Patent Grant
12123234
The present invention relates generally to a sliding door, and more particularly to a sliding door that possesses an emergency swing feature, such that in the event that the sliding door is barricaded from inside a room (e.g., by wedging paper or other items between the door and the door frame, by affixing an element to an inner surface of the door such that the element contacts the frame, thereby preventing sliding, etc.), the door may be swung outwardly by authorized personnel in order to access the barricaded room. Optimally, the sliding door of the present invention employs a sliding assembly that both avoids derailment problems and has anti-ligature characteristics that make it difficult for ropes, cords, wires, articles of clothing or other pieces of material (hereinafter referred to as “ligatures”) to be tied or looped around the door hardware, whether intentionally or unintentionally, to cause harm to persons having access thereto.
Sliding doors have been gaining popularity in recent years and provide several benefits over traditional hinged, swing-type doors. In particular, surface-mounted sliding doors are used in a number of different applications.
For example, barn style doors are becoming increasingly popular as interior doors within homes, offices, hotels, and the like. Barn style doors generally hang from multiple wheels (typically from two to four) that ride along a rail mounted above the door opening. In many cases, the bottom of the door is not attached to a track or the like, and thus, the bottom of the door is able to swing outwardly about the top track.
Certain mechanisms may be included to provide some level of protection against the doors slipping off the tracks. For example, the wheels may be provided with a circumference having a convex surface, with the rail being provided with a corresponding curved shape so that rail fits within the convex surface of the wheels, or the rail may be provided with a U-shaped cross-section in which the wheels sit.
However, if the door is jarred with enough force, one or more of the wheels may slip off the rail. This may lead to one side of the door contacting the ground, making it difficult, if not impossible, to open or close the door, potentially leading to a person becoming trapped within a room. Even more disadvantageously, if all of the wheels slip off the rail, the entire door may fall, thereby crushing anyone near the door. Given that some doors may weigh upwards of 200 or even 250 pounds, this may cause significant injury, or even death, particularly in the case of small children. Moreover, even for designs that are relatively successful at keeping the wheels from slipping off the rail, the wheel connectors are nevertheless known for frequently jamming or breaking.
Another increasingly popular use of sliding doors is at locations where there is an increased risk that individuals will use a door to harm themselves. In many environments, such as, for example, medical facilities, schools, jails, offices, government buildings, residences, and other institutions, there exists a population of people at risk of trying to injure or kill themselves. In many psychiatric hospitals, for example, patients have been known to attempt suicide, often via hanging, while in the care of the institution.
These suicide attempts are known to have involved the use of doorknobs, hinges, and other door hardware. To attempt suicide, a person may wrap a ligature, such as a belt (or any other type of ligature), around a doorknob or hinge in order to hang himself/herself. Institutions have many private rooms where such a suicide attempt may take place, such as bathrooms. Every private room cannot be watched at the same time without enormous staff resources. Therefore, private rooms, and the door hardware in them, can provide an opportunity for a suicide attempt.
This problem of suicide attempts has been addressed in many institutions by simply removing all door hardware, and sometimes, even the doors themselves. While this may reduce the opportunity for suicide attempts, it also eliminates all privacy and security.
Some traditional designs for anti-suicide door hardware have included flush-mounting, low profiles, and steep angles to inhibit the affixing of a ligature. However, these traditional designs failed to fully inhibit the ability of a person to use door hardware for attempting suicide. Furthermore, in an attempt to make the door hardware difficult to use for the purpose of attempting suicide, some traditional designs made normal operation of the door hardware difficult. Moreover, traditional designs were not particularly well-adapted for surface-mounted sliding doors, which present issues not presented by other types of doors.
Many of the problems associated with traditional designs for sliding doors (and the anti-suicide door hardware that may be associated therewith) were addressed in U.S. Pat. No. 10,900,268 entitled “Sliding Door System,” in which is disclosed a door that includes a horizontally elongated member having a mounting portion with which it is mounted to a support structure, and a horizontally elongated track extending downwardly therefrom. The horizontally elongated track includes a horizontally elongated upper portion having a width, and a horizontally elongated protuberance below the upper portion having a width greater than the width of the upper portion. At least one sliding element is mounted to the top of the door and has a channel corresponding to the protuberance, and in which part of the elongated protuberance is disposed such that the sliding element is retained by and slidable on the protuberance. In some embodiments of U.S. Pat. No. 10,900,268, a vertically extending rod is concealed between the front and back walls of the door and can be moved vertically in and out of an aperture in the protuberance to lock and unlock the door.
Thus, U.S. Pat. No. 10,900,268 advantageously provides a sliding door system that can be used in retrofit situations (e.g., where standard wall openings are provided), instead of requiring openings that have been particularly adapted for use with pocket-type doors, that provides enhanced protection against the door becoming partially or fully disengaged from the mounting system, thereby providing enhanced reliability and a lower chance of accidental injury, and that provides for a design that possesses anti-ligature characteristics.
Nevertheless, while U.S. Pat. No. 10,900,268 provides for numerous advantages over traditional sliding door designs, there is still at least one potential issue not addressed thereby. Specifically, there is a population of individuals (which includes significant overlap with the population of individuals who are potentially interested in causing self-harm) who may want to barricade themselves within a room. In the case of a sliding door, this may be achieved in a variety of ways. For example, a paper product (such as a magazine, pages of a book, legal documents, etc., which may or may not be folded up), a wood, metal or plastic product (which may or may not be tapered into a wedge-shape), one or more coins, or the like may be wedged between the inner surface of the sliding door and the door frame. If the material is wedged with sufficient force to create substantial frictional forces, it may become difficult or impossible for the sliding door to be slid open. As another example, it may be possible for a person inside the room to create a hole or the like in the door (depending on the material from which it is made), and then to insert an article (which as a toothbrush, a pen, a marker or the like) into the hole, which article may then interact with the door frame, thereby preventing the sliding door from being slid open.
What would be desirable would be a sliding door (which may or may not be of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 10,900,268) that includes a safety feature, whereby a barricaded door may still be opened by authorized individuals.
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention is directed to a sliding door system, including a horizontally elongated rail adapted to be mounted with respect to a door opening and a door assembly slideably mounted on the rail and adapted to be slideable along a generally vertical imaginary plane. The door assembly includes an upper door section including at least one sliding element disposed along a top surface thereof, the sliding element cooperating with the rail to provide for the slideable mounting of the door assembly on the rail, and a lower door section pivotably attached to the upper door section at an attached end thereof so as to be pivotable with respect to the upper door section about a generally vertical axis from a closed position, in which the upper door section and the lower door section are generally co-planar, to an open position, the lower door section having a free end opposite the attached end. The door assembly also includes a safety release having an engaged position, in which the lower door section and the upper door section are fixed in the closed position, and having a disengaged position, in which the lower door section is pivotable to the open position.
In some embodiments, the door assembly has a private side and a public side, and the safety release is accessible only from the public side. In certain of these embodiments, the free end of the lower door section is pivotable with respect to the upper door section in a direction toward the public side upon disengagement of the safety release.
In some embodiments, the safety release comprises a member pivotably attached to the upper door section, and the member is pivotable between the engaged position, in which the member interacts the lower door section such that the lower door section is fixed with respect to the upper door section, and the disengaged position, in which the member no longer interacts the lower door section such that the lower door section is pivotable to the open position.
In certain embodiments, the member is pivotably attached to the upper door section by way of a fastener such that the member is moveable between the engaged position and the disengaged position when the fastener is loosened, and is fixed in position when the fastener is tightened.
In certain embodiments, the member is pivotably attached to the upper door section and the member is affixable to the lower door section by way of a fastener when the member is pivoted to the engaged position, such that the member is moveable between the engaged position and the disengaged position when the fastener is loosened, and is fixed in position when the member is pivoted to the engaged position and the fastener is tightened.
In certain embodiments, the member is pivotably attached within the upper door section by way of a rotatable cylinder. In certain of these embodiments, the rotatable cylinder is operable by a tool or a key.
In some embodiments, the door assembly includes a front wall and a back wall opposite the front wall, and the rail includes an aperture, with the system further comprising a vertically extending rod positioned between the front wall and the back wall of the door assembly, the rod having a top end, and an actuator located on at least one of the front wall and the back wall of the door assembly that moves the rod between an unlocked position and a locked position, such that when the actuator moves the rod from the unlocked position to the locked position, the actuator moves the rod upwardly such that the top end of the rod is advanced into the aperture of the rail, and when the actuator moves the rod from the locked position to the unlocked position, the actuator moves the rod downwardly such that the top end of the rod is withdrawn from the aperture of the rail.
In certain of these embodiments, the rod comprises an upper rod portion disposed within the upper door section, wherein the top end of the rod is defined by the upper rod portion, and a lower rod portion disposed within the lower door section, wherein the actuator cooperates with the lower rod portion. The upper rod portion and the lower rod portion are engageable when the lower door section is in the closed position so as to move together, whereby actuation of the actuator is translated into movement of the top end of the rod by way of simultaneous movement of the upper rod portion and the lower rod portion. The upper rod portion and the lower rod portion are disengageable so as to allow for the lower door section to be pivoted to the open position when the safety release is moved to the disengaged position.
In some embodiments, the upper rod portion and the lower rod portion are engageable and disengageable by way of cooperating magnets. In some embodiments, the actuator comprises a thumb-turn lock or a lever handle.
In some embodiments, a lower edge of the upper door section comprises a generally horizontally disposed protrusion or channel, an upper edge of the lower door section comprises a generally horizontally disposed protrusion or channel, and the protrusion or channel of the upper door section cooperates with the protrusion or channel of the lower door section when the lower door section is in the closed position, whereby sagging of the lower door section with respect to the upper door section is reduced. In certain of these embodiments, the door assembly has a private side and a public side, wherein the safety release is accessible only from the public side, and the protrusion or channel of the upper door section and the protrusion or channel of the lower door section are configured to as to prevent the free end of the lower door section from being pivotable with respect to the upper door section from the closed position in a direction toward the private side.
In some embodiments, the system further includes a threshold adapted to be mounted with respect to a floor of the door opening, the threshold having a groove formed therein, and the lower door section comprises a generally vertically disposed lip extending from a lower edge thereof, the lip being disposed within the groove formed in the threshold, so as to allow for relative sliding between the door assembly and the threshold, but so as to prevent swinging of the door assembly out of alignment with the threshold.
In certain of these embodiments, the lip is retractable out of the groove formed in the threshold, so as to allow for the lower door section to be pivoted to the open position when the safety release is in the disengaged position. In certain embodiments, the lip is defined by a plate pivotably attached to the lower door section, and the lip is retractable out of the groove by virtue of the plate defining the lip being pivoted from an extended position, in which the lip is disposed within the groove formed in the threshold, to a retracted position, in which the lip is retractable out of the groove formed in the threshold.
In some embodiments, the horizontally elongated rail comprises a mounting portion with which the rail is adapted to mounted to a support structure and a horizontally elongated track extending downwardly from the mounting portion, the horizontally elongated track comprising a horizontally elongated upper portion having a width, and a horizontally elongated protuberance below the upper portion having a width greater than the width of the upper portion. The at least one sliding element includes a channel corresponding to the horizontally elongated protuberance of the rail and in which part of the elongated protuberance is disposed such that the sliding element is retained by and slidable on the elongated protuberance.
In certain of these embodiments, the channel has a horizontally elongated opening along a top edge thereof that accommodates the horizontally elongated upper portion of the track as the at least one sliding element slides on the protuberance. In certain embodiments, the protuberance comprises a bulge, and the channel has a bulbous profile corresponding to the bulge.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a sliding door system includes a horizontally elongated rail adapted to be mounted with respect to a door opening and a door assembly having a private side and a public side, the door assembly slideably mounted on the rail and adapted to be slideable along a generally vertical imaginary plane. The door assembly includes an upper door section comprising at least one sliding element disposed along a top surface thereof, the sliding element cooperating with the rail to provide for the slideable mounting of the door assembly on the rail, a lower door section pivotably attached to the upper door section at an attached end thereof so as to be pivotable with respect to the upper door section about a generally vertical axis from a closed position, in which the upper door section and the lower door section are generally co-planar, to an open position. The lower door section has a free end opposite the attached end, the free end being pivotable with respect to the upper door section in a direction toward the public side to the open position. The system also includes a safety release having an engaged position, in which the lower door section and the upper door section are fixed in the closed position, and having a disengaged position, in which the lower door section is pivotable to the open position. The safety release is accessible only from the public side of the door assembly and comprises a member pivotably attached to the upper door section, the member being pivotable between the engaged position, in which the member interacts with the lower door section such that the lower door section is fixed with respect to the upper door section, and the disengaged position, in which the member no longer interacts with the lower door section such that the lower door section is pivotable to the open position.
In some embodiments, the member is pivotably attached to the upper door section by way of a fastener such that the member is moveable between the engaged position and the disengaged position when the fastener is loosened, and is fixed in position when the fastener is tightened.
In some embodiments, the member is pivotably attached to the upper door section and the member is affixable to the lower door section by way of a fastener when the member is pivoted to the engaged position, such that the member is moveable between the engaged position and the disengaged position when the fastener is loosened, and is fixed in position when the member is pivoted to the engaged position and the fastener is tightened.
In certain embodiments, the member is pivotably attached within the upper door section by way of a rotatable cylinder. In certain of these embodiments, the rotatable cylinder is operable by a tool or a key.
In some embodiments, the door assembly includes a front wall and a back wall opposite the front wall, and the rail includes an aperture, the system further comprising: a vertically extending rod positioned between the front wall and the back wall of the door assembly, the rod having a top end. An actuator located on at least one of the front wall and the back wall of the door assembly moves the rod between an unlocked position and a locked position, wherein, when the actuator moves the rod from the unlocked position to the locked position, the actuator moves the rod upwardly such that the top end of the rod is advanced into the aperture of the rail, and when the actuator moves the rod from the locked position to the unlocked position, the actuator moves the rod downwardly such that the top end of the rod is withdrawn from the aperture of the rail.
In certain of these embodiments, the rod comprises an upper rod portion disposed within the upper door section, wherein the top end of the rod is defined by the upper rod portion, and a lower rod portion disposed within the lower door section, wherein the actuator cooperates with the lower rod portion. The upper rod portion and the lower rod portion are engageable when the lower door section is in the closed position so as to move together, whereby actuation of the actuator is translated into movement of the top end of the rod by way of simultaneous movement of the upper rod portion and the lower rod portion, and the upper rod portion and the lower rod portion are disengageable so as to allow for the lower door section to be pivoted to the open position when the safety release is moved to the disengaged position. In certain embodiments, the upper rod portion and the lower rod portion are engageable and disengageable by way of cooperating magnets.
In some embodiments, a lower edge of the upper door section comprises a generally horizontally disposed protrusion or channel, an upper edge of the lower door section comprises a generally horizontally disposed protrusion or channel, and the protrusion or channel of the upper door section cooperates with the protrusion or channel of the lower door section when the lower door section is in the closed position, whereby sagging of the lower door section with respect to the upper door section is reduced.
In certain of these embodiments, the safety release is accessible only from the public side of the door assembly, and the protrusion or channel of the upper door section and the protrusion or channel of the lower door section are configured to as to prevent the free end of the lower door section from being pivotable with respect to the upper door section from the closed position in a direction toward the private side.
In some embodiments, a threshold is adapted to be mounted with respect to a floor of the door opening, the threshold having a groove formed therein, and the lower door section comprises a generally vertically disposed lip extending from a lower edge thereof, the lip being disposed within the groove formed in the threshold, so as to allow for relative sliding between the door assembly and the threshold, but so as to prevent swinging of the door assembly out of alignment with the threshold.
In certain of these embodiments, the lip is retractable out of the groove formed in the threshold, so as to allow for the lower door section to be pivoted to the open position when the safety release is in the disengaged position. In certain embodiments, the lip is defined by a plate pivotably attached to the lower door section, and the lip is retractable out of the groove by virtue of the plate defining the lip being pivoted from an extended position, in which the lip is disposed within the groove formed in the threshold, to a retracted position, in which the lip is retractable out of the groove formed in the threshold.
Other features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from consideration of the following drawings.
The following detailed description illustrates the technology by way of example, not by way of limitation, of the principles of the invention. This description will enable one skilled in the art to make and use the technology, and describes several embodiments, adaptations, variations, alternatives and uses of the invention, including what is presently believed to be the best mode of carrying out the invention. One skilled in the art will recognize alternative variations and arrangements, and the present technology is not limited to those embodiments described hereafter.
A horizontally elongated rail (32) is mounted to the header (28) of the frame (22), and at least one sliding element (34) is mounted to the top surface of a door assembly (36). The horizontally elongated rail (32) and the at least one sliding element (34) cooperate with one another such that the door assembly (36) is slidable relative to the frame (22) within a generally vertical plane (i.e., the plane in which lies the door assembly (36) in
Since the sliding operation of door assemblies is extremely well known, with the sliding door assembly shown and described in commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 10,900,268, titled “Sliding Door System,” being but one example, said traditional sliding operation is not described herein in detail. Instead, focus will be placed upon the safety “swinging” feature of the inventive sliding door assembly, whereby a barricaded door may still be opened by authorized individuals via a swinging operation (e.g., when traditional sliding operation is inhibited).
The door assembly (36) is defined by an upper door section (38), on which is mounted the at least one sliding element (34) along a top surface thereof, the at least one sliding element (34) cooperating with the elongated rail (32) to provide for the slideable mounting of the door assembly (36) on the elongated rail (32), and a lower door section (40) pivotably attached to the upper door section (38) at an attached end (42) thereof so as to be pivotable with respect to the upper door section (38) about a generally vertical axis (A) from a closed position (shown in
Referring now to
The door assembly (36) has a private side (50), which can generally be considered to be the bedroom, hospital room, cell, or the like in an institution or the like in which a person resides, and a public side (52) which generally would face a hallway, a corridor, common area, or the like and that is generally accessible by institutional staff, such as doctors, nurses, guards, orderlies, etc. Generally, since the door assembly (36) would typically be barricaded, if at all, on the private side (50), the door assembly (36) is configured such that the free end (44) of the lower door section (40) is pivotable with respect to the upper door section (38) in a direction toward the public side (52) upon disengagement of the safety release (48), as best seen in
The safety release (48) itself can take any of various forms, so long as it is readily operable in the case of an emergency. With respect, specifically, to
In order to inhibit unauthorized pivoting operation of the door assembly (36), and to ensure that pivoting operation is used only when necessary (e.g., when sliding is prevented due to a barricade situation), the plate (54) may be pivotably attached to the upper door section (38) by way of a fastener (56), such that the plate (54) is moveable between the engaged position and the disengaged position when the fastener (56) is loosened, and is fixed in position when the fastener (56) is tightened. This configuration may ensure that only individuals possessing a tool needed to loosen the fastener (56) can operate the pivoting safety feature of the door assembly (36). The fastener (56) may be of a type such that a relatively common tool may be required to operate the safety release (48), such as a Philips head screw, a flat head screw, a hex head screw, a hex bolt, etc. Or if heightened security is desired, the fastener (56) may be a tamper resistant fastener of a type such that a specialized tool is required, such as a security torx head screw, a snake eye screw, a pin head hex screw, etc. The exact type of tamper resistant fastener used is unimportant. What is important, however, is that the tool required to loosen the fastener (56) is not readily available to persons in the hospital, prison, mental institution or the like, but is fairly readily available to authorized personnel.
Referring now specifically to
In the embodiment shown in
As with the fastener (56) shown in
Referring now specifically to
As with the plates (54, 54′) described above, internally disposed member (55) is pivotable to the engaged position (shown in
Referring now specifically to
As with the embodiment described above in connection with
Referring now to
Of course, in addition to inhibiting lateral swinging of the door assembly when lateral forces are applied thereto, the engagement of the lip (68) with the groove (66) in the threshold (64) would also inhibit emergency pivoting of the lower door section (40) with respect to the upper door section (38) when desired (e.g., when sliding is prevented due to a barricade situation). For this reason, the lip (68), when provided, is retractable out of the groove (66) formed in the threshold (64) by authorized personnel, so as to allow for the lower door section (40) to be pivoted to the open position (shown in
In the illustrated embodiment, the lip (68) is defined by a plate (70) pivotably attached to the lower door section (40), such that the plate is pivotable about an axis (B), best seen in
In order to inhibit unauthorized retraction of the lip (68) from the groove (66) in the threshold (64), and to ensure such retraction only when necessary, the plate (70) may be pivotably attached to the lower door section (40) by way of a fastener (72), such that the plate (70) is moveable between the lip extended position and the lip retracted position when the fastener (72) is loosened, and is fixed in position when the fastener (72) is tightened. This configuration may ensure that only individuals possessing a tool needed to loosen the fastener (72) can operate the lip retraction feature of the door assembly (36). The fastener (72) may be of a type such that a relatively common tool may be required to operate the lip retraction feature, such as a Philips head screw, a flat head screw, a hex head screw, a hex bolt, etc. Or if heightened security is desired, the fastener (72) may be a tamper resistant fastener of a type such that a specialized tool is required, such as a security torx head screw, a snake eye screw, a pin head hex screw, etc. The exact type of tamper resistant fastener used is unimportant. What is important, however, is that the tool required to loosen the fastener (72) is not readily available to persons in the hospital, prison, mental institution or the like, but is fairly readily available to authorized personnel.
Turning now specifically to
As indicated by arrow (X), the protrusion (80) of the lower door section (40) and the channel (76) of the upper door section (38) cooperate with one another when the lower door section (40) is moved to the closed position (best seen in
Of course, it should be recognized that the configuration may be reversed, while the same effect is achieved. For example, the channel may be provided in the upper edge (78) of the lower door section (40), while the protrusion may be provided in a lower edge (74) of the upper door section (38).
Referring now to
As shown in
The mounting portion (82) comprises a flat, metal sheet (i.e., lying in a horizontal plane) with a plurality of through holes (92) therein, through which screws are screwed in order to mount the rail (32) to a support structure, such as header (28). If desired, tamper resistant fasteners can be used. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, a mounting system other than the illustrated hole and screw arrangement can be used. Additionally, the mounting portion (82) need not necessarily comprise a long, unitary piece extending the entire length of the door, but rather, may comprises a sequence of smaller, discrete mounting pieces. It should also be noted that, in some applications, the mounting portion (82) can be configured differently than as is shown if, for example, it was desired for the track to be mounted from a ceiling or off a wall, instead of being mounted within a frame, as is further described below. Any way of securing the elongated rail (32) such that the track (84) extends downwardly may be employed.
As shown in
It should also be noted that the one or more sliding members (96) need not be mounted to the top surface of the door assembly (36) via the flat metal plate (94) as described above, but can also be mounted directly to the top surface of the door assembly (36). For example, a single sliding member (96) may be directly mounted to the top surface of the door assembly (36) and extend along the entire length thereof, or a plurality of sliding members (96) may be mounted to the top surface of the door assembly (36) at both ends thereof, and possibly at other points along its length.
As shown in
Returning to
In the illustrated embodiment, the track (84) is a rounded bulge extending down from the mounting portion (82), and the channel (86) has a bulbous profile corresponding to the bulge. The channel (86) includes a horizontally elongated opening (108) along the top thereof for accommodating the horizontally elongated upper portion (104) of the track (84), such that the track (84) is freely slidable along the channel (86).
In certain advantageous embodiments, the upper track portion (104) is designed to further improve the performance of, and decrease the stress on, the sliding system. The upper track portion (104) includes a first portion (110) that extends up from the protuberance (106). This narrower section is defined by vertical inner walls of the at least one sliding element (34). A second portion (112) is located above the first portion (110) and widens as it extends upwardly. This wider, tapered portion is defined by chamfered inner walls above the vertical inner walls of the at least one sliding element (34). The protuberance (106) has a diameter that is greater than the width of the first portion (110), and that may also be greater than the width of the second portion (112).
As a result of this design, the horizontally elongated opening (108) along the top of the channel (86) provides a partially tapered upper track portion (104). First, this provides greater structural integrity than would otherwise exist with a single, ninety-degree bend in the upper track portion (104), which could provide an undesirable fracture point. Additionally, if the door is tilted slightly forward or backward, this tapered shape of the upper track portion (104) reduces the chance of excessive localized friction at a single point on the track.
Referring to
Various reinforcing means, such as metal reinforcing plates, can be provided, both to provide structural support for the assembly and to inhibit tampering. For example, referring again to
As also shown in
As a result of this above-described track and slide assembly, the at least one sliding element (34) is retained by the track (84) such that it hangs therefrom, and it is slidable thereon with the aid of the sliding elements (96). With this configuration, there are no wheels that may be knocked off, or out of, a rail or the like. In fact, there is essentially no way at all for the door to be unintentionally removed from the track, as removal therefrom would require the intentional disassembly of several components. Additionally, there are no components in this configuration that can serve as a ligature point in those environments where this is a concern.
Referring again to
As a result of this locking mechanism, there is no need for a traditional latch or bolt extending out from the edge of the door, which could be used as a ligature point. Since users of the door have no access to the rod (130) itself, the door is able to be locked and unlocked without presenting any ligature risks.
In order to accommodate emergency pivoting of the lower door section (40) with respect to the upper door section (38) when desired (e.g., when sliding is prevented due to a barricade situation), the rod (130) is divided into an upper rod portion (136) disposed within the upper door section (38) and a lower rod portion (138) disposed within the lower door section (40). The top end of the rod (130), which fits into the protuberance (106) of the elongated rail (32), is defined by the upper rod portion (136), while the actuator (132) cooperates with the lower rod portion (138). The upper rod portion (136) and the lower rod portion (138) are engageable when the lower door section (40) is in the closed position so as to move together, such that actuation of the actuator (132) is translated into movement of the top end of the rod (130) by way of simultaneous movement of the upper rod portion (136) and the lower rod portion (138). However, the upper rod portion (136) and the lower rod portion (138) are disengageable so as to allow for the lower door section (40) to be pivoted to the open position when the safety release (48) is moved to the disengaged position.
In the illustrated embodiment, this engageability and disengageability between the upper rod portion (136) and the lower rod portion (138) is achieved by the provision of cooperating magnets, one magnet (140) being attached to a lower end of the upper rod portion (136) and the other magnet (142) being attached to the upper end of the lower rod portion (138). Of course, other arrangement are possible for achieving the same function, such as the provision of only one magnet, or other mechanisms entirely for disengageable attachment between the two rod sections.
The actuator (132) may comprise anti-ligature hardware, such as, for example, the hardware disclosed in commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 8,584,494, titled “Anti-Ligature Door Hardware”, the specification of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. For example, as shown in
On the end of the thumb turn (144) opposite from the pivot point (146), although not limited thereto, there may be a retaining member on the plate (148), such as a railing (150). The railing (150) may be adjacent to the thumb turn (144) in order to retain it in place. If the railing (150) is substantially close with the thumb turn (144), it may inhibit someone from inserting a ligature therebetween. In one embodiment, the railing (150) may partially overlap the thumb turn (144) to further retain it in place and inhibit it from being dislodged.
As another example, as shown in
The door handle (152) may be in pivotal connection with the plate (154) member, although not limited thereto. The plate member (154) and the door handle (152) may be substantially close to one another to inhibit a ligature from being inserted therebetween. The door handle (152) may have a pivot point (156) so that pivoting the door handle (152) about one end may operate the rod (130). It is appreciated that the pivot point (156) could be anywhere on the door handle (152) and it is not limited to its end. However, positioning the pivot point (156) substantially near its end helps secure the door handle (152) and may inhibit a person from slipping a ligature between the door handle (152) and the plate (154) at that end.
The door handle (152) may also have a toe (158) which interacts with a retaining member on the plate (154) such as a toe track (160), although not limited thereto. The toe (158) may be situated on the end of door handle (152) opposite from the pivot point (156), although not limited thereto. This allows for pivoting of the door handle (152) at the pivot point (156), while at the same time helping retain the door handle (152). The toe track (160) may retain the toe (158) of the door handle (152) by inhibiting it from being pivoted farther than the toe track (160) permits.
Since the door handle (152) may be coupled with the plate (154) substantially near each of its ends (e.g., pivot point and toe), a person attempting suicide is unable to slip a ligature between the door handle (152) and the plate (154) in order to hang him- or herself. The two connections also make it difficult for a person to break the door handle (152) off of the plate (154) and away from the door assembly (36), either to use it as a weapon, to cause damage to the door, or for some other reason.
As previously noted with reference to
In other embodiments, however, a frame structure like frame (22) is not required, and the track and channel structure may be mounted to a ceiling, wall, or the like, depending on the desired application. Moreover, though an institutional type of sliding door has been described, which includes aesthetically simple hardware, it should be understood that a more elaborate and/or aesthetically pleasing door and/or door hardware may be employed.
As previously described, the inventive system provides a sliding door, and more particularly a sliding door that possesses an emergency swing feature, such that in the event that the sliding door is barricaded from inside a room (e.g., by wedging paper or other items between the door and the door frame, by affixing an element to an inner surface of the door such that the element contacts the frame, thereby preventing sliding, etc.), the door may be swung outwardly by authorized personnel in order to access the barricaded room.
It should be understood that the foregoing is illustrative and not limiting, and that obvious modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. Accordingly, reference should be made primarily to the accompanying claims, rather than the foregoing specification, to determine the scope of the invention.
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| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| WO2018107051 | Jun 2018 | WO |
