Patent Grant
10415248
The present invention relates generally to an asphalt roofing shingle or product having a mask or film applied over a headlap portion such that granules do not adhere to the headlap portion during the manufacturing process. The present invention also relates generally to a method of manufacturing a shingle wherein at least a portion of the granules not adhered to the headlap portion of one shingle may be collected and reapplied to the headlap portion of another shingle.
Typical asphalt-based roofing shingles include a base mat that is impregnated with asphalt and covered with a layer of ceramic granules. To provide an aesthetic appearance, a blend of colored granules is applied to the exposed tab portions of the shingles, which are visible when the shingles are installed on a roof. However, in an effort to reduce cost, granules of a single color or granules of a lesser quality are applied to the headlap portions of the shingles, which are normally covered when the shingles are installed on a roof. Because the headlap portion is not exposed or visible upon installation, the use of granules of a single color or lesser quality has no impact on the appearance or performance of the shingle.
The use of different types of granules on the tab portion and headlap portion results in waste. When the blend of colored granules is applied to the tab portion, not all of the granules are adhered to the shingle. Instead, a portion of these granules do not become adhered to the shingle and fall below. The same is true for the granules that are applied to the headlap portion. Due to the close spatial proximity in which the more costly tab granules and less costly headlap portion granules are applied to the shingle, all of the granules which do not adhere to the shingle fall to a common area below and become mixed. While this mix of backfall granules can be reused, because the headlap granules are mixed in with the tab granules, the recovered granules cannot be reapplied to the tab portion. To do so would result in tab portions of an inconsistent color and visual appearance. Rather, the recovered backfall granules, which include a mix of the more costly tab granules and the less costly headlap granules, can only be reapplied to the headlap portion. Thus, a percentage of the more costly blended colored granules do not end up on the intended tab portion of the product, but instead end up on the headlap portion. As such, this is viewed as a waste and inefficiency in the production process.
The granules applied to asphalt-based shingles can account for a significant part of the overall weight of the shingles. The heavier the shingles, the more difficult it can be for installers to handle and maneuver bundles of the shingles and the more costly it is to transport the shingles via truck or rail. Further, the heavier the shingles, the greater the possibility that a roof structure may experience a failure due to a snow load or other overloading scenarios.
Accordingly, a need exists for a shingle that does not require separate headlap granules and tab granules so that substantially all of the blended color tab granules that do not initially become adhered to one shingle may be recovered and reapplied to the tab portion of another shingle during the manufacturing process. An additional need exists for an asphalt-based shingle that is lighter in weight. A further need exists for a shingle that can be manufactured on a more cost effective and efficient basis.
One embodiment of the present invention is directed generally to a roofing shingle comprising a base mat having a tab portion covered with granules and a headlap portion covered with a mask or film layer. An asphalt-based coating may be applied to at least a top surface of the base mat. The granules are adhered to the asphalt-based coating that has been applied to the tab portion. The film layer is adhered to the asphalt-based coating that has been applied to the headlap portion.
The film layer is adapted for preventing granules from adhering to the headlap portion of the base mat and, as such, the headlap portion may be substantially free from any granules adhered thereto. The film layer can be constructed of polyester, polyvinylchloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, vinyl, metallic foil, parchment, paper, combinations thereof or any other material now known or hereafter developed to which the granules will generally not adhere. The film layer may cover substantially the entire headlap portion or less than the entire headlap portion. In one embodiment, the film layer only covers the headlap portion and does not extend onto the tab portion. Additionally, the film layer may include indicia printed or otherwise applied thereto, which may include the manufacturer's name, manufacturing tracking information, installation instructions, product warnings, warranty information, one or more laying lines, one or more guide marks, marketing information, a globally unique identifier (GUID), a quick response (QR) code or a bar code.
Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a method for manufacturing a shingle comprising the steps of coating at least the top surface of the base mat with the asphalt-based coating to form an asphalt-coated sheet having a coated tab portion and headlap portion, applying a film to at least part of the headlap portion, and applying granules to the tab portion. The film is adapted for preventing granules from adhering to the part of said headlap portion to which the film is applied. The method may further comprise the steps of collecting granules that do not become adhered to the tab portion one shingle, introducing such collected granules to a primary source of granules and reapplying the collected granules to the tab portion of another shingle.
Other aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawing figures.
In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specification and are to be read in conjunction therewith in which like reference numerals are used to indicate like or similar parts in the various views:
The invention will now be described with reference to the drawing figures, in which like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout. For purposes of clarity in illustrating the characteristics of the present invention, proportional relationships of the elements have not necessarily been maintained in the drawing figures.
The following detailed description of the invention references specific embodiments in which the invention can be practiced. The embodiments are intended to describe aspects of the invention in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. Other embodiments can be utilized and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The present invention is defined by the appended claims and the description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense and shall not limit the scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
Referring to the figures, the present invention is directed to a shingle 10 that includes a base mat 36 having a top surface 12, a bottom surface 14, an upper end 16, a lower end 18, a first side end 20 and a second side end 22. As further illustrated in
The shingle 10 of the present invention may be a multiple-layer laminated shingle having alternating tabs 32 and cutouts 34 as depicted in
As illustrated in
As shown in
Granules 28, such as ceramic or mineral granules, are applied to at least a part of the tab portion 24. The granules 28 are generally adhered to the exposed asphalt-based coating that has been applied to the tab portion 24. As set forth above however, in one preferred embodiment, none or substantially none of the granules 28 will adhere or stick to the film layer 30 covering the headlap portion 26. The granules 28 may be a colored blend of granules or may be of a single color. As depicted in
Turning attention now to the method of manufacture, an asphalt-based coating is applied to at least a top surface of the base mat 36 material. As is known in the art, the base mat 36 material may be supplied from a roll on a generally continuous basis. Upon application of the asphalt-based coating, the mask or film layer 30 can be adhered to the asphalt-based coating covering at least part of the top surface of the headlap portion 26. In a preferred embodiment, the film layer 30 is applied to the headlap portion 26 immediately after the asphalt-based coating is applied and is still relatively warm.
Like the base mat 36 material, the film 30 can also be supplied from a roll on a generally continuous basis. It will be understood that the film layer 30 may cover the entire headlap portion 26 or just a part thereof. Further, in one embodiment, the film layer 30 covers only the headlap portion 26 and does not extend to or cover any part of the tab portion 24. The film 30 may be cut to the width and length of the headlap portion 26 prior to being applied or after being applied.
Once the film layer 30 is applied to the headlap portion 26, the granules 28 may be applied to at least the top surface of the base mat 36. Some of the granules 28 will adhere to the exposed asphalt-based coating that has been applied to the tab portion 24, while other of the granules 28 will not. In a preferred embodiment, none or substantially none of the granules 28 will adhere or stick to the film layer 30. As such, the film layer 30 is adapted for preventing granules 28 from becoming adhered to the headlap portion 26 of the base mat 36. The headlap portion 26 therefore remains substantially free of any granules 28 adhered thereto. Substantially all of the granules 28 that are not adhered to the tab portion 24 may be recovered and reused. As such, the unadhered granules 28 may be collected, introduced into a primary source of granules 28 and then reapplied to the tab portion 24. One embodiment includes collecting and reapplying a substantial majority of the granules 28 that do not adhere to the tab portion 26, while other embodiments include collecting and reapplying substantially all and even up to 100% of such granules 28.
A primary advantage of the shingle 10 and method of the present invention involves a significant cost reduction in the manufacturing of the shingle 10. No headlap granules are utilized and up to 100% of the backfall tab granules can be recovered and reapplied to the tab portion 24 of another shingle 10, as they are not “contaminated” by headlap granules of a different color or quality.
Another advantage involves a reduction in weight of the shingle 10 due to the lack of (or reduction of, as the case may be) granules applied to the headlap portion 26. Because of this reduction in weight, the weight per bundle of shingles 10 may be decreased by approximately 20 pounds to 30 pounds, which results in a bundle that is easier and safer to load onto a roof during installation, reduces freight and shipping costs, and permits more bundles of shingles 10 to be transported via truck or rail thereby improving transportation efficiency. The number of bundles per pallet may also be increased which also improves storage and transportation efficiency. Furthermore, the reduced weight may decrease the load as installed onto the roof thereby reducing the possibility of structural failures due to snow load or overloading scenarios. Another benefit of the shingle 10 of the present invention may be the reduction in complaints from installers relating to sharp granules cutting or breaking their skin or gloves because the installers can now hold the masked area and not a granulated area.
From the foregoing, it will be seen that this invention is one well adapted to attain all the ends and objects hereinabove set forth together with other advantages which are obvious and which are inherent to the structure. It will be understood that certain features and sub combinations are of utility and may be employed without reference to other features and sub combinations. This is contemplated by and is within the scope of the claims. Since many possible embodiments of the invention may be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is also to be understood that all matters herein set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings are to be interpreted as illustrative and not limiting.
The constructions described above and illustrated in the drawings are presented by way of example only and are not intended to limit the concepts and principles of the present invention. Thus, there has been shown and described several embodiments of a novel invention. As is evident from the foregoing description, certain aspects of the present invention are not limited by the particular details of the examples illustrated herein, and it is therefore contemplated that other modifications and applications, or equivalents thereof, will occur to those skilled in the art. The terms “having” and “including” and similar terms as used in the foregoing specification are used in the sense of “optional” or “may include” and not as “required”. Many changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications of the present construction will, however, become apparent to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and the accompanying drawings. All such changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are deemed to be covered by the invention which is limited only by the claims which follow.
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/794,624, filed on Mar. 15, 2013, to David C. Humphreys et al. entitled “Asphalt Shingle with Head-Lap Mask,”, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
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