Patent Application
20080173219
Shelving units consisting of vertical members that support a plurality of horizontally extending shelves are known. One type of shelving unit is a plastic unit where the vertical members and shelves are formed of a plastic material. The units are often manufactured, shipped and sold as disassembled kits where the end user connects the vertical members and shelves to assemble the complete shelving unit.
In order to provide structural strength over time and provide creep resistance, relatively thick shelves must be used. To create the desired thickness a large amount of resin is required. As the cost of resin increases, the cost of the shelving unit also increases. Further, because the shelves are relatively thick, the size of the disassembled shelving unit as a shipping cube is relatively large such that shipping costs are increased. Finally, the performance of plastic shelving units can be affected by changes in ambient temperature where extreme heat or cold can adversely affect the load capacity and strength of the unit.
All metal shelving units are also known. Such units are relatively heavy when compared to plastic units such that they may be difficult for the end user to transport and assemble. Further, all metal units are subject to rust and corrosion especially on the shelves themselves. Finally, the style and shape of metal units is typically limited due to the difficulty and expense of manufacturing complex metal shapes.
Thus an improved shelving unit is desired.
A shelf is connected to risers that are screwthreaded together to achieve a clamping effect between the shelves and the risers. Each shelf may comprise a plastic shelf portion and at least one reinforcement portion secured to the plastic shelf portion to reinforce the plastic shelf portion along its length. In one embodiment a plurality of metal bars are used as the reinforcement portion. The reinforcement portions may be inserted into channels formed in the plastic shelve portions and may be attached to the shelve portions using a separate attachment mechanism. The reinforcement portions may extend between the risers along the major length of the shelf.
The shelving unit is shown generally at 1 and comprises a plurality of shelves 2 supported by risers 4 to create a multi-layer shelving unit. The number of shelves 2 provided in the shelving unit 1 may vary. Each shelf 2 comprises a plastic shelf portion 6 and at least one separate reinforcement portion 8. The shelf portion 6 may be injection molded or otherwise manufactured from any suitable rigid plastic material and may be made in a variety of colors. Because the shelf portion 6 is a molded plastic piece it can be manufactured in a wide variety of shapes including relatively complex shapes such as the grating design shown in the figures where a series of intersecting members 10 and 12 create the load supporting surface 14 of the shelf. Using a grating design also allows the shelf portion 6 to be manufactured at less cost than a solid load supporting surface because less plastic material is used to create the shelf portion. While a particular shape of shelf portion 6 is shown it is to be understood that the shelf portion may have any shape and design. The supporting surface may also be made as a solid surface. The plastic portions of shelf portion 6 may also be made hollow to reduce the amount of material used.
Molded adjacent each corner of shelf portion 6 are mounting apertures 16 for receiving risers 4 that connect the shelves 2 to one another to create shelving unit 1. A greater or fewer number of mounting apertures 16 may be provided and they may be located at positions on the shelf 2 other than at the corners of the shelf including in the interior thereof. Further, if the shelves have a shape other than rectangular, such as circular or oval, the mounting apertures 16 may be positioned in a variety of locations. The mounting apertures 16 are used to clamp the risers 4 to one another and to the shelves 2 as will hereinafter be described.
Each shelf portion 6 also includes a plurality of channels 18 formed therein for receiving reinforcement portions 8. Each channel 18 is dimensioned to closely receive a reinforcement portion 8 to thereby retain the reinforcement portion in the shelf. The channels 18 are arranged as aligned sets of channels where each reinforcement portion 8 is received in each of the aligned channels of the set. The channels 18a located at the end of the shelf portion 6 are open to the exterior of the shelf such that the reinforcement portion 8 may be slid into the aligned channels from the exterior of the shelf 2. The reinforcement portions 8 may be inserted into the channels in a number of different ways including insert molding, post-molding or secondary operation, or by the consumers. In the illustrated embodiment a plurality of relatively short channels (as compared to the overall length of shelf 6) are used to minimize the amount of plastic material used. However, a single relatively large channel may be used in place of the plurality of aligned smaller channels. Further, while in the illustrated embodiment the reinforcement portion 8 is slid into the channels 18 it is to be understood that the channels may be formed to allow the reinforcement portion to be snapped into the channels. Further, the reinforcement portions 8 may be secured to the shelf portion 6 by using a separate mechanical fastener such as screws or bolts or the like or by using adhesive or a welding process such as a heat stake that attaches the reinforcement portions 8 to portions of the shelf portion 6. Further, the channels 18 may be used in conjunction with another attachment mechanism such that after the reinforcement portions 8 are inserted into channels 18 the reinforcement portions are attached to the shelf portion such as by mechanical connectors, adhesive, welding or the like.
The reinforcement portions 8 comprise bars of a rigid material such as metal or steel. In one embodiment the reinforcement portions comprise full hard steel as disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/439,157, which was filed on May 23, 2006, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, and U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/736,717, which was filed on Nov. 15, 2005, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference. In the illustrated embodiment the bars have a relatively simple shape such as a rectangular bar that is easy to manufacture yet is strong and provides resistance to bending and torsion. While rectangular bars are shown, the reinforcement portions 8 may have other cross-sectional shapes. Further, a strong, rigid material other than steel may also be used. While a straight bar may be the simplest and cheapest form of the reinforcement portions 8, it is to be understood that the reinforcement portions may be formed with more complicated shapes such as an I-shape or other open or closed sections.
As shown, the channels 18 are arranged such that the reinforcement portions 8 extend for substantially the length of the shelf along the long dimension thereof. The reinforcement portions 8 are used along the longest span because this is where deflection of the shelf under a load would be the greatest absent the reinforcement portions. While the reinforcement portions 8 extend along the long dimension it is to be understood that additional reinforcement portions may be used that extend for the short dimension of the shelf such as by locating reinforcement portions along the side edges 2a and 2b of shelf portion 6.
Further, while three reinforcement portions 8 are shown one located along the front edge 2c, one located along the back edge 2d and one located along the centerline of the shelf portion between front edge 2a and back edge 2d, a greater or fewer number of reinforcement portions may be used depending upon the desired load bearing characteristics of the shelf. The reinforcement portions 8 that are located adjacent the mounting apertures 16 stabilize the connection between the risers and the shelves as described below. The reinforcement portion 8 located along the centerline of the shelf is used primarily to prevent the shelf from deflecting under a load and minimize the amount of resin needed in the middle of the shelf.
In the illustrated embodiment the reinforcement portions 8 extend substantially from side edge 2a to side edge 2b and extend parallel to one another although the reinforcement portions 8 may be arranged other than parallel to one another. The reinforcement portions 8 may extend beyond side edges 2a and 2b or they may terminate just short of the edges. In one embodiment the reinforcement portions 8 extend to at least the longitudinal axis of the risers 4. The reinforcement portions 8 are disposed as close to the mounting apertures 16 and risers 4 as possible such that the reinforcement portions stabilize the connection between the risers and the shelf to minimize deflection of the shelf. Stabilizing the connection between the risers 4 and the shelf 2 prevents the shelf from deflecting under a load and prevents the risers from tilting away from a true vertical orientation. As a result, a load on shelf 2 is directed along the longitudinal axis of the risers 4 where the risers have maximum strength and maximizes the load that can be supported by the risers without buckling.
Using the construction of the shelves described above, the overall height of the shelf may be reduced by 40-50% compared to an all plastic shelf of similar area and capacity. The amount of resin may be reduced by 65% compared to comparable all plastic shelves. By designing a thinner, lighter shelf shipping costs of the unit are also reduced. The shelves also provide plastic support surfaces that will not rust or corrode while providing a strong support surface.
To connect the shelves to one another, risers 4 are used where each riser comprises a hollow tube. While hollow tubes are lighter and use less material, solid risers may also be used. The risers between any two shelves are typically of uniform length such that the shelves are parallel; however, risers between different shelves may be of different lengths such that the distance between shelves may vary.
The connection between the risers 4 and the shelf 2 described below has applicability with shelves that have the shelf portion and reinforcement portions described above and to shelves having all resin construction. Thus, the connection between the risers and shelves may be used with all plastic shelves and is not limited to use with the shelves of the invention. Referring to
Each mounting aperture 16 defines a hole that extends through the shelf portion 6 and includes a first annular flange 31 and a second annular flange 33 that form a first annular cavity 32 that is open towards the top of shelf 2. A second annular flange 34 extends toward the bottom of shelf 2. The annular cavities 26 and 30 in the risers are dimensioned to receive the annular flanges 31 and 34 formed on the mounting aperture 18 and the annular cavity 32 formed in the mounting aperture is dimensioned to receive the annular flange 28 formed on the riser.
To assemble the shelving unit a first riser 4 is inserted into the top end of mounting aperture 18. A second riser 4 is inserted into the bottom end of the mounting aperture 18 such that the external threads 22 on the first riser engage the internal threads 20 on the second riser. The risers are rotated relative tone another such that as the threads tighten the risers are drawn toward one another. As the risers move towards one another the annular flange 28 from the first riser engages the first annular cavity 32 formed in the mounting aperture and the annular flange 34 of the mounting aperture 16 engages the annular cavity 26 formed in the second riser. As the threads tighten the flanges are forced into the respective cavities to clamp the risers to the shelf portion and to clamp shelf portions between the risers. The flanges and cavities may be dimensioned such that a tight friction fit is created between the contacting surfaces of the risers and shelf portions. Moreover, the plastic material may be deformed such that the flanges deform as increasing pressure is applied to create a compression fit between the components.
The above described construction locks the risers 4 to one another and to the shelf 2 such that the shelves and risers are rigidly joined together without the “play” found in friction fit shelving units. The use of flanges 24 and 26 also provides a wider area of contact between the risers and shelves than the diameter of the risers thereby creating a more rigid joint. Because the joint between the risers 4 and the shelves 2 is very rigid, the risers will not tilt relative to the shelves when a load is applied to the shelf. Thus, the load is transmitted along the longitudinal axis of the risers to maximize the load that can be supported without the risers buckling.
Feet 50 may be screwed onto risers 4 below the bottom shelf, as shown in
Specific embodiments of an invention are described herein. One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the invention has other applications in other environments and that changes in the specific construction of the shelving unit may be made without departing from the invention. The following claims are in no way intended to limit the scope of the invention to the specific embodiments described above.
This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to the filing date of U.S. Provisional Application 60/881,206 filed on Jan. 19, 2007, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60881206 | Jan 2007 | US |
