The present disclosure generally relates to snow ski assemblies for use by individuals to slide across snow or ice in any direction.
This section provides background information related to the present disclosure which is not necessarily prior art.
Snow skis are often used by individuals to slide across snow. Typically, the snow skis are long, narrow and rectangular in shape, and allow for movement in only a generally forward direction. Sides of the snow skis are then formed with edges to help the individuals wearing the snow skis turn and stop.
This section provides a general summary of the disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of its full scope or all of its features.
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to snow ski assemblies for use by individuals to slide across snow covered surfaces, for example, under the force of gravity, etc. In one exemplary embodiment, such a snow ski assembly generally includes a ski and a mounting feature. The ski has a bottom wall for engaging a snow covered surface and an upturned peripheral region extending generally around the bottom wall to help facilitate sliding movement of the ski across a snow covered surface in any direction, without preference to a particular direction, and to help inhibit the ski from digging into the snow covered surface when sliding across the snow covered surface. And, the mounting feature is configured for coupling a binding to the ski, such that an individual can position a foot in the binding and use the ski to slide across the snow covered surface.
In another exemplary embodiment, a ski of a snow ski assembly generally includes an upturned peripheral region extending around the ski to help facilitate sliding movement of the ski across a snow covered surface in any direction, without preference to a particular direction, and to help inhibit the ski from digging into the snow covered surface when sliding across the snow covered surface. The ski also includes a mounting feature for use in positioning a single foot of an individual on the ski, so that the individual can stand on the ski and slide across a snow covered surface under the force of gravity.
Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. The description and specific examples in this summary are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.
The present disclosure generally relates to snow ski assemblies (broadly, transport devices) for use by individuals to travel on snow and/or ice (e.g., move, slide, ski, etc. across the snow and/or ice). The snow ski assemblies are configured to be worn by the individuals on their feet, with one snow ski assembly on each foot (such that two of the snow ski assemblies are used by each of the individuals). The individuals can then use the snow ski assemblies, for example, at a ski slope, etc. to travel across and/or down snow and/or ice on the ski slope under the force of gravity.
Exemplary embodiments of the snow ski assemblies include skis (broadly, bodies) for supporting movement of the individuals wearing the snow ski assemblies. As will be described, the skis, and various features thereof (alone or in combination), facilitate movement of the individuals wearing the snow ski assemblies in any direction (without preference for any one particular direction) across the snow and/or ice (e.g., under the force of gravity, etc.).
In some embodiments, the skis of the snow ski assemblies have generally rounded shapes when viewed in plan. For example, the skis may have generally circular shapes, generally elliptical shapes, etc. The generally rounded shapes of the skis may help facilitate movement of the snow ski assemblies in the multiple different directions (e.g., forward, backward, sideways, etc.). In other embodiments, the skis may have shapes other than rounded shapes, for example, generally octagonal shapes, etc. that may also help facilitate movement of the snow ski assemblies in the multiple different directions. In addition, in some aspects the shapes of the skis may be generally symmetrical, while in other aspects they may be generally asymmetrical or may simply include asymmetries as required or needed to accommodate different movement and acrobatic possibilities.
In some embodiments, the skis of the snow ski assemblies also (or alternatively) include bottom surfaces (e.g., surfaces configured to contact the snow and/or ice when the snow ski assemblies are moving, etc.) with geometries, shapes, etc. that are generally flat (or planar). In these embodiments, the bottom surfaces themselves may be substantially flat, or the bottom surfaces may include portions that are generally flat. In other embodiments, the skis of the snow ski assemblies include bottom surfaces with geometries, shapes, etc. that are generally rounded (or at least partially rounded) (e.g., that have generally rounded cross sections, etc.). In these embodiments, for example, the generally rounded bottom surfaces of the snow ski assemblies may have geometries, shapes, etc. that are generally circular, generally near circular, generally elliptical, generally parabolic, generally hyperbolic, etc. It should be appreciated that the various different available geometries, shapes, etc. of the bottom surfaces of the skis of the different embodiments of snow ski assemblies may help accommodate different movements and acrobatic stunts by individuals using the snow ski assemblies. It should also be appreciated that sizes of the bottom surfaces of the skis may vary, for example, to accommodate different movements and acrobatic possibilities by individuals using the skis and/or different sizes of individuals desiring to use the skis.
In some embodiments, the skis of the snow ski assemblies also (or alternatively) include perimeter portions or peripheral regions, extending around the skis, that are upturned (e.g., that transition (e.g., via variable curvature, etc.) from the bottom surfaces, etc.). The upturned portions/regions, for example, may help inhibit, reduce, minimize, etc. interference of the snow and/or ice with movement of the skis and may help accommodate different movement and acrobatic possibilities. In addition, in embodiments where the upturned portions/regions extend substantially around the skis, the upturned portions/regions may further help facilitate movement of the snow ski assemblies in the multiple different directions (without preference for any one particular direction). Here, the skis can be viewed as being free of edges typically used in traditional skis to control and/or stop the skis. However, in some embodiments, the upturned portions/regions may be used, to various extents, to help control and/or stop the skis. In some aspects, the upturned portions/regions of the skis may be generally flat (e.g., may have portions that are generally flat or generally linear, etc.). In other aspects, the upturned edges of the skis may have geometries, shapes, etc. that are generally rounded or curved (e.g., generally elliptical, generally hyperbolic, etc.). In addition, it should also be appreciated that sizes (e.g., lengths, etc.) of the upturned portions/regions of the skis may vary, for example, to accommodate different movements and acrobatic possibilities by individuals using the skis.
Exemplary embodiments of the snow ski assemblies also include mounting features for use in coupling bindings to the skis of the snow ski assemblies. The bindings are configured to secure boots to the skis, such that the individuals using the snow ski assemblies can wear the boots on their feet with the skis coupled thereto (via the bindings). In some aspects, the mounting features of the snow ski assemblies may be integral (or monolithic) with the skis (e.g., the mounting features may be integrally formed with upper surfaces of the skis, may be defined by portions of the skis, etc.). In other aspects, the mounting features may be separate components from the skis and configured to couple to the skis (e.g., to the upper surfaces of the skis, etc.).
Exemplary embodiments of the snow ski assemblies will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in
The mounting feature 104 of the snow ski assembly 100 includes multiple openings 112 defined in a bottom wall 114 of the ski 102. Fasteners 116 (e.g., screws, etc.) are configured to extend through openings in a lower portion of the binding 106, and into the corresponding openings 112, to couple the binding 106 to the mounting feature 104 (and to the ski 102). The position of the binding 106 on the ski 102 can be adjusted, as desired, by moving the fasteners 116 to different ones, or instances, of the openings 112 (which results in a different positioning of the binding 106 on the ski 102). In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting feature 104 includes twelve openings 112, arranged in four groups of three. And four fasteners 116 are used to couple the binding 106 to the mounting feature 104 (with one of the four fasteners 116 positioned in one of the openings 112 of each group, depending on desired positioning of the binding 106 on the ski 102). It should be appreciated that the mounting feature 104 may include a different number and/or arrangement of openings 112, and/or a different number of fasteners 116 may be used to couple the binding 106 to the mounting feature 104, for example, to accommodate different bindings, etc. In addition, in other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include mounting features with structure other than openings (e.g., clips, straps, etc.) for use in coupling bindings to skis.
In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting feature 104 is integrally defined by (e.g., monolithically formed with, etc.) the ski 102 of the snow ski assembly 100. In other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include mounting features separate from skis and attached thereto (see, for example, the snow ski assembly 200 illustrated in
With continued reference to
With additional reference now to
The bottom wall 114 of the ski 102 (e.g., a central region of the ski 102, etc.) is generally flat (or planar) across a width (e.g., along a diameter dimension, etc.) of the ski 102, and is generally radially symmetric. And, the upturned peripheral region 120 of the ski 102 is generally flat (or generally linear) along a length of the peripheral region 120 from the flat bottom wall 114 to a perimeter edge of the ski 102. In the illustrated embodiment, the upturned peripheral region 120 forms an angle 122 with the flat bottom wall 114 of about thirty degrees (generally consistently around the perimeter of the ski 102). However, the angle 122 may be greater than or less than about thirty degrees, as desired (e.g., depending on desired movement of the ski 102 across snow and/or ice, etc.) (e.g., the angle 122 may include an angle greater than zero degrees, etc.). In addition, in other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include skis with bottom walls and/or peripheral regions having geometries, shapes, etc. that are other than generally flat and/or that are asymmetric and/or that include asymmetries (e.g., to help accommodate different movements and/or acrobatic possibilities using the snow ski assemblies, etc.). For example, in such embodiments, the bottom walls and/or the peripheral regions of the skis may include geometries, shapes, etc. that are generally rounded (e.g., generally circular shapes, generally near circular shapes, generally elliptical shapes, generally parabolic shapes, generally hyperbolic shapes, etc.), etc.
In use of the snow ski assembly 100 (i.e., when the snow ski assembly 100 is worn by the individual on one of the individual's feet), the bottom wall 114 (e.g., a bottom surface of the bottom wall 114, etc.) engages the snow and/or ice during movement of the snow ski assembly 100. And, the upturned peripheral region 120 allows the ski 102 to move over the snow and/or ice without interference from the snow and/or ice (e.g., as compared to traditional rectangular-shaped skis that have edges on their long sides that are configured to dig into the snow and/or ice, etc.). Further, the shape of the ski 102 (as described above) and the positioning of the upturned peripheral region 120 around the entire peripheral portion of the bottom wall 114 allows movement of the ski 102 in any direction without such interference from the snow and/or ice (e.g., without the snow and/or ice engaging a side cut or other formed edge of the ski 102 as in traditional snow skis, without the ski 102 digging or biting into the snow and/or ice as in traditional snow skis, etc.). However, it should be appreciated that this does not infer that a user of the snow ski assembly 100 could not, by means of manipulation of his or her body, rotate (e.g., tip, tilt, etc.) the ski assembly 100 such that the upturned peripheral region 120 could be used for control if desired.
As described above, the snow ski assembly 100 is configured to be used in combination with a second snow ski assembly by an individual, such that one snow ski assembly is worn on each foot by the individual. The two snow ski assemblies used by the individual may be the same, for example, both may be the snow ski assembly 100 illustrated in
As shown in
The mounting feature 204 of the snow ski assembly 200 includes multiple openings 212 defined in an upper surface of the spacer 230. Fasteners 216 are configured to extend through openings in a lower portion of the binding 206, and into the corresponding openings 212, to couple the binding 206 to the mounting feature 204 (and to the spacer 230 and ski 202). The position of the binding 206 on the ski 202 (and on the spacer 230) can be adjusted, as desired, by moving the fasteners 216 to different ones, or instances, of the openings 212 (which results in a different positioning of the binding 206 on the ski 202). In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting feature 204 includes twelve openings 212, arranged in four groups of three. And four fasteners 216 are used to couple the binding 206 to the mounting feature 204 (with one of the four fasteners 216 positioned in one of the openings 212 of each group, depending on desired positioning of the binding 206 on the ski 202). It should be appreciated that the mounting feature 204 may include a different number and/or arrangement of openings 212, and/or a different number of fasteners 216 may be used to couple the binding 206 to the mounting feature 204, for example, to accommodate different bindings, etc. In addition, in other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include mounting features with structure other than openings (e.g., clips, straps, etc.) for use in coupling bindings to skis.
In this embodiment, the mounting feature 204 of the snow ski assembly 200 is separate from the ski 202. The mounting feature 204 is integrally defined by (e.g., monolithically formed with, etc.) the spacer 230 of the snow ski assembly 200 and then coupled, via the spacer 230, to the ski 202. In other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include mounting features separate from spacers and coupled thereto. In addition, in other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include spacers (and, in some embodiments, mounting features) integrally defined by (e.g., monolithically formed with, etc.) skis.
With continued reference to
With additional reference now to
The bottom wall 214 of the ski 202 (e.g., a central region of the ski 202, etc.) is generally rounded from the peripheral region 220 on one side of the ski 202 to the peripheral region 220 on the other side of the ski (e.g., defines a generally rounded cross section as shown in
In use of the snow ski assembly 200 (i.e., when the snow ski assembly 200 is worn by the individual on one of the individual's feet), the bottom wall 214 (e.g., a bottom surface of the bottom wall 214, etc.) engages the snow and/or ice during movement of the snow ski assembly 200. And, the upturned peripheral region 220 allows the ski 202 to move without interference from the snow and/or ice (e.g., without digging or biting into the snow and/or ice, etc.). Further, the shape of the ski 202 (as described above) and the positioning of the upturned peripheral region 220 around the entire periphery of the bottom wall 214 allows movement of the ski 202 in any direction, again without such interference from the snow and/or ice (e.g., without the ski 202 digging or biting into the snow and/or ice). However, it should again be appreciated that this does not infer that a user of the snow ski assembly 200 could not, by means of manipulation of his or her body, rotate (e.g., tip, tilt, etc.) the ski assembly 200 such that the upturned peripheral region 220 could be used for control if desired.
As shown in
The mounting feature 304 of the snow ski assembly 300 includes multiple openings 312 defined in an upper surface of the spacer 330. Fasteners 316 are configured to extend through openings in a lower portion of the binding 306, and into the corresponding openings 312, to couple the binding 306 to the mounting feature 304 (and to the spacer 330 and ski 302). The position of the binding 306 on the ski 302 (and on the spacer 330) can be adjusted, as desired, by moving the fasteners 316 to different ones, or instances, of the openings 312 (which results in a different positioning of the binding 306 on the ski 302). In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting feature 304 includes twelve openings 312, arranged in four groups of three. And four fasteners 316 are used to couple the binding 306 to the mounting feature 304 (with one of the four fasteners 316 positioned in one of the openings 312 of each group, depending on desired positioning of the binding 306 on the ski 302). It should be appreciated that the mounting feature 304 may include a different number and/or arrangement of openings 312, and/or a different number of fasteners 316 may be used to couple the binding 306 to the mounting feature 304, for example, to accommodate different bindings, etc. In addition, in other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include mounting features with structure other than openings (e.g., clips, straps, etc.) for use in coupling bindings to skis.
In this embodiment, the mounting feature 304 of the snow ski assembly 300 is again separate from the ski 302. The mounting feature 304 is integrally defined by (e.g., monolithically formed with, etc.) the spacer 330 of the snow ski assembly 300 and then coupled, via the spacer 330, to the ski 302. In other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include mounting features separate from spacers and coupled thereto. In addition, in other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include spacers (and, in some embodiments, mounting features) integrally defined by (e.g., monolithically formed with, etc.) skis.
With continued reference to
With additional reference now to
The bottom wall 314 of the ski 302 (e.g., a central region of the ski 302, etc.) is also generally rounded from the peripheral region 320 on one side of the ski 302 to the peripheral region 320 on the other side of the ski 302 (as viewed in
In use of the snow ski assembly 300 (i.e., when the snow ski assembly 300 is worn by the individual on one of the individual's feet), the bottom wall 314 (e.g., a bottom surface of the bottom wall 314, etc.) again engages the snow and/or ice during movement of the snow ski assembly 300. And, the upturned peripheral region 320 allows the ski 302 to move without interference from the snow and/or ice (e.g., without digging or biting into the snow and/or ice, etc.). Further, the shape of the ski 302 (as described above) and the positioning of the upturned peripheral region 320 around the entire periphery of the bottom wall 314 allows movement of the ski 302 in any direction, again without such interference from the snow and/or ice (e.g., without the peripheral region 320 of the ski 302 digging or biting into the snow and/or ice). However, it should again be appreciated that this does not infer that a user of the snow ski assembly 300 could not, by means of manipulation of his or her body, rotate (e.g., tip, tilt, etc.) the ski assembly 300 such that the upturned peripheral region 320 could be used for control if desired.
As shown in
The mounting feature 404 of the snow ski assembly 400 includes multiple openings 412 defined in an upper surface of the spacer 430. Fasteners 416 are configured to extend through openings in a lower portion of the binding 406, and into the corresponding openings 412, to couple the binding 406 to the mounting feature 404 (and to the spacer 430 and ski). The position of the binding 406 on the ski 402 (and on the spacer 430) can be adjusted, as desired, by moving the fasteners 416 to different ones, or instances, of the openings 412 (which results in a different positioning of the binding 406 on the ski 402). In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting feature 404 includes twelve openings 412, arranged in four groups of three. And four fasteners 416 are used to couple the binding 406 to the mounting feature 404 (with one of the four fasteners 416 positioned in one of the openings 412 of each group, depending on desired positioning of the binding 406 on the ski 402). It should be appreciated that the mounting feature 404 may include a different number and/or arrangement of openings 412, and/or a different number of fasteners 416 may be used to couple the binding 406 to the mounting feature 404, for example, to accommodate different bindings, etc. In addition, in other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include mounting features with structure other than openings (e.g., clips, straps, etc.) for use in coupling bindings to skis.
In this embodiment, the mounting feature 404 of the snow ski assembly 400 is again separate from the ski 402. The mounting feature 404 is integrally defined by (e.g., monolithically formed with, etc.) the spacer 430 of the snow ski assembly 400 and then coupled, via the spacer 430, to the ski 402. And again, in other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include mounting features separate from spacers and coupled thereto. In addition, in other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include spacers (and, in some embodiments, mounting features) integrally defined by (e.g., monolithically formed with, etc.) skis.
With continued reference to
With additional reference now to
The bottom wall 414 of the ski 402 (e.g., a central region of the ski 402, etc.) is also generally rounded from one peripheral region 420 of the ski 402 to another peripheral region 420 of the ski (e.g., as viewed in
In use of the snow ski assembly 400 (i.e., when the snow ski assembly 400 is worn by the individual on one of the individual's feet), the bottom wall 414 (e.g., a bottom surface of the bottom wall 414, etc.) again engages the snow and/or ice during movement of the snow ski assembly 400. And, the upturned peripheral region 420 allows the ski 402 to move without interference from the snow and/or ice (e.g., without digging or biting into the snow and/or ice, etc.). Further, the shape of the ski 402 (as described above) and the positioning of the upturned peripheral region 420 around the entire periphery of the bottom wall 414 allows movement of the ski 402 in any direction, again without such interference from the snow and/or ice (e.g., without the peripheral region 420 of the ski 402 digging or biting into the snow and/or ice, etc.). However, it should again be appreciated that this does not infer that a user of the snow ski assembly 400 could not, by means of manipulation of his or her body, rotate (e.g., tip, tilt, etc.) the ski assembly 400 such that the upturned peripheral region 420 could be used for control if desired.
As shown in
The mounting feature 504 of the snow ski assembly 500 includes multiple openings 512 defined in a bottom wall 514 of the ski 502. Fasteners 516 (e.g., screws, etc.) are configured to extend through openings in a lower portion of the binding 506, and into the corresponding openings 512, to couple the binding 506 to the mounting feature 504 (and to the ski 502). The position of the binding 506 on the ski 502 can be adjusted, as desired, by moving the fasteners 516 to different ones, or instances, of the openings 512 (which results in a different positioning of the binding 506 on the ski 502). In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting feature 504 includes twelve openings 512, arranged in four groups of three. And four fasteners 516 are used to couple the binding 506 to the mounting feature 504 (with one of the four fasteners 516 positioned in one of the openings 512 of each group, depending on desired positioning of the binding 506 on the ski 502). It should be appreciated that the mounting feature 504 may include a different number and/or arrangement of openings 512, and/or a different number of fasteners 516 may be used to couple the binding 506 to the mounting feature 504, for example, to accommodate different bindings, etc. In addition, in other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include mounting features with structure other than openings (e.g., clips, straps, etc.) for use in coupling bindings to skis.
In this embodiment, the mounting feature 504 is again integrally defined by (e.g., monolithically formed with, etc.) the ski 502 of the snow ski assembly 500. However, as previously stated, in other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include mounting features separate from skis and attached thereto.
With continued reference to
With additional reference now to
The bottom wall 514 of the ski 502 (e.g., a central region of the ski 502, etc.) is generally flat (or planar), and is generally radially symmetric. And, the upturned peripheral region 520 of the ski 502 is generally flat (or linear) along a length of the peripheral region 520 from the flat bottom wall 514 to a perimeter edge of the ski 502. In the illustrated embodiment, the upturned peripheral region 520 forms an angle 522 with the flat bottom wall 514 of about twenty-five degrees (generally consistently around the perimeter of the ski 502). However, the angle 522 may be greater than or less than about twenty-five degrees, as desired (e.g., depending on desired movement of the ski 502 across snow and/or ice, etc.). In addition, in other exemplary embodiments, snow ski assemblies may include skis with bottom walls and/or peripheral regions having geometries, shapes, etc. that are other than generally flat and/or that are asymmetric and/or that include asymmetries (e.g., to help accommodate different movements and/or acrobatic possibilities using the snow ski assemblies, etc.). For example, in such embodiments, the bottom walls and/or the peripheral regions of the skis may include geometries, shapes, etc. that are generally rounded, etc.
In use of the snow ski assembly 500 (i.e., when the snow ski assembly 500 is worn by the individual on one of the individual's feet), the bottom wall 514 (e.g., a bottom surface of the bottom wall 514, etc.) engages the snow and/or ice during movement of the snow ski assembly 500. And, the upturned peripheral region 520 allows the ski 502 to move without interference from the snow and/or ice (e.g., without digging or biting into the snow and/or ice, etc.). Further, the shape of the ski 502 (as described above) and the positioning of the upturned peripheral region 520 around the entire peripheral portion of the bottom wall 514 allows movement of the ski 502 in any direction, again without such interference from the snow and/or ice (e.g., without the peripheral region 520 of the ski 502 digging or biting into the snow and/or ice, etc.). However, it should again be appreciated that this does not infer that a user of the snow ski assembly 500 could not, by means of manipulation of his or her body, rotate (e.g., tip, tilt, etc.) the ski assembly 500 such that the upturned peripheral region 520 could be used for control if desired.
In addition, in other exemplary embodiments where snow ski assemblies have skis with elliptical shapes (such as snow ski assembly 500), the skis may have bottom walls and/or peripheral regions having geometries, shapes, etc. that are other than generally flat and/or that are asymmetric and/or that include asymmetries (e.g., to help accommodate different movements and/or acrobatic possibilities using the snow ski assemblies, etc.). For example, in such embodiments, the bottom walls and/or the peripheral regions of the skis may include geometries, shapes, etc. that are generally rounded (e.g., generally circular shapes, generally near circular shapes, generally elliptical shapes, generally parabolic shapes, generally hyperbolic shapes, etc.), etc.
It should also be appreciated that snow ski assemblies having skis with elliptical shapes, such as snow ski assembly 500, in some embodiments, may also have configurations that include spacers (in similar fashion to the snow ski assemblies 200, 300, 400). The spacers may be separate from the skis, or integrally defined/formed with the skis.
In various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the generally symmetric designs of the skis may allow for professional and amateur individuals to use the snow ski assemblies, as they will provide new opportunities for body movement and acrobatics that have not heretofore been possible with conventional snow skis and snowboards. In addition, it can be appreciated that individuals of all ages, sizes and skill levels can us the snow ski assemblies, and that such use may help teach balance and coordination while also making possible different body movements and acrobatics.
In various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the snow ski assemblies are self-contained units that are generally easy to transport or convey to desired locations. In addition, the binding mounting features included with various exemplary embodiments of the snow ski assemblies can be of either universal type or, in some embodiments, proprietary type, enabling easy use of the snow ski assemblies with either generally available boots or with pre-existing equipment, as desired.
It should be appreciated that various components of snow ski assemblies of the present disclosure can be made from any desired suitable materials. For example, skis of the snow ski assemblies may be constructed from (without limitation) natural or man-made materials including, for example, metals, plastics, natural organic substances (e.g. wood, etc.), combinations thereof, etc.
Exemplary embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those who are skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as examples of specific components, devices, and methods, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details need not be employed, that exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many different forms, and that neither should be construed to limit the scope of the disclosure. In some exemplary embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail. In addition, advantages and improvements that may be achieved with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are provided for purpose of illustration only and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure, as exemplary embodiments disclosed herein may provide all or none of the above mentioned advantages and improvements and still fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
Specific dimensions, specific materials, and/or specific shapes disclosed herein are example in nature and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure. The disclosure herein of particular values and particular ranges of values for given parameters are not exclusive of other values and ranges of values that may be useful in one or more of the examples disclosed herein. Moreover, it is envisioned that any two particular values for a specific parameter stated herein may define the endpoints of a range of values that may be suitable for the given parameter (i.e., the disclosure of a first value and a second value for a given parameter can be interpreted as disclosing that any value between the first and second values could also be employed for the given parameter). For example, if Parameter X is exemplified herein to have value A and also exemplified to have value Z, it is envisioned that parameter X may have a range of values from about A to about Z. Similarly, it is envisioned that disclosure of two or more ranges of values for a parameter (whether such ranges are nested, overlapping or distinct) subsume all possible combination of ranges for the value that might be claimed using endpoints of the disclosed ranges. For example, if parameter X is exemplified herein to have values in the range of 1-10, or 2-9, or 3-8, it is also envisioned that Parameter X may have other ranges of values including 1-9, 1-8, 1-3, 1-2, 2-10, 2-8, 2-3, 3-10, and 3-9, and so forth.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “including,” and “having,” are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.
When an element or layer is referred to as being “on,” “engaged to,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly on, engaged, connected or coupled to the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly engaged to,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no intervening elements or layers present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like fashion (e.g., “between” versus “directly between,” “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent,” etc.). As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The term “about” when applied to values indicates that the calculation or the measurement allows some slight imprecision in the value (with some approach to exactness in the value; approximately or reasonably close to the value; nearly). If, for some reason, the imprecision provided by “about” is not otherwise understood in the art with this ordinary meaning, then “about” as used herein indicates at least variations that may arise from ordinary methods of measuring or using such parameters. For example, the terms “generally,” “about,” and “substantially,” may be used herein to mean within manufacturing tolerances.
Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.
Spatially relative terms, such as “inner,” “outer,” “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements, intended or stated uses, or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same may also be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/579,170, filed on Dec. 22, 2014. The entire disclosure of the above application is incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 14579170 | Dec 2014 | US |
Child | 15891104 | US |