This invention relates to excavation tools, and more particularly to ripper-and-bucket type excavation tools.
Excavation tools of the types described herein are typically mounted to conventional excavators of the type having a backhoe. The backhoe includes a dipper stick, and the tool is mounted on the outboard end of the dipper stick. The tools are employed for excavation of difficult-to-excavate intermediate substrate, e.g. substrate between the category of loose soil or loose gravel and the category of solid rock. Intermediate substrate requires special tools to be excavated efficiently. Loose soil or gravel can be excavated with a conventional bucket, but a conventional bucket is generally not effective in intermediate substrate. Solid rock excavation generally requires a hydraulic hammer, but a hydraulic hammer is not efficient for excavating intermediate substrate. Attempts have been made to develop tools that are effective and efficient in excavating intermediate substrate. Simply stated, there have been three general approaches, i.e. the single tooth approach; the added articulated tooth approach, in which a tooth is positioned behind the bucket; and the multi-tooth bucket approach, where several teeth are mounted on the back side of the bucket, e.g. as described in Arnold U.S. Pat. No. 4,279,085 and Arnold U.S. Pat. No. 4,457,085. Each of these approaches has been found to have drawbacks and none is efficient and effective for excavation of intermediate substrate.
Other prior art tools include the single pointed ripper (SPR, shown in
The trapezoidal “V” bucket (TVB, shown in
The cribbing bucket (CB, shown in
The strata “V” rock bucket (SVRB, shown in
The single pointed ripper bucket of this disclosure is a new style ripper/bucket combination primarily for use by excavators and backhoes. It allows an operator to easily rip rock, coral shale, caliche, decomposed granite, limestone, sandstone, asphalt and frozen ground with maximum breakout force, pry out and carry stumps or boulders, rip a clean, narrow v-shape trench for laying utilities, plus scoop and load material.
According to the disclosure, a single pointed ripper bucket excavation tool (SPRB) for use mounted to an arm of an excavation machine comprises a body mounted for rotation from the arm, a pair of generally flat, side plates mounted to the body and narrowing from a first width in a region of the body to a second, relatively smaller width at a tip region spaced from the body, a single ripper tooth mounted in the tip region of the ripper bucket, and one or more plate members mounted to span a region between the side plates, rearward of the ripper tooth in a direction of ripping motion, and defining, with the side plates, a ripper bucket volume for receiving material ripped from the substrate during ripping motion.
Preferred embodiments of the disclosure may include one or more of the following additional features. The ripper tooth is replaceably mounted to the ripper bucket. The ripper tooth comprises a nosepiece adapter. The ripper tooth terminates in a tip, and the ripper tooth is disposed at a predetermined angle measured rearward from the line between the tooth tip and the bucket arm pivot. Preferably, the predetermined angle is in a range of between about 30° and about 70°. The ripper tooth is selected from the group consisting of: single point teeth and multiple point teeth. The ripper tooth is a double point ripper tooth having a first ripper tooth portion and a second ripper tooth portion, the first ripper tooth portion being angularly advanced relative to the second ripper tooth portion in a general direction of substrate ripping motion, whereby the first ripper tooth tip is engaged for ripping the substrate before the second ripper tooth tip is engaged for ripping the substrate. The ripper bucket defines a bottom surface generally following a curve having its center near the ripper bucket arm pivot. The side plates define front leading edges that curve in an upward concave shape angled rearwardly, away from the arm pivot radial centerline. The arm is a dipper arm or a boom arm. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present disclosure, suitable methods and materials are described below. All publications, patent applications, patents, and other references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety. In case of conflict, the present specification will control. In addition, the materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting. Other features and advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description, and/or from the claims.
Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.
Referring to
Many utility contractors want to bury utility lines, pipes and cables without having to rip rectangular-shape trenches through rock, and then have to backfill the displaced material after laying the utility line. Using a single-pointed ripper bucket 10 of the disclosure, an operator can rip a narrow v-shape trench, allowing the utility to be laid in the bottom of the trench, and minimizing the handling of backfill material. In locations where rock bedding is required, the quantity of required bedding material is reduced, due to the very narrow trench bottom.
The single pointed ripper bucket 10 also facilitates prying of stumps, boulders and flat rock slab formations that can be pried with existing single pointed rippers (e.g., as shown in
Since rock fractures at an upward angle, after the rock is ripped with the tooth, the rough sides that are produced leave protruding irregular shaped rock patterns which are then broken off by the following side leading edges 13, 15 of the single pointed ripper bucket 10. As best seen in
Other advantages of the single pointed ripper bucket 10 of the disclosure will now be described.
The combination of applying the full breakout force through one tooth 22 and relatively shorter length, e.g. as compared to a standard SPR (e.g., as shown in
The curved shape and narrow width of the single pointed ripper bucket 10 facilitates prying to a degree not found with other ripper/bucket combinations.
The single pointed ripper bucket 10 rips a minimum amount of rock and other material by not requiring ripping of the bottom corners of the trench, e.g. as compared to ripping a square shaped trench bottom, thereby reducing the amount of rock necessary to be ripped, e.g. for utility contractors laying cables or pipes in rock.
The single pointed ripper bucket 10 also reduces the amount of backfilling by making it unnecessary to backfill corners of the trench.
The single pointed ripper bucket 10 shapes the sides of the v-shape trench by scraping the angled side surfaces 32, 34 of the ripper bucket 10 against the ripped side walls of the trench, thus creating a clean, uniform v-shape ripped trench, e.g. as compared to a single pointed ripper that leaves the sides in rough condition.
Stump ripping can be easier with an single pointed ripper bucket 10, e.g. as compared to using a conventional bucket or SPR (e.g., as shown in
The relatively wider, curved, cupping shape of the single pointed ripper bucket 10 offers more support for trapping items between the ripper bucket 10 and the machine arm or thumb when cradling rocks and stumps.
The bucket volume, V, of the single pointed ripper bucket 10 fills and empties easily, permitting the operator to scoop materials such as rock, coral shale, caliche, decomposed granite, limestone, sandstone, and other non-sticky materials, e.g. for scooping and cleaning out ripped rock debris.
The effective ripper/bucket combination offered by the SPRB 10 of the disclosure is typically considerably less expensive than other ripper/bucket combination products on the market.
Novel features of the single pointed ripper bucket 10 include the following:
The ripper bucket 10 has a single tooth 22, and the tooth is preferably replaceable with a wide range of different tooth tip designs, including single points (e.g., as seen in
The overall width of the single pointed ripper bucket 10 at the top (in the region of the body 16) is relatively narrow, but yet wide enough to be outside of the arm and linkage connection structure. The narrow top reduces the possibility that the structural side plates 12, 14 will warp or fail during ripping or prying.
The bottom surface 26 follows a curve having its center near the bucket arm pivot. The ripper bucket bottom being within this radius ensures that bottom surface of the ripper bucket clears un-ripped material during rotation of the ripper bucket 10 about the arm pivot, while having the ripper bucket bottom surface 26 follow relatively closely to the radius maximizes the capacity of the bucket. This curved shape of the bucket bottom surface 26 also creates a heel that clears the un-ripped material, while also providing sufficient structure to serve as a prying fulcrum against the ground surface, e.g., to pry out a stump or boulder.
The front leading edges 13, 15 of the side plates 12, 14 are curved in an upward concave shape, which causes material to be displaced upwards, relieving the material, when the ripper bucket 10 is used for ripping through hard rock or frost, rather than sideways, which could cause binding or compression of the material. This curved shape also allows the point of the ripper bucket (in the region of the tooth 22) to be narrow and thin so that the operator can insert the tip beneath a boulder or stump for prying. An operator, by rolling the ripper bucket 10 forward, thus pinching a boulder or stump between the bucket side leading edges 13, 15 and the arm of the machine, and employing the curved shape of the ripper bucket 10, can more easily cup and/or transport the boulder or stump.
The tooth adapter 20 may be a one- or two-strap adapter type mounted upon the narrow horizontal front leading edge 24 of the single pointed ripper bucket 10, or it can be a weld-on nosepiece adapter type welded on the end of a curved center shank. To facilitate ripping of rock and frozen ground, the tooth adapter 20 is preferably mounted such that the tooth 22 forms an angle in the range of between about 30° and 70° rearward from the line between the tooth tip or tips 23 and the bucket arm pivot.
For torsion strength, the upper structure 16 may be constructed of a horizontal cross tube 18 that is connected to the linkage ears or to the coupler connection that attaches to the excavator or backhoe linkage arm.
A number of embodiments of the invention have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the side leading edges 13, 15, of the single pointed ripper bucket 10 may be fitted with replaceable bolt-on or weld-on side cutters for severe applications. Accordingly, other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims.
This application is a continuation (and claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. 120) of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/776,966, filed Jul. 12, 2007 now abandoned, which claims benefit from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/834,865, filed Aug. 1, 2006. The application is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/735,117, filed Apr. 13, 2007, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,739,815, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/214,607, filed Aug. 29, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,322,133, which claims benefit from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/631,525, filed Nov. 29, 2004, now abandoned, and which is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/762,733, filed Jan. 22, 2004, now abandoned, which claims benefit from U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/442,031, filed Jan. 23, 2003, now abandoned. The complete disclosures of all of these applications are incorporated herein by reference.
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20110000108 A1 | Jan 2011 | US |
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Parent | 11776966 | Jul 2007 | US |
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Parent | 12882820 | US | |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 11735117 | Apr 2007 | US |
Child | 12882820 | US | |
Parent | 11214607 | Aug 2005 | US |
Child | 11735117 | US | |
Parent | 10762733 | Jan 2004 | US |
Child | 11214607 | US |