1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a signal transmission method and device, and in particular to a signal transmission method and device by which line faults occurring over a ring network are avoided and signals transmitted over the ring network are relieved.
2. Description of the Related Art
As a signal transmission technology for enabling signal relief by avoiding line faults as mentioned above, a BLSR (Bi-directional Line Switched Ring) described hereinafter has been used.
BLSR:
The BLSR is a ring network technology having both of a working bandwidth normally used in a SONET and a protection bandwidth used as a detour path at the time of a line fault occurrence, and has a path switchover function (hereinafter, referred to as BLSR switchover) for the line faults.
Hereinafter, the BLSR switchover will be described referring to
In the ring network shown in
Also, in the ring network shown in
The BLSR switchovers for relieving signals by avoiding the line faults CF1 and CF2 shown in
(1) Ring Switchover:
It is supposed that in the ring network configuration using the BLSR (2F) shown in
If in this state the line fault CF1 occurs in the optical fiber FB1 between the transmission devices N1 and N4, both of the working bandwidth WB and the protection bandwidth PB become unavailable. Therefore, the transmission devices N1 and N4 recognize the line fault CF1 to perform a switchover operation as shown in
(2) Span Switchover:
It is supposed that in the ring network configuration using the BLSR (4F) shown in
When in this state the line fault CF2 occurs in the optical fiber FB1 (working bandwidth) between the transmission devices N1 and N4, the transmission devices N1 and N4 recognize the line fault CF2. However, since the transmission devices N1 and N4 recognize that the optical fiber FB2 (protection bandwidth) is available, with regard to the SONET signal SS added from the transmission device N1, “span switchover”, which switches over the bandwidth so as to avoid the line fault CF2 through a path of transmission device N1→optical fiber FB2 (protection bandwidth)→transmission device N4→optical fiber FB1 (working bandwidth)→transmission device N3 as shown by the dotted line (b), is performed for the destination transmission device N3.
Although not shown in
On the other hand, a recent transmission device can support various kinds of signal forms besides the above-mentioned SONET signal, so that an IP packet or the like can be supported.
Since the IP packet can perform routing per packet, a path over the ring network through which the IP packet is transmitted can be autonomously determined according to traffic or a fault.
IP Packet Routine:
Hereinafter, routing by the IP packet will be described by taking
As shown by the solid line (a) of
When in this state the line fault CF1 occurs in the optical fiber FB1 between the transmission devices N1 and N4, the IP packet IPP is transmitted as shown by the dotted line (b) through a path of transmission device N1→transmission device N2→transmission device N3 autonomously, i.e. in a connectionless basis by avoiding the line fault CF1.
Thus, the IP packet IPP can autonomously perform the routing. Therefore, the BLSR switchovers (1) and (2) operating at the above-mentioned transmission devices are not required. Contrarily, if the BLSR switchover is performed, the IP packet routing is likely to be confused.
Therefore, such needs that signal relief from the line fault should be performed by the BLSR switchover arise for a channel transmitting the SONET signal as shown in
The technology realizing the needs is NUT (Non-preemptiable Unprotected Traffic), which can invalidate or disable the BLSR switchover for a predetermined channel over the ring network.
NUT:
In the NUT technology, a NUT table registering NUT information for setting the BLSR switchover valid/invalid for each channel over the ring network is shared between transmission devices, which control validation/invalidation of the BLSR switchover for each channel based on the NUT information set in the NUT table by the transmission devices.
Hereinafter, the NUT table will be described referring to
As for the channels 001, 003, 097, and 099 for example, a ring switchover invalidation is set for the transmission devices N1-N4.
However, in order to share this NUT table between the transmission devices, a user manually performs setting for the transmission devices under present circumstances to create the NUT table.
For this reason, there is a risk that a misconnection is induced due to a setting mistake in the NUT table for a certain transmission device, and a problem that numerous man-hours are required for creating the NUT table.
On the other hand, when a line fault CF3 further occurs between the transmission devices N1 and N2 besides the line fault CF1 between the transmission devices N1 and N4 as shown in
In order to counter this, each transmission device has a squelching function squelching an add/drop output signal by the device itself.
Squelching Function:
In order to perform such a squelching function, a squelch table shown in
The squelch table, in which squelch information for each channel over the ring network is set, is for executing “squelching” by which ALL1 is set in signals respectively added and dropped so that the signals are squelched, when the SONET signal SS is set to be added from the transmission device N1 for e.g. the channel 001, and to be dropped from the transmission device N3 through the transmission device N4, as shown in the example of
Thus, in the above-mentioned ring network, both of the NUT technology and the squelching function are required, so that a technology for executing both of the NUT technology and the squelching function concurrently has already been proposed (see e.g. patent document 1).
Namely, in this patent document 1, as shown in
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2003-87279
In the above-mentioned patent document 1, a new field (used as a header field in which a NUT type, a relaying direction of a NUT table, a data field address within a frame storing the NUT table and the like are set) is added to the squelch information overhead in order to transmit the NUT table over the ring network. Also, the NUT table itself is stored in the data field within the frame to be transmitted.
In this case, together with an increase of the transmission devices and channels managed over the ring network, the size of the NUT table increases. Therefore, there is a problem that an increase of an information amount to be transmitted oppresses resources within the ring network and causes a processing load in the transmission devices.
It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a signal transmission method and device performing squelch processing in order to support a BLSR switchover not only when a single fault has occurred over a ring network but also when a plurality of faults have occurred over a ring network, thereby reducing an information amount to be transmitted over the ring network as much as possible.
This will now be described by referring to an operation principle of the present invention shown in
At the second step (or means), a NUT table for the predetermined channel is created based on the extracted NUT information.
Thus, in the signal transmission method (or device) of the present invention, the NUT information is set by using only the squelch information overhead for the predetermined channel within the channel group over the ring network, thereby enabling the transmission devices to create the NUT table for the predetermined channel based on the NUT information extracted from the squelch information overhead.
Namely, referring to
Thus, the NUT information can be inputted from the outside to be transmitted over the ring network.
Namely, referring to
Also, similarly in the transmission devices N4 and N1, the frames including the squelch information overhead in which the NUT information is set are received from the ring network respectively at the fourth step (or means), and the frames are transferred to the transmission devices N1 and N2.
Thus, by sequentially transferring the frames including the squelch information overhead in which the NUT information is set in a relaying direction, the NUT information can be shared between all of the transmission devices N1-N4, each of which can create the same NUT table.
Namely, since identifying information of a source transmission device from which a signal is added and identifying information of a destination transmission device from which a signal is dropped and outputted are required in order to create the squelch table, a format of the squelch information overhead shown in
Thus, the NUT information is composed of the source transmission device ID and the destination transmission device ID of the squelch information overhead. Both IDs are set so as to be equal, thereby enabling the BLSR switchover of the predetermined channel to be invalidated.
Namely, when allocated bit numbers of the source transmission device ID and the destination transmission device ID for example, are respectively 4 bits, there are 16 combinations (source transmission device ID, destination transmission device ID)=(0, 0), (1, 1), . . . , (15, 15) where the source transmission device ID and the destination transmission device ID are equal, and 16 types of information can be set as NUT information.
Namely, while the NUT information is set so that the source transmission device ID becomes equal to the destination transmission device ID in the squelch information overhead in the above-mentioned [4], when the source transmission device ID is not equal to the destination transmission device ID, it is possible to set the squelch information to be formed.
In this case, a transmission device ID of the a transmission device adding therefrom a signal and a transmission device ID of a transmission device dropping therefrom a signal are respectively set in the source transmission device ID and the destination transmission device ID.
At the third step (or device), when the squelch information is received, the squelch information is set in a record within the NUT table corresponding to the predetermined channel based on the squelch information.
It is to be noted that the creation of the squelch table may be performed independently of the creation of the NUT table. Since the squelch information overhead is never used concurrently for both purposes, the squelch information overhead is efficiently used, so that the squelch information or the NUT information is set.
Thus, it is possible to set the squelch information besides the NUT information in the NUT table. For example, when a plurality of line faults occur over the ring network and signal relief can not be performed by the BLSR switchover, the squelch processing can be executed based on the squelch information.
Namely, at the third step (or means) of the above-mentioned [2], after the transmission of the NUT information, the NUT information is transmitted to all of the transmission devices over the ring network at the fourth step (or means) of the above-mentioned [3], and return of the NUT information after having gone around the ring network is waited. Whether or not the NUT information transmitted is equal to the NUT information having returned after having gone around the ring network is determined. When both NUT information are not equal with each other it is determined that both NUT information are not properly transmitted, so that the NUT information is reset to release the setting of the NUT table of the transmission devices to be transmitted.
Thus, even when the NUT information is not properly transmitted and different NUT tables are set up in some transmission devices, the NUT information for releasing the NUT table is retransmitted, thereby enabling the equal NUT table to be created between the transmission devices.
Namely, in the above-mentioned [9], the transmission of the NUT information to all of the transmission devices over the ring network is determined based on whether or not the NUT information transmitted is equal to the NUT information having returned after having gone around the ring network. However, in the present invention [10], when the NUT information has not returned after having gone around the ring network after a lapse of predetermined time, it is determined that the NUT information has not been properly transmitted, so that the NUT information is reset to release the setting of the NUT table of the transmission devices to be transmitted.
Thus, even when the NUT information is not properly transmitted to all of the transmission devices over the ring network, and the NUT table setting in the transmission devices to which the NUT information has been transmitted is different from the NUT table setting in the transmission devices to which no NUT information has been transmitted, it becomes possible to create an equal NUT table between the transmission devices by retransmitting the NUT information for releasing the setting.
According to the present invention, the NUT information can be set by using only the squelch information overhead for a predetermined channel within a channel group over the ring network, and the NUT table can be created for the predetermined channel based on the NUT information extracted from the squelch information overhead by the transmission devices, so that the NUT information can be transmitted with a smaller transmission data amount without using an additional field or a data field for transmitting the NUT information.
Furthermore, even when the transmission device or channel managed over the ring network is increased, the transmission data amount for transmitting the NUT information is fixed, thereby enabling resource oppression within the ring network and a processing load in the transmission devices to be prevented.
The above and other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the reference numerals refer to like parts throughout and in which:
The signal transmission method and device according to the present invention are realized in the transmission devices N1-N4 as described referring to
NUT Table Creation Procedure/arrangement:
Firstly, a squelch information overhead-source transmission device shown in
Also, a squelch information overhead-receiving transmission device shown in
Hereinafter, the procedure example of the NUT table creation and the arrangement of the NUT table created by the procedure in a case where the span switchover or the ring switchover is set invalid or disable for a predetermined channel or in a case where squelch information is set will be described referring to
[1] NUT Table Creation Procedure in the Squelch Information Overhead-source Transmission Device:
(1) Span Switchover Invalidation Setting:
In the ring network of
For the other transmission devices N3, N4, and N1, as shown in the NUT information setting (1) of
On the other hand, the setting of the span switchover invalidation may be performed to not all of the ring network but only to a specified section, namely e.g. the section between the transmission devices N2 and N3 in the ring network configuration shown in
Therefore, the ring switchover invalidation is also set in the record corresponding to the device itself within the NUT table as shown in
Hereafter, the transmission device N2 enters a waiting operation of the NUT information go-around (at steps S10-S15), which will be described later.
(2) Ring Switchover Invalidation Setting:
The squelch information overhead-source transmission device N2 receives the request (NUT information shown in (1) of
At step S5, the ring switchover invalidation is set in the record corresponding to the device itself within the NUT table.
The ring switchover invalidation setting between the transmission devices N1 and N2, N3 and N4, and N4 and N1 is executed by setting “15” respectively in the source transmission device (SRC) ID and the destination transmission device (DST) ID of the squelch information overhead as shown in (1) of
Hereafter, the transmission device N2 enters a waiting operation of the NUT information go-around (at steps S10-S15).
As mentioned above, the NUT information for setting the span switchover and/or the ring switchover invalid is transmitted by using only the squelch information overhead for a predetermined channel within a channel group over the ring network, thereby enabling the transmission devices to create the NUT table based on the NUT information respectively.
(3) Squelch Information Setting:
The squelch information overhead-source transmission device N2 receives a request (squelch information shown in (2) of
At this step S8, the squelch information is set in the record corresponding to the device itself within the NUT table.
It is to be noted that the squelch information is added to the NUT table after having created the NUT table in the above description. To the contrary, the NUT information may be added to the squelch table after having created the squelch table.
Hereafter, as shown in the squelch information (2) of
[2] NUT Table Creating Procedure in Squelch Information Overhead-receiving Transmission Device:
(1) Span Switchover Invalidation Setting:
The squelch information overhead-receiving transmission device N3 receives the squelch information overhead from the ring network (at step S21) to determine whether or not the source transmission device ID of the squelch information overhead received is equal to the destination transmission device ID (at step S22). When both IDs are equal with each other, it is determined that the information is the NUT information. When the ID of both transmission devices is “13/13”, it is determined that the NUT information indicates the span switchover invalidation (at step S23), so that the span switchover invalidation is set in the record corresponding to the device itself within the NUT table (at step S24). This span switchover invalidation setting creates the NUT table as shown in
Thus, the span switchover invalidation setting in the NUT table, i.e. the setting of the NUT table corresponding to the transmission devices (e.g. transmission devices N2 and N3 in the ring network configuration shown in
According to the NUT information setting shown in (1) of
(2) Ring Switchover Invalidation Setting:
On the other hand, the transmission device N3 having received the squelch information overhead transferred (at step S21) determines that the information is the NUT information when the source transmission device ID of the squelch information overhead received is equal to the destination transmission device ID (at step S22), and further determines that the information is the NUT information indicating the ring switchover invalidation when the ID of both transmission devices is also “15/15” (at steps S23 and S27).
It is to be noted that when the ID of both transmission devices is not “15/15”, a release of setting is executed, which will be described later (at step S28).
In the same way as step S5 of
(3) Squelch Information Setting:
The squelch information overhead-receiving transmission device N3 receives the squelch information overhead from the ring network (at step S21), to determine that the information is the squelch information (at step S22) when the source transmission device ID of the squelch information overhead received is not equal to the destination transmission device ID, and to set the squelch information in the record corresponding to the device itself within the NUT table in the same way as the above-mentioned step S8 (at step S29). The squelch information overhead received is further transferred to the transmission device located in the relaying direction (at step S30). This transfer operation can be performed in the same way as the above-mentioned step S9.
[3] Waiting Operation of NUT Information Go-around: Steps S10-S12
The squelch information overhead-source transmission device N2 waits for the return of the squelch information overhead including the NUT information transmitted at step S6 after having gone around all of the transmission devices over the ring network (at step S10).
When the squelch information overhead is received (at step S11), it is determined (at step S12) whether or not the NUT information is properly transmitted and the ring switchover invalidation is set in the NUT tables in all of the transmission devices, namely the returned NUT information is “15/15”. As a result, if it is determined that the NUT information is properly transmitted, a normal response for the user request is returned (at step S13).
There will be described later a transmission for release of setting (at step S14) executed when the NUT information is not properly transmitted, and a transmission for release of setting (at step S15) executed when the squelch information overhead can not be received for a fixed time at step S11.
[4] Release Operation of NUT Table Setting:
Hereinafter, the release operation of the NUT table setting in the squelch information overhead-source transmission device and the receiving transmission device when the NUT information is transmitted to all of the transmission devices but the NUT information is not transmitted as proper NUT information will be described respectively.
(1) Release Operation of Setting at Step S14 (See
When the NUT information is not properly transmitted in the squelch information overhead-source transmission device N2, an abnormal response for the user request is returned (at step S14_1), and a preset value of the record corresponding to the device itself within the NUT table is returned to an original value (at step S14_2).
When the squelch information overhead-source transmission device N2 has failed in the invalidation setting of the span switchover, according to the NUT information setting (1) of
On the other hand, when the squelch information overhead-source transmission device N2 has failed in the invalidation setting of the ring switchover, “14” is similarly set for the source transmission device (SRC) ID and the destination transmission device (DST) ID of the squelch information overhead respectively in order to indicate the ring switchover validation (hereinafter, simply referred to as “14/14”) to be transmitted to the transmission device N3 located in the relaying direction (at steps S14—3 and S14—5).
(2) Release Operation of Setting at Step S15 (See
When the NUT information has not returned after a lapse of a predetermined time (at step S15—1), the same release of setting as the above-mentioned release operation (1) of NUT table setting (at steps S14—1-S14—5) is performed (at steps S15—2-S15—7).
On the other hand, within a predetermined time interval, the transmission device transitions to a reception waiting state of the squelch information overhead again, i.e. step S9 in
(3) Release Operation of Setting at Step S28 (See
When the NUT information set in the received squelch information overhead is the span switchover validation “12/12” (at step S28—1), the preset value of the record corresponding to the device itself within the NUT table is returned to the original value (span switchover validation and ring switchover validation) (at steps S28—2 and S28—3), so that the ring switchover validation “14/14” is set in the squelch information overhead to be transferred to the transmission device located in the relaying direction (at step S28—4).
On the other hand, when the NUT information received is the ring switchover validation “14/14” (at step S28—5), the preset value of the record corresponding to the transmission device itself within the NUT table is returned to the original value (ring switchover validation) (at steps S28—2 and S28—3), and the squelch information overhead is further transferred to the transmission device located in the relaying direction (at step S28—4).
Also, when the NUT information received is neither the span switchover validation nor the ring switchover validation, it is regarded as abnormal where nothing is done (at step S28—6).
As described above, even when the NUT information is not properly transmitted to all of the transmission devices, so that the NUT table setting is different in some transmission devices, it is possible to release the different NUT table setting and to return the setting to the same NUT table setting in the transmission devices.
[5] Signal Transmission Operation Example:
Hereinafter, a signal transmission operation example based on the setting of the NUT table created as mentioned above will be described referring to
(1) Signal Transmission Operation Example Upon Normal Operation:
Since no line fault has occurred, it is obvious that the BLSR switchover is not performed and the setting of the NUT table has nothing to do with the signal transmission.
(2) Signal Transmission Operation Example in a Case Where a Single Fault Occurs:
When the line fault CF1 occurs, both of the working bandwidth WB and the protection bandwidth PB become unavailable. Therefore, the transmission devices N1 and N4 recognize the line fault CF1, and perform signal relief based on the NUT information of the NUT table.
Since the BLSR switchover is set valid in the NUT information for the channel 001 in the NUT table shown in
Also, since the ring switchover is set invalid in the NUT information for the channel 002 of the NUT table shown in
Accordingly, the IP packet IPP is not confused by the BLSR switchover as shown by the long and short dashed line (b) of
(3) Signal Transmission Operation Example in a Case Where a Plurality of Faults Occur:
In this case, the signal relief by the BLSR switchover can not be performed. However, since the squelch information for the channel 001 in the NUT table shown in
Also, since the ring switchover is set invalid in the NUT information for the channel 002 of the NUT table shown in
Accordingly, the IP packet IPP is not confused by the BLSR switchover, so that the transmission is autonomously stopped.
It is to be noted that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and it is obvious that various modifications may be made by one skilled in the art based on the recitation of the claims.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2005-277080 | Sep 2005 | JP | national |