The present disclosure relates generally to fluid storage, and specifically to a mounting system for one or more fluid containment vessels and a method for mounting the fluid containment vessel(s) using the system. A particularly suitable fluid container is a pressure vessel. A typical pressure vessel includes a load bearing outer shell and a fluid impermeable inner liner.
Suitable pressure vessel shell materials include metals, such as steel; or composites, which may include laminated layers of wound fiberglass filaments or other synthetic fibers or filaments bonded together by a binder such as a thermoplastic resin. The fiber may be fiberglass, aramid, carbon, graphite, or any other generally known fibrous reinforcing material. The resin material used may be epoxy, polyester, vinyl ester, thermoplastic, or any other suitable resinous material capable of providing fiber-to-fiber bonding, fiber layer-to-layer bonding, and the fragmentation resistance for the particular application in which the vessel is to be used. Details relevant to the formation of an exemplary pressure vessel are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,838,971, entitled “Filament Winding Process and Apparatus,” which is incorporated herein by reference.
An elastomeric or other non-metal resilient liner or bladder often is disposed within a load-bearing shell to seal the vessel and prevent internal fluids from contacting the composite shell material. A polymeric liner can be manufactured by compression molding, blow molding, injection molding, or any other generally known technique. Alternatively, the liner can be made of other materials, including steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, platinum, gold, silver, stainless steel, and any alloys thereof. Such materials can be generally characterized as having a high modulus of elasticity. In one embodiment, the liner is formed of blow molded high density polyethylene (HDPE).
The composite construction of the vessels provides numerous advantages such as lightness in weight and resistance to corrosion, fatigue and catastrophic failure. These attributes are due at least in part to the high specific strengths of the reinforcing fibers or filaments. Such composite vessels are commonly used for containing a variety of fluids under pressure, such as hydrogen, oxygen, natural gas, nitrogen, methane, propane, and rocket or other fuel, for example. Generally, pressure vessels can be of any size or configuration. The vessels can be heavy or light, single-use (i.e., disposable), reusable, subjected to high pressures (greater than 50 pounds per square inch (psi), for example), low pressures (less than 50 psi, for example), or used for storing fluids at elevated or cryogenic temperatures, for example. Descriptions relevant to pressure vessels are presented in U.S. Pat. No. 5,476,189, entitled “Pressure vessel with damage mitigating system,” which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Composite pressure vessels of the character described above originally were developed for aircraft and aerospace applications primarily because of the critical weight restrictions in such vehicles. As compressed natural gas (CNG) has become more widely used in ground-based vehicles such as buses and cars, the composite pressure vessel has become more widely used. A generally cylindrical shape having rounded or domed ends is a highly-desirable form factor from a standpoint of both strength and packing efficiency. However, the rounded shape can make securing such a pressure vessel to a vehicle difficult.
The neck of the compressed gas cylinder provides a structural protrusion suitable for attachment by a collar or similar device. Certain known designs make use of this feature to secure a gas cylinder. However, such designs suffer from a number of drawbacks. Some designs handle vessel expansion, contraction, movement, and misalignment poorly and can place substantial stresses on the neck structure. Other designs inadequately secure the neck, so that there is a risk that the cylinder may detach from the mount under certain conditions, thereby placing stress on connection lines or other attached hardware.
In one aspect, an assembly is configured for use in a module that is configured to hold a plurality of vessels, at least one of the plurality of vessels comprising a neck and having a longitudinal axis. The assembly comprises a bracket and a mounting ring. The bracket has an opening and comprises a plate and a collar. The plate has a fixed position along the longitudinal axis, and the collar extends from the plate. The mounting ring comprises a second aperture configured to surround the neck, and the mounting ring comprises an outer surface configured to move within the opening along the longitudinal axis.
In another aspect, a module is configured for attachment to a plurality of pressure vessels, at least one of the plurality of pressure vessels comprising a neck and having a longitudinal axis. The module comprises a frame and a bracket. The frame comprises a plurality of first apertures, wherein at least one of the plurality of first apertures is configured for passage of the neck therethrough. The bracket has an opening and comprises a plate and a collar. The plate is attached to the frame, and the collar extends from the plate. The mounting ring comprises a second aperture configured to surround the neck, and the mounting ring comprises a cylindrical surface configured to move within the opening along the longitudinal axis.
In yet another aspect, a method is described for supporting a pressure vessel comprising a neck and having a longitudinal axis. The method comprises passing the neck through a first aperture of a frame; joining first and second portions of a mounting ring around the neck, wherein the mounting ring is axially fixed on the neck; sliding an opening of a bracket on an outer surface of the mounting ring; and attaching the bracket to the frame.
This summary is provided to introduce concepts in simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosed or claimed subject matter and is not intended to describe each disclosed embodiment or every implementation of the disclosed or claimed subject matter. Further, this summary is not intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. Many other novel advantages, features, and relationships will become apparent as this description proceeds. The figures and the description that follow more particularly exemplify illustrative embodiments.
The disclosed subject matter will be further explained with reference to the attached figures, wherein like structure or system elements are referred to by like reference numerals throughout the several views.
While the above-identified figures set forth one or more embodiments of the disclosed subject matter, other embodiments are also contemplated, as noted in the disclosure. In all cases, this disclosure presents the disclosed subject matter by way of representation and not limitation. It should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art which fall within the scope and spirit of the principles of this disclosure.
The figures may not be drawn to scale. In particular, some features may be enlarged relative to other features for clarity. Moreover, where terms such as above, below, over, under, top, bottom, side, right, left, vertical, horizontal, etc., are used, it is to be understood that they are used only for ease of understanding the description. It is contemplated that structures may be oriented otherwise. Descriptions of parts also apply to similarly numbered parts unless otherwise stated.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,986,490 by Eihusen et al., entitled “Method and apparatus for mounting a fluid containment cylinder,” which is hereby fully incorporated by reference, describes a prior art vessel securement method and apparatus that provides for securely fastening a pressure vessel against axial and rotational movement while enabling the pressure vessel mounting structures to accommodate a degree of misalignment without unduly stressing the neck of the pressure vessel. Eihusen's prior art cylinder and frame assembly includes a spherical bearing disposed around the outer surface of a neck of a boss of a pressure vessel or cylinder. A boss may be such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,429,845, entitled “Boss for a filament wound pressure vessel,” which is hereby incorporated by reference. However, pressure vessels are often mounted in locations having limited space, such as in vehicles. In such locations, the extended neck, frame, bearing and securing collar use valuable space, particularly in a length dimension (along a longitudinal axis of the pressure vessel).
Two specific embodiments of an armature and of an aperture are illustrated, and in some cases they will be differentiated by referring to the first embodiments with reference numbers 15, 22 and the second embodiments with reference to numbers 15′, 22′. However, in many aspects, the parts are similar; descriptions of an armature or aperture apply to all embodiments unless otherwise specified. This convention also applies to other similarly numbered elements.
In an exemplary embodiment, mounting frame assembly 16 also includes side walls 42, each of which has an open truss construction for lightweight rigidity. In an exemplary embodiment, an upper attachment flange 46 and a lower flange 48 are connected to each of the side walls 42. The upper and lower flanges 46, 48 provide horizontal surfaces with attachment features, such as fastener apertures, and are configured to allow mounting frame assembly 16 to be secured to a structure such as a vehicle frame, for example. The upper flange 46 also lends rigidity to the mounting frame assembly 16 by mechanically connecting the vertical walls 18, 20, 42.
As shown more fully in
As shown in
In an exemplary embodiment, slide ring 38 serves as an annular bearing that provides some resilience to deformation to accommodate for slight axial misalignment of mounting ring 26 within opening 54 of bracket 24. Suitable materials for slide ring 38 include, without limitation, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) compounded with carbon and optional graphite; glass fiber reinforced polyacetal resins, and other compounds, particularly those with properties as listed in Table 1.
In an exemplary embodiment, scraper ring 34, being formed of a compressible material, additionally offers vibration control and motion deflection performance. Moreover, freedom of motion in mounting system 10 to external structures can also be achieved by using flexible and resilient fasteners 80 at apertures 25 in bracket 24 for connection to walls 18, 20 of mounting frame assembly, for example (see
As shown in
On an exterior facing side of mounting ring 26, recess 32 similarly surrounds and accommodates the dimensions of armature 15. In an exemplary embodiment, mounting ring 26 of sliding mount 44 has a diameter that is able to accommodate armature 15, 15′ of various configurations but is not significantly larger than required for that function, so that its exterior dimensions are minimized, thereby allowing space between adjacent sliding mounts 44 for other structures to which the pressure vessels 12 may be connected, such as regulators and other devices.
In exemplary embodiments, a length of the components of the sliding mount 44 does not extend beyond an inherent length of a pressure vessel 12 with an armature 15 attached therethrough (in the axial directions 66). Thus, this disclosure describes a compact sliding mount 44 that allows for axial expansion of a length of a pressure vessel and some accommodation of forces in other directions. In an exemplary embodiment, bracket 24 includes an attachment plate 68 through which attachment apertures 25 are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, the attachment plate 68 has a substantially rectangular configuration, though other shapes can also be used. In an exemplary embodiment, a cylindrical collar 70 extends exteriorly from the plate 68 to an axial extent that is sufficient to accommodate a stacked arrangement of scraper ring 34 and slide ring 38.
As a length of pressure vessel 12 changes due to expansion of compressed gas within the pressure vessel, mounting ring 26 slides within bracket 24 in linear directions 66 along the longitudinal axis of pressure vessel 12. Slight tilting motions of the pressure vessel 12 at boss 14 are accommodated by the resilience of scraper ring 34 and slide ring 38 in contact with the exterior surface 60 of mounting ring 26.
Non-limiting examples of an assembly, module, and method of use are described. An exemplary assembly 44 is configured for use in a module 10 that is configured to hold a plurality of vessels 12, at least one of the plurality of vessels 12 comprising a neck 40 and having a longitudinal axis. The module 10 comprises a wall 18, 20 comprising a plurality of first apertures 22, wherein at least one of the plurality of first apertures 22 is configured for passage of the neck 40 therethrough. In an exemplary embodiment, the assembly 44 comprises a bracket 24 and a mounting ring 26. In an exemplary embodiment, the bracket 24 has an opening 54 and comprises a plate 68 configured for attachment to the wall 18, 20 and a collar 70 extending from the plate 68. In an exemplary embodiment, the mounting ring 26 comprises a second aperture 56 configured to surround the neck 40. In an exemplary embodiment, the mounting ring 26 comprises an outer surface 60 configured to move within the opening 54 along the longitudinal axis in directions 66.
In an exemplary embodiment, the mounting ring 26 comprises a first recess 32 configured to surround an armature 15 attached to the neck 40. In an exemplary embodiment, the mounting ring comprises a second recess 64 configured to surround a domed end 62 of the at least one of the plurality of vessels 12. In an exemplary embodiment as shown in
An exemplary module 10 is configured for attachment to a plurality of pressure vessels 12, at least one of the plurality of pressure vessels 12 comprising a neck 40 and having a longitudinal axis. In an exemplary embodiment, the module 10 comprises a frame 16, a bracket 24 and a mounting ring 26. In an exemplary embodiment, the frame 16 comprises a plurality of first apertures 22, wherein at least one of the plurality of first apertures 22 is configured for passage of the neck 40 therethrough. In an exemplary embodiment, the bracket 24 has an opening 54 and comprises a plate 68 and a collar 70. In an exemplary embodiment, the plate 68 is attached to the frame 16 and the collar 70 extends from the plate 68. In an exemplary embodiment, the mounting ring 26 comprises a second aperture 56 configured to surround the neck 40. In an exemplary embodiment, the mounting ring 26 comprises a cylindrical surface 60 configured to move within the opening 54 along the longitudinal axis.
An exemplary method for supporting a pressure vessel 12 is described, wherein the pressure vessel 12 comprises a neck 40 and has a longitudinal axis. An exemplary method comprises passing the neck 40 through a first aperture 22 of a frame 16; joining first and second portions 28, 36 of a mounting ring 26 around the neck 40, wherein the mounting ring 26 is axially fixed on the neck 40; sliding an opening 54 of a bracket 24 on an outer surface 60 of the mounting ring 26; and attaching the bracket 24 to the frame 16.
An exemplary method comprises changing a length of the pressure vessel 12 so that the mounting ring 26 moves axially within the opening 54. In an exemplary method, the bracket 24 comprises an annular bearing 38 disposed at the opening 54, the method including moving the outer surface 60 of the mounting ring 26 against the annular bearing 38. In an exemplary method, the bracket 24 comprises a resilient annulus 34 disposed at the opening 54, the method including moving the outer surface 60 of the mounting ring 26 against the resilient annulus 34.
Although the subject of this disclosure has been described with reference to several embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the scope of the disclosure. In addition, any feature disclosed with respect to one embodiment may be incorporated in another embodiment, and vice-versa.
This application claims the benefit of priority from U.S. provisional patent application No. 63/508,325 filed Jun. 15, 2023, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | |
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63508325 | Jun 2023 | US |