Claims
- 1. A process for reducing smoke emitted from a two-cycle engine which comprises:
- (1) mixing a distillate fuel with from about 1 to about 3 vol. % of a lubricating oil basestock to produce a fuel-oil mixture
- (2) heating a quaternary ammonium hydroxide having the general formula: ##STR4## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon radical or a hydroxy terminated radical having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is a hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrocarbon radicals having from 4 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, or R.sub.4 optionally contains a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or mixtures thereof, or a mixture of quaternary ammonium hydroxide having the general formula (I) to a temperature sufficient to decompose said quarternary ammonium hydroxide to the Hofmann decomposition products thereof,
- (3) adding to the fuel-oil mixture from about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % based on weight of lubricant in the fuel-oil mixture of an additive comprising the Hofmann decomposition products of the quarternary ammonium hydroxide, and
- (4) operating the two-cycle engine with the additive containing fuel-oil mixture.
- 2. The process of claim 1 wherein R.sub.2 has from 4 to 24 carbon atoms.
- 3. The process of claim 1 wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, or R.sub.4 is a normal, branched or substituted alkyl group, unsaturated paraffin group, cyclic hydrocarbon group, aryl group, arylalkyl group, or mixtures thereof.
- 4. The process of claim 1 wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, or mixtures thereof is selected from the group consisting of octyl, dodecyl, decyl, octadecyl, capryl radicals, and mixtures thereof.
- 5. The process of claim 1 wherein the quaternary ammonium hydroxide is selected from the group consisting of dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium hydroxide, tetraoctyl ammonium hydroxide, tricaprylmethyl ammonium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof.
- 6. The process of claim 5 wherein the quaternary ammonium hydroxide comprises tricapryl methyl ammonium hydroxide.
- 7. The process of claim 1 wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, or mixtures thereof also contains a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or mixtures thereof.
- 8. The process of claim 1 wherein the fuel is gasoline.
- 9. The process of claim 1 wherein the Hofmann decomposition products contain olefins and tertiary amines having the formula R.sub.1 R.sub.3 R.sub.4 N, R.sub.2 R.sub.3 R.sub.4 N or mixtures thereof wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon radical or a hydroxy terminated radical having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is a hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrocarbon radicals having from 4 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, or R.sub.4 optionally contains a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or mixtures thereof.
Parent Case Info
This is a Continuation-in-Part of U.S. Ser. No. 634,836 filed Dec. 27, 1990, now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (4)
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
634836 |
Dec 1990 |
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