1. Technical Field
The embodiments herein generally relate to medical devices, and, more particularly, to a sliding intervertebral implant used during orthopedic surgeries.
2. Description of the Related Art
Spinal fusion procedures may comprise the entire removal of the degenerated intervertebral disc between two adjacent vertebrae and the insertion of an implant within the intervertebral space. The implant may be positioned to maintain the spine alignment and the height and angle of the intervertebral space by pushing the vertebrae apart from each other, which helps in providing stability and proper maneuvering of the spine. Lastly, fusion material may be placed within the intervertebral space, which along with the body's natural cells, promotes bone formation. The fusion occurs between the endplates of the vertebrae.
A variety of implants of different configurations for intervertebral space have been developed to accomplish the spinal fusion surgeries. Some examples include spinal fusion cages, threaded bone dowels, stepped bone dowels, etc. The spinal fusion cages are mostly used as they are easy to handle. However, these cages offer some limitations. The spinal fusion cages generally do not maintain the spine alignment and the angle and height of the intervertebral space, thus the natural curvature of the spine may be changed. Also, it is typically very difficult to insert a spinal fusion cage into the vertebrae as they contain intricately combined parts. The wedge implants also suffer from certain drawbacks such as limited ability to prevent rotational forces between the vertebrae.
Most of these traditional intervertebral space implants are designed for either one-piece or multiple-pieces. For one-piece design, the implants are generally not accommodated to extend their surface contact in situ. Thus, to increase stability between two adjacent vertebrae, they generally have to be increased in size or inserted as a pair. For multiple assembly design, on the other hand, those parts are separated with rotational joints or expanded in heights (towards adjacent vertebral bodies). Generally, these tend to lack translation for all directions or have a limitation of rotation to increase the moment arm. Also, these devices are typically unable to sustain forces from the adjacent vertebrae and provide sufficient stability to the spine. Accordingly, there remains a need for a new intervertebral implant to restore motion in a patient's back in a controlled manner while permitting natural motion with stability.
In view of the foregoing, an embodiment herein provides a sliding intervertebral implant comprising an inner member adapted to connect to an intervertebral space between two adjacent vertebrae, wherein the inner member comprises a pair of arms spaced apart by a gap; an inclined plane configured in the gap; a back portion comprising an arcuate shape; and a fitting mechanism coupled below the pair of arms and the arcuate back portion, wherein the fitting mechanism comprises a knob and a neck. The implant further comprises an outer member slidably attached to the inner member, wherein the outer member comprises a pair of curved arms spaced apart by a channel, wherein the pair of curved arms comprise an arcuate shape to match the arcuate shape of the back portion of the inner member, wherein the knob is configured to slide in the channel within a limitation of a pre-set curvature, the pre-set curvature based on a pattern of a shape of the intervertebral space.
Preferably, the channel comprises an open end and a closed end, wherein the closed end fixes an end point of the inner member to slide with respect to the outer member. Additionally, the knob preferably comprises a width greater than a width of the neck. Also, the channel may comprise areas of multiple widths, wherein the multiple widths comprise a first width and a second width, and wherein the second width is greater than the first width. Furthermore, the knob may be adapted to slide with respect to the second width area of the channel. Moreover, the inner member and the outer member may be adapted to slide with respect to one another from a non-extended position to an extended position. Preferably, a top surface of the pair of arms of the inner member and a top surface of the outer member are planar with respect to one another in the non-extended position.
Another embodiment provides a sliding interbody device comprising a wedge-shaped first member adapted to connect to an intervertebral space between two adjacent vertebrae in a human body, wherein the first member comprises a pair of opposed arms and a knob, and an arcuate shaped second member configured to slidably attach to the first member, wherein the second member comprises a pair of opposed curved arms having a channel disposed therebetween, wherein each opposed curved arm comprises an arcuate top surface configured to match a contour of the first member, wherein the knob is configured to slide in the channel within a limitation of a pre-set curvature, the pre-set curvature based on a pattern of a shape of the intervertebral space, and wherein the channel comprises an open end and a closed end, wherein the closed end fixes an end point of the first member to slide with respect to the second member.
Furthermore, the pair of opposed arms of the first member may comprise a first arm perpendicular to a second arm, and wherein the first member may further comprise a gap separating the first arm from the second arm; an inclined plane configured in the gap and extending the length of the gap; a back portion comprising an arcuate shape; a bottom portion comprising an arcuate shape; and a neck outwardly extending from the bottom portion, wherein the knob outwardly extends from the neck, and wherein the knob is diametrically larger than the neck. Moreover, the channel may comprise areas of multiple widths, wherein the multiple widths comprise a first width and a second width, and wherein the second width is greater than the first width. Preferably, the pair of opposed curved arms of the second member comprises a first curved arm perpendicular to a second curved arm, wherein the channel comprises an arcuate shape and separates the first curved arm from the second curved arm, and wherein the channel comprises a pair of diametrically opposed grooves extending the length of the channel and located at a bottom portion of the channel.
Additionally, the knob may be adapted to align with the grooves of the channel. Furthermore, the first member and the second member may be adapted to slide in an arcuate path with respect to one another from a non-extended position to an extended position. Also, a top surface of the pair of opposed arms of the first member and a top surface of the second member are preferably planar with respect to one another in the non-extended position.
Another embodiment provides a method of performing a surgical procedure, wherein the method comprises engaging an intervertebral sliding implant in a non-extended position to a vertebral body, wherein the intervertebral sliding implant comprises a first member and a second member slidably attached to one another; adjusting the first member according to an intervertebral space between two adjacent vertebrae; and sliding the first member with respect to the second member within a limitation of a pre-set curvature to an extended position, wherein the pre-set curvature is based on a pattern of a second shape of the intervertebral space.
Preferably, the first member of the intervertebral sliding implant comprises an inclined plane adapted to fit a second shape of the intervertebral space; a curved back coupled to the inclined plane; a knob coupled to the curved back; and a neck coupled to the knob and the curved back of the first member. Furthermore, the second member of the intervertebral sliding implant preferably comprises a first curved arm; a second curved arm, wherein the first curved arm and the second curved arm are configured to accommodate the curved back of the first member; and a channel separating the first curved arm and the second curved arm, wherein the knob and the neck slide in the channel.
Additionally, the first member and the second member may be adapted to slide in an arcuate path with respect to one another from a non-extended position to an extended position. Moreover, the channel of the second member may comprise an extension adapted to accommodate the knob of the first member. Also, the channel may comprise an open end and a closed end, wherein the closed end fixes an end point of the first member to slide with respect to the second member.
These and other aspects of the embodiments herein will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions, while indicating preferred embodiments and numerous specific details thereof, are given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the embodiments herein without departing from the spirit thereof, and the embodiments herein include all such modifications.
The embodiments herein will be better understood from the following detailed description with reference to the drawings, in which:
The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
As previously mentioned, there remains a need for a new intervertebral implant to restore motion in a patient's back in a controlled manner while permitting natural motion with stability. The embodiments herein achieve this by providing an intervertebral implant that has two pieces that slide with respect to one another and moves from an extended position to a non-extended position. The first piece of the implant includes a slot configured to accommodate a correspondingly sized knob of the second piece to facilitate the sliding action. Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to
The channel 212 separates the first curved arm 202 and the second curved arm 204 from each other. The arms 202, 204 start from just below the top portion 208 and extends to the bottom wall 210. The channel 212 is spaced apart from the top portion 208 and extends to the bottom wall 210. A first end 215 of the channel 212 near the bottom wall 210 is open while the second end 217 near the top portion 208 is closed (best shown in
The curved back 308 matches with the curved shape of the first curved arm 202 and the second curved arm 204 of the outer member 104.
The fitting mechanism of the knob 312 in the extension 214 prevents decoupling of the inner member 102 from the outer member 104. The channel 212 accommodates the inner member 102 to slide with respect to the outer member 104 within a limitation of pre-set curvature. This curvature may follow a pattern of the outer shape of the intervertebral space. When the sliding intervertebral implant 100 is inserted into the intervertebral space, it is in the non-extended position in which the final surface contact of the implant 100 may not be changed; however the implant 100 may slide afterwards to sustain forces from the adjacent vertebrae.
The knob 312 acts as a fitting mechanism and helps the inner member 102 to slide over the outer member 104. The fitting mechanism of the sliding intervertebral implant 100 may accommodate the inner member 102 and the outer member 104 to slide with respect to each other within a limitation of the pre-set curvature. This curvature may follow a pattern of the outer shape of the intervertebral space (i.e., space between two adjacent vertebrae). When the sliding intervertebral implant 100 is inserted into the intervertebral space, the final surface contact of the implant 100 may not be changed (e.g., the non-extended position of the sliding intervertebral implant 100 of
This extended position of the implant 100 may increase a length of supporting surface between two adjacent vertebrae by increasing a length of the intervertebral implant 100. It may sustain forces from the adjacent vertebrae and increase stability of the vertebral column. The curvature of the sliding intervertebral implant 100 helps in increasing the length of supporting surface between the adjacent vertebrae since the changes in length affects the moment of inertia, the torsion value in lengthened surface is also affected greatly.
Preferably, the first member 102 of the intervertebral sliding implant 100 comprises an inclined plane 306 adapted to fit a second shape of the intervertebral space; a curved back 308 coupled to the inclined plane 306; a knob 312 coupled to the curved back 308; and a neck 314 coupled to the knob 312 and the curved back 308 of the first member 102. Furthermore, the second member 104 of the intervertebral sliding implant 100 preferably comprises a first curved arm 202; a second curved arm 204, wherein the first curved arm 202 and the second curved arm 204 are configured to accommodate the curved back 308 of the first member 102; and a channel 212 separating the first curved arm 202 and the second curved arm 204, wherein the knob 312 and the neck 314 slide in the channel 212.
Additionally, the first member 102 and the second member 104 may be adapted to slide in an arcuate path with respect to one another from a non-extended position to an extended position. Moreover, the channel 212 of the second member 104 may comprise an extension 214 adapted to accommodate the knob 312 of the first member 104. Also, the channel 212 may comprise an open end 215 and a closed end 217, wherein the closed end 217 fixes an end point of the first member 102 to slide with respect to the second member 104.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.