Patent Grant
10485266
WO 2007/078273 discloses an electrical smoking system which uses a liquid as an aerosol forming substrate. The liquid is stored in a container formed of a porous material. The container communicates with a heater vaporizer, powered by a battery supply, via a series of small apertures. In use, the heater is activated by the mouth of the user for switching on the battery power supply. Further, suction on the mouthpiece by the user causes air to be drawn through the porous container for liquid, over the heater vaporizer, and into the mouthpiece and subsequently into the mouth of a user.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved smoking system.
In a preferred embodiment, a smoking system includes a capillary wick for holding liquid, at least one heater for heating the liquid in at least a portion of the capillary wick to form an aerosol, at least one air inlet, at least one air outlet and a chamber between the air inlet and air outlet, the air inlet, the air outlet and the chamber being arranged so as to define an air flow route from the air inlet to the air outlet via the capillary wick so as to convey the aerosol to the air outlet, and at least one guide for channeling the air flow in the air flow route, so as to control particle size in the aerosol. Preferably, the at least one guide is arranged so that the airflow speed over the wick is greater than the air flow speed upstream of the wick. Also preferably, the at least one guide is arranged to control the particle size of the aerosol to have a diameter substantially less than about 1.5 micrometers.
In the preferred embodiment, the smoking system also includes a housing. In one embodiment, the at least one guide for channeling the air flow is provided by the internal shape of the housing. In another embodiment, the internal shape of the housing at least partially defines the shape of the chamber. In yet another embodiment, the housing is internally shaped downstream of the capillary wick to form an impactor for trapping larger aerosol particles. In still another embodiment, the at least one guide for channeling the air flow is provided by one or more removable inserts contained in the housing. Preferably, at least one of the removable inserts is downstream of the capillary wick and includes an impactor for trapping larger aerosol particles.
In the preferred embodiment, the capillary wick is elongate. In one embodiment, the guides are configured to channel the air flow upstream of the capillary wick in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. In another embodiment, the guides are configured to channel the air flow downstream of the capillary wick in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. In yet another embodiment, the guides are configured to channel the air flow around the capillary wick in a spiral. In still another embodiment, the guides are configured to channel the air flow onto the capillary wick in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. In another embodiment, the guides are configured to channel the air flow off the capillary wick in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. In still another embodiment, the guides are configured to channel the air flow off the capillary wick in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick.
Also in the preferred embodiment, the at least one heater includes a coil of wire at least partially surrounding the capillary wick.
In another embodiment, a smoking system includes a capillary wick for holding liquid, at least one air inlet, at least one air outlet and a chamber between the air inlet and air outlet, the air inlet, the air outlet and the chamber being arranged so as to define an air flow route from the air inlet to the air outlet via the capillary wick so as to convey aerosol formed from the liquid to the air outlet, and at least one guide for channeling the air flow in the air flow route, so as to control particle size in the aerosol.
In still another embodiment, an aerosol delivery system includes a capillary wick for holding liquid, at least one heater for heating the liquid in at least a portion of the capillary wick to form an aerosol, at least one air inlet, at least one air outlet and a chamber between the air inlet and air outlet; the air inlet, the air outlet and the chamber being arranged so as to define an air flow route from the air inlet to the air outlet via the capillary wick so as to convey the aerosol to the air outlet, and at least one guide for channeling air flow in the air flow route, so as to control particle size in the aerosol.
The invention will be further described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
The present invention relates to a smoking system having a liquid storage portion. In a preferred embodiment, a smoking system includes a capillary wick for holding liquid, at least one heater for heating the liquid in at least a portion of the capillary wick to form an aerosol, at least one air inlet, at least one air outlet and a chamber between the air inlet and air outlet, the air inlet, the air outlet and the chamber being arranged so as to define an air flow route from the air inlet to the air outlet via the capillary wick so as to convey the aerosol to the air outlet, and at least one guide for channeling the air flow in the air flow route, so as to control particle size in the aerosol.
In use, when the heater is activated, the liquid in the at least one portion of the capillary wick is vaporized by the heater to form a supersaturated vapor. The supersaturated vapor is mixed with and carried in the air flow from the at least one air inlet. During the flow, the vapor condenses to form an aerosol in the chamber, and the aerosol is carried towards the air outlet into the mouth of a user. As used herein, the upstream and downstream relative positions are described in relation to the direction of air flow as it is drawn from the air inlet to the air outlet.
The smoking system provides a number of advantages. Most significantly, the at least one guide improves the air and aerosol flow through the smoking system. In particular, the management of the air and aerosol flow through the smoking system by the guides allows either control of the air flow upstream of the capillary wick or control of the air and aerosol flow downstream of the capillary wick or both. Management of the air flow, in particular the air flow direction and the air flow speed, allows the particle size in the resulting aerosol to be controlled and preferably reduced compared with known devices. This improves the smoking experience. In addition, control of the air and aerosol flow can result in higher system efficiency and resulting energy savings.
The liquid has physical properties, for example a boiling point suitable for use in the smoking system: if the boiling point is too high, the at least one heater will not be able to vaporize liquid in the capillary wick, but, if the boiling point is too low, the liquid may vaporize even without the at least one heater being activated. The liquid preferably includes a tobacco-containing material including volatile tobacco flavor compounds which are released from the liquid upon heating. Alternatively, or in addition, the liquid may include a non-tobacco material. For example, the liquid may include water, solvents, ethanol, plant extracts and natural or artificial flavors. Preferably, the liquid further includes an aerosol former. Examples of suitable aerosol formers are glycerine and propylene glycol.
In the preferred embodiment, the smoking system further includes a liquid storage portion. Preferably, the capillary wick is arranged to be in contact with liquid in the liquid storage portion. In that case, in use, liquid is transferred from the liquid storage portion towards the heater by capillary action in the capillary wick. In one embodiment, the capillary wick has a first end and a second end, the first end extending into the liquid storage portion for contact with liquid therein and the at least one heater being arranged to heat liquid in the second end. When the heater is activated, the liquid at the second end of the capillary wick is vaporized by the heater to form the supersaturated vapor.
An advantage of this embodiment is that the liquid in the liquid storage portion is protected from oxygen (because oxygen cannot generally enter the liquid storage portion via the capillary wick) and, in some embodiments light, so that the risk of degradation of the liquid is significantly reduced. Therefore, a high level of hygiene can be maintained. Using a capillary wick extending between the liquid and the heater, allows the structure of the system to be relatively simple. The liquid has physical properties, including viscosity, which allow the liquid to be transported through the capillary wick by capillary action.
The liquid storage portion is preferably a container. Preferably, the liquid storage portion does not include any porous materials, so that there is only a single capillary mechanism (the capillary wick) in the smoking system. This keeps the structure of the smoking system simple and the entire system low-maintenance. Preferably, the container is opaque, thereby limiting degradation of the liquid by light. The liquid storage portion may not be refillable. Thus, when the liquid in the liquid storage portion has been used up, the smoking system is replaced. Alternatively, the liquid storage portion may be refillable. In that case, the smoking system may be replaced after a certain number of refills of the liquid storage portion. Preferably, the liquid storage portion is arranged to hold liquid for a pre-determined number of puffs.
In the preferred embodiment, the capillary wick may have a fibrous or spongy structure. For example, the capillary wick may include a plurality of fibers or threads. The fibers or threads may be generally aligned in the longitudinal direction of the smoking system. Alternatively, the capillary wick may include sponge-like material formed into a rod shape. The rod shape may extend along the longitudinal direction of the smoking system. In the preferred embodiment, the structure of the wick forms a plurality of small bores or tubes, through which the liquid can be transported to the heater, by capillary action.
Preferably, the capillary wick may include any suitable material or combination of materials. Examples of suitable materials are ceramic- or graphite-based materials in the form of fibers or sintered powders. Moreover, the capillary wick may have any suitable capillarity and porosity so as to be used with different liquid physical properties such as density, viscosity, surface tension and vapor pressure. The capillary properties of the wick, combined with the properties of the liquid, ensure that the wick is always wet in the heating area. If the wick is dry, there may be overheating, which can lead to thermal degradation of liquid.
Preferably, the at least one guide channels the air flow by controlling the air flow velocity, that is to say, the speed of the air flow and the direction of the air flow. This may be by directing the air flow in a particular direction. Alternatively or additionally, this may be by controlling the speed of the air flow. The air flow speed may be controlled by varying the cross sectional area of the air flow route, so as to take advantage of the Venturi effect. Air flow through a constricted section increases in speed in order to satisfy the equation of continuity. Similarly, air flow through a wider section decreases in speed.
Preferably, the at least one guide is arranged so that the air flow speed over the wick is greater than the air flow speed upstream of the wick. This is preferably achieved by the guides defining a constricted air flow cross section over the wick, which will force the air flow to accelerate.
Preferably, the at least one guide is arranged to control the particle size of the aerosol to have a diameter substantially less than about 1.5 micrometers (μm). Even more preferably, the at least one guide is arranged to control the particle size of the aerosol to have a diameter substantially less than about 1.0 micrometers (μm).
In the preferred embodiment, the smoking system can further include a housing and the at least one guide for channeling the air flow is provided by the internal shape of the housing. That is to say, the internal shape of the assembly itself channels the air flow. Preferably, the inside surface of the housing walls have a shape which forms guides to channel the air flow. The guides provided by the internal shape of the housing may be provided upstream of the capillary wick. In that case, the guides channel the air flow from the air inlet towards the capillary wick. Alternatively or additionally, the guides provided by the internal shape of the housing may be provided downstream of the capillary wick. In that case, the guides channel the aerosol and air flow from the capillary wick towards the air outlet. In the preferred embodiment, the internal shape of the housing defines a tapered channel towards the air outlet.
In another embodiment, the internal shape of the housing may define a linear flow upstream or downstream of the capillary wick. Alternatively, the internal shape of the housing may define a swirled, that is to say, rotating or spiraling, flow upstream or downstream of the capillary wick. In yet another embodiment, the internal shape of the housing may define any turbulent flow upstream or downstream of the capillary wick.
In the preferred embodiment, the smoking system may also include a housing and the internal shape of the housing may at least partially define the shape of the chamber. The size and shape of the chamber affects the air and aerosol flow from the capillary wick towards the air outlet, which affects the process of aerosol formation. This affects the size of the particles in the aerosol. For example, if the chamber is small, this will encourage a fast movement of the aerosol particles towards the air outlet. On the other hand, if the chamber is larger, this may allow more time for the aerosol to form and flow towards the air outlet. The chamber may surround the capillary wick or may be downstream of the capillary wick. The position of the chamber relative to the capillary wick also affects the size of the particles in the aerosol. This is because this affects how quickly the vapor condenses to form the aerosol.
In another embodiment, the smoking system includes a housing and the housing is internally shaped downstream of the capillary wick to form an impactor for trapping larger aerosol particles. Larger aerosol particles may be those aerosol particles which have a diameter greater than about 1.5 micro meters. Alternatively, larger aerosol particles may be those aerosol particles which have a diameter greater than about 1.0 micro meters. Alternatively, larger aerosol particles may include those aerosol particles having another size. The greater inertia of the larger aerosol particles means that, if the air flow route includes a sudden change in direction, the larger aerosol particles may not be able to change direction sufficiently quickly to remain in the air flow route and may, instead, be trapped by the impactor. The impactor is preferably positioned to take advantage of the greater momentum of the larger aerosol particles.
Preferably, the position of the impactor, for example relative to the capillary wick and heater and relative to the chamber, will affect the size and number of particles which are trapped. If the smoking system includes an impactor, the at least one guide may include an acceleration nozzle for directing the aerosol towards the impactor. The nozzle may define a decreasing cross sectional area of the air flow route, so as to accelerate the aerosol towards the impactor. Larger aerosol particles become trapped on the impactor, whereas the smaller aerosol particles can divert around the impactor in the flow route.
In another embodiment, the smoking system further includes a housing, and the at least one guide for channeling the air flow is provided by one or more removable inserts contained in the housing. The one or more removable inserts may include a removable insert upstream of the capillary wick. In that case, the guides channel the air flow from the air inlet towards the capillary wick and heater. Alternatively or additionally, the one or more removable inserts may include a removable insert downstream of the capillary wick. In that case, the guides channel the aerosol and air flow from the capillary wick and heater towards the air outlet. The one or more removable inserts may channel the air flow directly on to the capillary wick and heater. The one or more removable inserts may channel the air flow directly off the capillary wick and heater.
Preferably, the one or more removable inserts may define a linear flow upstream or downstream of the capillary wick and heater. The one or more removable inserts may define a swirled, that is to say, rotating or spiraling, flow upstream or downstream of the capillary wick. The one or more removable inserts may define any turbulent flow upstream or downstream of the capillary wick.
The one or more removable inserts may at least partially define the shape of the chamber. Usually, this will be in combination with the internal shape of the housing, but that is not necessarily the case. The size and shape of the chamber affects the air and aerosol flow from the capillary wick and heater towards the air outlet. This affects the size of the particles in the aerosol. The chamber may surround the capillary wick and heater or may be downstream of the capillary wick and heater. The position of the chamber relative to the capillary wick and heater also affects the size of the particles in the aerosol.
In one embodiment, the one or more removable inserts includes a removable insert surrounding the capillary wick and heater. In that case, preferably the removable insert defines the flow route directly on to the capillary wick and heater and directly off the capillary wick and heater. In one embodiment, the capillary wick is elongate and the removable insert directs the air flow on to the capillary wick in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick and directs the air flow off the capillary wick in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. Preferably, the smoking system includes an elongate housing and the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick and the longitudinal axis of the housing are substantially parallel. In another embodiment, the capillary wick is elongate and the removable insert directs the air flow on to the capillary wick in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick and directs the air flow off the capillary wick in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. In that case, the air flow on to the capillary wick may be substantially perpendicular to the air flow off the capillary wick. Alternatively, the air flow on to the capillary wick may be substantially in the same direction as the air flow off the capillary wick. Again, preferably, the smoking system includes an elongate housing and the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick and the longitudinal axis of the housing are substantially parallel.
Preferably, at least one of the removable inserts includes bores for channeling the air flow therethrough. The bores may be formed in the insert by machining or, alternatively, by injection molding.
In one embodiment, at least one of the removable inserts is downstream of the capillary wick and includes an impactor for trapping larger aerosol particles. Larger aerosol particles may be those aerosol particles which have a diameter greater than about 1.5 micrometers. Alternatively, larger aerosol particles may be those aerosol particles which have a diameter greater than about 1.0 micrometers. Alternatively, larger aerosol particles may include those aerosol particles having another size. The greater inertia of the larger aerosol particles means that, if the air flow route includes a sudden change in direction, the larger aerosol particles may not be able to change direction sufficiently quickly to remain in the air flow route and may, instead, be trapped by the impactor. The impactor is preferably positioned to take advantage of the greater momentum of the larger aerosol particles.
For example, the removable insert may include a plate positioned downstream of the capillary wick for trapping larger aerosol particles which come into contact with the plate. The plate may be positioned substantially perpendicular to the air flow route. The position of the impactor, for example relative to the capillary wick and heater and relative to the chamber, will affect the size and number of particles which are trapped.
If the smoking system includes an impactor, the at least one guide may include an acceleration nozzle for directing the aerosol towards the impactor. The nozzle may define a decreasing cross sectional area of the air flow route, so as to accelerate the aerosol towards the impactor. Larger aerosol particles become trapped on the impactor, whereas the smaller aerosol particles can divert around the impactor in the flow route.
In the preferred embodiment, the one or more removable inserts may contain any of the liquid storage portion, the capillary wick and the heater. If a removable insert contains the liquid storage portion, the capillary wick and the heater, those parts of the smoking system may be removable from the housing as a single component. This may be useful for refilling or replacing the liquid storage portion, for example.
The guides may be provided by additional components positioned in the flow route. For example, the smoking system may further include pins, grills, perforated tubes, or any other component which may affect the flow route.
In one embodiment, the capillary wick is elongate and the guides are configured to channel the air flow upstream of the capillary wick in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. In that embodiment, the smoking system may be elongate in shape, with the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick being substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the smoking system.
In another embodiment, the capillary wick is elongate and the guides are configured to channel the air flow downstream of the capillary wick in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. In that embodiment, the smoking system may be elongate in shape, with the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick being substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the smoking system.
In one embodiment, the guides are configured to channel the air flow around the capillary wick in a spiral. In that case, the air may enter the spiral in a tangential direction. The air may exit the spiral in a tangential direction. In that embodiment, the capillary wick may be elongate in shape and the spiral may have an axis which is substantially the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. The smoking system may be elongate in shape, with the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick being substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the smoking system.
In yet another embodiment, the capillary wick is elongate and the guides are configured to channel the air flow onto the capillary wick in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. In that embodiment, the smoking system may be elongate in shape, with the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick being substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the smoking system.
Alternatively, the guides may be configured to channel the air flow onto the capillary wick in a direction intermediate between the direction of the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick and the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. That is to say, the guides may channel the air flow onto the capillary wick at a non-90° angle to the capillary wick, that is to say, in a diagonal direction.
In one embodiment, the capillary wick is elongate and the guides are configured to channel the air flow off the capillary wick in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. In that embodiment, the smoking system may be elongate in shape, with the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick being substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the smoking system.
In another embodiment, the capillary wick is elongate and the guides are configured to channel the air flow off the capillary wick in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. In that embodiment, the smoking system may be elongate in shape, with the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick being substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the smoking system.
Alternatively, the guides may be configured to channel the air flow off the capillary wick in a direction intermediate between the direction of the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick and the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick. That is to say, the guides may channel the air flow off the capillary wick at a non-90° angle to the capillary wick, that is to say, in a diagonal direction.
In the preferred embodiment, the at least one heater may include a single heating element. Alternatively, the at least one heater may include more than one heating element, for example two, three, four, five, six or more heating elements. The heating element or heating elements may be arranged appropriately so as to most effectively vaporize liquid in the capillary wick.
The at least one heater preferably includes an electrical heating element. The at least one heater preferably includes an electrically resistive material. Suitable electrically resistive materials include but are not limited to: semiconductors such as doped ceramics, electrically “conductive” ceramics (such as, for example, molybdenum disilicide), carbon, graphite, metals, metal alloys and composite materials made of a ceramic material and a metallic material. Such composite materials may include doped or undoped ceramics.
Examples of suitable doped ceramics include doped silicon carbides.
Examples of suitable metals include titanium, zirconium, tantalum and metals from the platinum group. Examples of suitable metal alloys include stainless steel, Constantan, nickel-, cobalt-, chromium-, aluminium-titanium-zirconium-, hafnium-, niobium-, molybdenum-, tantalum-, tungsten-, tin-, gallium-, manganese- and iron-containing alloys, and super-alloys based on nickel, iron, cobalt, stainless steel, Timetal® and iron-manganese-aluminium based alloys. Timetal® is a registered trade mark of Titanium Metals Corporation, 1999 Broadway Suite 4300, Denver Colo. In composite materials, the electrically resistive material may optionally be embedded in, encapsulated or coated with an insulating material or vice-versa, depending on the kinetics of energy transfer and the external physicochemical properties required.
The at least one heater may take any suitable form. For example, the at least one heater may take the form of a heating blade. Alternatively, the at least one heater may take the form of a casing or substrate having different electro-conductive portions, or an electrically resistive metallic tube. Alternatively, the at least one heater may be a disk (end) heater or a combination of a disk heater with heating needles or rods. Alternatively, the at least one heater may take the form of a metallic etched foil insulated between two layers of an inert material. In that case, the inert material may include Kapton, all-polyimide or mica foil. Alternatively, the at least one heater may take the form of a sheet of material, which may be rolled around at least a portion of the capillary wick. Alternatively, the at least one heater may take the form of an etched foil folded around at least a portion of the capillary wick. The etched foil may include a metal sheet cut by a laser or by electro-chemical process. The sheet may be made from any suitable material, for example an iron-aluminium based alloy, an iron-manganese-aluminium base alloy or Timetal®. The sheet may be rectangular in shape, or may have a patterned shape which may form a coil-like structure when rolled around the capillary wick. Other alternatives include a heating wire or filament, for example a Ni—Cr, platinum, tungsten or alloy wire.
In one embodiment, the at least one heater includes a coil of wire at least partially surrounding the capillary wick. In that embodiment, preferably the wire is a metal wire. Even more preferably, the wire is a metal alloy wire. The coil may extend fully or partially along the length of the capillary wick. The coil may extend fully or partially around the circumference of the capillary wick. In another embodiment, the coil is not in contact with the capillary wick. This allows the heating coil to heat the capillary wick but reduces wastage by not vaporizing more liquid than necessary. This also reduces the amount of liquid which condenses on the inside walls, thereby reducing cleaning requirements.
Preferably, the at least one heater may heat the liquid in the capillary wick by means of conduction. The heater may be at least partially in contact with the wick. Alternatively, heat from the heater may be conducted to the liquid by means of a heat conductive element. Alternatively, the at least one heater may transfer heat to the incoming ambient air that is drawn through the smoking system during use, which in turn heats the liquid by convection. The ambient air may be heated before passing through the system. Alternatively, the ambient air may be first drawn through the wick and then heated.
In one embodiment, the smoking system is an electrically heated smoking system. In that embodiment, the smoking system may further include an electric power supply. Preferably, the electric power supply includes a cell contained in a housing. The electric power supply may be a Lithium-ion battery or one of its variants, for example a Lithium-ion polymer battery. Alternatively, the power supply may be a Nickel-metal hydride battery, a Nickel cadmium battery, a Lithium-manganese battery, a Lithium-cobalt battery or a fuel cell. In that case, preferably, the electrically heated smoking system is usable by a smoker until the energy in the power cell is used up. Alternatively, the electric power supply may include circuitry chargeable by an external charging portion. In that case, preferably the circuitry, when charged, provides power for a pre-determined number of puffs, after which the circuitry must be re-connected to the external charging portion. An example of suitable circuitry is one or more capacitors or rechargeable batteries.
If the smoking system is an electrically heated smoking system, the smoking system may further include electric circuitry. In one embodiment, the electric circuitry includes a sensor to detect air flow indicative of a user taking a puff. The sensor may be an electro-mechanical device. Alternatively, the sensor may be any of: a mechanical device, an optical device, an opto-mechanical device, a micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) based sensor and an acoustic sensor. In that case, preferably, the electric circuitry is arranged to provide an electric current pulse to the at least one heater when the sensor senses a user taking a puff. Preferably, the time-period of the electric current pulse is pre-set, depending on the amount of liquid desired to be vaporized. The electric circuitry is preferably programmable for this purpose.
Alternatively, the electric circuitry may include a manually operable switch for a user to initiate a puff. The time-period of the electric current pulse is preferably pre-set depending on the amount of liquid desired to be vaporized. The electric circuitry is preferably programmable for this purpose.
In one embodiment, the at least one air inlet includes two air inlets. Alternatively, there may be three, four, five or more air inlets. Preferably, if there is more than one air inlet, the air inlets are spaced around the housing. In the preferred embodiment, the electric circuitry includes a sensor to detect air flow indicative of a user taking a puff, and the at least one air inlet upstream of the sensor.
Preferably, the smoking system further includes a puff indicator for indicating when the at least one heater is activated. In the embodiment in which the electric circuitry includes a sensor to detect air flow indicative of a user taking a puff, the indicator may be activated when the sensor senses air flow indicative of the user taking a puff. In the embodiment in which the electric circuitry includes a manually operable switch, the indicator may be activated by the switch.
The electrically heated smoking system may further include an atomizer including the at least one heater. In addition to a heating element, the atomizer may include one or more electromechanical elements such as piezoelectric elements. Additionally or alternatively, the atomizer may also include elements that use electrostatic, electromagnetic or pneumatic effects.
Preferably, the smoking system includes a housing. The housing may include a shell and a mouthpiece. In that case, all the components may be contained in either the shell or the mouthpiece. In the case of an electrically heated smoking system, preferably, the electric power supply and the electric circuitry are contained in the shell. Preferably, the liquid storage portion, the capillary wick, the at least one heater and the air outlet are contained in the mouthpiece. The at least one air inlet may be provided in either the shell or the mouthpiece. The guides may be provided in either the shell or the mouthpiece or both the shell and the mouthpiece. Preferably, the mouthpiece is replaceable. Having a shell and a separate mouthpiece provides a number of advantages. First, if the replaceable mouthpiece contains the at least one heater, the liquid storage portion and the wick, all elements which are potentially in contact with the liquid are changed when the mouthpiece is replaced. There will be no cross-contamination in the shell between different mouthpieces, for example ones using different liquids. Also, if the mouthpiece is replaced at suitable intervals, there is little chance of the heater becoming clogged with liquid. Preferably, the shell and mouthpiece are arranged to releasably lock together when engaged.
The housing may include any suitable material or combination of materials. Examples of suitable materials include metals, alloys, plastics or composite materials containing one or more of those materials, or thermoplastics that are suitable for food or pharmaceutical applications, for example polypropylene, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyethylene. Preferably, the material is light and non-brittle.
Preferably, the smoking system is portable. The smoking system may have a size comparable to a conventional cigar or cigarette.
In one embodiment, a smoking system includes a capillary wick for holding liquid, at least one air inlet, at least one air outlet and a chamber between the air inlet and air outlet, the air inlet, the air outlet and the chamber being arranged so as to define an air flow route from the air inlet to the air outlet via the capillary wick so as to convey aerosol formed from the liquid to the air outlet, and at least one guide for channeling the air flow in the air flow route, so as to control particle size in the aerosol.
In that case, the smoking system may include an atomizer to create the aerosol. The atomizer may include one or more electromechanical elements such as piezoelectric elements. Additionally or alternatively, the atomizer may also include elements that use electrostatic, electromagnetic or pneumatic effects.
Features described in relation to one embodiment of the invention may also be applicable to another embodiment of the invention.
In use, operation is as follows. Liquid 115 is transferred by capillary action from the cartridge 113 from the end of the wick 117 which extends into the cartridge to the other end of the wick 117 which is surrounded by the heating coil 119. When a user draws on the device at the air outlet 125, ambient air is drawn through air inlet 123. In
As shown in
The capillary wick can be made from a variety of porous or capillary materials and preferably has a known, pre-defined capillarity. Examples include ceramic- or graphite-based materials in the form of fibers or sintered powders. Wicks of different porosities can be used to accommodate different liquid physical properties such as density, viscosity, surface tension and vapor pressure. The wick must be suitable so that the required amount of liquid can be delivered to the heating coil.
A number of embodiments will now be described, based on the example shown in
Preferably, the removable insert 201 extends across the entire cross section of the smoking system 200 and includes channels 205 for channeling the air flow between the air inlet and the capillary wick and heating coil. In this embodiment, the liquid cartridge, the capillary wick and the heating coil all form part of the removable insert 201, although this need not be the case. The channels 205 taper inward to direct the air flow generally in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the housing but diagonally towards the capillary wick and heating coil.
In addition, the housing inside walls 203 are shaped to form the aerosol forming chamber 202 and provide guides for channeling the air and aerosol flow between the capillary wick and heating coil and the air outlet, through the aerosol forming chamber 202. In this embodiment, the housing inside walls 203 are tapered towards the air outlet, thereby direct the air and aerosol flow substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the housing.
The embodiment shown in
A number of variations are possible in the smoking system of
Just like removable insert 201 in
In addition, the housing inside walls 303 are shaped to form the aerosol forming chamber 302 and to provide guides for channeling the air and aerosol flow between the capillary wick and heating coil and the air outlet, through the aerosol forming chamber 302. In this embodiment, the housing inside walls 303 are tapered towards the air outlet and thereby direct the air and aerosol flow substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the housing.
The embodiment shown in
A number of variations are possible in the smoking system of
The removable insert 401 is similar to removable insert 301 shown in
In addition, the housing inside walls 403 and impactor 405 provide guides for channeling the aerosol flow between the capillary wick and heating coil and the air outlet. The housing inside walls 403 and impactor 405 also form the aerosol forming chamber 402. In this embodiment, the housing inside walls are shaped so as to direct the flow away from the heating coil in the radial direction, that is to say, substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the housing. Preferably, the impactor 405 includes a removable insert which may be positioned in the center of the device, supported by the housing walls (see dotted lines). The impactor 405 allows larger aerosol particles to be trapped on its upstream side. This produces a filtering effect and reduces the average particle size. This is shown schematically in
The embodiment shown in
A number of variations are possible in the smoking system of
The removable insert 501 is similar to removable insert 201 shown in
In addition, the housing inside walls 503 are tapered inward to form the aerosol forming chamber 502. The housing inside walls 503 together with the impactor 505 provide guides for channeling the aerosol flow between the capillary wick and heating coil and the air outlet. In this embodiment, the housing inside walls 503 are shaped so as to form a nozzle to direct and accelerate the air flow substantially in the axial direction. Preferably, impactor 505 is located directly downstream of the aerosol forming chamber.
The embodiment shown in
A number of variations are possible in the smoking system of
The housing inside walls 503 may be shaped appropriately for the desired volume and shape of the aerosol forming chamber 502 within the smoking system and for the desired acceleration of the aerosol towards the impactor 505. The impactor may be formed by machining or injection molding. The shape and size of the impactor plate 505a may be varied. The distance between the downstream end of the aerosol forming chamber 502 and the impactor plate may be varied.
In addition, the housing inside walls 603 provide guides for channeling the air and aerosol flow between the capillary wick and heating coil and the air outlet. The housing inside walls 603 also define the aerosol forming chamber 602. In this embodiment, the housing inside walls 603 are shaped so as to direct the air and aerosol flow substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the housing.
The embodiments shown in
A number of variations are possible in the smoking systems of
The removable insert 701 is similar to removable insert 601 shown in
In addition, the housing inside walls 703 provide guides for channeling the aerosol flow onto the capillary wick and heating coil, and between the capillary wick and heating coil and the air outlet. The housing inside walls 703 also define the aerosol forming chamber 702. In this embodiment, the housing walls 703 are shaped so that the incoming air flow onto the capillary wick and heating coil is directed in an upstream channel 705 tangential to the circular cross section of the device and the circular cross section of the aerosol forming chamber 702.
The embodiment shown in
A number of variations are possible in the smoking system of
The removable insert 801 is similar to removable insert 601 shown in
In addition, the housing inside walls 803 provide guides for channeling the air flow onto the capillary wick and heating coil. In this embodiment, the housing walls 803 are shaped so that the incoming air flow onto the capillary wick and heating coil is directed through an upstream channel 805 tangential to the circular cross section of the device and the circular cross section of the aerosol forming chamber 802.
In addition, an impactor 807 is provided at the downstream end of the capillary wick and heating coil. The impactor provides guides for channeling the air flow away from the capillary wick and heating coil and towards the air outlet. The impactor 807, in conjunction with the housing inside walls, also defines the aerosol forming chamber 802. The air flow is directed away from the capillary wick and heating coil in the radial direction in downstream channels 809, that is to say, substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the housing. The impactor 807 allows larger aerosol particles to be trapped on its upstream side. This is shown schematically in
The embodiment shown in
A number of variations are possible in the smoking system of
In addition, if channels are provided, the insert may extend across the entire cross section of the housing. Any configuration of channels may be provided. The channels may be twisted around the axis of the housing, so as to encourage a swirled airflow. Any channels in insert 801 may be formed by machining. Alternatively, the insert may be formed with channels or holes already formed, by injection molding. The insert 801 may include a locating pin or protrusion (not shown) on its outer surface for cooperating with a recess (also not shown) on the inside of the housing walls, so as to ensure that the insert is correctly positioned within the smoking system. This is important for the electrical connections to the heating coil, for example. The housing inside walls 803 may be shaped appropriately for the desired volume and shape of the aerosol forming chamber within the smoking system. This affects the spiraling aerosol flow around the capillary wick and heating coil and therefore the aerosol characteristics. The tangential channel 805 may be positioned at any height along the capillary wick and may have any suitable cross section. Any number of radial channels 809 may be provided. The impactor 807 may be formed with any appropriate shape and is preferably designed in conjunction with the shaped housing inside walls 803, in order to channel the air flow as desired.
The removable insert 901 is similar to removable inserts 601, 701 and 801 and extends only across the center of the smoking system 900, thereby directing the air flow between the air inlet and the capillary wick and heating coil to the outer circumference of the housing. In
In addition, the housing inside walls 903 provide guides for channeling the aerosol flow onto the capillary wick and heating coil and off the capillary wick and heating coil. In this embodiment, the housing walls 903 are shaped so that the incoming air flow onto the capillary wick and heating coil is directed through an upstream channel 905 tangential to the circular cross section of the housing and the circular cross section of the aerosol forming chamber 902. In addition, the housing walls 903 are shaped so that the outgoing air flow off the capillary wick and heating coil is directed through an downstream channel 907 also tangential to the circular cross section of the housing and the circular cross section of the aerosol forming chamber 902. In addition, the housing walls 903 are shaped to provide an impactor surface 909 downstream of the capillary wick and heating coil. The impactor surface 909 may allow larger aerosol particles to be trapped. This is shown schematically in
The embodiment shown in
The shaped inside walls 903 of the housing, together with the insert 901 direct the air flow so as to supply cool and non-saturated air to the capillary wick and heating coil. This decreases the particle size of the aerosol inhaled by a user. The spiraling air flow around the capillary wick and heating coil increases turbulence and reduces aerosol particle size. Larger aerosol particles may also become trapped on the inside walls of the aerosol forming chamber 902 due to centrifugal forces. This is shown schematically in
A number of variations are possible in the smoking system of
Moreover, the insert 901 is shown without channels, although longitudinal channels towards the outside of the insert 901 may be provided. In addition, if channels are provided, the insert may extend across the entire cross section of the housing. Any configuration of channels may be provided. The channels may be twisted around the axis of the housing, so as to encourage a swirled airflow. Any channels in insert 901 may be formed by machining. Alternatively, the insert may be formed with channels or holes already formed, by injection molding. The insert 901 may include a locating pin or protrusion (not shown) on its outer surface for cooperating with a recess (also not shown) on the inside of the housing walls, so as to ensure that the insert is correctly positioned within the smoking system. This is important for the electrical connections to the heating coil, for example. The housing inside walls 903 may be shaped appropriately for the desired volume and shape of the aerosol forming chamber within the smoking system. This affects the spiraling aerosol flow around the capillary wick and heating coil and therefore the aerosol characteristics. The tangential channels 905, 907 may be positioned at any height along the capillary wick and may have any suitable cross section. Any number of tangential upstream and downstream channels may be provided.
The removable insert 1001 is shown in cross section in
Because
Because
The housing walls may additionally be tapered towards the air outlet, although this is not shown in
The embodiments shown in
A number of variations are possible in the smoking system of
In addition, if channels are provided, the insert may extend across the entire cross section of the housing. Any configuration of channels may be provided. The channels may be twisted around the axis of the housing, so as to encourage a swirled airflow. The channels in insert 1007 may be formed by machining. Alternatively, the insert may be formed with channels or holes already formed, by injection molding. Preferably, the insert 1007 includes a locating pin or protrusion (not shown) on its outer surface for cooperating with a recess (also not shown) on the inside of the housing walls, so as to ensure that the insert is correctly positioned within the smoking system. This is important for the electrical connections to the heating coil, for example.
Any suitable configuration of channels may be provided in insert 1001. The channels may be evenly or non-evenly distributed circumferentially around the insert. The channels may have a constant cross sectional shape and area along their length, or the cross sectional shape can vary along the length. The channels may include some channels having different cross sectional shapes and areas from others. The channels in insert 1001 may be formed by machining. Alternatively, the insert may be formed with channels or holes already formed, by injection molding. Preferably, the insert 1001 includes a locating pin or protrusion (not shown) on its outer surface for cooperating with a recess (also not shown) on the inside of the housing walls, so as to ensure that the insert is correctly positioned within the smoking system. This is important for the electrical connections to the heating coil, for example. The channels 1005 may be shaped appropriately for the desired volume and shape of the aerosol forming chamber within the smoking system.
Preferably, the second removable insert 1103 is shaped so that the air flow is directed across the capillary wick and heating coil in a substantially perpendicular direction. That is to say, the air flow is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the housing and to the capillary wick. The second removable insert 1103 provides an upstream channel 1107 on one side of the insert and an downstream channel 1109 on the other side of the insert. When the insert is positioned around the capillary wick and heating coil, the air therefore flows directly across the capillary wick and heating coil. The insert 1103 also defines the aerosol forming chamber 1102.
In addition, the housing inside walls 1005 provide guides for channeling the air and aerosol flow between the capillary wick and heating coil and the air outlet. In this embodiment, the housing inside walls 1105 are tapered towards the air outlet so as to direct the air and aerosol flow towards the air outlet.
The embodiments shown in
A number of variations are possible in the smoking system of
Any suitable configuration of channels may be provided in insert 1103 including any suitable number of upstream channels and any suitable number of downstream channels. The channels may have a constant cross sectional shape and area along their length, or the cross sectional shape can vary along the length. The channels may include some channels having different cross sectional shapes and areas from others. The channels in insert 1103 may be formed by machining. Alternatively, the insert may be formed with channels or holes already formed, by injection molding. Preferably, the insert 1103 includes a locating pin or protrusion (not shown) on its outer surface for cooperating with a recess (also not shown) on the inside of the housing walls, so as to ensure that the insert is correctly positioned within the smoking system. The insert 1103 may be shaped appropriately for the desired volume of the aerosol forming chamber within the smoking system.
The pins shown in
A large number of embodiments have been described and it should be understood that features described in relation to one embodiment may also apply to another embodiment, where appropriate. The scope of the present invention is defined with reference to the following claims.
In this specification, the word “about” is often used in connection with numerical values to indicate that mathematical precision of such values is not intended. Accordingly, it is intended that where “about” is used with a numerical value, a tolerance of ±10% is contemplated for that numerical value.
In this specification the words “generally” and “substantially” are sometimes used with respect to terms. When used with geometric terms, the words “generally” and “substantially” are intended to encompass not only features which meet the strict definitions but also features which fairly approximate the strict definitions.
While the foregoing describes in detail a preferred smoking system and methods of making with reference to a specific embodiment thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the smoking system and equivalents method may be employed, which do not materially depart from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, all such changes, modifications, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims are intended to be encompassed thereby.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 09252490 | Oct 2009 | EP | regional |
This is a continuation of, and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, U.S. application Ser. No. 12/913,510, filed Oct. 27, 2010, which corresponds to and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to European Application No. 09252490.9, filed Oct. 27, 2009, the entire content of each of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20160198772 A1 | Jul 2016 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 12913510 | Oct 2010 | US |
| Child | 15077226 | US |
