The present disclosure relates generally to shoulder prostheses, and more particularly to shoulder prostheses configured for use in shoulders having glenoid vault erosion or defects.
A typical shoulder or glenohumeral joint is formed in a human body where the humerus 10 movably contacts the scapula 12 as shown in
Shoulder arthroplasty often involves surgical replacement of the glenoid fossa with a conventional glenoid prosthesis such as the one disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,911,047, the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference. The glenoid prosthesis, when implanted, provides a new laterally-facing concave bearing surface for articulation with a complementary bearing surface of a natural or prosthetic humeral head. Such conventional glenoid prosthesis is typically formed from UHMW polyethylene, and includes bone anchor(s) such as peg(s) or a keel extending from a back side of the device opposite its bearing surface. So configured, the back side of the prosthesis is typically secured against subchondral bone of the glenoid vault while the bone anchor(s) may extend into the cavity of the glenoid vault whereby it may become anchored to cancellous bone located within the glenoid vault.
However, the subchondral bone support surface and underlying cancellous bone located within the glenoid vault may be significantly deteriorated such that support and anchoring of the conventional glenoid prosthesis may be difficult. Inadequate support and anchoring of the glenoid prosthesis may lead to loosening of the glenoid prosthesis whereby accelerated wear and then failure of the prosthesis may occur.
One document that attempts to address this issue is U.S. Pat. No. 7,329,284 (hereinafter “the '284 patent”), the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference. In this document, a prosthetic glenoid component is disclosed that includes a stem portion configured to substantially fill the glenoid vault. While this type of device provides significant advantages for patients having substantially complete erosion of the subchondral and cancellous bone within the glenoid vault, some patients have a significant amount of subchondral and cancellous bone remaining even though partial erosion of the subchondral and cancellous bone has occurred. Removal of healthy subchondral and/or cancellous bone stock in these latter types of patients in order to utilize a prosthesis of the type disclosed in the '284 patent may have disadvantages.
What is needed therefore is an improved shoulder prosthesis for use in patients having deterioration of their subchondral support surface and underlying cancellous bone of their glenoid vault. What is further needed is an improved shoulder prosthesis for use in a patients having deterioration of their subchondral support surface and underlying cancellous bone who still have some healthy bone stock remaining in their glenoid vault.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a shoulder prosthesis that includes a vault-filling component defining a bearing-facing surface and having a first coupling component. The vault-filling component includes (i) a vault-filling first portion defining a first part of the bearing-facing surface, and (ii) a projecting second portion projecting from the vault-filling first portion so as to define a second part of the bearing-facing surface. The vault-filling first portion and the projecting second portion define a bone space therebetween. The shoulder prosthesis further includes a bearing component defining a bearing surface and having a second coupling component configured to cooperate with the first coupling component to couple the bearing component to the vault-filling component. At least one bone attachment member is positioned in the bone space. The projecting second portion of the vault-filling component further defines a scapula-facing surface. The vault-filling first portion of the vault-filling component further defines (i) a first lateral surface extending from the scapula-facing surface, and (ii) a second lateral surface extending from the first part of the bearing-facing surface. The first lateral surface and the second lateral surface taper towards each other in a direction extending away from the bearing-facing surface.
Pursuant to another embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a shoulder prosthesis that includes a metallic vault-filling component defining a bearing-facing surface and having a first coupling component. The metallic vault-filling component includes (i) a metallic vault-filling first portion defining a first part of the bearing-facing surface, and (ii) a metallic projecting second portion projecting from the metallic vault-filling first portion so as to define a second part of the bearing-facing surface, the metallic vault-filling first portion and the metallic projecting second portion defining a bone space therebetween. The shoulder prosthesis further includes a polymeric bearing component defining a bearing surface and having a second coupling component configured to cooperate with the first coupling component to couple the polymeric bearing component to the metallic vault-filling component. The metallic projecting second portion of the metallic vault-filling component further defines a scapula-facing surface. The metallic vault-filling first portion of the metallic vault-filling component further defines (i) a first lateral surface extending from the scapula-facing surface, and (ii) a second lateral surface extending from the first part of the bearing-facing surface. The first lateral surface and the second lateral surface taper towards each other in a direction extending away from the bearing-facing surface.
In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a shoulder prosthesis that includes a vault-filling component defining a bearing-facing surface and having a first coupling component. The vault-filling component includes (i) a vault-filling first portion defining a first part of the bearing-facing surface, and (ii) a projecting second portion projecting from the vault-filling first portion so as to define a second part of the bearing-facing surface, the vault-filling first portion and the projecting second portion defining a bone space therebetween. The shoulder prosthesis further includes a bearing component defining a bearing surface and having a second coupling component configured to cooperate with the first coupling component to couple the bearing component to the vault-filling component. The bearing component possesses a first maximum axial height of at least 3.0 mm. The vault-filling first portion possesses a second maximum axial height of at least 15.0 mm. The projecting second portion possesses a third maximum axial height of at least 1.0 mm. The projecting second portion extends from the vault-filling first portion for a maximum distance of at least 2.0 mm.
While the shoulder prosthesis described herein is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that there is no intent to limit the shoulder prosthesis to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Referring now to
The vault-filling component 32 is made entirely of a metallic material, while the bearing component 34 is made entirely of a polymeric material. Preferably, the vault-filling component 32 is made a biological grade stainless steel or titanium material. Also, the vault-filling component 32 may include a porous-coating on its entire outer surface (except for its bearing-facing surface described below) to facilitate biological ingrowth of a patient's bone. The bearing component 34 is preferably made entirely of a polymer such as polyethylene. One particular polyethylene that is well suited for use as the bearing component is a high molecular weight polyethylene, for example, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE).
The vault-filling component 32 includes a vault-filling first portion 42 and a projecting second portion 44 which projects from the vault-filling first portion for a maximum distance D as shown in
The vault-filling component 32 further defines an internally threaded fastener passage 52A, an internally threaded fastener passage 52B, and an internally threaded fastener passage 52C each extending through the component 32. The externally threaded bone screw 36A is meshingly received in the internally threaded fastener passage 52A. Similarly, the externally threaded bone screw 36B is meshingly received in the internally threaded fastener passage 52B, while the externally threaded bone screw 36C is meshingly received in the internally threaded fastener passage 52C. Rotation of each screw 36A, 36B, 36C with the fastener tool (not shown) causes advancement of each screw 36A, 36B, 36C in relation to the vault-filling component 32.
The vault-filling first portion 42 further defines a lateral surface 54 and an opposite lateral surface 56. The term “lateral” as used herein with surfaces 54, 56 means “of or relating to the sides of the vault-filling first portion 42” as opposed to any type of relation to a patient's body (e.g. medial or lateral side of a patient). The internally threaded fastener passage 52A extends from the lateral surface 54 to the lateral surface 56. The projecting second portion 44 further defines a scapula-facing surface 58. The lateral surface 54 extends downwardly from the scapula-facing surface 58 as shown in
The shoulder prosthesis 30 defines an axis 60 which is generally aligned with a center 62 of the bearing surface 34. In the embodiment of
The bearing body 41 of the bearing component 34 possesses a maximum axial height AH1 (see
Preferably, the maximum axial height AH1 is at least 3.0 mm, and the maximum axial height AH2 is at least 15.0 mm, while the maximum axial height AH3 is at least 1.0 mm. However, it should be appreciated that the maximum axial heights AH1, AH2, and AH3 may be well above these minimum magnitudes. For example, AH1 may be equal to 4.0 mm, while AH2 may be equal to 20.0 mm, and AH3 may be equal to 5.0 mm. It is believed that configuring the shoulder prosthesis 30 with maximum axial heights AH1, AH2, and AH3 that possess the magnitudes discussed above results in an improved shoulder prosthesis that is usable in a patients having deterioration of their subchondral support surface and underlying cancellous bone that still have some healthy bone stock remaining in their glenoid vault.
Turning now to
The vault-filling component 132 is made entirely of a metallic material, while the bearing component 134 is made entirely of a polymeric material. Preferably, the vault-filling component 132 is made of the same material from which the vault-filling component 32 is made which was described above. In addition, the bearing component 134 is made of the same material from which the bearing component 34 is made which was also described above.
The vault-filling component 132 defines a bearing-facing surface 138. One difference between the vault-filling component 32 of the previous embodiment and the vault-filling component 132 of the current embodiment is that the vault-filling component 132 includes an insert 143 that is configured to be received in a friction fit manner in a recess 145 defined in the bearing-facing surface 138. The insert 143 is made of a metallic material such as a biological grade stainless steel or titanium material. The insert 143 includes an outer surface that engages the inner surface defined by the recess 145 so as to couple the insert 143 to the vault-filling component 132. The insert 143 further defines a recess 147 that is configured and dimensioned to receive the tapered post 139 of the bearing component 134 in a friction fit manner so as to couple the bearing component 134 to a base 134B of the vault-filling component 132.
The vault-filling component 132 includes a vault-filing first portion 142 and a projecting second portion 144 which projects from the vault-filling first portion for a maximum distance D1 as shown in
The vault-filling component 132 further defines an internally threaded fastener passage 152A and an internally threaded fastener passage 152B each extending through the component 132. The externally threaded bone screw 136A is meshingly received in the internally threaded fastener passage 152A. Similarly, the externally threaded bone screw 136B is meshingly received in the internally threaded fastener passage 152B. Rotation of each screw 136A, 136B with the fastener tool (not shown) causes advancement of each screw 136A, 136B in relation to the vault-filling component 132.
The vault-filling first portion 142 further defines a lateral surface 154 and an opposite lateral surface 156. The term “lateral” as used herein with surfaces 154, 156 means “of or relating to the sides of the vault-filling first portion 142” as opposed to any type of relation to a patient's body. The internally threaded fastener passage 152A extends between the lateral surface 154 and the lateral surface 156. The projecting second portion 144 further defines a scapula-facing surface 158. The lateral surface 154 extends downwardly from the scapula-facing surface 158 as shown in
The shoulder prosthesis 130 defines a central axis 160 which is generally aligned with a center of a bearing surface (not shown) of the bearing component 134. In the embodiment of
A bearing body (not shown) of the bearing component 134 possesses a maximum axial height AH1-1 that represents the maximum height of the bearing body measured in a direction parallel to the axis 160. Note that the maximum axial height AH1-1 is the same as maximum axial height AH1 of the embodiment shown in
Turning now to
The bearing component 234 includes a bearing body 241 that defines a bearing surface 235. The bearing surface 235 is a concave bearing surface configured to mate with a head of a natural humerus such as humerus 10 shown in
The vault-filling component 232 possesses the exact same dimensions and configuration as the vault-filling component 132 of the embodiment shown in
The lower body LB of the vault-filling component 232 is made entirely of a metallic material. Preferably, the lower body LB of the vault-filling component 232 is made of the same material from which the vault-filling component 32 is made which was described above. The insert 243 is made of a metallic material such as a biological grade stainless steel or titanium material. The insert 243 includes an outer surface that engages the inner surface defined by the recess 245 so as to couple the insert 243 to the lower body LB of the vault-filling component 232. The insert 243 further defines a recess 247 that is configured and dimensioned to receive the coupling component 239 of the bearing component 234 in a friction fit manner so as to couple the bearing component 234 to the vault-filling component 232. It should be appreciated from
Turning now to
The bearing component 334 possesses the exact same dimensions and configuration as the bearing component 34. The bearing component 334 includes a bearing body 341 that defines a bearing surface 335. The bearing surface 335 is a concave bearing surface configured to mate with a head of a natural humerus such as humerus 10 shown in
The vault-filling component 332 is made entirely of a metallic material, while the bearing component 334 is made entirely of a polymeric material. Preferably, the vault-filling component 332 is made of the same material from which the vault-filling component 32 is made which was described above. In addition, the bearing component 334 is made of the same material from which the bearing component 34 is made which was also described above.
The vault-filling component 332 defines a bearing-facing surface 338. The vault-filling component 332 includes a coupling component 340 defined by a tapered recess 340 as shown in
The vault-filling component 332 includes a vault-filling first portion 342 and a projecting second portion 344 which projects from the vault-filling first portion for a maximum distance D3 as shown in
The shoulder prosthesis 330 further includes a single bone attachment member 336. The bone attachment member 336 is a bone peg that extends from the scapula-facing surface 358 of the projecting second portion 344. The bone peg 336 includes a plurality of outwardly extending fins as shown in
The vault-filling first portion 342 further defines a lateral surface 354 and an opposite lateral surface 356. The lateral surface 354 extends downwardly from the scapula-facing surface 358 as shown in
The shoulder prosthesis 330 defines a central axis 360 which is generally aligned with a center of a bearing surface 335 of the bearing component 334. In the embodiment of
The bearing body 341 of the bearing component 334 possesses a maximum axial height AH1-3 that represents the maximum height of the bearing body measured in a direction parallel to the axis 360. Note that the maximum axial height AH1-3 is the same as the maximum axial height AH1 of the embodiment shown in
In accordance with the present disclosure, a method of securing the shoulder prosthesis 330 to a scapula S is disclosed with reference to
In
There is a plurality of advantages arising from the various features of each of the embodiments of the shoulder prosthesis described herein. It will be noted that alternative embodiments of the shoulder prosthesis may not include all of the features described yet still benefit from at least some of the advantages of such features. Those of ordinary skill in the art may readily devise their own implementations of the shoulder prosthesis that incorporates one or more of the features and fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
While bone screws, bone anchors, bone cement, and porous coating have been described as being effective individually to secure the shoulder prostheses 30, 130, 230, 330 to a patient's scapula, it should be appreciated that any combination of these mechanisms may be used with any of the prosthesis described herein to secure the prosthesis to the scapula. Alternatively, other mechanisms may be used individually or in combination with the above described securing mechanisms to fix the shoulder prostheses 30, 130, 230, 330 to a patient's scapula. For example, biocompatible plastic or metallic wires or bands may be used to fix the shoulder prostheses 30, 130, 230, 330 to a patient's scapula.
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