The present invention is directed to a water gun and more particularly, to a water gun having a pressure chamber into which water is pumped and held under pressure for release from the water gun.
Toy water guns are known which utilize pressurized air or a pressurized bladder as the motive force for discharging water from the gun upon release of a nozzle valve. U.S. Pat. No. 4,135,559 describes a water toy and fill valve combination. The water toy includes a resiliently expandable tubular bladder which serves as the pressurized water reservoir and the motive member for discharging water from the gun. Pressurized water is loaded into the bladder via the fill valve combination such that the bladder expands due to water pressure of the water from the fill valve. A trigger is provided which is connected to a release valve is provided for allowing water to be ejected from the toy water gun.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,799,827 discloses a similar water gun having a tubular bladder arranged in a tubular holding member. A separate water tank is located on the gun which holds water at ambient pressure. A pump located on the gun is utilized to transfer water from the ambient pressure water tank into the bladder, expanding the bladder. Upon release of a nozzle valve, water is ejected from the toy gun.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,878,914 discloses a similar toy water gun utilizing a water tank with water at ambient pressure, a pump and a balloon-shaped bladder located in a bladder chamber. Specialized valving means are provided to allow air drawn in to the pump from the water reservoir to be pumped back into the reservoir instead of the bladder. An alternate type of pressure chamber is also described in which the pressure chamber is formed by a spring-loaded wall which can be compressed within a chamber.
A drawback with these types of arrangements is that it is difficult and costly to produce a tubular or balloon-shaped bladder economically and with the desired characteristics to provide for fluid discharge with a relatively constant pressure during the entire discharge operation. Additionally, the elastic constant for the bladder material slowly degrades with age and use so that the bladder loses some elasticity over time. In the case of a spring-loaded wall type pressure chamber, the spring relaxes over time and therefore performance drops.
Additionally, it is difficult to provide a single elastic constant for the bladder or spring constant for a spring-walled chamber that allows for ease of use for both younger children, who have less strength to overcome the spring or elastic force to charge the pressure chamber, as well as higher performance for older children and teens who can apply more pumping force.
Briefly stated, the present invention provides a toy water gun. The water gun includes a housing having a handle with a trigger as well as a barrel with a water ejection nozzle located thereon. A water supply tank is connected to the housing and can be filled with water. A water pressure chamber is provided that includes at least one fixed wall, a first end wall, and a moveable wall which substantially sealingly engages the at least one fixed wall and is slidable away from the first end wall as water is pumped into the water pressure chamber, and toward the first end wall as water is discharged. An air pressure chamber is located on an opposite side of the moveable wall from the water pressure chamber and is pressurizable with compressed air to bias the moveable wall toward the first end wall. A pump is connected to a selector valve assembly which, in a first state allows air to be pumped into the air pressure chamber for pressurizing the air pressure chamber, and in a second state, places the pump in communication between the water supply tank and the water pressure chamber to pump water from the supply tank to the water pressure chamber. A release valve is provided in fluid communication with the water pressure chamber. Actuation of the release valve allows a stream of water to be ejected from the nozzle due to the compressed air acting on the moveable wall.
In one preferred embodiment, the valve arrangement automatically switches from the first state to the second state once a predetermined air pressure is achieved in the air pressure chamber.
In another aspect of the invention, a release valve is provided for the release of air pressure from the air pressure chamber.
In another embodiment, the invention provides a pressurized water ejecting toy, which includes a water supply tank which can be filled with water. A water pressure chamber is provided that includes at least one fixed wall, a first end wall, and a moveable wall which substantially sealingly engages the at least one fixed wall and is slidable away from the first end wall as water is pumped into the water pressure chamber, and toward the first end wall as water is discharged. An air pressure chamber is located on an opposite side of the moveable wall from the water pressure chamber and is pressurizable with compressed air to bias the moveable wall toward the first end wall. A selector valve assembly is connected between the water supply tank, the water pressure chamber, the air pressure chamber and a pump. The selector valve assembly has a first state, in which air can be pumped into the air pressure chamber for pressurizing the air pressure chamber with compressed air and, a second state, in which the pump is placed in communication between the water supply tank and the water pressure chamber to allow water to be pumped from the supply tank to the water pressure chamber. A release valve is provided in fluid communication with the water pressure chamber so that actuation of the release valve allows a stream of water to be ejected due to compressed air acting on the moveable wall.
This arrangement allows the pressurized water ejecting toy to take the form of separately located components that are connected together by water and/or air carrying tubes or conduits, so that the shape and composition of the toy can be varied, for example, to provide a back-pack type water supply and pressure chamber arrangement that are located remotely from a trigger and/or nozzle used to eject water.
The invention has specific application in water guns that have a water chamber with a moveable wall in order to provide a user controlled amount of motive force to the water discharge.
The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purposes of illustrating the invention, there is shown in the drawings an embodiment which is currently preferred. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangement shown.
Certain terminology is used in the following description for convenience only and is not limiting. The words “right,” “left,” “lower” and “upper” designate directions in the drawings to which reference is made. The words “inwardly” and “outwardly” refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of the toy water gun shown and designated parts thereof. The terminology includes the words above specifically mentioned, derivatives thereof and words of similar import.
Referring now to
A water ejection nozzle 20 is preferably located at the front of the housing 12. The nozzle is preferably a single-orifice nozzle 20, as shown. However, it is possible to use multiple orifice nozzle arrangements which are rotateable in order to provide a different spray or water ejection pattern from the nozzle 20.
A water supply tank 22 is connected to the housing 12 and can be filled with water by removing a fill cap 24 located on the water supply tank 22. Preferably, the fill cap 24 is threadingly engaged to a fill opening in the water supply tank 22. However, it could be a snap-fit cap or other suitable closure.
Referring to
In the preferred embodiment, the at least one fixed wall is a tube with a round cross-section. Preferably, the at least one fixed wall includes at least one water receiving and discharge opening 42, as shown in
An air pressure chamber 50 is located on an opposite side of the moveable wall 36 from the water pressure chamber 30. The air pressure chamber 50 is pressurizable with compressed air to bias the moveable wall 36 towards the first end wall 32 as water is discharged. Preferably, the air pressure chamber 50 is formed via a second end wall 52 connected to a second end of the tubular fixed wall 32. Preferably, an opening 54 for pressurizing the air pressure chamber 50 with pressurized air is provided in the second end wall 52.
A pressure bleeder valve 56 is preferably also connected with the air pressure chamber 50. The pressure bleeder valve 56 preferably comprises a chamber connected with the air pressure chamber 50, which is sealed at one end using an actuator 58 having an O-ring seal 60 located thereon that is biased to a closed position via a spring 62. By pressing inwardly on the actuator 58, air pressure within the air pressure chamber 50 can be bled off and released.
As shown in
Referring to
Referring to
The selector valve assembly housing 76 includes a valve air chamber 86 in communication with the air pressure chamber 50. This is preferably accomplished via an air pressure tube 88 connected between the selector valve assembly 74 and the air pressure chamber 50. When a predetermined air pressure in achieved in the air pressure chamber 50, pressurized air in the valve air chamber 86 opens an air release valve 90 so that the pressurized air acts on the first side of the piston 78 in order to force the piston 78 towards a second position, shown in
In the first state of the selector valve assembly 74 with the piston 78 in the first position, an annular space located between the sealing rings 79, 80 on the piston 78 is in communication between the pump 64 and the air pressure tube 88 via openings 91 and 92 in the housing 76. In the second state of the selector valve assembly 74 with the piston 78 in the second position, as shown in
In order to allow air to be drawn in by the pump on an intake stroke, a flap valve formed from a rubber plug 96 is preferably located in the valve air chamber 86. When the pump handle is pulled outwardly, this allows air to be drawn in through the flap valve 96 via the pathway shown back through the openings 92 and 91 in the selector valve assembly housing 76 and into the chamber of the pump 64. As the pump piston 68 is pressed inwardly on the compression stroke, the air pressure travels back through the openings 91 and 92 and into the selector valve air chamber 86, forcing the flap valve 96 into a closed position so that pressurized air is delivered through the air pressure tube 88 to the air pressure chamber 50. Once the predetermined pressure level is reached, the air pressure forces the air pressure release valve 90 to open so that pressurized air is delivered into the space formed between the first side of the piston 78 and the inside of the selector valve assembly housing 76 in order to force the piston into the second position shown in
If pumping of the pump 90 continues with the selector valve 74 in the second state, water is drawn from the supply tank 22 in through the opening 93 and into the pump chamber via the opening 91. Upon a compression stroke of the pump piston 68, the water is forced back out of the pump chamber through the openings 91 and 93 in the selector valve assembly housing 76 and back to a transfer valve assembly 100, described in detail below, which directs the pressurized water to the water pressure chamber 30.
The transfer valve assembly 100 is shown in detail in
In use, the water supply tank 22 is filled with water by removing the cap 24. The actuator 82 on the selector valve assembly 74 is pressed inwardly to place the selector valve assembly 74 in a first state which allows air to be pumped with the pump 64 via the air pressure tube 88 into the air pressure chamber 50. This is accomplished by pumping the pump handle 66, preferably between five and fifteen times, and more preferably between seven and ten times, in order to sufficiently pressurize the air pressure chamber 50 with pressurized air. When a predetermined air pressure has been reached, the selector valve assembly 74 automatically moves to a second state via air pressure acting upon the first surface of the piston 78 such that the piston 78 moves into a second position, as shown in
As shown in
The water gun shown in
The water gun 10 provides the advantage that the air pressure chamber 50 can be charged to a predetermined level prior to automatic switching over of the pump 64 to charging the water pressure chamber 30 with water from the water supply tank 22. Additionally, the actuator 82 could be manually activated if a lower air pressure was desired for ease of pumping; for example, for children having less strength.
Referring now to
While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been described in detail, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, which should be considered as merely exemplary. Further modifications and extensions of the present invention may be developed, and all such modifications are deemed to be within the scope of the present invention as defined above and by the appended claims.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
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4135559 | Barnby | Jan 1979 | A |
5799827 | D'Andrade | Sep 1998 | A |
5826750 | Johnson | Oct 1998 | A |
5878914 | Johnson | Mar 1999 | A |
Number | Date | Country | |
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20050167441 A1 | Aug 2005 | US |