray. Accordingly, sheets can be stably fed even when sheet stacking capacity is enlarged.
Further features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In the following, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The image forming portion 10B includes four process stations 16 (16Y, 16M, 16C, 16K) which are arranged approximately in the horizontal direction and which respectively form toner images of four colors being yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C) and black (Bk). The process stations 16 respectively bear tone images of four colors being yellow, magenta, cyan and black and include photosensitive drums 11 (11Y, 11M, 11C, 11K) which are image bearing members to be driven by a stepping motor (not illustrated).
Further, the image forming portion 10B includes charging units 12 (12Y, 12M, 12C, 12K) which evenly charge photosensitive drum surfaces. Further, the image forming portion 10B includes exposing units 13 (13Y, 13M, 13C, 13K) which form an electrostatic latent image on each photosensitive drum rotating at a constant speed as irradiating laser beams based on image information. Furthermore, the image forming portion includes developing units 14 (14Y, 14M, 14C, 14K) which perform visualization as toner images by sticking toner of yellow, magenta, cyan and black to the electrostatic latent images formed on the photosensitive drums. The charging units 12, the exposing units 13 and the developing units 14 are arranged respectively at the circumference of the photosensitive drums 11 along the rotation direction.
The sheet feeding portion 10D includes sheet feeding apparatuses 71 to 74 which feed sheets S stacked and stored in sheet feeding cassettes 61 to 64 respectively being a sheet storage portion to store sheets S as being arranged at a lower part of the printer main body. When image forming operation is started, sheet S is separated and fed one by one from the sheet feeding cassettes 61 to 64 by the sheet feeding apparatuses 71 to 74. Subsequently, the sheet S separated and fed one by one arrives at a horizontal conveying path 88 as passing through a vertical conveying path 81, and then, is conveyed to a registration roller 76 arranged at the horizontal conveying path 88.
Here, the registration roller 76 has a function to correct skew feeding by forming a loop while a sheet S is struck to make the top end of the sheet S follow thereto. Further, the registration roller 76 has a function to convey the sheet S to a secondary transfer portion at timing of image forming onto the sheet S, that is, at predetermined timing in harmony with a toner image borne on a later-mentioned intermediate transfer belt. Here, when the sheet S is to be conveyed, the registration roller 76 remains stopped. The sheet S is struck to the registration roller 76 in such a stopped state, so that deformation is formed at the sheet S. Subsequently, skew feeding of the sheet S is corrected as the top end of the sheet S being flush with nipping of the registration roller 76 owing to stiffness of the sheet S.
The intermediate transfer portion 10C includes an intermediate transfer belt 31 which is rotationally driven in the arrangement direction of the respective process stations 16 as illustrated by an arrow in synchronization with outer circumferential velocity of the photosensitive drums 11. Here, the intermediate transfer belt 31 is tensionally hanged over a driving roller 33, a driven roller 32 which forms a secondary transfer range as nipping the intermediate transfer belt 31, and a tension roller 34 which applies an appropriate tensional force to the intermediate transfer belt 31 with a biasing force of a spring (not illustrated).
Four primary transfer rollers 35 (35Y, 35M, 35C, 35K) which respectively constitute a primary transfer portion are arranged at the inside of the intermediate transfer belt 31 as nipping the intermediate transfer belt 31 with the respective photosensitive drums 11. Here, the primary transfer rollers 35 are connected to a power supply for transfer biasing (not illustrated). When transfer bias is applied from the primary transfer roller 35 to the intermediate transfer belt 31, the toner images of the respective colors on the photosensitive drums 11 are sequentially transferred to the intermediate transfer belt 31 in a multi-layered manner, so that a full-color image is formed on the intermediate transfer belt 31.
Further, a secondary transfer roller 41 is arranged to be opposed to the driven roller 32. The secondary transfer roller 41 nips and conveys a sheet S which is conveyed by the registration roller 76 with the intermediate transfer belt 31 as being abutted to a lowermost surface of the intermediate transfer belt 31. Then, bias is applied to the secondary transfer roller 41 when the sheet S passes through a nip portion of the secondary transfer roller 41 and the intermediate transfer belt 31, so that the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 31 is secondarily transferred to the sheet S. The fixing apparatus 5 is to fix the toner image formed on the sheet S via the intermediate transfer belt 31 on the sheet S. The toner image is fixed by applying heat and pressure to the sheet S bearing the toner image when passing through the fixing apparatus 5.
Next, image forming operation of the color laser beam printer 10 as structured above will be described. When the image forming operation is started, laser irradiation is performed by the exposing unit 13Y against the photosensitive drum 11Y firstly at the process station 16Y which is located at the upstreammost side in the rotation direction of the intermediate transfer belt 31 and a latent image of yellow is formed on the photosensitive drum 11Y. Subsequently, a yellow toner image is formed by developing the latent image with yellow toner at the developing unit 14Y. Then, the yellow toner image formed on the photosensitive drum 11Y as described above is primarily transferred to the intermediate transfer belt at the primary transfer range by the primary transfer roller 35Y to which high voltage is applied.
Subsequently, the toner image is transferred along with the intermediate transfer belt 31 to the primary transfer range which is structured with the photosensitive drum 11M and the transfer roller 35M of the next process station 16M at which an image is to be formed as being delayed from the process station 16Y by the time of conveying the toner image. Then, the magenta toner image is transferred next onto the yellow toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 31 as the image top ends being matched. Subsequently, the similar process is repeated. As a result, toner images of four colors are primarily transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 31, so that the full-color image is formed on the intermediate transfer belt. Here, transfer-remaining toner slightly remained on the photosensitive drum 11 is recovered respectively by photosensitive drum cleaners 15 (15Y, 15M, 15C, 15K) to be prepared again for the next image forming.
Further, a sheet S stored in the sheet feeding cassettes 61 to 64 is separated and fed one by one by the sheet feeding apparatuses 71 to 74 in parallel to the toner image forming operation, and then, is conveyed to the registration roller 76 via a conveying roller 77. At that time, the registration roller 76 remains stopped and the sheet S is struck to the registration roller 76 in a stopped state, so that skew feeding of the sheet S is corrected. After skew feeding is corrected, the sheet S is conveyed to the nip portion of the secondary transfer roller 41 and the intermediate transfer belt 31 by the registration roller 76 starting to be rotated at timing at which the sheet top end and the toner image formed on the intermediate transfer belt 31 are matched. Subsequently, when the sheet S passes through the nip portion of the secondary transfer roller 41 and the intermediate transfer belt 31 as being nipped and conveyed by the secondary transfer roller 41 and the intermediate transfer belt 31, the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 31 is secondarily transferred to the sheet S with bias applied to the secondary transfer roller 41.
Subsequently, the sheet S to which the toner image is secondarily transferred is conveyed to the fixing apparatus 5 by a pre-fixing conveying unit 42. Then, the toner image is melted and fixed on the sheet S by applying a predetermined pressing force due to an opposed roller or a belt and a heating effect due to a heat source such as a heater in general. Here, the present color laser beam printer 10 has a single mode in which image forming is performed on one face of a sheet S and a duplex mode in which image forming is performed on both faces of the front and back of a sheet S. Then, route selection is performed by a switching member (not illustrated) so as to convey a sheet S having a fixed image to a discharge conveying path 82 in the single mode and to a reverse guide path 83 in the duplex mode.
In the single mode, the sheet S having the fixed image is discharged to a discharge tray 65 by a discharge roller 80 via the discharge conveying path 82. In the duplex mode, the sheet S is drawn into a switch-back path 84 by a first pair of reverse rollers 78 and a second pair of reverse rollers 79 via the reverse guide path 83. Then, the sheet S is conveyed to a duplex convey path 85 in a state that top and back ends are reversed with switch-back operation due to forward-backward rotation of the second pair of reverse rollers 79.
Subsequently, the sheet S conveyed through the duplex conveying path 85 is merged with the vertical conveying path 81 in timing as being matched with a sheet S for a subsequent job conveyed by the sheet feeding apparatuses 71 to 74 and is similarly fed from the horizontal conveying path 88 to the secondary transfer portion via the registration roller 76. Here, a subsequent image forming process on the back face (second face) is similar to the abovementioned process for the front face (first face).
Here,
The sheet supporting plate 110 is swung in the up-and-down direction about a fulcrum (not illustrated) by a lifter 111 which is swung in the up-and-down direction about a lifter shaft 111a owing to a lifting and lowering mechanism which is structured with a later-mentioned lifter motor 140 illustrated in
The sheet feeding roller 101 is supported in a swingable manner by a sheet feeding roller bearing 102 via the sheet feeding roller shaft 101a. The sheet feeding roller bearing 102 is arranged as being swingable in the up-and-down direction about a swing fulcrum 104a and is supported to a swing end of a sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 which is biased by a torsion coil spring 103 arranged at the swing fulcrum 104a in the counterclockwise direction illustrated by arrow B. That is, in the present embodiment, the sheet feeding roller 101 is supported swingably in the up-and-down direction at the swing end of the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 being a support member which is biased in the counterclockwise direction by the torsion coil spring 103 via the sheet feeding bearing 102.
With the above, when sheets are sequentially fed as described later, the sheet feeding roller 101 is downwardly swung by little and little while being abutted to the sheets as being integral with the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 which is biased by the torsion coil spring 103 being a roller biasing member. Here, as illustrated in
Then, as illustrated in
Then, owing to that a position of the sheet feeding roller 101 is detected, the CPU 142 drives the lifter motor 140 for a predetermined time when a detection signal is input from the sheet feeding roller position detecting sensor 130 being a sheet face detecting portion which detects height of an uppermost sheet stacked on the sheet supporting plate 110. Accordingly, the sheet supporting plate 110 is lifted and the sheet feeding roller 101 is pressed to sheets S by the torsion coil spring 103 owing to that the sheet supporting plate 110 is lifted. Thus, the pressing force enabling to perform sheet feeding is applied to the sheets S.
Further, the separation roller 105 arranged below the sheet feeding roller 101 incorporates a torque limiter (not illustrated). Then, the separation roller 105 is rotated along with a rotation force of the sheet feeding roller 101 and is maintained to be rotated along with a rotation force when only one sheet S is fed to a separation nip 120. When two or more sheets S are fed, rotation of the separation roller 105 along with a rotation force of the sheet feeding roller 101 is stopped by the torque limiter. With the above, only the sheet slidingly contacted to the sheet feeding roller 101 is fed and the rest of the sheets are stopped at the separation nip 120 by the separation roller 105. Here, the present embodiment adopts the separation roller with the torque limiter. However, it is also possible to adopt separation means using a friction pad instead of this structure.
Here, the separation roller 105 is held as being movable in the up-and-down direction by a separation guide 106 illustrated in
Here, since the separation roller pressing spring 107 applies an approximately upward force to the separation guide 106, the separation roller 105 forms the separation nip 120 against the sheet feeding roller 101 as being pressed to the sheet feeding roller 101. The elastic force of the torsion coil spring 103 is set to be larger than the elastic force of the separation roller pressing spring 107. Accordingly, when the position of the uppermost sheet becomes low as the sheets being sequentially fed as described later, the sheet feeding roller 101 is capable of being lowered as depressing the separation roller 105.
Next, description will be made on lift-up control of the above-structured sheet feeding apparatus 71 to lift the sheets S after the sheet feeding cassette 61 is inserted to the printer main body 10A by using a flowchart of
When the sheet feeding cassette 61 having the sheets S stacked is inserted to the printer main body 10A, the cassette presence detecting sensor 141 becomes ON (S50) and driving of the lifter motor 140 is started (ON) (S51) by the CPU 142 being a controller. Then, the driving force of the lifter motor 140 is transmitted to the lifter 111 via a drive gear (not illustrated) to upwardly swing the sheet supporting plate 110 on which the sheets S are stacked. In this manner, lift-up of the sheets S is performed.
Subsequently, the uppermost sheet S is abutted to the sheet feeding roller 101. Here, as described above, as being pressed approximately downwardly by the torsion coil spring 103, the sheet feeding roller 101 is located at the lowermost point of the swingable range as illustrated in
With the above, after the sheet S is abutted, the sheet feeding roller 101 is lifted against the pressing force of the torsion coil spring 103 as upwardly swinging the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 as illustrated in
Here, when the sheet feeding roller position detecting sensor 130 becomes ON and predetermined time passes thereafter, the CPU 142 stops driving of the lifter motor 140 (OFF) (S53). In this manner, initial lift-up is completed. Here, when the lift-up is completed as described above, the sheet feeding roller 101 applies a pressing force enabling to perform sheet feeding to the sheet S with the torsion coil spring 103.
Next, sheet feeding operation control of the sheet feeding apparatus 71 and lift-up operation control during the sheet feeding operation will be described by using a flowchart of
When a sheet feeding signal is received from an external PC (not illustrated) after the initial lift-up operation is completed, the CPU 142 starts to drive the sheet feeding motor 131. Here, the driving force of the sheet feeding motor 131 is transmitted to the sheet feeding roller 101 via the sheet feeding roller shaft 101a and the sheet feeding roller 101 is swung in a direction of an arrow C in
At that time, in a case that the sheet feeding roller position detecting sensor 130 is not OFF (“No” in S60), that is, in a case that the sheet feeding roller position detecting sensor 130 is ON, the sheet feeding motor 131 is kept ON (S61) without driving the lifter motor 140. When feeding of one sheet is completed (S62), the sheet feeding motor 131 is turned off (S63). Subsequently, it is determined whether the JOB is completed (S64). When the JOB is not completed (“No” in S64), steps S60 to S64 are repeated.
Incidentally, each time when feeding of one sheet is completed, the sheet face position of the uppermost sheet is lowered by the amount of one sheet. At that time, the sheet feeding roller 101 is downwardly swung by the pressing force of the torsion coil spring 103 as following to the sheet face position of the uppermost sheet. Further, as described above, since the spring force of the separation roller pressing spring 107 is set to be smaller than the spring force of the torsion coil spring 103, the separation roller 105 and the separation guide 106 are also lowered in position when the sheet feeding roller 101 is downwardly swung.
When the sheet feeding roller 101 which is downwardly swung as described above is lowered to a predetermined position, the sheet feeding roller position detecting sensor 130 becomes OFF. When the sheet feeding roller position detecting sensor 130 becomes OFF as described above (“Yes” in S60), the lifter motor 140 is to be driven (ON) (S65). Accordingly, the sheet supporting plate 110 is upwardly swung and the sheets S are lifted. Subsequently, the uppermost sheet S is abutted to the sheet feeding roller 101 and the sheet feeding roller 101 is lifted against the pressing force of the torsion coil spring 103.
Subsequently, when the sheet feeding roller position detecting sensor 130 becomes ON (S66) as detecting the position of the sheet feeding roller 101 lifted as described above, the driving of the lifter motor 140 is stopped after a predetermined time is passed (S67). With the above control, the lift-up operation is performed at every two or three sheets, so that the upper face position of the uppermost sheet S stacked on the sheet supporting plate 110 during sheet feeding operation is maintained at the height of
Incidentally, with the structure in which the sheet feeding roller 101 is pressed and swung by the torsion coil spring 103 via the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 as in the present embodiment, the pressing position between the sheet feeding roller 101 and the sheets S is varied in accordance with a sheet stacking state.
Further, sheets have own variation of length. Such own length variation of sheets includes sheet cutting variation occurring at a cutting process during sheet manufacturing and expansion-contraction varied with a sheet moisture amount. The sheet length variation is estimated to be approximate +/−1 mm at maximum in total. Therefore, the clearance being 2 mm and the sheet length variation being approximate +/−1 mm at maximum generate top end position deviation being 3 mm at maximum.
When the sheet top end position deviation is at maximum as described above, the pressing position 150 is to be at the upstreammost position. In such a state, the pressing position 150 of the sheet feeding roller 101 is at the upstream side compared to the pressing position 150 in the fully-stacked state. When the pressing position 150 becomes to the upstream side as described above, the sheet feeding roller 101 is to be pressed to a sheet S at a higher position compared to the pressing position 150 in the fully-stacked state.
When height position where the sheet feeding roller 101 is abutted to the sheet is varied in accordance with variation of the pressing position 150 as described above, sheet feeding pressure of the sheet feeding roller 101 during sheet feeding is varied. When magnitude of the sheet feeding pressure exceeds a predetermined range, sheets cannot be stably fed with occurrence of double-feeding or non-feeding.
In the present embodiment, to reduce such variation of the sheet feeding pressure due to the swing position of the sheet feeding roller 101, the position of the swing fulcrum 104a of the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 is set below a tangential line of the sheet feeding roller 101 at the pressing position 150 as illustrated in
Next, the sheet feeding pressure corresponding to the sheet stacking state in a case that the position of the swing fulcrum 104a of the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 is set as described above will be described in detail by using
Here, the reaction force F2 is expressed by P1×micro1 as the sheet feeding pressure and an inter-sheet friction force of the sheets S being denoted respectively by P1 and micro1. In the present embodiment, when P1 is 2.5 N, test results show that micro1 is varied in a range between 0.3 and 0.8. Therefore, the reaction force F2 is varied in a range between 0.75 N and 2.0 N when the sheets S are in the fully-stacked state.
When the sheets S are in the small-amount-stacked state, there occurs angle difference θ1 between the tangential line of the sheet feeding roller 101 at the pressing position 150 and a line connecting the swing fulcrum 104a of the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 and the pressing position 150, as illustrated in
Here, since the swing fulcrum 104a of the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 is set to be parallel to the pressing position 150 in the sheet fully-stacked state, θ1 becomes to zero in the fully-stacked state as illustrated in
In contrast, in the small-amount-stacked state as illustrated in
As illustrated in
Thus, in the present embodiment, the position of the swing fulcrum 104a of the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 is set below the tangential line of the sheet feeding roller 101 as illustrated in
Incidentally, in addition to the sheet feeding pressure variation of −0.2 N to 0.4 N occurring at sheet feeding (M1 in
Accordingly, the sheet feeding pressure P1 is to be varied between −0.5 N and 0.7 N having the nominal pressure of 2.5 N as the center owing to addition of the abovementioned sheet feeding pressure variation (M1 in
As described above, in the present embodiment, the sheet feeding roller 101 is swingably supported and is biased in the direction to be pressed to the sheets stacked on the sheet supporting plate 110. Further, the position of the swing fulcrum 104a of the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 is set below the tangential line of the sheet feeding roller 101 when the pressing position 150 is at the downstreammost position and above the tangential line of the sheet feeding roller 101 when the pressing position 150 is at the upstreammost position.
That is, the position of the swing fulcrum 104a of the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 is set within a range which is between the tangential line of the sheet feeding roller 101 when the pressing position 150 is at the downstreammost position and the tangential line of the sheet feeding roller 101 when the pressing position 150 is at the upstreammost position. With the above setting, variation of the pressing pressure of the sheet feeding roller 101 can be reduced. Accordingly, occurrence of double-feeding and non-feeding can be prevented even when sheet stacking capacity becomes large, so that sheets can be stably fed.
In the above description, the swing fulcrum 104a of the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 is arranged at a position in parallel to the pressing position 150 in the sheet fully-stacked state. However, it is also possible to arrange the swing fulcrum 104a at a position higher than the position.
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In
In contrast, when the pressing position 150 is at the upstreammost position as illustrated in
In a case that the position of the swing fulcrum 104a of the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 is at the position illustrated in
As described above, the width of the sheet feeding pressure variation becomes to the minimum value when the swing fulcrum 104a of the sheet feeding roller supporting arm 104 is within an angle range of the direction of the sheet feeding conveyance force F1. That is, the angle range is between the F1 direction when the pressing position 150 is at the downstreammost position as illustrated in
While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all modifications, equivalent structures and functions.
This application claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-140348, filed Jun. 24, 2011, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011-140348 | Jun 2011 | JP | national |
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| PCT/JP2012/004093 | 6/25/2012 | WO | 00 | 11/11/2013 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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| WO2012/176479 | 12/27/2012 | WO | A |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 20140070481 A1 | Mar 2014 | US |
