Patent Application
20190061900
The present invention relates to a ship handling device and a ship including the ship handling device.
Heretofore, a ship has been disclosed that includes: a bow thruster for generating a thrust in a left-and-right direction of the ship; a propeller for generating a thrust in a front-and-rear direction of the ship; and a joystick lever freely turnable along three axes of an x-axis, a y-axis, and a z-axis, wherein driving of the bow thruster and the propeller is controlled based on a turning angle of the joystick lever along the x-axis and/or the y-axis to cause the ship to move in the front-and-rear direction, a lateral direction, or an oblique direction, and driving of the bow thruster and the propeller is controlled based on a turning angle of the joystick lever along the z-axis to cause the ship to make a turn (see Patent Literature 1 (hereinafter, referred to as PTL 1)).
In addition, the ship includes a motor for driving the bow thruster, and the motor is connected to a bow-thruster remote controller. The bow-thruster remote controller includes left and right buttons. When the left or right button on the bow-thruster remote controller is pressed, a certain thrust is generated toward the left or the right of the ship.
Japanese Patent No. 4809794
In the ship having the above configuration, if an operator wishes to perform drive control with the thruster (bow thruster) and the propeller, the operator uses the joystick lever. Meanwhile, if the operator wishes to perform drive control with the thruster alone, the operator needs to use the controller (bow-thruster remote controller). Consequently, it is troublesome to handle the ship in some cases.
In order to deal with this, some aspects of the present invention have an object to provide: a ship handling device with which a thruster can be driven alone without a controller additionally provided; and a ship including the ship handling device.
A ship handling device according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a joystick lever configured to be inclined in a desired direction at a desired angle; and a ship handling control device configured to control driving of a forward-backward propeller that generates a thrust in a front-and-rear direction of a ship body and a thruster that generates a thrust in a left-and-right direction of the ship body, wherein the ship handling control device has a normal mode in which driving of the forward-backward propeller and the thruster is controlled according to an input signal from the joystick lever and a thruster single-driven mode in which driving of only the thruster is controlled according to an input signal from the joystick lever, and the ship handling control device is connected to a mode changing switch with which switchover between the normal mode and the thruster single-driven mode is performed.
The ship handling device according to the aspect of the present invention is preferably configured such that, in the thruster single-driven mode, the ship handling control device adjusts a thrust of the thruster based on an operation amount of the joystick lever.
The ship handling device according to the aspect of the present invention is preferably configured such that, in the thruster single-driven mode, the thruster handling control device does not drive the thruster in a case where the joystick lever is inclined in a direction that is not a thruster driven direction.
A ship according to an aspect of the present invention includes the ship handling device.
With the ship handling device according to the aspect of the present invention and the ship including the ship handling device, it is possible to drive the thruster alone with use of the joystick lever, which is used in a handling operation of the ship. Consequently, it is possible to save the space and to improve controllability of the ship.
First, with reference to
As illustrated in
The two engines 2 each generate driving power for rotating a corresponding one of the forward-backward propellers 4 on the port side and the starboard side. One of the engines 2 is disposed in a rear portion of the port side of the ship body 1, and the other of the engines 2 is disposed in a rear portion of the starboard side of the ship body 1. The engines 2 each have an output shaft to which a corresponding one of the switching clutches 3 is connected.
The two switching clutches 3 switch the driving power, transmitted from the output shafts of the engines 2, between a forward rotation direction and a reverse rotation direction, and output the resulting driving power. The switching clutches 3 each have an input side connected to a corresponding one of the output shafts 2 of the engines 2. The switching clutches 3 each have an output side connected to a corresponding one of the propeller shafts 4a. Thus, the switching clutches 3 are each configured to transmit the driving power from a corresponding one of the engines 2 to a corresponding one of the propeller shafts 4a.
The two forward-backward propellers 4 each generate a thrust in the front-and-rear direction of the ship body 1. The forward-backward propellers 4 are respectively connected to the two propeller shafts 4a extending to the outside of the ship through a port-side portion and a starboard-side portion of the bottom of the ship body 1. The forward-backward propellers 4 are rotated by the driving power transmitted thereto from the engines 2 via the propeller shafts 4a. Multiple blades arranged around a rotating shaft of each of the propeller shafts 4a rotate in water in the periphery, so that a thrust is generated.
The two rudders 5 change the direction of a water flow generated by the rotation of the forward-backward propellers 4. One of the rudders 5 is disposed at a rear end (stern side) of the port-side portion of the bottom of the ship 1 and in rear of a corresponding one of the forward-backward propellers 4. The other of the rudders 5 is disposed at a rear end (stern side) of the starboard-side portion of the bottom of the ship body 1 and in rear of a corresponding one of the forward-backward propellers 4. The rudders 5 are each capable of turning about its corresponding rotating shaft provided in the ship body 1, in a left-and-right direction within a predetermined angle range. The rudders 5 are interlockingly connected to the steering wheel 9. Thus, the rudders 5 are configured such that, when the steering wheel 9 is operated to cause rear ends of the rudders 5 to be directed to the right of the ship body 1, a thrust generated by the resulting water flow presses the stern of the ship 100 to the left, so that the bow of the ship 100 is directed to the right. Similarly, the rudders 5 are configured such that, when the steering wheel 9 is operated to cause the rear ends of the rudders 5 to be directed to the left of the ship 100, a thrust generated by the resulting water flow presses the stern of the ship 100 to the right, so that the bow of the ship 100 is directed to the left.
The thruster 6 generates a thrust in the left-and-right direction of the ship body 1. The thruster 6 is disposed in a location closer to the bow of the ship body 1 and in the center in the left-and-right direction. The thruster 6 includes a propeller 6a and a motor 6b. The motor 6b is connected to the joystick lever 10, and is rotatable at a desired rotation speed. The thruster 6 is configured to allow the propeller 6a to generate a thrust in the left-and-right direction of the ship body 1. The thruster 6 drives the motor 6b according to a signal from the joystick lever 10 to rotate the propeller 6a to generate a thrust having a desired magnitude and acting in the left-and-right direction. The motor 6b may be configured to be rotatable at a desired rotation speed.
The accelerator lever 8 included in the ship handling device 7 generates a signal for a rotation speed of the forward-backward propeller 4 on the port side, a signal for a rotation speed of the forward-backward propeller 4 on the starboard side, and signals for rotation directions of these forward-backward propellers 4. The accelerator lever 8 includes a lever for the forward-backward propeller 4 on the port side and a lever for the forward-backward propeller 4 on the starboard side. That is, the accelerator lever 8 is configured to independently generate a signal for the forward-backward propeller 4 on the port side and a signal for the forward-backward propeller 4 on the starboard side. The accelerator lever 8 is configured to be inclined at a desired angle in the front-and-rear direction of the ship 100. The accelerator lever 8 is configured to independently generate signals for rotation speeds of the engines 2 and signals for switching states of the switching clutches 3 corresponding to the engines 2, based on the operation direction and the operation amount. When the accelerator lever 8 is operated so that the accelerator lever 8 is inclined forward, the accelerator lever 8 generates signals for the forward-backward propellers 4 to generate a thrust for moving the ship 100 forward. Meanwhile, when the accelerator lever 8 is operated so that the accelerator lever 8 is inclined rearward, the accelerator lever 8 generates signals for the forward-backward propellers 4 to generate a thrust for moving the ship 100 backward.
The steering wheel 9 included in the ship handling device 7 is used to change turning angles of the rudders 5. The steering wheel 9 is interlockingly connected to the rudders 5 on the port side and on the starboard side via a wire link mechanism or a hydraulic circuit. When the steering wheel 9 is turned to the right, the rear ends of the rudders 5 are turned to be directed to the right. Consequently, a water flow generated by the forward-backward propellers 4 is directed to the right, so that the stern of the ship 100 is pressed to the left and accordingly the bow of the ship 100 is directed to the right. Similarly, when the steering wheel 9 is turned to the left, the rear ends of the rudders 5 are turned to be directed to the left. Consequently, a water flow generated by the forward-backward propellers 4 is directed to the left, so that the stern of the ship 100 is pressed to the right and accordingly the bow of the ship 100 is directed to the left.
As illustrated in
The joystick lever 10 is provided with a switch 10a and a change switch 10b. The switch 10a is used to perform various settings, such as changing an operation sensitivity of the joystick lever 10 by changing, e.g., engine speeds of the engines 2 in response to a predetermined operation amount and an initial setting (calibration) for lateral movement, oblique movement, and turning of the ship 100. The change switch 10b is used to enable or disable an operation of the joystick lever 10. In addition, the joystick lever 10 may be provided with a dynamic positioning control switch for giving an instruction to start dynamic positioning control.
The GPS device 13 included in the ship handling device 7 measures (calculates) positional coordinates of the ship 100. The GPS device 13 receives signals from a plurality of GPS satellites, calculates positional coordinates of the ship 100, and outputs a latitude La (n) and a longitude Lo (n) representing the current position. That is, the GPS device 13 calculates absolute values of the positional coordinates of the ship 100.
The heading sensor 14 that is an orientation sensor included in the ship handling device 7 measures (calculates) a direction of the ship 100. The heading sensor 14 calculates an orientation of the bow of the ship 100 from the Earth's magnetic field. That is, the heading sensor 14 calculates an absolute orientation of the bow of the ship 100. The heading sensor 14 may be a satellite compass (Registered Trademark) that calculates the orientation with use of the GPS device 13.
The voltage sensor 17 included in the ship handling device 7 is used to detect a voltage for driving the motor 6b in the thruster 6.
The temperature sensor 18 included in the ship handling device 7 is used to detect a temperature of the motor 6b in the thruster 6.
As illustrated in
Each of the ECUs 16 is connected to components of a corresponding one of the engines 2, such as a fuel adjustment valve of a fuel supply pump, a fuel injection valve, and various sensors (these components are not illustrated). The ECU 16 is capable of controlling an amount supplied from the fuel adjustment valve and opening/closing of the fuel injection valve, and is also capable of obtaining information detected by various sensors.
The ship handling control device 15 included in the ship handling device 7 controls the engines 2, the switching clutches 3, and the thruster 6 based on signals detected from, e.g., the accelerator lever 8, the steering wheel 9, and the joystick lever 10. The ship handling control device 15 may be configured to be capable of performing so-called automatic navigation that enables automatic handling of the ship along a route calculated from the current position and the preset destination based on the information from the GPS device 13.
In the ship handling control device 15, various programs and data for controlling the engines 2, the switching clutches 3, and the thruster 6 are stored. The ship handling control device 15 may have a configuration in which a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an HDD, and/or the like are connected to each other via a bus, or may have a configuration including a single-chip LSI and/or the like.
The ship handling control device 15 is connected to the switching clutches 3 and the ECUs 16 of the engines 2, and can obtain information indicative of states of the switching clutches 3, information indicative of operation states of the engines 2, information indicative of rotation speeds N that the ECUs 16 obtain from various sensors, and various signals that the ECUs 16 obtain from various sensors.
The ship handling control device 15 can transmit, to the switching clutches 3, signals for changing (switching) clutch states.
The ship handling control device 15 can transmit, to the ECUs 16, signals for controlling the fuel adjustment valves of the fuel supply pumps, the fuel injection valves, and other various devices of the engines 2.
The ship handling control device 15 is connected to the accelerator lever 8 and the joystick lever 10, so that the ship handling control device 15 can obtain signals from the acceleration lever 8 and the joystick lever 10.
The ship handling control device 15 is connected to the GPS device 13 and the heading sensor 14, so that the ship handling control device 15 can obtain absolute coordinates and an absolute orientation of the ship 100.
The ship handling control device 15 is connected to the monitor 12, so that the current position of the ship 100 and/or the ship handling state achieved with the joystick lever 10 can be displayed.
The ship handling control device 15 is connected to a warning device 19 that is a notification means. If a voltage for driving the thruster 6 is lower than a predetermined threshold or if a temperature of the motor 6b included in the thruster 6 is higher than a predetermined threshold, the warning device 19 can notify an operator of it.
The ship handling control device 15 is connected to a mode changing switch 20. The mode changing switch 20 can perform switchover between a normal mode in which the engines 2 and the thruster 6 are driven according to an input signal from the joystick lever 10 and a thruster single-driven mode in which the thruster 6 is driven alone according to an input signal from the joystick lever 10.
Next, the following will describe drive control for the ship 100 that is performed by the ship handling control device 15 according to an operation with the joystick lever 10.
The ship handling control device 15 has, as a drive control mode, a normal mode in which driving of the forward-backward propellers 4 and the thruster 6 is controlled according to an input signal from the joystick lever 10 and a thruster single-driven mode in which driving of only the thruster 6 is controlled according to an input signal from the joystick lever 10. The ship handling control device 15 is connected to a mode changing switch 20 with which switchover between the normal mode and the thruster single-driven mode is performed. The ship handling control device 15 can recognize on/off switching of the mode changing switch 20. The mode changing switch 20 is configured such that the thruster single-driven mode is selected when the mode changing switch 20 is turned on and the normal mode is selected when the mode changing switch 20 is turned off.
The mode changing switch 20 is constituted by a tactile switch 20a that is a push switch and a display that is made of a light-emitting diode (LED) 20b disposed in an edge of the tactile switch 20a. When the tactile switch 20a is pressed, the LED 20b is turned on and the mode changing switch 20 is turned on. When the tactile switch 20a is pressed again, the LED 20b is turned off and the mode changing switch is turned off. The LED 20b is disposed in the edge of the tactile switch 20a. However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. Alternatively, for example, the LED 20b may be disposed near the tactile switch 20a or near the monitor 12. The mode changing switch 20 may be an on-off switch.
The tactile switch 20a, which is included in the mode changing switch 20, is disposed near the joystick lever 10. However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. The tactile switch 20a may alternatively be a switch disposed on a seat of the joystick lever 10. Further alternatively, the tactile switch 20a may be another one displayed on the monitor 12 of touch panel type, for example.
The following will describe drive control for the ship 100 that is performed according to an operation with the joystick lever 10 in the normal mode.
During the normal mode of the ship handling control device 15, when the joystick lever 10 is operated so that the joystick lever 10 is inclined in a desired direction, the joystick lever 10 generates signals for the forward-backward propellers 4 on both sides and the thruster 6 to cause the ship 100 to move in a direction corresponding to the operation with a thrust corresponding to the operation amount. When the joystick lever 10 is operated so that the joystick lever 10 turns about the lever axis, the joystick lever 10 generates signals for the forward-backward propellers 4 on both sides and the thruster 6 to cause the ship 100 to turn in a desired direction with a thrust corresponding to the operation amount.
With reference to
During the thruster single-driven mode, when the joystick lever 10 is operated so that the joystick lever 10 is inclined in a thruster driven direction, a thrust of a desired magnitude is generated toward the left or the right of the ship 100. The thruster driven direction refers to, among desired directions of the joystick lever 10, a direction in which the thruster 6 is driven alone. In the present embodiment, the thruster driven direction is the left-and-right direction. Specifically, when the joystick lever 10 is inclined to the right, a thrust is generated toward the right of the ship 100 (see
For the thruster driven direction, a thruster driven zone, which corresponds to a predetermined angle range relative to the left-and-right direction of the joystick lever 10, is set so that the thruster 6 can be driven even when the joystick lever 10 is operated to a position deviated from a right lateral direction (left-and-right direction) within a predetermined range. The thruster driven zone is set so that it corresponds to a predetermined angle range relative to a line extending in the left-and-right direction from a neutral position of the joystick lever 10 in a plan view of the joystick lever 10. For example, in the present embodiment, the thruster driven zone is set to be ±45 degrees relative to the line extending in the left-and-right direction (see the shaded sections in
With the thruster driven zone that is set as described above, during the thruster single-driven mode, it is possible to easily drive the thruster 6 alone even by an operation input made with the joystick lever 10 in a direction that is not the right lateral direction. Consequently, the controllability of the ship 100 can be improved.
With reference to
The operation amount of the joystick lever 10 refers to an inclination angle θ at which the joystick lever 10 is inclined from the neutral position. During the thruster single-driven mode, the ship handling control device 15 controls driving of the motor 6b in the thruster 6 based on the operation amount of the joystick lever 10, that is, the inclination angle θ, to generate a thrust of a desired magnitude. The operation amount of the joystick lever 10 is substantially proportional to a period of time taken for the motor 6b to start driving. Specifically, when the operation amount of the joystick lever 10 is small, i.e., when the inclination angle is small, the period of time taken for the motor 6b to start driving is adjusted to shorten a period in which the motor 6b is driven, thereby generating a small thrust. Meanwhile, when the operation amount of the joystick lever 10 is large, i.e., when the inclination angle is large, the period of time taken for the motor 6b to start driving is adjusted to increase a period in which the motor 6b is driven, thereby generating a large thrust.
In the above-described manner, it is possible to adjust a thrust generated in the left-and-right direction of the ship 100, based on the operation amount of the joystick lever 10. Accordingly, the ship 100 can cruise with fine adjustment. Consequently, the controllability of the ship 100 can be improved. For example, when the ship 100 is to leave from a mooring such as the coast, adjustment as below is possible. That is, while the ship 100 is close to the coast, the operation amount of the joystick lever 10 may be reduced so that the ship 100 can move away from the coast safely. Meanwhile, while the ship 100 is moving away from the coast, the operation amount of the joystick lever 10 may be increased so that the ship 100 can cruise at a higher speed.
In addition, when the ship 100 is to leave from or arrive at the coast, the bow of the ship 100 might be deviated from a desired position due to an effect given by, e.g., strong wind and/or waves during a work, such as a mooring work, that is necessary to be performed at a position close to the coast. In such a case, the orientation of the bow of the ship can be easily corrected with the joystick lever 10 that the operator is accustomed to use. Consequently, the controllability of the ship 100 can be improved.
As described above, the ship handling control device 15 enables to drive the thruster 6 alone according to an operation with the joystick lever 10, which is used to perform a handling operation of the ship 100. This configuration does not need an additional component such as a thruster controller. Consequently, the space can be saved. In addition, the ship handling tool included in this configuration is only the joystick lever 10. This can improve the controllability of the ship 100.
The motor 6b in the thruster 6 is configured to be rotatable at a desired rotation speed. Consequently, it is possible to directly adjust the number of revolution of the motor 6b based on the inclination angle θ of the joystick lever 10.
With reference to
In step S1, the ship handling control device 15 determines whether or not the mode changing switch 20 is off. If the mode changing switch 20 is determined to be off (normal mode), the process advances to step S2. If the mode changing switch 20 is determined not to be off, that is, if the mode changing switch 20 is determined to be on (thruster single-driven mode), the process advances to step S10.
In step S2, the ship handling control device 15 obtains signals for an inclination direction, an operation amount, and a turning amount of the joystick lever 10. Then, the process advances to step S3.
In step S3, drive control for the forward-backward propellers 4, switching states of the switching clutches 3, the rudders 5, and the thruster 6 is performed based on the inclination direction, the operation amount, and the turning amount of the joystick lever 10. Specifically, in order to perform turning control, the ship handling control device 15 controls thrusts of the forward-backward propellers 4, switching states of the switching clutches 3, the rudders 5, and a thrust and a rotation direction of the thruster 6 in the ship 100, based on a target turning amount calculated. Meanwhile, in order to perform moving control, the ship handling control device 15 controls thrusts of the forward-backward propellers 4, switching states of the switching clutches 3, the rudders 5, and a thrust and a rotation direction of the thruster 6 in the ship 100, based on a target moving amount and a target moving direction calculated.
With reference to
In step S1, if the mode changing switch 20 is determined not to be off, that is, if the mode changing switch 20 is determined to be on (thruster single-driven mode), the process advances to step S10. When the thruster single-driven control is started in step S10, the process advances to step S11. When step S10 is ended, the process returns to step S1.
In step S11, the ship handling control device 15 obtains signals regarding an inclination direction, an operation amount, and a turning amount of the joystick lever 10. Then, the process advances to step S12.
In step S12, the ship handling control device 15 determines whether or not the inclination direction of the joystick lever 10 coincides with the thruster driven direction. If the inclination direction of the joystick lever 10 is determined to coincide with the thruster driven direction, the process advances to step S13. If the inclination direction of the joystick lever 10 is determined not to coincide with the thruster driven direction, the process advances to step S14.
In step S13, a rotation direction and a thrust of the thruster 6 are controlled based on the inclination direction and the operation amount of the joystick lever 10. Then, the process advances to step S15.
In step S14, the thruster 6 is not driven, and the process advances to step S15.
In step S15, it is determined whether or not the mode changing switch 20 is off. If the mode changing switch 20 is determined to be off, the thruster single-driven mode is ended and the process returns to the start point of the drive control (see
In step S14, drive control for the forward-backward propellers 4, switching states of the switching clutches 3, the rudders 5, and the thruster 6 may be performed based on the inclination direction, the operation amount, and the turning amount of the joystick lever 10. That is, the ship handling control device 15 may be configured to perform, in step 14, drive control that is the same as the drive control in the normal mode. In order to drive the thruster 6 alone after the drive control that is same as the drive control in the normal mode has been performed, the joystick lever 10 may be returned to the neutral position and then be inclined in the thruster driven direction.
According to the above-described configuration, by operating the joystick lever 10 so that the joystick lever 10 is inclined in a direction that is not the thruster driven direction in the thruster single-driven mode, it is possible to cause the ship 100 to move in a direction corresponding to the direction in which the joystick lever 10 is inclined. Thus, for example, even in a dangerous situation that an obstacle or the like is about to collide against the ship body 1, it is possible to allow the ship 100 to avoid the obstacle or the like by quickly operating the joystick lever 10 so that the joystick lever 10 is inclined in a direction for avoidance. Consequently, even in the thruster driven mode, the ship can cruise safely, and the controllability of the ship 100 can be improved.
With reference to
The voltage sensor 17 detects a voltage for driving the motor 6b in the thruster 6. The ship handling control device 15 is configured such that, if a value detected by the voltage sensor 17 is lower than a predetermined value, the warning device 19 notifies the operator of it. The predetermined value is a value that is set to be higher by a desired value than a voltage value at which the motor 6b in the thruster 6 is stopped.
As described above, if a value detected by the voltage sensor 17 is lower than the predetermined value, the warning device 19 notifies the operator of it. Therefore, the operator can be notified of the voltage drop in the motor 6b before the motor 6b is stopped due to the voltage drop. When the operator is notified of the voltage drop by the warning device 19, the operator can prevent or reduce the voltage drop in the thruster 6, e.g., by charging a battery of the thruster 6 or by stopping or minimizing continuous use of the thruster 6. Consequently, it is possible to prevent or reduce the possibility of a dangerous situation in which the thruster 6 cannot be driven.
Note that a remaining level of a battery capacity of the motor 6b can be displayed on the monitor 12 based on a value detected by the voltage sensor 17. From the remaining level of the battery capacity displayed on the monitor 12, the operator can know, at any time, a period of time in which the thruster 6 can be driven. Consequently, the ship can cruise according to a schedule.
With reference to
The temperature sensor 18 detects a temperature of the motor 6b in the thruster 6. The ship handling control device 15 is configured such that, if a value detected by the temperature sensor 18 is higher than a predetermined value, the warning device 19 notifies the operator of it. The predetermined value is a value that is set to be lower by a desired value than a temperature value at which the motor 6b in the thruster 6 is stopped due to overheating.
As described above, if the value detected by the temperature sensor 18 is higher than the predetermined value, the warning device 19 notifies the operator of it. Therefore, it is possible to notify the operator of the temperature increase in the motor 6b before the motor 6b is stopped due to overheating. When the operator is notified of the temperature increase by the warning device 19, the operator can prevent or reduce the possibility of overheating of the thruster 6, e.g., by stopping or minimizing continuous use of the thruster 6. Consequently, it is possible to prevent or reduce the possibility of unintentional behavior of the ship 100 caused by overheating. In addition, as compared with a case where the motor 6b is overheated, it is possible to shorten a period of time required to start driving the thruster 6 again. Consequently, the controllability of the ship 100 can be improved.
The present invention is applicable to a ship handling device and ships including the ship handling device.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-007491 | Jan 2016 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2016/071339 | 7/21/2016 | WO | 00 |
