The present invention relates to siding systems and methods for structures and, more specifically, to siding systems and methods that enhance the seismic properties of siding elements made of material such as rock, stone, and/or concrete used as exterior siding of structures.
Buildings are often clad in discrete siding elements made of materials selected to form a waterproof external surface and to provide acceptable or enhanced aesthetics. Discrete siding materials typically take the form of sheets, planks, boards, or shingles that are typically fastened (e.g., nails or screws) or bonded (e.g., adhesives) to an external sheathing layer forming a part of a wall system defining the building.
Siding elements such as rock, stone, and/or concrete provide enhanced aesthetics. Siding elements made of rock, stone, or concrete may be bonded to the external sheathing layer. However, because of weight concerns, rock, stone, and/or concrete siding elements bonded to the sheathing layer are limited to a lower elevation.
Rock, stone, and/or concrete siding elements may be stacked such that the weight thereof is supported separately from the structural wall system and not directly by the sheathing layer of the wall system. However, the use of stacked siding elements can unacceptably increase costs of the building.
The need thus exists for improved siding systems and methods for forming an external cladding layer of a wall structure.
The present invention may be embodied as a retaining system for supporting at least one siding element relative to a wall structure comprises at least one edge groove formed in at least one siding element, at least one retainer defining at least one perimeter portion, and at least one fastener. The at least one perimeter portion extends into the at least one edge groove. At least one fastener secures the at least one retainer to the wall structure.
The present invention may also be embodied as a retaining system for supporting a plurality of siding elements relative to a wall structure comprising at least one edge groove formed in at least one siding element, at least one retainer defining first and second perimeter portions and first and second primary openings, and a fastener extending through each of the first and second primary openings to secure the at least one retainer to the wall structure. The first perimeter portion extends into the at least one edge groove of a first siding element. The second perimeter portion extends into the at least one edge groove of a second siding element.
The present invention may also be embodied as a method for supporting a plurality of siding elements relative to a wall structure comprising the following steps. At least one edge groove is formed in at least one siding element. At least one retainer defining first and second perimeter portions and first and second primary openings is provided. A fastener is extended through each of the first and second primary openings to secure the at least one retainer to the wall structure. The first perimeter portion is arranged to extend into the at least one edge groove of a first siding element. The second perimeter portion is arranged to extend into the at least one edge groove of a second siding element.
Referring initially to
The first example retaining system 20 comprises at least one retainer 30, at least one siding element 32, and at least one fastener 34. Each retainer 30 defines a base portion 40 and at least one wing or perimeter portion 42. The base portion 40 defines at least one primary opening 44 and, optionally, at least one secondary opening 46. The example siding elements 32 each define an outer surface 50, an inner surface 52, and at least one edge surface 54. At least a portion of at least one edge surface 54 defines an edge groove 56.
To form the first example retaining system 20, a selected retainer 30 is arranged with the at least one wing or perimeter portion 42 thereof within at least a portion of an edge groove 56 of at least one selected siding structure 32. A selected fastener 34 is then inserted through the at least one primary opening 44 formed in the selected retainer 30 and secured to the wall structure 26 such that the selected fastener 34 secures the selected retainer 30 in place relative to the wall structure 26. With the selected retainer 30 secured in place relative to the wall structure 26, the at least one wing or perimeter portion 42 of the selected retainer 30 inhibits movement of the selected siding structure 32 relative to the wall structure 26. The first example retaining system 20 thus inhibits movement of the at least one siding structure 32 relative to the wall structure 26 during, for example, seismic events.
With the foregoing general understanding of the construction and operation of the present invention in mind, the details of the first example retaining system 20 and wall system 24 incorporating that example retaining system 20 will now be described in further detail.
Initially, the first example retaining system 20 will typically comprise many of the siding elements 32 and will may also comprise different types of the siding elements 32. Further, a plurality of the retainers 30 will typically be provided for each of the siding structures 32 to enhance the ability of the example retaining system 20 to inhibit movement of each of the individual siding structures 32 relative to the wall structure 26. Finally, different types of the retainers 30 may be used depending on factors such as the type of siding element 32, the location of the retainer 30 relative to the siding element 32, and/or the location of the retainer 30 relative to the foundation 28. In the first example retaining system 20 as depicted in
The example first type 30A of the first example retainer 30 is depicted in and will be described with reference to
As shown in
Both types 30A and 30B of the first example retainer 30 may be made of any material of sufficient rigidity to bear the loads applied thereto by external forces such as seismic events and to withstand environmental factors such as water intrusion. The first example retainer 30 may thus be made of metal (e.g., cast or milled) or by plastic or composite materials (e.g., molded or milled). In any case, the material from the first example retainer 30 should be sufficiently rigid and durable to prevent, up to a maximum anticipated load, pull out of the fastener(s) 34 and/or deformation that would allow the wing or perimeter portion(s) 42 to be withdrawn from the edge groove 56 of the siding element 32.
Turning now to
The first siding type 32A, also referred to herein as a field siding element, is intended for installation along a planar section of the wall structure 26. The second siding type 32B, also referred to herein as a corner siding element, is intended for installation at corners where two planar sections of the wall structure 26 intersect. It should be understood that use both of the first and second siding types 30A and 32B, even in a wall structure defining a corner, is optional. Only the first siding type 32A may be used, in which case two siding elements of the first siding type 32A may be butted together to define the corner defined by two intersecting portions of the wall structure 26. Alternatively, a particular wall system using a siding system of the present invention may use only the second siding types 32B at the corner of a particular wall structure, in which case the remaining portions of the planar sections of that particular wall structure may be sided using another type of siding element and/or siding material.
The first siding type 32A defines an outer surface 50, an inner surface 52, at least one edge surface 54, and an edge groove 56 formed in at least a portion of at least one edge surface 54. The example outer surface 50 and example inner surface 52 of the example first siding type 32A are substantially planar and rectangular. The example first siding type 32A thus defines four edge surfaces 54a, 54b, 54c, and 54d. In the example first siding type 32A, four edge grooves 56a, 56b, 56c, and 56d are formed in the edge surfaces 54a, 54b, 54c, and 54d, respectively. While the example edge grooves 56a, 56b, 56c, and 56d extend along the entire length of the edge surfaces 54a, 54b, 54c, and 54d, these grooves may be formed in only a part of edge surfaces 54a, 54b, 54c, and 54d. Further, the edge grooves need not be formed in all of the edge surfaces 54a, 54b, 54c, and 54d.
The second siding type 32B defines an outer surface 60, an inner surface 62, at least one edge surface 64, and an edge groove 66 formed in at least a portion of at least one edge surface 64. The second example siding type 32B is configured to extend around right angle corners defined by the wall structure 26 and thus comprises a first portion 68a and a second portion 68b. The example outer surface 60 and example inner surface 62 of the example second siding type 32B are discontinuous and follow the first and second portions 68a and 68b. The example second siding type 32B thus defines four edge surfaces 64a, 64b, 64c, and 64d. In the example second siding type 32B, four edge grooves 66a, 66b, 66c, and 66d are formed in the edge surfaces 64a, 64b, 64c, and 64d, respectively. While the example edge grooves 66a, 66b, 66c, and 66d extend along the entire length of the edge surfaces 64a, 64b, 64c, and 64d, these grooves may be formed in only a part of edge surfaces 64a, 64b, 64c, and 64d. Further, the edge grooves need not be formed in all of the edge surfaces 64a, 64b, 64c, and 64d, as will be described in further detail below.
Referring for a moment back to
The example wall structure 26 comprises framing studs 80, exterior sheathing 82, and drywall 84. A wall cavity 86 is formed between the framing studs 80, exterior sheathing 82, and drywall 84. The wall cavity 86 is typically filled with insulating material (not shown). The exterior sheathing 82 defines an exterior surface 88 of the wall structure. In the example shown in
Further, other types of wall structures and siding systems may be used in place of the siding system 22 and the wall structure 26. As one example, a siding system of the present invention may comprise a rain barrier system in which one or more spaces are formed between the siding elements 32 and the moisture barrier 90. As another example, the wall structure may be masonry instead of stud framed. Different fastener(s) 34, and possibly an adhesive, may be used for a masonry wall. In any case, the fastener(s) 34 are sized and dimensioned to extend from the edge groove(s) 56 and beyond the exterior surface 88 of the wall structure 26 such that the fastener(s) 34 hold the retainer 30 in a desired orientation relative to the wall structure 26.
Referring for a moment back to
Typically, the siding elements 32 are arranged in a predetermined pattern as determined by functional and aesthetic concerns. Once the pattern of the siding elements 32 is determined, a pattern of the retainers 30 can be determined. The retainers 30 are typically hidden, so the pattern/location of the retainers 30 is primarily determined based on the ability of the retainers 30 to hold the siding elements 32 in place during the life of the structure of which the wall system 24 forms a part.
In the example depicted in
Typically, an engineer or technician will determine a pattern of the retainers 30 suitable for the particular wall system 24.
One example of the use of the secondary opening 46 is shown in
Turning now to
The second example retaining system 220 comprises at least one retainer 230, at least one siding element 232, and at least one fastener (not shown). The fastener may be the same as the fastener 34 and alternatives thereto described above and will not be described attain herein.
As shown in
To form the second example retaining system 220, a selected retainer 230 is arranged with the at least one wing or perimeter portion 242 thereof within at least a portion of an edge groove 254 of at least one selected siding structure 232. A selected fastener is then inserted through the at least one primary opening 244 formed in the selected retainer 230 and secured to the wall structure such that the selected fastener secures the selected retainer 230 in place relative to the wall structure. With the selected retainer 230 secured in place relative to the wall structure, the at least one wing or perimeter portion 242 of the selected retainer 230 inhibits movement of the selected siding structure 232 relative to the wall structure. The second example retaining system 220 thus inhibits movement of the at least one siding structure 232 relative to the wall structure during, for example, seismic events.
With the foregoing general understanding of the construction and operation of the present invention in mind, the details of the second example retaining system 220 and wall system 224 incorporating that example retaining system 220 will now be described in further detail.
Initially, the second example retaining system 220 will typically comprise many of the siding elements 232 and will may also comprise different types of the siding elements 232. Further, a plurality of the retainers 230 will typically be provided for each of the siding structures 232 to enhance the ability of the example retaining system 220 to inhibit movement of each of the individual siding structures 232 relative to the wall structure. Finally, different types of the retainers 230 may be used depending on factors such as the type of siding element 232, the location of the retainer 230 relative to the siding element 232, and/or the location of the retainer 230 relative to the foundation 226.
In the second example retaining system 220 as depicted in
As shown in
Like the first example retainer 30, both types 230A and 230B of the second example retainer 230 may be made of any material of sufficient rigidity to bear the loads applied thereto by external forces such as seismic events and to withstand environmental factors such as water intrusion. The second example retainer 230 may thus be made of metal (e.g., cast or milled) or by plastic or composite materials (e.g., molded or milled). In any case, the material from the first example retainer 230 should be sufficiently rigid and durable to prevent, up to a maximum anticipated load, pull out of the fastener(s) 234 and/or deformation of the wing or perimeter portion(s) 242 when used as described herein.
The siding elements 232 are all regular in shape, but the present invention may use siding elements 232 different types of siding elements and/or elements that are irregular in shape. Regular shapes are used for simplicity in the example wall system 224.
The siding element 232 defines an outer surface 250, an inner surface (not visible), at least one edge surface 252, and an edge groove 254 formed in at least a portion of at least one edge surface 252. The example outer surface 250 and example inner surface of the example siding element 232 are substantially planar and rectangular. The example siding element 232 thus defines four of the edge surfaces 252. In the example siding element 232, one edge groove 254 is formed in each of the edge surfaces 252. While the example edge grooves 254 extend along the entire length of the edge surfaces 252, these grooves may be formed in only a part of edge surfaces 252. Further, the edge grooves need not be formed in all of the edge surfaces 252. The second example retainer 230 is capable of engaging grooves formed only partly along the edge surfaces 252 at the corners of the siding elements 232 where the edge surfaces intersect.
The circular shape of the first type 230A of the second example retainers 230 allows the first retainer type 230A to engage four adjacent corners of the siding elements 232 in the field of the wall system 224. The semicircular shape of the second type 230B of the second example retainers 230 allows the retainer type 230B to engage two adjacent corners of the siding elements 232 along the bottom edge of the wall system 224 adjacent to the foundation 226.
While pointed oval and circular shapes of the first and second example retainers 30 and 230 are described herein, other shapes may be used, such as rectangular, cross, star, or the like.
In the foregoing discussion, upper case letter suffixes such as “A” and “B” are used to indicate different types of something and are not different from that something. For example, with respect to the example siding elements described herein, the first example retainer 30 as described herein is generic to and not different the first and second types 30A and 30B of that first example retainer 30. Similarly, the siding elements 32 as described herein is generic to and not different from the first and second siding types 32A and 32B.
Similarly, in the foregoing discussion lower case suffixes such as “a” and “b” are used to indicate different instances of something and are not different from that something. In particular, the example first and second wing or perimeter portions 42a and 42b extending from the base portion 40 of the first example retainers 30 are not different from the wing or perimeter portion 42 as described herein. And with respect to the example first and second primary openings 44a and 44b described herein, the first and second primary openings 44a and 44b formed in the base portion 40 of the first example retainers 30 are not different from the primary opening 44 as described herein.
This application (Attorney's Ref. No. P219494) claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/534,086 filed Jul. 18, 2017, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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62534086 | Jul 2017 | US |