Patent Application
20120175348
The invention relates to a single-pole breaking unit comprising a rotary contact bridge, at least one stationary contact operating in conjunction with said contact bridge and connected to a current input conductor, a rotary bar having a transverse hole accommodating said contact bridge with clearance, which contact bridge is salient on each side of the bar, said rotary bar being inserted between two side panels of the breaking unit, said side panels being substantially parallel to one another. Said rotary contact bridge also comprises two sealing flanges respectively placed between the radial surfaces of the rotary bar and the side panels to ensure tightness between the inside and the outside of the breaking unit. At least one arc extinguishing chamber opens onto an opening volume of the contact bridge.
The invention also relates to a switchgear device comprising such a breaking unit.
The invention also relates to a circuit breaker comprising such a switchgear device.
The use of a contact bridge in switchgear devices is described in numerous patents, in particular Patents EP0538149 and EP0560697 filed by the applicant.
In known manner, as represented in
To guarantee efficient electric current breaking, gas leaks at the level of the drive spindles of the bar 26 have to be avoided. These gas leaks have the effect of creating a backflow and of hampering insertion of the arc in the arc extinguishing chambers.
Tight sealing between the rotary bar and the moulded case is therefore necessary. This sealing can be achieved by means of two flanges respectively placed on the surfaces of the bar between said bar and the inner wall of the two large side panels. The efficiency of these solutions does however remain perfectible. The flanges are fitted around the drive spindle with an axial operating clearance that may be responsible for passage of the gases involved in current breaking.
The object of the invention is therefore to remedy the shortcomings of the state of the art so as to propose a breaking unit with a rotary bar comprising efficient sealing means.
The rotary bar of the breaking unit according to the invention comprises at least one channel directly connected between the pass-through accommodating hole and a radial surface so that the quenching gases can flow directly via said channel to at least one sealing flange in order to push same against one of the side panels to achieve tightness.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the rotary bar comprises two channels respectively connected between the transverse accommodating hole and a radial surface so that the quenching gases can flow directly via said channels to the sealing flanges in order to push same against one of the side panels to achieve tightness.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the rotary bar comprises a pass-through channel passing right through the rotary bar from a first radial surface to a second radial surface.
Advantageously, the pass-through channel comprises a longitudinal axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the rotary bar.
Advantageously, the pass-through channel comprises a longitudinal axis aligned with a longitudinal axis of the rotary bar so that the quenching gases can exert a thrust force substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of said bar and distributed uniformly on the sealing flanges.
Preferably, the sealing flanges comprise lateral cheeks at least partially covering the longitudinal surface of the rotary bar.
Preferably, the lateral cheeks partially dose the transverse hole accommodating the bar.
Preferably, the lateral cheeks are positioned over the whole cylindrical periphery of the sealing flange.
According to a mode of development of the invention, the sealing flanges comprise at least one eccentric passage hole designed for passage of a joining bar to mechanically secure several bars to one another, the joining bar being commanded by a mechanism common to the set of several single-pole units.
Advantageously, the breaking unit comprises a pair of stationary contacts, each stationary contact operating in conjunction with the rotary contact bridge and a current input conductor. The unit comprises two arc extinguishing chambers respectively opening onto an opening volume of the contact bridge. Each arc extinguishing chamber is connected to at least one quenching gas exhaust channel, said exhaust channels opening onto a line-side panel of the case of the breaking unit, said line-side panel being positioned opposite another load-side panel designed to be placed in contact with trip means.
Advantageously, said quenching gas exhaust channels join one another in a common duct opening onto the line-side panel of the case of the breaking unit.
Preferably, the quenching gas exhaust channels respectively of a first and second extinguishing chamber are of different lengths, the quenching gases flowing in a first gas exhaust channel being designed to suck the gases flowing in a second channel by Venturi effect.
According to a mode of development of the invention, said at least one gas exhaust channel of an arc extinguishing chamber passes through at least one decompression chamber comprising at least one inner wall covered by at least one metal sheet.
The switchgear device according to the invention comprises at least one breaking unit as defined in the foregoing. Said device comprises an actuating mechanism of the contacts, said at least one breaking unit being designed to be connected on the one hand to the trip device 7 at the level of the load-side terminal strip 5 and on the other hand to a current line to be protected at the level of a load-side terminal strip 4.
The circuit breaker according to the invention comprises a switchgear device as defined in the foregoing. Said circuit breaker comprises a trip device connected to the load-side terminal strips of the switchgear device.
Other advantages and features will become more clearly apparent from the following description of a particular embodiment of the invention, given for illustrative and in no way restrictive example purposes only, represented in the appended drawings in which:
According to an embodiment of the invention, the circuit breaker 100 comprises a trip device 7 associated with a switchgear device 600.
The switchgear device 600 according to the invention comprises at least one single-pole breaking unit 10. The single-pole breaking unit according to the invention is designed to be connected on the one hand to the trip device 7 at the level of the load-side terminal strip 5 and on the other hand to a current line to be protected at the level of a load-side terminal strip 4. The single-pole breaking unit 10 is also called cartridge.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention as represented in
With a concern for simplification of presentation of a preferred embodiment of the invention, the elements composing the switchgear apparatus 100, and in particular the single-pole breaking units 10 forming the breaking device 600, will be described in relation with the position of use in which the circuit breaker 100 is fitted in place in a panel, with the nose 9 comprising a vertical handle parallel to the mounting panel, the line-side connection terminal strips 4 on the electric line located at the top and forming the top surface 74 of the breaking device 100 and the trip device 7 at the bottom. The use of the relative position terms such as “lateral”, “top”, “bottom”, etc. should not be interpreted as a limiting factor. The handle is designed to command an actuating mechanism 8 of the electric contacts.
Each single-pole breaking unit 10 enables a single pole to be interrupted. Said unit is advantageously in the form of a flat case 12 made from moulded plastic, with two parallel large panels 14 separated by a thickness e. In particular, in the illustrated embodiment, the thickness e is about 23 mm for a 160 A rating.
The case 12 is formed by two parts, which preferably present mirror symmetry, secured to one another via their large panels 14 by any suitable means. As illustrated in a preferred embodiment in
The single-pole breaking unit comprises a breaking mechanism 20 housed in the case 12. The breaking mechanism 20 comprises a movable contact bridge 22 able to rotate around an axis of rotation Y. The movable contact bridge 22 comprises at least one end comprising a contact strip. Said contact strip of the movable contact bridge 22 is designed to operate in conjunction with a stationary contact. Said bridge is mounted pivoting between an open position in which the contact strip is separated from a stationary contact 41 and a current flow position in which it is in contact with the stationary contact 41.
The movable contact bridge 22 is mounted floating in a rotary bar 26 having a transverse hole 21 accommodating said contact bridge. The movable contact bridge 22 passing through the transverse accommodating hole 21 is salient from the bar 26. Said rotary bar 26 is fitted between two side panels 14 of the case 12 of the breaking unit 10.
According to a mode of development of the invention represented in
The rotary bar 26 comprises at least one channel 29 in direct connection between the transverse accommodating hole 21 and a side panel 14 so that the quenching gases can flow directly via said channel to at least one sealing flange 27 in order to push same against one of the side panels 14 to achieve tight sealing.
According to a first alternative embodiment, the rotary bar 26 preferably comprises two channels 29 respectively connected between the transverse accommodating hole 21 and a radial surface so that the quenching gases can flow directly via said channels to the sealing flanges 27 in order to push same against the side panels 14 to achieve tight sealing.
According to a second alternative embodiment, the channel 29 of the rotary bar 26 is preferably pass-through and passes right through the rotary bar 26 from a first radial surface to a second radial surface. Said pass-through channel 29 preferably comprises a longitudinal axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the rotary bar 26. The pass-through channel 29 further preferably comprises a longitudinal axis aligned with a longitudinal axis of the rotary bar 26 so that the quenching gases can exert a thrust force substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the bar and distributed uniformly on the sealing flanges.
According to a particular embodiment of the sealing flanges 27, said flanges comprise lateral cheeks at least partially covering the longitudinal surface of the rotary bar 26 to partially close the transverse accommodating hole 21. The lateral cheeks are preferably positioned on the whole cylindrical periphery of the sealing flange 27.
According to a preferred embodiment illustrated in
As, according to a particular embodiment of the invention as described in particular in French Patent application filed on this day in the name of the Applicant and entitled: “Switchgear device having at least one single-pole breaking unit comprising a contact bridge and circuit breaker comprising such a device”, the case 12 of the breaking unit 10 further comprises arrangements for optimization of the gas flow. Each arc extinguishing chamber 24 comprises at least one outlet connected to at least one quenching gas exhaust channel 38, 42. Said exhaust channels 38, 42 are designed to remove the gases via at least one pass-through hole 40 positioned on a line-side panel of the case 12 positioned opposite another load-side panel. The load-side panel of the case 12 is designed to be placed in contact with the trip device 7.
Each arc extinguishing chamber 24 comprises at least one exchange space between two fins 25 connected to a gas exhaust channel 38, 42. All the exchange spaces are preferably connected to the gas exhaust channels 38, 42 at the level of an area at a distance from the volume opening onto the rear wall and at the level of the side walls of the arc extinguishing chamber 24
According to this embodiment, assembly of the contact bridge 22 and of the rotary bar 26 in a single-pole breaking unit 10 is “reversed”. It is desired for the handle 9 of the contact actuating mechanism 8 (see
The movable contact bridge 22 is thus rotary in the clockwise direction between an open position and a closed position of the contacts. Thus, in this preferred embodiment in which the direction of rotation of the rotary contact bridge is reversed, gas exhaust from the contact connected to the load-side terminal strip 5, which should in traditional manner be directed downwards and towards the rear of the apparatus, is displaced to the top and the front of the breaking unit 10. The area located at the rear and at the bottom of the apparatus corresponds to an area in which the trip device 7 and any fixing supports that may exist, such as in particular a DIN rail, are placed. In particular, the substantially rectangular shape of the enclosure of the case 12 of the breaking unit 10 is extended on the front side by a first gas exhaust channel 38. Said first channel enables the quenching gases to be directed from the load-side terminal strip 5 coupled with the trip device 7 to the top part of the switchgear apparatus 100. The quenching gases are removed to the outside of the case via a pass-through hole 40. The positioning of the pass-through hole 40 in the top part of the breaking device and in particular above the line-side terminal strip 4 also reduces the risks of arc flashovers.
The exhaust gases emanating from the contact 41 connected to the line-side terminal strip 4 are further advantageously also directed upwards and towards the front of the breaking unit 10 via at least one second exhaust channel 42. In particular, said at least one exhaust channel 42 is at least partially positioned in the parallel large panels 14 of the case 12 of the breaking unit 10.
As represented in
According to a mode of development of the invention represented in
According to a first alternative embodiment, the gas exhaust channels 38 and 42 respectively of a first and second arc extinguishing chamber 24 are of different lengths, the quenching gases flowing in a first gas exhaust channel being designed to suck the gases flowing in a second channel by Venturi effect.
Advantageously, each part of the case 12 is moulded with internal arrangements enabling relatively stable positioning of the different elements composing the breaking mechanism 20, in particular two symmetrical housings for each of the arc extinguishing chambers 24, and a circular central housing enabling the bar 26 to be fitted.
As, according to a particular embodiment of the invention as described in particular in French Patent application filed on this day in the name of the Applicant and entitled: “Functional spacer for separating the cartridges in a multipole breaking device and circuit breaker”, the single-pole units 10 are assembled by means of spacers 46 to form a double enclosure 48. It is advantageous to take advantage of this architecture to integrate each lateral exhaust channel 42 partly in the spacer 46. In particular, as illustrated in
The single-pole breaking units 10 are designed to be driven simultaneously and are coupled for this purpose by least one rod 30, in particular at the level of the bar 26, and for example by holes 32 forming the limiting stops of the movable contact bridge 22. According to a preferred embodiment, a single drive rod 30 is used and each part of case 12 comprises a hole 34 in the form of an arc of a circle enabling at least mobilization of the rod 30 passing through the latter between the current flow position and the open position.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention as represented in
The inner wall covered by said sheet preferably forms part of a decompression chamber 43. This metal sheet 85 constitutes a particle trap which serves the purpose on the one hand of capturing the metallic particles originating from breaking in order on the one hand to thermally protect the plastic parts situated downstream from the trap and on the other hand to reduce the temperature of the quenching gases. The particle trap further protects the plastic parts of the channel situated behind said at least one metal sheet 85 and enhances the tightness of the sealing surface of the case 12.
The use of at least one metal sheet 85 at least partially covering the inner wall of the gas exhaust channel enables good capture of the molten steel and copper balls resulting from erosion of the separators, contacts and conductors when current breaking takes place. Said at least one metal sheet comprises a minimum thickness to prevent the molten balls from transpiercing the latter. The minimum thickness is preferably comprised between 0.3 and 3 mm to be adjusted according to the breaking energy of the product.
Said at least one metal sheet 85 is made from steel, copper or an iron-based alloy.
As represented in
Said at least one metal sheet 85 at least partially covers the inner surface of the exhaust channel. The metal sheet extends along the longitudinal axis of the channel. The total length L of inner wall covered by said at least one metal sheet 85 in the direction of flow is at least equal to the square root of the smallest cross-section of flow S of the channel measured upstream from said sheet. The largest possible length is desirable to reduce the temperature of the gases. The required minimum length is expressed according to the following equation:
L≧√Smin
with 5 min the surface of the minimum cross-section of the exhaust channel.
Said at least one metal sheet 85 further extends on the internal perimeter P of the exhaust channel in a perpendicular direction to the gas flow direction. The required minimum distance I over which said sheet extends is expressed according to the following equation:
Pm/10≦I≦Pm
Pm being the mean perimeter of the gas exhaust channel in which the particle trap is situated.
Said decompression chamber is preferably positioned as close as possible to the outlet of the arc extinguishing chamber. According to a particular embodiment, the decompression chamber is placed under the bottom wall of the arc extinguishing chamber 24.
According to a second variant of the embodiments, a gas exhaust channel 38 comprises a rotary valve 45 designed to be driven in rotation by flow of the quenching gases. Rotation of the valve from a first position to a second position is designed to actuate trip means of the switchgear apparatus to bring about opening of the contacts.
The circuit breaker 100 according to the invention obtained in this way enables the following at first sight antinomic industrial requirements to be complied with as best as possible:
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0904455 | Sep 2009 | FR | national |
| 0904456 | Sep 2009 | FR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR10/00591 | 8/30/2010 | WO | 00 | 3/16/2012 |
