Patent Grant
7690479
This nonprovisional application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-178744 filed with the Japan Patent Office on Jun. 20, 2005, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to silencers and particularly to silencers used for example for internal combustion engines mounted in automobiles and the like.
2. Description of the Background Art
Vehicles and the like having an internal combustion engine or the like as a power source have a silencer mounted therein for the purpose of reducing noise caused by the internal combustion engine or the like.
The silencer is located under a floor of the vehicle. Accordingly, it is required to be more oblate as seen in cross section in order to ensure a sufficient cabin space and a minimal required spacing from the ground. It has been known, however, that such oblate geometry provides an increased area of a planar geometry of an outer cylinder and hence facilitates membrane vibration, resulting in disadvantageously increased radiating noise.
To address this, Japanese Utility Model Laying-Open No. 04-087312 proposes to provide an oblate outer cylinder with a reinforcement member along the cylinder's minor axis to enhance the cylinder in stiffness to reduce or prevent membrane vibration to reduce radiating noise.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-016494 proposes to provide an outer cylinder with a curving recess and protrusion to enhance the cylinder in stiffness to reduce or prevent the membrane vibration of the cylinder to reduce radiating noise.
The silencer described in Japanese Utility Model Laying No. 04-087312, however, has the reinforcement member and the silencer formed of discrete components, respectively. As such, it is difficult to sufficiently reduce or prevent the membrane vibration of the cylinder.
Furthermore, the silencer described in Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-016494 that has the outer cylinder provided with a curved geometry has a reduced capacity and hence muffles an insufficient amount of noise.
The present invention contemplates a silencer that overcomes the disadvantages described above.
In accordance with the present invention a silencer includes a smaller cylindrical member having a planer portion and a larger cylindrical member arranged in close contact with at least a portion of an outer peripheral surface of the smaller cylindrical member. The larger cylindrical member as seen in a direction orthogonal to an axis thereof provides an oblate cross section having a major axis and a minor axis. The smaller cylindrical member is arranged to have the planar portion traversing the major axis of the larger cylindrical member.
Preferably, the smaller cylindrical member may be arranged to have the planar portion substantially parallel to the minor axis of the larger cylindrical member.
Still preferably, more than one the smaller cylindrical member may be provided and arranged such that one thereof and another thereof have planar portions, respectively, in substantially close contact with each other.
In accordance with the present invention the smaller and larger cylindrical members are different in natural frequency. As such, they are less prone to resonance with each other and the membrane vibration of the outer cylinder formed thereof can be reduced or prevented. Furthermore, the smaller and larger cylindrical members cause friction therebetween, which can consume the energy of the membrane vibration and thus reduce or prevent the membrane vibration. As the membrane vibration of the outer cylinder can be reduced or prevented, the radiating noise generated from the outer cylinder can be reduced or prevented.
Furthermore, the planar portion can also serve as a member reinforcing the larger cylindrical member. This can increase the larger cylindrical member in stiffness and thus reduce or prevent its membrane vibration and hence the radiating noise generated from the outer cylinder.
Furthermore the smaller cylindrical members is arranged to have the planar portion substantially overlapping. This can increase the larger cylindrical member in stiffness and thus reduce or prevent its membrane vibration and hence further reduce or prevent the radiating noise generated from the outer cylinder.
The foregoing and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A best mode for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the figures.
The first smaller cylindrical member 2 has planar portion 2a with a through hole 4 penetrating front and rear sides of planar portion 2a and a burred hole 5 protruding outward, i.e., toward the second smaller cylindrical member 3, such that holes 4 and 5 are axially, positionally offset from each other. Similarly, the second smaller cylindrical member 3 has planar portions 3a with a through hole 6 formed at a position corresponding to burred hole 5 and a burred hole 7 at a position corresponding to through hole 4. Burred holes 5 and 7 have a radially outer geometry similar to and slightly smaller than the inner circumferential geometry of through holes 4 and 6 and can thus be inserted through through holes 4 and 6.
As burred hole 7 are fitted in through hole 4 and burred hole 5 is fitted in through hole 6, they form communication holes and the first and second smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 are combined together, and planar portions 2a and 3a are arranged opposite to each other and also substantially in close contact with each other. The first and second smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 communicate with each other through through holes 4 and 6 and burred holes 5 and 7.
Note that through holes 4 and 6 and burred holes 5 and 7 are only required to allow the first and second smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 to communicate with each other, and can be set, as desired, in radially outer geometry, number, area and the like.
The first and second smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 have an outer circumference surrounded by a larger cylindrical member 8. More specifically, larger cylindrical member 8 is a thin plate member of metal wound around the outer circumference to substantially closely contact the outer circumference and having a circumferential end bonded. In other words, larger cylindrical member 8 is provided to wrap the first and second smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 together.
Larger cylindrical member 8, as seen in a cross section taken in a direction orthogonal to its axis, is an oblate, oblong circle having a major axis X and a minor axis Y substantially orthogonal to major axis X.
Smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 have their respective planar portions 2a and 3a arranged to traverse major axis X of larger cylindrical member 8 and also substantially parallel to minor axis Y. In the first embodiment planar portions 2a and 3a are substantially orthogonal major axis X.
The first and second smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 and larger cylindrical member 8 form an outer cylinder, which has opposite ends with end plates 9 and 10 bonded thereto to form a substantially sealed container.
The first smaller cylindrical member 2 has an interior sectioned by a diaphragm 12 to form first and second chambers 15 and 16, and the second smaller cylindrical member 3 has an interior sectioned by diaphragms 13 and 14 to provide third, fourth and fifth chambers 17, 18 and 19.
Note that diaphragms 12, 13 and 14 can be provided at positions, as desired, to achieve a desired amount of noise muffled, desired back pressure, a desired extension ratio, and the like. Similarly, while in the present embodiment three diaphragms, i.e., five chambers are provided, any number of diaphragms, i.e., any number of chambers can be provided.
The first and second chambers 15 and 16 communicate with the fourth chamber 18 via through holes 4 and 6 and burred holes 5 and 7. Furthermore, the first and fifth chambers 15 and 19 communicate with each other through a space 21 formed between the outer cylinder and end plate 10, and the second and third chambers 16 and 17 communicate with each other through a space 22 formed between the outer cylinder and end plate 9.
An inlet pipe 25 connected to an upstream exhaust pipe (not shown) to introduce exhaust gas into silencer 1 is provided in the first smaller cylindrical member 2 to penetrate end plate 10 and diaphragm 12, and has the other (or downstream) end open in the first chamber 15.
An outlet pipe 26 connected to a downstream exhaust pipe (not shown) to guide exhaust gas out of silencer 1 is provided in the second smaller cylindrical member 3 to penetrate end plate 10 and diaphragms 13 and 14, and has the other (or upstream) end open in the third chamber 17. Outlet pipe 26 is provided with a large number of axially arranged interference holes 27 as shown in
A portion of outlet pipe 26 that is located in the fourth chamber 18, i.e., a portion 26a substantially opposite to through hole 6 and burred hole 7 is formed to have a curvature curving toward the inside of outlet pipe 26. Curvature 26a serves as a guide causing exhaust gas flowing from the first chamber 15 through burred hole 5 (through hole 6) into the fourth chamber 18 to flow through burred hole 7 (through hole 4) out into the second chamber 16. This allows the exhaust gas to flow smoothly and can thus contribute to reduced back pressure.
The first embodiment providing the above described structure has the following effect and function: smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 and larger cylindrical member 8 having geometries, respectively, as described above are different in natural frequency. As such, smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 and larger cylindrical member 8 are less prone to resonance with each other and the membrane vibration of the outer cylinder is reduced or prevented.
Planar portions 2a and 3a of smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 also serve as a member reinforcing larger cylindrical member 8. This can increase larger cylindrical member 8 in stiffness and thus reduce or prevent its membrane vibration. Furthermore in the first embodiment the first and second smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 are arranged to have their respective planar portions 2 and 3a substantially in close contact with each other. Planar portions 2a and 3a thus provide a two-ply configuration, and larger cylindrical member 8 can be enhanced in stiffness and its membrane vibration reduced or prevented.
Furthermore, smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 and larger cylindrical member 8 cause friction therebetween, which consumes the energy of the membrane vibration and thus reduces or prevents the membrane vibration. As the membrane vibration of the outer cylinder can be reduced or prevented, the radiating noise generated from the outer cylinder can be reduced or prevented.
While in the first embodiment the first and second smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 are substantially identical in geometry, they may be different in geometry.
While in the first embodiment the first and second smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3, i.e., two smaller cylindrical members are provided, only a single smaller cylindrical member 32 as shown in
Smaller cylindrical member 32 has a structure similar to that of the first smaller cylindrical member 2 described in the first embodiment and has a planar portion 32a similar to planar portion 2a. Larger cylindrical member 8 similar to that of the first embodiment is arranged to substantially closely contact the outer circumferential surface of smaller cylindrical member 32 excluding planar portion 32a. Along an inner circumferential surface of larger cylindrical member 8 that the outer surface of smaller cylindrical member 32 does not contact, a shell member 33 in the form of a plate is curved and thus arranged to substantially closely contact the inner circumferential surface of larger cylindrical member 8.
Shell member 33 may or may not have a circumferential end bonded to smaller cylindrical member 32, although preferably shell member 33 has the circumferential end bonded to smaller cylindrical member 32.
Similarly as described in the first embodiment, planar portion 32a traverses major axis X of larger cylindrical member 8 and is substantially parallel to minor axis Y of larger cylindrical member 8.
The remainder in structure is similar to that described in the first embodiment. Accordingly, similar members are denoted by reference characters similar to those in the first embodiment and will not be described repeatedly.
The second embodiment can also achieve an effect similar to that of the first embodiment.
While in the first embodiment the first and second smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3, i.e., two smaller cylindrical members are provided, first, second and third smaller cylindrical members 41, 42 and 43, i.e., three smaller cylindrical members may be provided as shown in
The first and second smaller cylindrical members 41 and 42 are formed to be similar to the first and second smaller cylindrical members 2 and 3 of the first embodiment; they are formed in the form of the letter D as seen in cross section and have planar portions 41a and 42a similar to planar portions 2a and 3a. The third smaller cylindrical member 43 is arranged between the first and second smaller cylindrical members 41 and 42 and has planar portions 43a and 43b at opposite side surfaces facing the first and second smaller cylindrical members 41 and 42.
The first and second smaller cylindrical members 41 and 42 have their respective planar portions 41a and 42a opposite each other with the third smaller cylindrical member 43 posed therebetween and one planar portion substantially closely contacts another planer portion. Each planar portion 41a, 42a, 43, 43b closely contacting another traverses major axis X of larger cylindrical member 8 and are also parallel to minor axis Y of larger cylindrical member 8.
Inlet pipe 25 similar to that described in the first embodiment is arranged in the first smaller cylindrical member 41 and outlet pipe 26 similar to that described in the first embodiment is arranged in the second smaller cylindrical member 42.
The remainder in structure is similar to that described in the first embodiment. Accordingly, the members similar to those of the first embodiment are similarly denoted and will not be described repeatedly.
The third embodiment can also achieve an effect to similar to those of the first and second embodiments.
While in the first to third embodiments the silencer as seen in a direction orthogonal to its axis provides a cross section in the form of an oblong circle, the cross section is only required to be oblate, and other than the oblong circle, the cross section can be set as desired, such as an ellipse, a rectangle, or the like.
Furthermore, while as described in the first to third embodiments, larger cylindrical member 8 has major and minor axes X and Y orthogonal to each other, other cylindrical member 8 may not have has major and minor axes X and Y orthogonal to each other.
It should be noted that the present invention has been described as being applicable to vehicular or similar internal combustion engines, the present invention is also applicable to silencers of any types of exhaust gas generation devices of general-purpose engines, stationary combustion devices, and the like.
Although the present invention has been described and illustrated in detail, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, the spirit and scope of the present invention being limited only by the terms of the appended claims.
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