TECHNICAL FIELD
The present disclosure relates to a shoring system for use in construction and to components thereof. In particular, the present disclosure relates to several components included in an improved shoring system and/or beam assembly for use in building construction.
BACKGROUND
Shoring systems are often used during the construction of concrete buildings. The process of shoring includes utilizing a temporary structure for supporting a building floor or other structure during intermediate phases of the construction process. For example, one method of shoring includes utilizing vertical supports (or “shores”) for securing a set of temporary floor panels in place. The temporary floor panels provide support for poured concrete until the concrete hardens and achieves sufficient strength to form a permanent reinforced floor. In some cases, once the concrete of the permanent floor stabilizes, the shoring system is removed and moved up a level for use during formation of a subsequent (higher) floor of the building.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The examples described in this disclosure can be better understood with reference to the following drawings and description. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale.
FIG. 1 is an illustration showing a perspective view of a shoring system for use during building construction utilizing concrete flooring in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is an illustration showing a perspective view of a drophead for use in a shoring system in a raised position in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 is an illustration showing an additional perspective view of the drophead shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is an illustration showing a side view of the drophead shown in FIG. 2 in a different configuration in which a slide plate is displaced for releasing a load plate, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 5 is an illustration showing a side view of the drophead of FIG. 2 in a different configuration where the load plate has moved vertically downward in response to movement of the slide plate in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 6A is an illustration showing a perspective view of a second example of a drophead engaged with three main beams and a secondary beam in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 6B is an illustration of the drophead in FIG. 6A and with the main beams and secondary beam omitted from the illustration.
FIG. 6C is an illustration of the drop head in FIG. 6C with an upper portion depicted transparently in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 7 is an illustration showing a top plan view of a load plate and underlying slide plate in a “locked” orientation in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 8 is an illustration showing a top perspective view of the load plate and slide plate depicted in FIG. 7.
FIG. 9 is an illustration showing a front view of the load plate and slide plate depicted in FIG. 7.
FIG. 10 is an illustration showing a bottom perspective view of a load plate and a slide plate disassembled, the load plate having grooves for receiving runners of the slide plate and having wedges for securing the load plate relative to other parts of the drophead, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 11 is an illustration showing a perspective view of the load plate and the slide plate disassembled, in which the load plate and the slide plate are flipped upside down relative to the view in FIG. 10, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 12 is an illustration showing a top view of the load plate and slide plate depicted in FIG. 7 in an “unlocked” or “dropped” orientation in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 13 is an illustration showing a top perspective view of the load plate and the slide plate depicted in the orientation of FIG. 12.
FIG. 14 is an illustration showing a bottom perspective view of the load plate and the slide plate depicted in the orientation of FIG. 12.
FIG. 15 is an illustration showing a perspective view of a drophead that includes the load plate and the slide plate depicted in the orientation of FIG. 12 and the load plate positioned lower than in FIG. 6B, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 16A is an upper perspective view of another drophead, in accordance with examples of the present disclosure.
FIG. 16B depicts some elements of the drophead of FIG. 16A partially exploded, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 16C depicts a lower perspective view of a load plate and slide plate of the drophead of FIGS. 16A and 16B, in accordance with examples of the present disclosure.
FIG. 16D depicts an exploded view of a load plate, slide plate, and upper portion of the drophead of FIGS. 16A and 16B, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 16E depicts the drophead of FIGS. 16A and 16B connected to beams, including a main beam and secondary beams, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 17 depicts a main beam and the drophead of FIG. 16A, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 18 depicts secondary beams and the drophead of FIG. 16A, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 19 depicts multiple secondary beams attached to a main beam, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 20 depicts a cross section according to 20-20 identified in FIG. 19, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIGS. 20A-20D depict side elevation views of a secondary beam at different stages of being attached to main beams, in accordance with examples of the disclosure.
FIG. 21 depicts multiple panels supported by main beams, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 22 depicts a cross section according to 22-22 identified in FIG. 21, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIGS. 23 and 24 depict parts of a panel, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIGS. 25A and 25C depicts a main beam with a nailstrip, according to examples of this disclosure.
FIG. 25B depicts a secondary beam with a nailstrip, according to examples of this disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Various aspects are described below with reference to the.![text missing or illegible when filed]()
The relationship and functioning of the various elements of the aspects may be better understood by reference to the following detailed description. However, aspects are not limited to those illustrated in the drawings or explicitly described below. It also should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and in certain instances details may have been omitted that are not necessary for an understanding of aspects disclosed herein, such as conventional fabrication and assembly.
FIG. 1 shows a general overview of a shoring system 100 for use during building construction, particularly construction of a building structurally-dependent on concrete or reinforced concrete floors. In particular, the shoring system 100 may include a plurality of generally-vertical shores 102 that primarily function to support a concrete-receiving floor structure for receiving poured or pumped concrete, hereafter referred to as “the temporary floor structure 104.” For purpose of illustration and description, the shoring system 100 is shown as being located generally between an existing concrete lower floor 106 and an in-progress upper floor (having concrete not yet poured in the state depicted by FIG. 1). In other words, once poured, the concrete of the upper floor will exist on top of the temporary floor structure 104 of FIG. 1.
The shores 102 may be formed with lightweight aluminum, for example, and may be moveable as needed via human workers such that the support of the temporary floor structure 104 is customizable to its particular needs. Optionally, certain shores 102 may be supported by tripods 108, foot plates 113, or other floor-contacting devices that engage the lower floor 106 within the construction area. While it is typically desirable for the shores 102 to operate in a vertical orientation, the shores 102 may optionally be angled (as shown by shore 102a) to accommodate overhangs of the upper floor, to navigate obstacles, etc. Optionally, the shores 102 may have telescoping components and/or otherwise may have an adjustable length.
The top of each shore 102 may be coupled to a drophead 110 (discussed in more detail below), which may form connection points of a beam assembly 140 for supporting the temporary floor structure 104. While any number of beam types may be included, the depicted shoring system 100 primarily includes a set of main beams 112 and a set of secondary beams 114. The main beams 112 shown in FIG. 1 generally extend in a first direction (parallel to the horizontal x-axis), are generally parallel to each other, and each main beam 112 extends from one drophead 110 to another. By contrast, the secondary beams 114 shown in FIG. 1 generally extend in a second direction (being perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the horizontal y-axis), are generally parallel to each other, and extend either between dropheads 110 or between main beams 112. Exceptions to these rules may often apply, such as when angled walls are created (e.g., calling for non-parallel main beams 112 or secondary beams 114), when cantilevers 116 are needed, etc. Thus, the shoring system 100, including the beams themselves, may include a high degree of maneuverability/flexibility for tailoring the support structure to unique, custom floorplans. Certain features of the beams, including features providing such maneuverability, are discussed in more detail below. Further, when required, separate components may further enhance the structural integrity of the beam assembly 140, including column locks, braces (including braces 118 between shores 102), smaller third beams 120, wall fixtures 122, and/or any other suitable structure-enhancement component may be included. Advantageously, the beam assembly 140 may be capable of accommodating vertical concrete supports 124, vertical walls 126, angled walls 128, floor openings, etc.
A set of panels 130 may rest upon the beam assembly 140. The panels 130 may include any suitable planar-shaped body for forming a top surface 132 of the temporary floor structure 104. In the depicted example of FIG. 1, the panels 130 are uniform in size such that each of the panels 130 has approximately the same dimensions. Optionally, panels of different sizes, shapes, and/or other dimensions to be included (e.g., such that appropriate panel sizes may be selected in particular floor locations). The panels 130 may be manufactured with certain features specifically designed for simple, efficient, and structurally-sound attachment to a beam assembly 140, which may provide the underlying support for the temporary floor structure 104 and the concrete poured on top of it.
In addition to the panels 130, other portions of the temporary floor structure 104 may be formed with one or more sheets of plywood 136 and/or another suitable, shapeable panel of material capable of receiving concrete. For example, plywood 136 may be cut-to-size and cut-to-shape at the construction site, as needed. This allows for a custom floor design that accounts for irregularly-shaped locations, gaps, or other floor portions that the standard panels 130 cannot cover without modification. In other words, the shoring system 100 may accommodate the uniform panels 130, which are advantageous for their reusability, quick-connection capability, light weight, etc., while also accommodating easily-customizable plywood 136. Thus, the shoring system 100 has certain features (as discussed below) that ensure the top surfaces of the panels 130 are flush with the top surfaces of the plywood 136 once temporary floor assembly is complete, even where the panels 130 have a different thickness from the plywood 136.
While the components of the shoring system 100 may be installed in any suitable order, the order may typically be as follows. First, one or more shores 102 are set in place with tripods 108, thereby ensuring stability prior to placement of the first beam. Next, a main beam 112 may be raised into position and coupled between dropheads 110 at least one of the shores 102 previously placed. Notably, the main beams 112 may be lifted into place via human lifting by angling the shores 102 as the beams are raised (e.g., see shore 102b in FIG. 1, which is utilized to lift the main beam 112b). The ability for shore 102b to telescope or otherwise elongate may significantly simplify this step and provide a means for beam leveling. Once some main beams 112 are in place, the secondary beams 114 are then typically installed as cross-support members extending from one main beam 112 to another main beam 112, and/or from one drophead 110 to another (and it is contemplated that a secondary beam 114 could extend from a drophead 110 on one end to a main beam 112 on its other end). Next, further braces and/or other structural components may be installed to ensure sufficiency of the beam assembly 140. Finally, the panels 130 and/or plywood 136 may be placed on top of the beam assembly 140 to achieve a pour-ready surface on top of the temporary floor structure 104 for receiving a new concrete layer. After the concrete is stable, the shoring system 100 may be disassembled, moved on top of the new floor just poured, and the shoring process may begin again.
An example of a drophead 110a is shown in isolation in FIGS. 2-5, and the drophead 110a is an example of a drophead that can be used in association with the shoring system 100. For example, the drophead 110a can be coupled to an upper end of a shoring post (e.g., one of the shoring posts 102) and/or to a beam (e.g., a main beam 112, a secondary beam 114, etc.). The drophead 110a can operate in various manners and serve various functions in association with the system 100. For example, the drophead 110a can provide a point of connection between a shore and one or more beams of the system 100. In addition, the drophead 110a can provide a point of connection between beams of the system 100. Furthermore, portions of the drophead 110a that support the beams of the system 100 can selectively raise and lower in order to assist with uninstalling and removing the shoring system 100 after a slab above the shoring system (e.g., formed on the surface 132) has sufficiently cured.
Referring to FIGS. 2-5, the drophead 110a can include a base plate or lower plate 142 for attachment to the upper terminal end of a shoring post. For example, the lower plate 142 may include or more through-holes 145 for a bolt-on connection and/or another securement device that also engages a top portion of a shore 102. The lower plate 142 may also include a set of cutouts 147 may be included to save weight, make way for other components, and provide stacking benefits. While not shown, it is alternatively contemplated that a drophead may be built into a shore in an integral manner (e.g., such that the drophead is a portion of the shore itself), but this option is not depicted. In addition, the lower plate 142 can, in some cases, be coupled to the top end of a shore 102 via a clip.
In examples, the drophead 110a can include a central shaft 144 that extends from the base plate 142 and connects the base plate 142 to a head portion 146. The head portion 146 of the drophead 110 may be included with features for interaction with beams of the beam assembly 140, as discussed below. Further, a top surface 210 of the head portion 146 may support the underside of the above-described panels 130 or plywood 136. Additionally or alternatively, the top surface 210 of the head portion 146 may be formed by a cap and/or other uniform structure that is flush with the panels 130 (or plywood 136) and forms a top surface of the temporary floor structure 104.
In examples, the drophead 110a includes a load plate 148 configured to connect to, and support, an end of a beam, such as a main beam, secondary beam, or other beam. In addition, as described in other parts of this disclosure, the drophead 110a, including the load plate 148 is configured to selectively raise and lower (e.g. “drop”) relative to the central shaft 144. For example, it may be desirable for the load plate 148 to “drop” upon selective actuation, thereby lowering or releasing a terminal end of one or more of the beams that are connected to and supported by the load plate 148. In at least some examples, the selective actuation can be executed by moving a slide plate 172 underneath the load plate 148, such as in the direction indicated by arrow “A,” which can unlock the load plate 148 and the slide plate 172 from engagement with the central shaft 144 and enable the load plate 148 and the slide plate 172 to vertically adjust towards the base plate 142 (based on the positions shown in FIGS. 2 and 3).
In some examples, the ability to selectively actuate the load plate 148 (e.g., for vertical adjustment) can significantly lessen the burden of disassembly for the construction workers, particularly since it can be difficult or challenging to move the beam assembly 140 vertically out of engagement with the load plate 148 once concrete is poured, and thus disassembly almost necessarily must involve lowering the load plate 148. However, while this “dropping” of the load plate 148 is desirable upon actuation, it is also important that the load plate 148 is capable of retaining its relatively higher position shown in FIGS. 2-3 when the drophead 110a is in a locked state.
Referring to FIGS. 2-5, the load plate 148 an include various features for engagement with the beams. For example, the load plate 148 can be generally rectangular (e.g., square) in shape, and one side may be a mirror-image of the opposite side. For example, a first side 150 of the load plate 148 may be a mirror of a third side 154, and a second side 152 of the load plate 148 may be a mirror of a fourth side 156. Optionally (but not in this embodiment), all four sides may be substantially the same, particularly when beams associated with the four sides of the bracket are similarly designed.
In the depicted design, the first side 150 is generally configured (e.g., sized and shaped) for receiving the end of a main beam 112. In particular, a vertical tab 158 of the load plate 148 may be sized for receipt within a cavity of the main beam 112, as discussed in more detail below. Similarly, the third side 154 may be generally configured for receipt of a main beam 112.
The second side 152 and the fourth side 156 include different features capable of receiving a secondary beam 114. For instance, rather than the tab 158, the second side 152 and the fourth side 156 each include a fin 160 that extends upward with a slightly different structure. Notably, in this description, it shall be recognized that “tab” and “fin” are distinctly used to simplify differentiation between components labeled in the figures, but that these terms may be used interchangeably in other contexts (e.g., the claims of this application). The fins 160 may include a concavely-curved or angled surface 162, which may generally slope towards a cavity or slot 164 (where the slot 164 may provide manufacturing advantages. The fins 160 may extend between a set of endstops 165, which may be included to prevent side-to-side movement of beams, for example (discussed further below).
Even when different, the first side 150 and the second side 152 (as well as third side 154 and fourth side 156) of the load plate 148 may have certain dimensional similarities. For example, it is contemplated that the tab 158 may have a width 166 that is approximately equal to a width 168 defined by the distance between the outer faces 250 of the endstops 164. This may be advantageous such that an end of a main beam 112 can engage the first side 150 and the second side 152 in a similar way (which enhances the flexibility of the shoring system's beam assembly). Additionally or alternatively, a height, defined as the degree of extension in the z-axis direction from a top surface 170 of the load plate 148, may be similar with the tab 158 and the fin 160 and/or endstops 164. Finally, in some examples, the inner-facing surfaces of either component can be angled to manipulate a beam into a correct position during engagement (discussed below), such as the tab 158 and the fin 160 and/or endstops 164.
As mentioned above, the load plate 148 may be configured to move vertically along a central shaft 144 of the drophead 110 in certain embodiments. For example, it may be desirable for the load plate 148 to “drop” upon selective actuation, thereby releasing from engagement with beam assembly 140. This feature may significantly lessen the burden of disassembly for the construction workers, particularly since it is difficult or impossible to move the beam assembly 140 vertically out of engagement with the load plate 148 once concrete is poured, and thus disassembly almost necessarily must involve lowering the load plate 148. However, while this “dropping” of the load plate 148 is desirable upon actuation, it is also important that the load plate 148 is capable of retaining its relatively higher position shown in FIGS. 2-3 when the drophead 110 is in a locked state.
In at least some examples, the slide plate 172 is slidable in the direction indicated by arrow “A” in FIGS. 2 and 3. For example, the slide plate 172 can include one or more impact knobs 174 (e.g., four impact knobs) that provide a contact surface for striking the slide plate 172 (e.g., with a hammer, mallet, or other tool or instrument) to move the slide plate in the direction of arrow “A.”
In examples, FIG. 4 depicts the drophead 110a after the slide plate 172 has been slid in the direction of arrow A (FIGS. 2 and 3), and at this point, the load plate 148 be less impeded from moving vertically downward relative to the central post or central shaft 144. That is, the slide plate 172 may be slid to a position in which it no longer interferes with the central post 144 (as will be described in more detail below), such that both the slide plate 172 and the load plate 148 can move vertically relatively to the center shaft 144. As such, the load plate 148 and the slide plate 172 can move vertically back and forth between the position depicted in FIGS. 4 and 5. In order to lock the slide plate 172 and the load plate 148 relative to the shaft, the slide plate 172 can be slide in the direction of arrow “B” in FIG. 4, at which time the slide plate 172 engages a projecting surface 143 (e.g., a shelf or catch or ramp) on the center shaft 144.
In some examples, the drophead 110a, and specifically the load plate 148, can include a corner cutout 204 (FIG. 2) corresponding (e.g., in size and shape) with the impact knob 174, where the corner cutout 204 interrupts a full square or rectangular-body shape of the load plate 148. Further, a lower face 206 (FIG. 4) of the fin 160 may be slanted away from the impact knob 174 in a way substantially matching a similar angled surface 208 (FIG. 4) of the impact knob 174, to provide sufficient space for the impact knob 174 to move into its released position (and also preventing overshot). These respective faces may also form a “stop” surface of abutment to prevent the slide plate 172 from overshooting upon an exceptionally large actuation impact.
As mentioned above, the drophead 110a can provide a point of connection between a shore and one or more beams of the system 100; can provide a point of connection between beams of the system 100; and portions of the drophead 110a that support the beams of the system 100 can selectively raise and lower in order to assist with uninstalling and removing the shoring system 100 after a slab above the shoring system (e.g., formed on the surface 132) has sufficiently cured. The drophead 110a is an example of a drophead an accordance with examples of this disclosure. Referring to FIGS. 6A-6C and 7-15, another example drophead 110b is depicted.
In FIG. 6A, the drophead 110b is depicted in accordance with the present disclosure, and the drophead 110b includes at least some elements that are similar to the drophead 110b. For example, the drophead 110b may generally operate to provide a point-of-connection between the shores 102 (absent from FIG. 6A) and beams (e.g., 112 and 114) of a beam assembly (e.g., 140). More particularly, the drophead 110b may include a moveable load plate 148b for directly engaging and supporting one or more beams of the beam assembly, and a slide plate 172b may slide underneath the load plate 148b to lock or unlock the load plate 148b from vertically moving relative to the shaft 144.
FIGS. 6B and 6C provide views that are similar to FIG. 6A, and in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the drophead 110b is shown in isolation. In addition, in FIG. 6C, the upper portion of the drophead 110b is illustrated transparently to reveal at least some elements associated with the load plate 148b and the slide plate 172b. In some examples, the slide plate 172b includes an impact projection 176 that is different from the knobs 174 of the drophead 110a.
FIGS. 7-14 include several views of components that facilitate the selective dropping capability of the load plate 148b. Although there may be some differences between the drophead 110a and the drophead 110b, such as between the impact knobs 174 and the impact projection 176, the explanation with regards to FIGS. 7-14 can apply to the embodiment of FIGS. 2-5 (and vice versa) where compatible. When referring to FIGS. 7-14, it should be noted that FIGS. 7-9 involve a “locked” state of the drophead 110 corresponding to FIGS. 2-3, and FIGS. 12-14 involve a “dropped” state corresponding to FIG. 5 or a “released” state of FIG. 4 (where actuation for dropping has occurred but vertical movement of the load plate 148 has not yet happened).
Referring now to FIGS. 6A-6B and 7-14, the slide plate 172b may be installed beneath the load plate 148b, and FIG. 10 in particular shows a lower perspective view of the slide plate 172b relative to the load plate 148b. Functionally, the slide plate 172b may operate as the “trigger” for dropping, as the slide plate's position along the y-axis determines whether or not the load plate 148b is fixed to the central shaft 144 of the drophead 110b or whether the load plate 148b is displaceable vertically (z-axis) along the central shaft 144. In particular, the slide plate 172b may be slidable relative to the load plate 148b upon receipt of an input force directed on an impact projection 176 of the slide plate 172b (or impact knob 174 as shown in FIGS. 2-5).
In some examples, the slide plate 172b may have one or more runners 178 that fit within one or more slots or grooves 180 of the load plate 148b. In the depicted example, the engagement between the runners 178 and the grooves 180 prevents relative movement in two directions (e.g., in the x-axis and z-axis directions) but allows linear horizontal movement along the y-axis.
The load plate 148b may remain substantially fixed from horizontal movement relative to the central shaft 144 (FIG. 15) of the drophead 110. Thus, when the slide plate 172b slides horizontally relative to the load plate 148b it also moves horizontally relative to the central shaft 144. Importantly, the slide plate 172b may also have a keyhole 182 or other opening feature that at least partially overlaps a central opening 184 of the load plate 148b. When horizontal movement of the slide plate 172b happens, the degree of overlap between the keyhole 182 and the central opening 184 of the load plate 148b change. When an appropriate degree of overlap/extensiveness of the keyhole 182 and the opening 184 occur, the resulting common portion of the openings may completely surround the outer perimeter of the central shaft 144, thereby allowing the load plate 148b (and slide plate 172b) to slide vertically along the central shaft 144.
To illustrate this feature further, FIGS. 7-9 show a “locked” state (where the slide plate 172b is in a locked position) and FIGS. 12-14 show a “released” state (where the slide plate 172b has moved horizontally, thereby selectively unlocking the slide plate 172b and the load plate 148b from the central shaft 144 for vertical displacement). In the depicted embodiment, the central opening 184 of the load plate 148b includes a circular portion 186 and two chamfered rectangular side portions 188. This inner contour may generally match, and perhaps extend beyond, an outer perimeter dimension of the drophead's central shaft 144. In other words, when otherwise uninhibited, the load plate 148b is moveable up-and-down along the central shaft 144 in the z-axis direction. Notably, one or more protrusions 190 extending towards a centerpoint of the circular portion 186 may correspond with grooves 192 of the central shaft 144, thereby impeding rotation of the load plate 148b relative to the central shaft 144 notwithstanding the vertical positioning of the load plate 148b.
Since the slide plate 172b is fixed in the z-axis direction relative to the load plate 148b (based on the interaction between the runners 178 and grooves 180), the slide plate 172b operates to retain the vertical positioning of the load plate 148b when the slide plate 172b is in its “locked” position. When in this locked position, one or more interference components, in this case a set of two wedges 194, impede vertical movement due to abutment with at least one component fixed to the central shaft 144. For example, the wedges 194 may fit within a set of wedge slots 196 (shown in FIG. 15), which are similar to the surface 143 in FIG. 5. The wedge slots 196 may be formed by angled surfaces of two wedge-receiving protrusions 198, although other suitable structures are also contemplated. Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the wedges 194 may generally cover a portion of the central opening 184 of the load plate 148b when in the locked position, in this case the two side portions 188 of the central opening 184. Thus, while these two side portions 188 generally extend around the wedge protrusions 198 of the central shaft 144, the load plate 148b is still immovable vertically when in this locked state since the load plate 148b engages the wedge protrusion 198 via direct abutment.
By contrast, in the “released” state of FIGS. 12-15, the slide plate 172b has moved horizontally such that the wedges 194 of the slide plate 172b are removed from the wedge slots 196 and out of overlap (from z-axis perspective) with the wedge protrusions 198, and such that the keyhole 182 of the slide plate 172b underlays the entirety of the central opening 184 of the load plate 148b. As indicated by a comparison of FIGS. 7 and 12, in FIG. 7 the wedges 194 overlap the portions 188 of the central opening, and as illustrated in FIG. 12, once the slide plate 172a has been slid beneath the load plate 148b, central opening 184 is no longer obstructed. In other words, the common opening formed by the overlapping portions of the keyhole 182 of the slide plate 172b and the central opening 184 of the load plate 148b now completely surrounds the outer perimeter of the central shaft 144 (including the wedge protrusions 198), thereby allowing for vertical, z-axis movement of both components relative to the central shaft 144. When in this position, the load plate 148b has a tendency to “drop” into the position shown in FIG. 15 (typically due to gravity, although a spring force or other force is additionally or alternatively contemplated).
The slide plate 172b may moveable by any suitable device or method. For example, the slide plate 172b may have the impact projection 176 of the slide plate 172b (or impact knob 174 as shown in FIGS. 2-6) specifically designed to receive an impact from a construction worker's hammer. Further, the load plate 148b may have gaps, cavities, and/or other features for accommodating the resulting movement. For example, referring to FIGS. 10-11, a front face 200 of the slide plate 172b (and specifically of the impact projection 176) may be uninhibited in the y-axis direction by any structure of the load plate 148. In addition, the travel distance of the slide plate 172b can be limited by a side wall 202 of the wedge protrusion 202. That is, the side wall 202 can operate as a stop against the surface 173 of the slide plate 172b, such that the slide plate 172b is impeded from overshooting its released position and remains in solid engagement with the load plate 148b.
In certain embodiments, much of the drophead 110 may be formed of separately-assembled components, which may be advantageous over other iterations since certain aspects can be enhanced (e.g., weight, durability, and the like). For example, it is contemplated that the load plate 148b, the slide plate 172b, and at least certain portions of the central shaft 144 may be formed of relatively strong and durable materials resistant to impact, such as steel. This increases the durability of such components, particularly since they are moveable relative to one another, experience impact forces and heavy loads from the beams, etc. By contrast, the head portion 146, lower plate 142, and other portions may be made of a lighter material without as much concern for overall strength, such as aluminum.
Referring to FIG. 16A another drophead 110c is depicted according to examples of the present disclosure. A partially disassembled or deconstructed view is provided in FIG. 16B. In examples, the drophead 110c can operate similar to, and include at least some similar elements to, the drophead 110a and the drophead 110b. For example, the drophead 110c may generally operate to provide a point-of-connection between the shores (e.g., 102) and beams (e.g., 112 and 114). In some instances, the drophead 110c may include a moveable load plate 148c for directly engaging and supporting one or more beams of the beam assembly, and a slide plate 172c may slide underneath the load plate 148c to lock or unlock the load plate 148c from vertically moving relative to the shaft 144c.
In embodiments, the shaft 144c can include a rectangular tube (e.g., square steel are aluminum tube) 144d that connects to the base plate 142c. For example, the center portion of the base plate 142c can include a rectangular hold or recess into which the bottom terminal end of the tube 144d is seated and attached. In at least some examples, the tube 144d extends upwards from the base 142c and is coupled to the head portion 146c (e.g., via a fastener through the corresponding holes 144f and 146d on the tube 144d and the head portion 146c).
In addition, the shaft 144c can include a ramp or cam interface 199 for engaging a corresponding wedge 194c (e.g., FIG. 16C) on the slide plate 172c. In at least some examples, the ramp or cam interface 199 can comprise an angled, top terminal end of a plate 144e that is fastened (e.g., via a mechanical fastener, welding, etc.) to a side of the rectangular tube 144d. In at least some examples, the ramp interface 199 can be integrally formed with the tube 144d. In at least some examples, an angle associated with the wedge 194c corresponds with an angle associated with the ramp interface 199.
In examples, the slide plate 172c includes a main body portion 175 that is slidably coupled to the load plate 148c. For example, the main body portion 175 can include sides that function as rails 178c (or “runners”) that are slidably received in the grooves or channels 180c of the load plate 148c. Referring to FIG. 16C, a lower perspective view illustrates an example engagement between with load plate 148c and the slide plate 172c via the rail 178c and the channel 180c. In examples, the slide plate 172c is movable in either direction “C” or “D” as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 16C, based on the rails 178c sliding relative to the channel 180c.
In at least some examples, the main body portion 175 of the slide plate 172c includes a central opening 184c (e.g., through hole passing entirely through the thickness of the main body portion 175), which can function similar to the central opening 184. For instance, the central opening 184c is sized and shaped to circumscribe at least portions of the shaft 144c. In examples, the central opening 184c can include a first cross dimension 184d and a second cross dimension 184e.
In examples, the first cross dimension 184d spans a distance smaller than the entire cross-sectional width associated with the shaft 144c at a position aligned with the ramp interface 199. In examples, the first cross dimension 184d is also a distance between the wedges 194c on opposing sides of the central opening 184c. As such, when the portion having the first cross dimension 184d is aligned with the ramp interface 199 (e.g., via the rails 178c sliding relative to the channel 180c), then the wedges 194 contact the ramp interface 199 and impede the slide plate 172c (and the load plate 148 coupled thereto) from moving towards the base plate 142c.
In examples, the second cross dimension 184e spans a distance larger than the entire cross-sectional width associated with the shaft 144c at a position aligned with the ramp interface 199. As such, when the portion having the second cross dimension 184e is aligned with the ramp interface 199 (e.g., via the rails 178c sliding relative to the channel 180c), then the slide plate (and the load plate 148 coupled thereto) can move towards the base plate 142c.
In examples, the second cross dimension 184e spans a distance larger than the entire cross-sectional width associated with the shaft 144c at a position aligned with the ramp interface 199. As such, when the portion having the second cross dimension 184e is aligned with the ramp interface 199 (e.g., via the rails 178c sliding relative to the channel 180c), then the slide plate (and the load plate 148 coupled thereto) can move towards the base plate 142c.
In examples, the slide plate 172c can include impact projections 176c that protrude from the main body portion 175 and provide an impact structure to be contacted (e.g., by a hammer) when moving the slide plate 172c between positions relative to the center shaft 144c and to the load plate 148c.
In at least some examples, the load plate 148c can include various elements. The load plate 148c can include a central opening 186c that can be similar to the central opening 186. For example, the central opening 186 can include a size and shape that are larger than the entire cross-sectional width and footprint associated with the shaft 144c at a position aligned with the ramp interface 199. As such, the load plate 148c can selectively move between positions either closer to the base plate 142c or closer to the head portion 146c, depending on whether the slide plate 172c is in a position that interferes with the ramp interface 199.
In at least some examples, the load plate 148c can include a stop tab 149c that protrudes upwardly from the top surface 170c. The stop tab 149c can be positioned to engage a lower surface 146e of the head portion 146c to impede upward travel of the load plate 148c and the slide plate 172c and indicate when the slide plate 172c is in position for the wedges 194c to engage the ramp interface 199.
In at least some examples, the drophead 110c is configured to connect with main beams (e.g., 112) and secondary beams (e.g., 114). For example, referring to FIG. 16E, the drophead 110c is coupled to a main beam and two secondary beams 114a and 114b. In at least one example, the drophead 110c is configured such that, when the drophead 110c is coupled to a first beam (e.g., 112) and to a second beam (e.g., 114a), the impact projection 176c is positioned in a space between the first beam and the second beam. Stated differently, based on the configuration of the slide plate 172c described above, in order to move the slide plate 172c relative to the central shaft 144c, the slide plate 172c must be moved in the direction of arrow “E.” As such, when a hammer or other tool is used to strike the impact projection 176e in the direction of the arrow “E,” the motion path of the tool can be free from interference with either of the beams 112 or 114a. Various structures contribute to this arrangement. For example, the sides of the rectangular tube 144d, which at least partially control the motion path of the side plate 172c, are at an angle relative to the tabs (e.g., 158) and fins (e.g., 160), and in some examples, the angle is between 60 degrees and 30 degrees. In some examples, the angle is about 45 degrees. Stated differently, a vertical reference plane associated with the sides of the tube intersect a vertical reference plane associated with the fin or the tab at an angle, and the angle is between about 60 degrees and 30 degrees, or about 45 degrees.
As used herein “about” means 10%+/− of a given value (e.g., height, length, etc.). In the context of angles (or parallel or perpendicular), “about” means within 10 degrees.
FIG. 17 and FIGS. 19-22 show various views of the main beam 112. As depicted by these images, the main beam 112 may generally include a main beam body 134, which may be an elongated metal or other-material structure having an appropriate length. In some examples, the main beam 112 can include a length between about 1 meter and 3 meters. In some examples, the main beam 112 can include a length between about 4 feet and 12 feet. Other lengths are also contemplated.
In examples, the end of the main beam body 134 may be secured to (e.g., fixed to) an optional endpiece 214, which may form a terminus of the main beam 112. The endpiece 214 may generally form a cavity 216 for receiving another component of the shoring system 100, such as a post 218 of a guard rail 220 (shown in FIG. 1). To avoid interrupting the temporary floor surface, a top surface 222 of the endpiece 214 may be flush with a top surface 224 of the main beam body 134 (where the top surface 224 of the main beam body 134 may be generally formed with a set of rails 226, 228, discussed below). The bottom of the endpiece 214 may have a tab or lip 230 adjacent to a cutout 232. Notably, the lip 230 may alternatively be built into a component other than an endpiece if the endpiece 214 is not desired (e.g., directly into the main beam body 134).
As shown in FIG. 17, the lip 230 may be generally configured (e.g., sized and shaped) for receipt into a receiving area 234 adjacent to the tab 158 of the drophead's load plate 148c, optionally such that the bottom terminus of the lip 230 rests on the top surface 170 of the load plate 148c. Similarly, the tab 158 of the load plate 148c may be received within a receiving area 236 defined adjacent to the lip 230 (and in this case, this receiving area 236 is located within the cavity 216 of the endpiece 214, but this is not required).
When the main beam 112 is in full engagement with the loading plate 148c, an abutment face 240 of the main beam 112 may contact a corresponding abutment face 242 of the drophead's head portion 146. Advantageously, this contact/abutment may impede horizontal, x-axis movement of the main beam 112 (from the perspective depicted in FIGS. 16E and 17). Similarly, side faces 244 (FIG. 17) of the tab 158 may prevent movement along the y-axis due to contact with side inner surfaces of the endpiece 214.
The depicted embodiment may be particularly advantageous due to ease of installation. For example, installation of the main beam 112 may be initiated by first engaging the lip 230 with the tab 158 by placing the lip 230 over the top of the tab 158 (and in some embodiments, even temporarily hanging the main beam 112 from the drophead 110c for a period of time due to this initial engagement) This may occur while the main beam 112 is in a rotated orientation (as shown in FIG. 1 by main beam 112b). The main beam 112 may then be rotated into its proper position by raising/rotating the shore 102b (also shown in FIG. 1). As depicted in FIG. 16E, an indication of proper position may be given when abutment occurs between the abutment face 240 of the main beam 112 and the abutment face 242 of the drophead 110c (which may also prevent over-rotation). Notably, the tab 158 may be slightly angled away from the center of the drophead 110c, which may ensure the lip 230 slides/moves easily into its proper positioning along the x-axis in a natural manner and without undue effort by the workers/installers while the main beam 112 is rotated into its operational position.
In some examples, the main beam 112 may also engage the drophead 110c on any of the other sides of the load plate 148c (e.g., the second side 152, the third side 154, and/or fourth side 156 as explained with respect to FIGS. 2 and 3). In other words, the main beam 112 may engage any of the four sides of the drophead 110c. For example, the main beam 112 can extends over the endstops 164 and the fin 160 such that the lip 230 is received within a receiving area 246 located adjacent to the fin 160, and such that the endstops 164 and the fin 160 are received within the receiving area 236. To prevent horizontal x-axis movement, the outer faces 250 of the endstops 164 may block such movement of corresponding inner faces of the main beam's cavity 216. Functioning similarly to the abutment face 242 (as described above) is a bumper protrusion 254 (labeled in FIG. 17) that extends horizontally outward from the head portion 146c. Thus, when the main beam 112 is rotated into position upon engagement of the second side 152 and/or the fourth side 156 of the drophead 110c, its positioning is complete once the abutment face 240 contacts (or nearly contacts) the bumper protrusion 254. The bumper protrusion 254 may also prevent over-rotation of the main beam 112.
FIGS. 18-20 show various views of the secondary beam(s). Certain aspects of the secondary beam 114 are similar to those discussed above with regards to the main beam 112. For example, an end 260 of the secondary beam 114 may be detachable from a secondary beam body 262 (though this not required). The end 260 of the secondary beam 114 may include a lip 264 that extends vertically downward for engagement with another component. As shown in FIGS. 16E and 18, for example, the lip 264 may be configured to engage the fin 160 on the second side 152 (or fourth side 156) of the drophead 110c (in a manner similar to the lip 230 of the main beam 112 discussed above). In particular, the lip 264 may extend over the fin 160 and into the receiving area 246 located adjacent to the fin 160, while the fin 160 may be received within a receiving area 266 defined on the underside of the secondary beam's end 260 in a location adjacent to the lip 264.
In examples, the lip 264 of the secondary beam 114 can have outer faces 268 (e.g., FIG. 18) that engage inner faces 270 (e.g., FIG. 18) of the endstops 164 of the loading plate 148c. In some instances, this interaction between the secondary beam 114 and the fin 160 can differ from the manner in which the main beam 112 engages with the fin 160, as in some examples, the main beam 112 engages the endstops' outer faces 250 (e.g., FIG. 17) when the entire width of the fin 160 is received within the receiving area 236. In other words, the end 260 of the secondary beam 114 may be relatively narrow when compared to the endpiece 214 of the main beam 112 and thus the secondary beam 114 fits inside or in-between the endstops 164 rather than outside of the endstops 164. Advantageously, such engagement may ensure that the secondary beam 114 remains in a desired position along the x-axis (based on the orientation in FIG. 18) with relatively high precision.
To notify of proper engagement with a drophead and prevent over-rotation during installation, the end 260 of the secondary beam 114 have an abutment face 272 that contacts (or nearly contacts) the bumper protrusion 254 once the secondary beam 114 is in its desired position. In another example, the end 260 of the secondary beams 114 includes a notch 274 located above the lip 264. The notch 274 may have any suitable shape, in this case a triangular shape with sloped faces 276, that is defined by an indentation within the terminal face of the end 260 of the secondary beam 114.
The notch 274 may be advantageous for simplifying installation, particularly when the secondary beam 114 is rotated into place by a human worker from below. For example, when the secondary beam 114 is initially approaches a drophead 110c (or a main beam 112, as discussed below), the notch 274 may be directed towards the bumper protrusion 254. Once contact is made with the bumper protrusion 254, the notch 274 may generally direct the secondary beam 114 into its correct positioning and also provide some side-to-side, y-axis “play” allowing the other end of the secondary beam 114 clearance to first navigate around other components while initially rising and then afterwards approach its corresponding drophead 110c from above. Once a lip 264 of the secondary beam 114 “catches” its fin 160 from above, or otherwise engages the fin 160 of the drophead's load plate 148c, the secondary beam 114 may naturally settle into place. The drophead 110c itself may include an indentation or recessed portion 278 (FIG. 18) above the bumper protrusion 254 to increase the prominence of the bumper protrusion 254 and provide space for the notch 274 to fully engage the bumper protrusion 254. Such operation is shown in more detail in FIGS. 20A-20D, discussed below.
In describing FIGS. 16E, 17, and 18, various reference is made to the drophead 116c. The same description can apply to the dropheads 110a and 110b with respect to the corresponding features, such as to the corresponding features of the head portions and load plate.
In addition to connecting to a drophead, the main beam 112 and secondary beams 114 can engage with one another. For example, a secondary beam 114 can attach to the main body 134 of a main beam 112. In addition, a secondary beam 114 can span the distance between, and connect to, to main beams 112 that are parallel to one another. In examples, a secondary beam 114 can act as a cross-beam between consecutive main beams 112, and therefore the secondary beams 114 may include features for engaging corresponding features along the main beam body 134 of the main beam 112. FIG. 19 shows an example in which a plurality of secondary beams 114 are connected to the main body portion 134 of the main beam 112. In addition, FIG. 20 depicts a cross section taken at the 20-20 reference line in FIG. 19.
In examples, the main beam 112 can include various features for attaching to an end of a secondary beam, and the main beam 112 can be symmetrical relatively to a longitudinal, vertical, midline plane, such that features on one side are symmetrical to features on the opposing side. In some examples, the main beam 112 can include a lower channel 280 that is configured (e.g., sized, shaped, and positioned) for receiving the lip 264 of the secondary beam 114. The lower channel 280 may extend substantially the entire length of the main beam body 134 such a plurality of secondary beams 114 can be installed along the main beam 112 or a secondary beam 114 may be slid along the lower channel 280 from one position relative to the main beam 112 to another position relative to the main beam 112.
In examples, the lower channel 280 may have a bottom surface 283 that is spaced a distance from the top surface 224 of the main beam 112, and the distance may be similar to (e.g., substantially equal to) a distance from the surface 170 of the load plate 148 to the top of the upper portion 146. In some examples, this equal sizing and dimensions can increase the likelihood that a vertical position of the secondary beam 114 top surface 263 is the same or similar regardless of whether it is supported by a drophead 110 or a main beam 112. The lower channel 280 may further include a protrusion 284 that is configured to “catch” or otherwise engage the lip 264, thereby ensuring that the secondary beam 114 does not move linearly out of engagement of the lower channel 280 along the y-axis (e.g., in a manner similar to how the fin 160 functions as discussed above).
The main beam body 134 may include a supplementary support structure 350 that enhances the strength and durability of the lower channels 280. In the depicted embodiment (with reference to FIGS. 19-21), the supplementary support structure includes two generally-triangular-shaped metal extensions 352 that are configured to redistribute vertical, z-axis forces experienced by the lower channels 280 to other portions of the main beam body 134. Advantageously, the weight capacity and/or failure point of the lower channels 280 is significantly enhanced by inclusion of the supplementary support structure 350.
The secondary beam 114 may be installed into engagement with the main beam 112 with any suitable method. For example, similarly to as discussed above when addressing installation onto a drophead, the secondary beam 114 may be rotated into place from below by a human worker. Thus, to prevent over-rotation, the main beam 112 may include bumper protrusion 286. The bumper protrusion 286 may contact (or nearly contact) the abutment face 272 of the secondary beam 114 when the secondary beam 114 is substantially level and in an installed position, thereby preventing over-rotation and signaling to the installation worker that positioning of the secondary beam 114 is correct.
It may be desirable for the secondary beams 114 to be slidable along the length of the main beam 112 even after engagement with the lower channel 280 of the main beam 112. In particular, this feature may be advantageous for allowing the secondary beams 114 to be manipulated into appropriate positioning along the x-axis of FIG. 19 (when installing panels, for example) without disengagement from the lower channel 280. However, to prevent the secondary beams 114 from sliding too far, the main beam 112 may include one or more stoppers 288 in desired locations, as shown in FIG. 17. The stoppers 288 may be any suitable device/object, surface, etc. that interrupt the uniform shape of the lower channel 280. For example, as depicted, a stopper 288 may be a portion of the endpiece 214 located at the terminus of the lower channel 280 such that the secondary beams 114 cannot slide completely out of engagement by moving past the channel's terminus. Additionally or alternatively, one or more stoppers may be located along the length of the lower channel 280 in certain suitable locations. For example, it is contemplated that stoppers may be located within the lower channel 280 (or the lower channel 280 may be otherwise interrupted) for precisely-locating the secondary beams 114 in a frequent final resting place for engagement with uniform panels.
The notch 274 of the secondary beam 114 may be advantageous when installing a secondary beam 114 on a main beam 112, particularly when the installation occurs from below. For example, referring to FIGS. 20A-20D, the notch 274 on one end of the secondary beam 114 may be placed over the bumper protrusion 286 (shown in FIG. 20A) while the other end of the secondary beam 114 is raised and manipulated into position for lowering into a main beam's lower channel 280 from above (e.g., as shown in the orientation of FIG. 20B). Once initial engagement with that lower channel 280 occurs during approach from above (initially shown in FIG. 20C), both ends of the secondary beam 114 will naturally settle into place and ready for panel installation, as shown in FIG. 20D. In short, the “play” provided by the notch 274 may prevent jams, mis-engagements, and/or other positioning issues that have an effect on the efficiency and ease-of-installation of the secondary beam 114.
In at least some examples, the secondary beams 114 may include a channel 281 similar to the lower channel 280 of the main beams 112. For example, this may be advantageous where due to angled walls, obstacles, etc., it is preferable to use multiple inter-linking secondary beams 114, including certain secondary beams 114 engaging others from the side, rather than a main beam 112. Similarly and for similar reasons, it is contemplated that the lower channel 280 of the main beams 112 may be configured for receiving the end of another main beam 112 (rather than only a secondary beam 114).
Referring to FIG. 20 (and FIG. 17 and FIG. 19), in addition to the lower channel 280 of the main beam 112, the main beam 112 may also include an upper channel 282 configured for other functions and operations. The upper channel 282 can have a similar construction, size, and/or shape with respect to the lower channel 280, but this is not required. In the depicted embodiment, the bumper protrusion 286 extends from the upper channel 282, but this is also optional (e.g., the bumper protrusion 286 may extend from the main beam body 134 itself).
In examples, the upper channel 282 may be configured for any suitable purposes. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 19, the system of beams can provide a flat, level, planar surface for supporting a floor structure 104. In some examples, the upper channel 282 may be configured (e.g., sized, shaped, and positioned) for engagement with a portion of a panel, and an example of panels 130 are depicted in FIGS. 21, 22, 23, and 24. In some examples, the main beam(s) and the secondary beam(s) are configured to support a plywood panel.
Referring to FIG. 23, an example of a panel 130 is depicted in an exploded view, including a sheet material 297 and a frame 294, and the sheet material 297 can form the top surface 132 of the temporary floor (e.g., FIG. 1). In examples, the frame 294 can include a rectangular perimeter edge or lip 299 sized to receive the sheet material 297, which can be secured in the frame 294. For example, the rectangular frame perimeter edge 299 can include a length 360 (e.g., extending along the y-axis based on the orientation in FIGS. 19 and 23 and sometimes the same direction as the secondary beams 114) and a width 362 (e.g., extending along the x-axis corresponding to the lengthwise direction of the main beams 112) configured to form a protective edge/border around the perimeter, terminal edges of the sheet material 297. Also, the length 360 can be approximately the same as a length of the secondary beams 114. Similarly, a width 362 of the panels 130 may be generally equal to the spacing between consecutive secondary beams 114, meaning that once assembled, all four edges of the panels 130 can be coextensive with an underlying beam (but this may not be required).
In some examples, the frame 294 can include, on each end, additional support members 295 (e.g., FIG. 24 also shows a view from underneath) that extend across the width of the frame 294, from one longitudinal side to the other longitudinal side. In examples the support members 295 are configured to interact with (e.g., engage, nest with, etc.) one or more other components of the system, including beams and/or dropheads, in various manners.
In some instances the support member 295 can include one or more structures configured to support the fame 294, and the sheet material 297, relative to a main beam or a secondary beam. For example, referring to FIGS. 22 and 24, the frame 294 and/or the support members 295 can include on or more downward protruding lips 290 (e.g., also referred to as a support leg) that are sized and positioned to be received in an upper channel 282, when the frame 294 is also supported on the top surface 224 of the beam. The support leg 290 of the panel 130 may rest on a bottom surface 296 of the upper channel 282, and it may be adjacent to a protrusion 298 of the upper channel 282 configured for maintaining proper horizontal positioning of the lip 290 (in a manner similar to other upward-extending protrusions discussed herein). To further enhance the precision of the panel's horizontal positioning (e.g., along the y-axis in FIG. 22), an abutment face 300 of the panel 130 may contact (or nearly contact) a corresponding abutment face 302 (e.g., FIGS. 17, 20, and 22) of the main beam 112.
In some examples, and referring to FIGS. 21 and 24, a bottom or underneath surface 133 of the panel 130 can be supported on a top surface 368 of a drophead 110c. As such, in some instances, the frame 294 an include a removable corner 291 that is detachable from the frame 294 (e.g., detachable from the support member 295) to avoid interference with other parts of the system (e.g., other parts of the drophead 110c, other parts of the main beam 112, or other parts of a secondary beam 114), when the panel 130 is installed and the surface 133 is supported atop or near a drophead 110c (e.g., atop the surface 368). In some examples, the removable corner 291 can include one or more slots, rails, or ribs 372 that have a shape corresponding with one or more grooves or recesses 373 on the frame, such that the removable corner 291 can be selectively slid into (or out of) engagement/attachment with the support member 295. To avoid losing/misplacing the removable corner portions 291, a string or other optional retention device may keep the removable corner portions 291 indirectly secured to the remainder of the panel 130 even when removed.
As described above with respect to the lower channels 280, the upper channels 282 may include one or more stoppers to prevent the panels 130 from unwanted positioning along the length of the main beams 112. For example, as shown in FIG. 17, a stopper face 304 may be provided by the endpiece 214 of the main beam 112, which blocks the panels from sliding out of engagement with the upper channel 282 due to sliding too far and past the terminus of the upper channel 282. While not shown, it is further contemplated that other stoppers may be included along the upper channel's length to provide precise positioning of the panels 130 upon initial installation rather than allowing the upper panels 130 to be slidable along the length of the upper channels 282.
In examples, a secondary beams 114 depicted might not include a corresponding channel similar to the upper channel 282 of the main beam 112. However, in other embodiments, the secondary beams 114 may have such a channel and/or another mechanism for directly engaging the panels 130. In the depicted embodiment, the primary engagement(s) between the secondary beams 114 and the panels 130 can include the underside of the panels 130 or the frame 294 resting on the top surface 263/306 of the secondary beams 114; potential abutment between a side surface 308 of the secondary beams 114 and a corresponding downward projection/lip 290 of the panels 130; or a combination thereof.
Referring to FIGS. 25A and 25B, respective cross sections are depicted of the main beam 112 and the secondary beam 114. In examples, the main beam 112 and the secondary beam 114 may include a nailstrip 312 and 313, respectively. The nailstrips 312 and 313 may be formed of any suitable material (e.g., wood, one or more polymers, cork, etc.) configured to receive a fastener, such as a nail or screw, for securing a floor component in place during assembly of the temporary floor structure 104. For example, while the panels 130 discussed above may engage without use of the nailstrip 312 or 313, the nailstrip 312 and 313 may be useful when utilizing panels of plywood 136 that lack certain engagement features included on the panels 130. In other words, when plywood 136 is used, it may need to be secured in place to an underlying support structure, and a method of securement may involve hammering a nail through the plywood 136 and into the nailstrip 312 or 313 in one or more places.
In some examples, features of the nailstrip 312 described with respect to the main beam 112 can also apply to the secondary beam 114 in a similar or identical manner. In some examples, while the respective nailstrips 312 of the main beam 112 and the secondary beam 114 can be similar, certain differences are contemplated to account for physical and functional differences of the main beam 112 and the secondary beam 114.
Referring to FIGS. 25A and 25C, the nailstrip 312 may be located in a nailstrip channel 314 of the main beam 112, which is generally formed in a top portion of the main beam body 134 and which extends substantially the entire length of the main beam body 134. The nailstrip 312 itself may rest on a platform surface 316 of the nailstrip channel 314, which in some embodiments may be a bottom surface of the nailstrip channel 314. As depicted, the platform surfaces 316 of the nailstrip channel 314 are upper surfaces of two opposing protrusions 318 extending horizontally in the nailstrip channel 314, where the protrusions 318 are spaced part (e.g., providing intervening access to a cavity 320, discussed below). The platform surface 316 may correspond to a standard height of the nailstrip 312 such that a top surface 322 of the nailstrip is substantially flush with respective top surfaces 324 of the first main beam 112, which may be defined by a first rail 226 and a second rail 228. Notably, when a panel 130 (or plywood 136) is placed on top of the main beam 112, the first rail 226, the second rail 228, and/or the top surface 322 of the nailstrip 312 may contact an underside of the panel 130 (or plywood 136).
The nailstrip 312 may further include an upward-facing surface 330, and the nailstrip channel 314 may include a corresponding downward-facing surface 332 for preventing vertical movement of the nailstrip 312 out of the nailstrip channel 314. For example, the nailstrip 312 may generally include two portions: a lower portion 334 having a first width 335, and an upper portion 336 extending from the lower portion 334 and having a second width 337, where the second width is smaller than the first width (e.g., in an upside-down “T” shape). The upward-facing surfaces 330 of the nailstrip 312 may be located on top areas of the lower portion 334 of the nailstrip 312 that extend beyond the width of the upper portion 336 in the y-axis direction. The downward-facing surfaces 332 of the main beam 112 may be located on protrusions extending horizontally such that they are coextensive with these top areas of the lower portion 334 from a vertical perspective. Optionally, the downward-facing surfaces 332 of the main beam 112 may be defined on the bottom of the first and second rails 226, 228. In some examples, the nailstrip 312 is effectively captured in the nailstip channel 314, between the surfaces associated with 316 and 322, such that the nailstrip 312 is impeded from lifting out of the channel 314.
The nailstrip 312 may have any other suitable shape, so long as it is compatible with a corresponding nailstrip channel 314. For example, in simpler (perhaps less secure) embodiments, the nailstrip 312 may simply be a square piece of a suitable material, and therefore the nailstrip channel 314 may also have a squared top portion that mimics the outer perimeter dimensions of such a nailstrip. In other embodiments, it is contemplated that the nailstrip may be secured within the nailstrip channel (e.g., via adhesive, a fastener, etc.). Any other suitable nailstrip shape and/or attachment method may be included.
To install the nailstrip 312 in the depicted embodiment, the nailstrip 312 may enter the nailstrip channel 314 at one of the ends of the nailstrip 312 channel and then slid horizontally into place until its entire length is within the nailstrip channel 314 (which in some embodiments may require cutting the nailstrip 312 to length either before or after it begins entering the nailstrip channel 314). In some embodiments, this may require removing the endpiece 214 of the endpiece 214 generally restricts access to ends of the nailstrip channel 314. Such removal of the endpiece 214 may be possible by releasing one or more fasteners 340, which when installed fix the endpiece 214 in place. Notably, and with specific reference to FIGS. 25A and 25C, the shape of the main beam body 134 is such that the fasteners 340 do not interrupt other functions and/or structures of the shoring system. For example, the lower channel 280 of the main beam may be located at the end of a channel extension 342. This feature ensures the lower channel 280 is spaced far enough away from the center of the main beam body 134 such that a secondary beam's leading surfaces remain clear of the fasteners 340 (e.g., the fasteners 340 do not extend far enough to encroach on the y-axis positioning of the lower channel 280). FIG. 25 depicts a similar feature with respect to the upper channel 282, where the fasteners 340 do not encroach on the upper channel 282.
In some examples, the main beam 112 may include a cavity 320 located beneath the nailstrip 312. The cavity 320 may be advantageous for receiving end portions of nails and other fasteners when their length extends beyond the bottom of the nailstrip 312. Without inclusion of this cavity 320, such fasteners may strike a metal surface if too long, which may prevent full entry of such fasteners and may leave a discontinuity on the top of the temporary floor structure.
Referring to FIG. 25B, the nailstrip 313 of the secondary beam 114 can include various elements. In some examples, the nailstrip 313 can include a wider top portion that is supported on inwardly protruding ledges of the secondary beam 114. In some examples, the nailstrips 312 and 313 include a same cross-sectional profile and are interchangeable. In addition, the nailstrip 313 can be retained in position by fasteners 341 (e.g., screws) that extend through a sidewall of the secondary beam 114 and into the nailstrip 313. In addition, the secondary beam 114 can include, below the nailstrip 313, a cavity 321, which can be advantageous for receiving end portions of nails and other fasteners when their length extends beyond the bottom of the nailstrip 313.
While various embodiments have been described, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are examples, not the only possible embodiments and implementations.
Having described various aspects of the subject matter above, additional disclosure is provided below that may be consistent with the claims originally filed with this disclosure. In describing this additional subject matter, reference may be made to the previously described figures. Any of the following aspects may be combined, where compatible.
One non-limiting general aspect includes a beam assembly for a shoring system. The beam assembly may include one or more of the following: a drophead configured for securement at a top of a vertical shore of the shoring system, where the drophead includes a load plate for supporting at least one beam of the beam assembly; and a main beam having an end coupled to the drophead; and a secondary beam having a secondary beam end, the secondary beam end including a downward-extending protrusion that is received by one of a channel located on a side of the main beam and a receiving area located on a side of the support plate.
In some examples, a bottom of the channel is located at a vertical height that is substantially the same as a vertical height of a top surface of the load plate, the top surface of the load plate being configured to abut at least one beam of the beam assembly.
In some examples, the main beam includes a bumper protrusion, the bumper protrusion being adjacent to an abutment surface located on the secondary beam end.
In some examples, secondary beam end includes a notch located between the abutment surface and the protrusion, the notch including a generally-concave indentation of the secondary beam end.
In some examples, the secondary beam directly engages the drophead via contact between the protrusion of the secondary beam and a top surface of the load plate.
In some examples, the protrusion is received within the receiving area, and where the receiving area is defined adjacent to a fin of the load plate.
In some examples, the load plate includes two endstops located at opposite sides of the fin, and where the endstops each have an inner surface configured for engaging an outer surface of an end of the secondary beam.
In some examples, respective outer surfaces of the endstops are configured for engaging an inner surface of the end of the main beam when the main beam is placed over the fin.
In some examples, the load plate includes a locked state where the load plate is vertically fixed relative to a central shaft of the drophead, and where the load plate includes a released state where the load plate is vertically moveable relative to the central shaft of the drophead.
In some examples, the slide plate includes a runner received within a groove of the load plate, and where the groove of the load plate is located on a bottom of the load plate.
In some examples, the slide plate includes at least one of an impact knob and an impact protrusion configured to receive an input force for moving the slide plate linearly relative to the load plate.
In some examples, the slide plate includes a wedge configured to at least partially overlap a central opening of the load plate when the load plate is in the locked state.
In some examples, the wedge of the slide plate is received within a wedge slot that is fixed relative to the central shaft of the drophead when the load plate is in the fixed state.
In some examples, the wedge of the slide plate moves out of the wedge slot as the load plate transitions from the locked state to the released state due to linear movement of the slide plate.
In some examples, the slide plate includes a keyhole that aligns with a central opening of the load plate when the load plate is in the released state.
In some examples, the drophead includes a first abutment surface that corresponds to a second abutment surface on an endpiece of the main beam such that the first abutment surface is adjacent to the second abutment surface.
In some examples, the drophead includes a bumper protrusion that is adjacent to an abutment surface of the main beam.
In some examples, the bumper protrusion is adjacent to an indentation of a head portion of the drophead, the indentation extending vertically above the bumper protrusion and having a width at least as large as a width of the bumper protrusion.
In some examples, the main beam includes a lip configured to extend over a tab of the load plate when the main beam engages the load plate in a first location, and where the lip is configured to extend over at least one of a fin and an endplate fixed to the fin when the main beam engages the load plate at a second location.
In some examples, an inner surface of the main beam is configured for engaging an outer surface of the endplate.
In some examples, an outer surface of the end of the secondary beam is configured for engaging an inner surface of the endplate when the secondary beam directly engages the drophead.
In some examples, a width of the tab is substantially equal to a width between two outer faces of endplates fixed on opposite sides of the fin.
In some examples, a central shaft of the drophead includes a groove, and where the load plate includes a protrusion received by the groove to prevent rotation of the load plate about an axis of the central shaft.
In some examples, the groove extends vertically along the central shaft.
In some examples, the end of the main beam is included with a removable endpiece of the main beam, and where the removable endpiece is secured by at least one fastener to a main beam body.
In some examples, removal of the main beam body provides access to a nailstrip channel.
In some examples, the main beam includes a channel extension extending from the main beam body to the channel, and where the channel extension includes a length sufficient such that a head of the fastener fails to encroach the channel from a vertical perspective.
In some examples, the main beam includes a support structure that engages the channel from below the channel, the support structure being configured to redistribute vertical forces experienced by the channel to a location within a main beam body of the main beam.
In some examples, the main beam includes at least one stopper configured to prevent horizontal movement of the protrusion of the secondary beam at least in one direction.
In some examples, the stopper is included on a removable endpiece of the main beam.
In some examples, the main beam includes a nailstrip extending longitudinally through the main beam and exposed on a top surface of the main beam.
In some examples, the nailstrip is located above, and exposed relative to, an empty nailstrip cavity.
In some examples, the nailstrip includes an upward-facing surface that is adjacent to a downward-facing surface of a main beam body of the main beam such that the nailstrip is immoveable vertically relative to the main beam.
In some examples, a second nailstrip is included in the secondary beam.
In some examples, the channel of the main beam is a first channel, and where the main beam further includes a second channel located above the first channel.
In some examples, a bumper protrusion extends from the second channel and is configured for preventing over-rotation of the secondary beam when the secondary beam engages the first channel.
In some examples, the second channel is configured to receive a protrusion of a panel of the shoring system.
In some examples, the panel includes at least one removable corner such that the panel is configured to accommodate a top surface of the drophead, the top surface of the drophead being flush with a top surface of the panel.
In some examples, the protrusion of the panel includes an abutment surface configured to be located adjacent to a corresponding abutment surface of the main beam when the panel is received by the second channel, and where the abutment surface prevents horizontal movement of the panel in at least one linear direction.
This detailed description is provided in order to meet statutory requirements. However, this description is not intended to limit the scope of the invention described herein. Rather, the claimed subject matter may be embodied in different ways, to include different steps, different combinations of steps, different elements, and/or different combinations of elements, similar or equivalent to those described in this disclosure, and in conjunction with other present or future technologies. The examples herein are intended in all respects to be illustrative rather than restrictive. In this sense, alternative examples or implementations can become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present subject matter pertains without departing from the scope hereof.
Patent Application
20230323683
