A multi-zone completion the string, that might be utilized in the resource recovery or fluid sequestration industries, has an array of sleeves selectively movable to block or permit ports to block or provide access, respectively, to each zone. These sleeves are typically run in closed so that tubing pressure can be built up to set tools such as external packers. A treatment sleeve can be shifted to open an treatment port through which treatment of the formation can take place. One such treatment is fracturing but others such as acidizing can also take place through the treatment port. When the treatment is completed, the treatment sleeve can be closed and a production sleeve opened to provide access to a production port which is screened to prevent solids from the surrounding formation from entering the production string. Sometimes these two sleeves are integrated into a single sliding sleeve that is shifted with a shifting tool into the treatment and the production positions.
The art would be receptive to improvements in methods and systems that would increase efficiency in a completion.
An embodiment of a method of conducting a plurality of downhole operations with a completion system, the method including performing a treatment through a port in a first sleeve assembly in a first stage of the completion system, using an object to slide a first sleeve in a second sleeve assembly, located uphole of the first sleeve assembly, in a second stage of the completion system to reveal a port, and then closing the port in the first sleeve assembly in the first stage using the object, performing a treatment through the port in the second sleeve assembly, closing the port in the second sleeve assembly, and opening at least one of the ports in the first sleeve assembly and the second sleeve assembly and producing fluids through the at least one of the ports.
An embodiment of a completion system including a string of downhole tools arranged for a plurality of downhole operations, the completion system including settable packers arranged to separate adjacent stages of the string from each other, a toe sleeve in a first stage of the string, the toe sleeve including a housing, a radial port in the housing, a hydraulically openable sleeve initially arranged to cover the port, and an object-activated sleeve having an object seat, the hydraulically openable sleeve slidable to reveal the port to open a circulation path, a first sleeve assembly in the first stage, the first sleeve assembly including a housing having a radial port, a first sleeve having an object seat, the first sleeve initially arranged to cover the port in the housing of the first sleeve assembly, a consumable plug positioned in the port, and a second sleeve having an object seat, a second sleeve assembly in a second stage of the string, the second sleeve assembly including a housing having a radial port, a first sleeve having an object seat, the first sleeve of the second sleeve assembly initially arranged to cover the port in the housing of the second sleeve assembly, a consumable plug positioned in the port in the housing of the second sleeve assembly, and a second sleeve having an object seat, wherein the first sleeve in the first sleeve assembly is movable to reveal the port in the housing of the first sleeve assembly upon receipt of an object in the object seat of the first sleeve in the first sleeve assembly, the first sleeve of the second sleeve assembly is movable to reveal the port in the housing of the second sleeve assembly upon receipt of a second object in the object seat of the second sleeve in the second sleeve assembly, the second sleeve in the first sleeve assembly is movable to close the port in the housing of the first sleeve assembly upon receipt of the second object in the object seat of the second sleeve in the first sleeve assembly, and the object-activated sleeve in the toe sleeve is movable to close the port in the toe sleeve upon receipt of the second object.
The following descriptions should not be considered limiting in any way. With reference to the accompanying drawings, like elements are numbered alike:
A detailed description of one or more embodiments of the disclosed apparatus and method are presented herein by way of exemplification and not limitation with reference to the Figures.
Referring to
With further reference to
To set the hanger 22, a ball or other object is dropped and then sheared out to the shoetrack (float joint). Another ball or object is dropped to release the running tool, and that ball is also sheared out to shoetrack. Optionally, the open hole is displaced at high rates, such as, but not limited to approximately 17 barrels per minute for liner hanger or open hole packer limit. The open hole packers 24 are then set hydraulically with a ball or dart or other object landed in the wellbore isolation valve 17. The tools are then picked up and weight slacked off while rotating to set a liner top packer and the running tools are pulled out of the hole.
The toe sleeve 18 (
In an operational method of the completion system 10, pressure is increased to rupture the disc 50 in the toe sleeve 18 to move the first sleeve 44 and open the string 16 for circulation. Subsequently, a first object such as, but not limited to, first ball 70 (see
As depicted in
The first and second sleeves 76, 78 of the sleeve assembly 20 each include a segmented ball seat 86, 88, respectively, although collets or other profiles are also employable that can catch and release an object in a downhole environment. The term “object seat” will denote any of a ball seat, collet, profile that can catch and release an object in a downhole environment. As illustrated, the ball seats 86, 88 include a plurality of segments (dogs) 90, that extend through windows and are circumferentially spaced within the housing 72 so as to create an opening 92 that is smaller than a diameter of the ball which it is to receive. When the ball seat 86, 88 receives the ball thereon, and pressure is increased uphole of the ball, the sleeve 76, 78 (after shearing any shear pins 48 restraining the sleeve 76, 78 from movement) will shift axially in the downhole direction 58. During axial displacement of the sleeve 76, 78 and the segments 90 that form the ball seat, the ball seat 86, 88 lines up with a groove 94, 96 in the housing 72 and then the segments 90 expand radially outward into the groove 94, 96 so that the inner diameter of the opening 92 of the ball seat 86, 88 is increased to a size larger than the diameter of the ball, and the ball can pass further downhole. It should be understood that the groove 94, 96 has a larger inner diameter than an inner diameter of the housing 72 where the ball seat 86, 88 is located at an initial position of the sleeve 76, 78. Thus, the ball seats 86, 88 expand to permit passage of the received balls once the respective sleeves 76, 78 have been shifted. Also, the ball seats 86, 88 may be formed of a material that is drillable.
When the first sleeve 76 is opened by the ball as described above, the port 74 is opened. Additional movement of the first sleeve 76 in the downhole direction 58 can be prohibited by a shoulder 98 in the housing 72. To close the port 74, a ball sized to be received by the ball seat 88 in the second sleeve 78 is pumped downhole onto the ball seat 88 in the second sleeve 78 and pressure is increased to move the second sleeve 78 in the downhole direction 58 until the ports 74 are closed. The second sleeve 78, positioned uphole of the first sleeve 76, may abut against the first sleeve 76 during the closing operation. The second sleeve 78 includes a shifting profile 63 to enable pulling the second sleeve 78 back in the uphole direction 62, thus opening the port 74 for production and to enable pushing the second sleeve 78 back in the downhole direction 58 to close the port 74 and shut off the zone. Thus, the sleeve assembly 20, which can be run in multiple instances per stage, is usable for a variety of procedures including acid stimulation, testing, closing, reopening for production, and shutoff.
Turning now to
With both the sleeve assembly 20 and the toe sleeve 18 in an “open” position (ports 74, 42 unobstructed by any sleeve, allowing fluidic communication between the interior of the string 16 and the first zone of the borehole 12), the first stage 26 is stimulated. In one embodiment, this process includes stimulating the first stage 26 with 15% HCL treatment and up to 4,000 psi differential at the open hole packers 24. A flowback production test is also performed from the first stage 26.
With reference now to
The second ball 170 continues in the downhole direction 58 to land on the ball seat 88 of the second sleeve 78 of the sleeve assembly 20 in the first stage 26, pushing the second sleeve 78 in the axial downhole direction 58 over the ports 74 (which has been previously opened by the first ball 70 as previously described) and releasing the second ball 170 to travel to the toe sleeve 18 after the ball seat 88 has radially expanded into the grooves 96 in the housing 72 (
Turning now to
The third ball 270 continues in the downhole direction 58 to the second stage 28 to shift the second sleeve 78 of the second sleeve assembly 20 and then the second sleeve 78 of the first sleeve assembly 20 to the closed position over the ports 74 in the first and second sleeve assemblies 20 of the second stage 28 (which had been previously opened by the second ball 170 as previously described). Pressuring up blows the discs 84 in the ports 74 of the first sleeve assembly 20 in the third stage 30, and acid consumes the consumable plugs 82 thus opening all third stage ports 74 while all second stage ports 74 have been closed.
The above-described processes can be repeated for each additional zone to finish acid stimulations and flowback production tests per zone. Optionally, sleeves in the upper zone can be closed off to close off the well prior to placing it on production. Also, while first and second sleeve assemblies 20 have been disclosed in multiple zones, it would be in the scope of these embodiments to provide additional sleeve assemblies 20 in each zone. One or more sleeves in a first stage utilizes an object to close the one or more sleeves, while that same object was previously used to open one or more sleeves in a second stage uphole of the first stage.
It should further be understood that graduated balls 70, 170, 270 and ball seats 86, 88 are used to open multiple sleeves per stage with a single frac ball. For example, the above-described second ball 170 is sized to land in the first sleeve 76 of the first and second sleeve assemblies 20 but first passes through the second sleeves 78 of the first and second sleeve assemblies 20 in the second stage 28 (and also passes through the ball seats 86, 88 of seat assemblies 20 in all stages uphole of the second stage 28). Thus, the ball seats 88 of the second sleeves 78 have a larger inner diameter (in the non-expanded initial condition) than the ball seats 86 of the first sleeves 76 of the first and second sleeve assemblies 20 in the second stage 28 (and all ball seats 86, 88 uphole of the second stage 28 have a larger inner diameter than the ball seats 86 of the first sleeves 76 of the first and second sleeve assemblies 20 in the second stage 28). Then, the third ball 270 lands on the ball seat 86 of the first sleeve 76 of the sleeve assemblies 20 of the third stage 30, but first passes through the second sleeves 78 of the first and second sleeve assemblies 20 in the third stage 30 (and also passes through the ball seats 86, 88 of seat assemblies 20 in all stages uphole of the third stage). Thus, the ball seats 88 of the second sleeves 78 have a larger inner diameter than the ball seats 86 of the first sleeves 76 of the first and second sleeve assemblies 20 in the third stage 30. Furthermore, the third ball 270 lands on the first sleeves 76 of the first and second sleeve assemblies 20 in the third stage 30, whereas the second ball 170 did not, because the third ball 270 has a larger outer diameter than the second ball 170. Therefore, the third ball 270 is able to land in and close the second sleeves 78 of the first and second sleeve assemblies 20 in the second stage 28, whereas the second ball 170 passed through the second sleeves 78 of the first and second sleeve assemblies 20 in the second stage 28 without landing on the ball seats 88 therein. Thus, each ball, starting with the first ball 70 and continuing the third ball 270 and beyond, gradually increases in size.
In the initial non-expanded condition (where none of the ball seats have been radially expanded into the housing of the sleeve assemblies), the inner diameter of the ball seats 86 also increase in the uphole direction, That is, the inner diameter of the ball seat 86 in the first stage 26 is smaller than the inner diameter of the ball seats 86 in the second stage 28, which in turn have a smaller inner diameter than the ball seats 86 in the third stage 30, etc. Further, the inner diameter of the ball seats 88 increase in the uphole direction. That is, the inner diameter of the ball seat 88 in the first stage 26 (which is larger than the inner diameter of the ball seat 86 in the first stage 26) is smaller than the inner diameter of the ball seats 88 in the second stage 28 (which are larger than the inner diameter of the ball seats 86 in the second stage 28), and the inner diameter of the ball seats 88 in the second stage 28 are smaller than the inner diameter of the ball seats 88 in the third stage 30, etc. Also, for the initial non-expanded condition, the inner diameter of the ball seat 88 in the first stage 26 may have the same or approximately same inner diameter of the ball seats 86 in the second stage 28, the inner diameter of the ball seats 88 in the second stage 28 may have the same or approximately same inner diameter of the ball seats 86 in the third stage 30, the inner diameter of the ball seats 88 in the third stage 30 may have the same or approximately same inner diameter of the ball seats 86 in the fourth stage 32, and so on.
After the above-described processes of acid stimulations and flowback production tests are repeated and completed per zone, the well can be optionally closed off by closing sleeves in an upper zone prior to the well being placed on production.
Subsequent the circulation, acid stimulations, flowback production tests and optional well closure, and prior to placing the completion system 10 on production, the ball seats 86, 88 can be milled out using coiled tubing 110 having a milling tool 112 schematically depicted in
While pulling the coiled tubing 110 out of the hole in the uphole direction 62, a shifting tool 114 on the coiled tubing 110 engages with the shifting profile 63 in the sleeve 46 of the toe sleeve 18 and engages with the shifting profiles 63 in the second sleeves 78 of the sleeve assemblies 20 to reveal the ports 42, 74 that had been previously covered by the sleeves 46, 78, respectively. The completion system 10 is then placed on production. Optionally, specific zones can be subsequently shut by employing a reclosing sleeve using a shifting tool on coiled tubing 110 or wireline. Thus, completion system 10 and method utilizes sleeve assembly 20 for stimulation, closure of the system 10 for test integrity and reopen for production. The sleeve assembly 20 allows two balls, such as 70, 170, to be used and pass the inner diameter therethrough as opposed to a single device that is caught then requires time to dissolve. This will increase efficiency by not having to rig up additional resources as to rig up coil and or stick pipe.
An embodiment of a method of employing the completion system 10 in a plurality of downhole operations includes setting the packers 24, opening the circulation path by shifting the hydraulically openable sleeve 44 to reveal the port 42 in the housing 44 of the toe sleeve 18, acid stimulating the first stage 26 by landing the first ball 70 on the ball seat 86 of the first sleeve 76 of the first sleeve assembly 20, pressuring above the first ball 70 to shift the first sleeve 76 of the first sleeve assembly 20 to reveal the port 74 in the housing 72 of the first sleeve assembly 20, and dissolving the consumable plug 82 positioned in the port 74 of the housing 72 of the first sleeve assembly 20 with acid; performing flowback production test from the first stage 26; acid stimulating the second stage 28 by landing the second ball 170 on the ball seat 86 of the first sleeve 76 of the second sleeve assembly 20, pressuring above the second ball 170 to shift the first sleeve 76 of the second sleeve assembly 20 to reveal the port 74 in the housing 72 of the second sleeve assembly 20, and dissolving the consumable plug 82 positioned in the port 74 of the housing 72 of the second sleeve assembly 20 with acid; closing the ports 74 in the first sleeve assembly 20 and the toe sleeve 18 using the second ball 170, performing flowback production test from the second stage 28; closing the port 74 in the second sleeve assembly 20 using a third ball 270; and producing formation fluids through the string 16 by engaging shifting profiles 63 in the second sleeves 78 of the first and second sleeve assemblies 20 with a shifting tool 114 to uncover the ports 74 in the first and second sleeve assemblies 20.
Set forth below are some embodiments of the foregoing disclosure:
The use of the terms “a” and “an” and “the” and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. Further, it should be noted that the terms “first,” “second,” and the like herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The terms “about”, “substantially” and “generally” are intended to include the degree of error associated with measurement of the particular quantity based upon the equipment available at the time of filing the application. For example, “about” and/or “substantially” and/or “generally” can include a range of ±8% a given value.
The teachings of the present disclosure may be used in a variety of well operations. These operations may involve using one or more treatment agents to treat a formation, the fluids resident in a formation, a borehole, and/or equipment in the borehole, such as production tubing. The treatment agents may be in the form of liquids, gases, solids, semi-solids, and mixtures thereof. Illustrative treatment agents include, but are not limited to, fracturing fluids, acids, steam, water, brine, anti-corrosion agents, cement, permeability modifiers, drilling muds, emulsifiers, demulsifiers, tracers, flow improvers etc. Illustrative well operations include, but are not limited to, hydraulic fracturing, stimulation, tracer injection, cleaning, acidizing, steam injection, water flooding, cementing, etc.
While the invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment or embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims. Also, in the drawings and the description, there have been disclosed exemplary embodiments of the invention and, although specific terms may have been employed, they are unless otherwise stated used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention therefore not being so limited.
This application claims the benefit of an earlier filing date from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 63/320,832 filed Mar. 17, 2022, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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63320832 | Mar 2022 | US |