Patent Application
20080002335
The present invention relates to a solid electrolytic capacitor with conductive polymer as solid electrolyte used in various electronic devices, a manufacturing method of the capacitor, and a digital signal processing circuit board including the capacitor.
Electronic devices are moving to higher frequencies. In line with this, capacitors, which are often used in power supply circuits and digital signal processing circuits as an electronic component, have been required to have excellent impedance characteristics at higher frequencies than before. In order to meet this demand, various solid electrolytic capacitors with solid electrolyte made of highly electric conductive polymer have been suggested.
Anode portion 23 is mounted on the connecting face of anode terminal 27 and cathode portion 24 is mounted on the connecting face of cathode terminal 28, respectively. The connecting face of cathode terminal 28 is partly bent up to form guide portions 28A. A node portion 23 is resistance-welded to connecting portion 27A, which is formed by bending the connecting face of anode terminal 27. Cathode portion 24 is connected to the connecting face of cathode terminal 28 with unillustrated conductive silver paste.
Insulating coating resin 29 covers capacitor element 20 so as to expose part of anode terminal 27 and part of cathode terminal 28 which are connected to capacitor element 20 in this manner. Anode terminal 27 and cathode terminal 28 exposed from coating resin 29 are extended along the side surfaces and bent to the bottom surface of coating resin 29 so as to form external terminals. In this manner, a surface-mount-type solid electrolytic capacitor is structured. One such solid electrolytic capacitor is disclosed in Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 2000-340463.
In the aforementioned conventional solid electrolytic capacitor, however, anode terminal 27 and cathode terminal 28 are so complicated in shape that it increases the cost of the capacitor. In addition, anode terminal 27 and cathode terminal 28 have a long distance between their connecting faces to which capacitor element 20 is connected and their mounting sides so as to increase ESL (equivalent series inductance) of the solid electrolytic capacitor.
In recent years, there is a high demand for reduction in size and increase in capacity of electrolytic capacitors used around the CPU in personal computers or in driving power supply circuits, switching power supply circuits, and the like. Furthermore, as the electrolytic capacitors are moving to higher frequencies, lower ESL is demanded to achieve excellent noise reduction and transient response as well as lower ESR (equivalent series resistance). The aforementioned conventional solid electrolytic capacitor, however, does not satisfy these requirements.
In order to satisfy the requirements, there have been suggested a solid electrolytic capacitor that has a shorter distance from the capacitor element to the mounting side. An example of such a solid electrolytic capacitor is shown in
In capacitor element 41, anode lead 42 is connected to anode lead frame 43 and the cathode side thereof is connected to cathode lead frame 44. These connected areas and the whole of capacitor element 41 are coated with resin 45. The solid electrolytic capacitor is surf ace-mounted on circuit board 46. Anode lead frame 43 and cathode lead frame 44 that also function as external terminals are designed to have distance 47 of not more than 3 mm. Setting distance 47 between both electrodes to not more than 3 mm can reduce ESR and ESL of the solid electrolytic capacitor.
This solid electrolytic capacitor, however, has air tightness level not satisfying commercial requirements.
The solid electrolytic capacitor of the present invention includes a planar solid electrolytic capacitor element, an anode terminal, a cathode terminal, and electrically insulating coating resin. The solid electrolytic capacitor element has an anode portion and a cathode portion. The anode terminal is electrically connected at a first surface thereof to the anode portion. The cathode terminal is electrically connected at a third surface thereof to the cathode portion. The third surface is on the same side as the first surface of the anode portion. The coating resin integrally coats the solid electrolytic capacitor element in such a manner that a second surface opposite to the first surface and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface are exposed. The anode terminal and the cathode terminal are disposed as close to each other as not more than 3 mm. The anode terminal has stair steps at both ends thereof in the direction crossing the direction from the anode terminal to the cathode terminal. The stair steps are toward the anode portion. In this manner, the anode terminal is connected to the anode portion at the flat anode joint faces formed on the first surface side. On the other hand, the cathode terminal has stair steps at both ends thereof in the direction from the cathode terminal to the anode terminal. The stair steps are toward the cathode portion. In this manner, the cathode terminal is connected to the cathode portion at the flat cathode joint faces formed on the third surface side. The anode joint faces and the cathode joint faces are coated with the coating resin. The solid electrolytic capacitor can be provided with the anode joint faces and/or the cathode joint faces. In the aforementioned structure, the exposed distance from the capacitor element to the anode and cathode terminals is made as short as possible, and the anode and cathode terminals are disposed as close to each other as possible. This structure allows the solid electrolytic capacitor to have excellent ESR and ESL characteristics. Furthermore, the anode and cathode terminals are each provided with steps in the area to be connected to the capacitor element. This can greatly reduce the probability of water to reach the capacitor element through the coating resin. As a result of the reduction in the adverse effect of the water, the solid electrolytic capacitor can have improved reliability. Such a capacitor is suitable for a circuit in which a relatively large current flows on the primary and secondary sides of the power supply, thereby achieving an increase in capacity and a reduction in both ESR and ESL.
Planar shaped solid electrolytic capacitor element (hereinafter, capacitor element) 1 includes anode portion 4 and cathode portion 5 formed on anode body 2. Anode body 2 is made of aluminum foil, which is a valve metal. Anode body 2 is divided into anode portion 4 and cathode portion 5 by first forming a dielectric oxide film layer (unillustrated) on its surface and then being provided with electrically-insulating resist portion 3. Cathode portion 5 is provided on its surface with solid electrolyte layer 6 and cathode layer 7 laminated in this order. Cathode layer 7 is made of carbon and silver paste.
Capacitor element 1 is mounted on anode lead frame 8. As an example, five laminated capacitor elements 1 are mounted in
On the other hand, capacitor elements 1 are also mounted on cathode lead frame 9. Cathode portion 5 is mounted on cathode lead frame 9 with an unillustrated conductive adhesive. Cathode portion 5 is integrally connected to cathode lead frame 9 by being positioned and fixed by guide portions 9A on both sides and guide portion 9B at the end of cathode lead frame 9. Capacitor elements 1 which are laminated to each other and integrated by anode lead frame 8 and cathode lead frame 9 are hereinafter referred to as a capacitor element unit.
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
Cathode terminal 11 includes bottom surface portion 11J whose bottom surface is to be a mounting face. In other words,bottom surface portion 11J is formed between joint faces 11A. The bottom surface of bottom surface portion 11J is a fourth surface of cathode terminal 11. This allows cathode terminal 11 to be as close to anode terminal 10 as possible. As shown in
As shown in
As described above, protrusions 10D, 11D, and 11E are preferably bent upward along coating resin 12. This structure ensures the mounting of the solid electrolytic capacitor on a printed-circuit board because the capacitor is soldered to the printed-circuit board with solder fillets.
Insulating coating resin 12 coats the capacitor element unit so as to expose the bottom surface of bottom surface portion 10J and the bottom surface of bottom surface portion 11J. The bottom surface (the third surface) of bottom surface portion 10J is to be the mounting face of anode terminal 10, and the bottom surface (the fourth surface) of bottom surface portion 11J is to be the mounting face of cathode terminal 11. Coating resin 12 is made of epoxy resin or the like. As shown in the sectional view of
Conductive paste 13 is filled in a void area between cathode terminal 11 and cathode lead frame 9 which is connected to joint faces 11A of cathode terminal 11. Conductive paste 13 improves the reliability of the connection between cathode terminal 11 and cathode lead frame 9 and decreases connection resistance. Conductive paste 13 contains metal powder such as silver and copper. Note that conductive paste 13 can be replaced by conductive adhesive.
A plurality of anode terminals 10 and a plurality of cathode terminals 11 are structured in this manner and arranged at predetermined intervals on a hoop base material made of a copper alloy. Then, a capacitor element unit is mounted and connected to each pair of anode terminal 10 and cathode terminal 11, integrally coated with coating resin 12, and separated from the base material to be individual components.
Coating resin 12 coats step portions 10E, joint faces 10A, and shield portion 10B which are formed on anode terminal 10, and step portions 11F, joint faces 11A, and shield portion 11B which are formed on cathode terminal 11 so as not to expose them outside. Shaping each flat portion and the corresponding step portion like a stair step in this manner can clarify the boundaries between coating resin 12 and the bottom surface portion, which is to be the mounting face of each terminal. This structure can prevent coating resin 12 from reaching the bottom surface portion, which is to be the mounting face of each terminal.
In the solid electrolytic capacitor of the present embodiment structured in this manner, anode and cathode terminals 10 and 11, which are substantially planar shaped, allow anode portion 4 and cathode portion 5 of each capacitor element 1 to be electrically connected to the outside of the capacitor. This structure can reduce the exposed distance from capacitor element 1 to each terminal. Furthermore, bottom surface portion 11J of cathode terminal 11 and bottom surface portion 10J of anode terminal 10 are disposed close to each other so that the path between anode terminal 10 and cathode terminal 11 can have the smallest possible length. As a result, the solid electrolytic capacitor can have excellent ESR characteristics and reduced ESL. In particular, the ESL characteristics of the solid electrolytic capacitor of the present embodiment are as low as 600 pH, which is about ⅓ of the conventional level of 1500 pH.
The capacitor element unit including capacitor elements 1 is connected to anode terminal 10 and cathode terminal 11 which have mounting faces. Anode terminal 10 includes step portions 10E extending upward from bottom surface portion 10J. Anode terminal 10 further includes flat joint faces 10A connected to anode lead frame 8 via step portions 10E. Each of joint faces 10A and the corresponding one of step portions 10E are in the form of a stair step. On the other hand, cathode terminal 11 includes step portions 11F extending upward from bottom surface portion 11J. Cathode terminal 11 further includes flat joint faces 11A connected to cathode lead frame 9 via step portions 11F. Each of joint faces 11A and the corresponding one of step portions 11F are in the form of a stair step. The provision of these steps at the joint portions between the capacitor element unit and terminals 10 and 11 can increase the contact area between coating resin 12 and terminals 10 and 11. This structure improves adhesion between coating resin 12 and terminals 10 and 11, thereby increasing the air tightness level. The structure also increases the distance from the outside to the capacitor element unit, thereby lengthening the route of entry of water or the like from outside. This can greatly reduce the probability of water to reach and damage capacitor elements 1 through coating resin 12. As a result, the reliability of the solid electrolytic capacitor can be improved. In the aforementioned description, the step structure is provided to both of anode terminal 10 and cathode terminal 11, but may be provided to only one of them.
Anode terminal 10 further includes shield portion 10B, which extends upward and toward cathode terminal 11 from an end of bottom surface portion 10J and is coated with coating resin 12. On the other hand, cathode terminal 11 further includes shield portion 11B, which extends upward and toward anode terminal 10 from an end of bottom surface portion 11J and is coated with coating resin 12. The provision of these shield portions can further increase the contact area between coating resin 12 and terminals 10 and 11. As a result, the adverse effect of the water entering through coating resin 12 can be further reduced, thereby improving the reliability of the solid electrolytic capacitor. In the aforementioned description, each of anode terminal 10 and cathode terminal 11 is provided with a shield portion, but alternatively only one of the terminals may be provided.
Anode terminal 10 includes joint faces 10A to which anode lead frame 8 is laser-welded. On the other hand, cathode terminal 11 includes joint faces 11A to which cathode lead frame 9 is laser-welded. Then, joint faces 10A and 11A are coated with coating resin 12. This structure allows coating resin 12 to coat welding marks, thereby improving the appearance. The structure also eliminates the potential of the welding marks to cause floats during mounting so as to result in mounting failure. As a result, mounting reliability can be greatly improved.
The following is a specific description of changes in ESL values when the distance between shield portions 10B and 11B (the distance between terminals 10 and 11) is changed. In samples 1, 2, and 3, the distance between shield portions 10B and 11B is set to 3 mm, 2 mm, and 1 mm, respectively, to form solid electrolytic capacitors with a rating of 6.3V, 47 pF. As a comparative sample, the conventional solid electrolytic capacitor shown in
As apparent from Table 1, setting the distance between shield portions 10B and 11B to not more than 3 mm can achieve lower ESL. Anode terminal 10 and negative terminal 11 are electrically-isolated and disposed at a distance of not more than 3 mm therebetween. Shorter the distance becomes, smaller the ESL can be. More specifically, the distance between shield portions 10B and 11B is preferably not more than 2 mm, and more preferably not more than 1 mm. However, when the distance is less than 0.1 mm, shield portions 10B and 11B should be carefully disposed not to cause a short circuit.
Anode body 2 composing capacitor element 1 is made of aluminum foil in the present embodiment; however, aluminum foil is not the only material that can be used for anode body 2 in the present invention.
Alternatively, it is possible to use foil or a sintered body of tantalum or niobium, or a combination of these.
In the present embodiment, capacitor elements 1 are once connected to lead frames 8 and 9 and then connected to terminals 10 and 11 via lead frames 8 and 9. Alternatively, capacitor elements 1 may be connected directly to joint faces 10A of anode terminal 10 and joint faces 11A of cathode terminal 11. This structure eliminates the need for lead frames 8 and 9, thereby reducing the number of parts. However, this structure may degrade part accuracy, so that it is preferable from a manufacturing point of view to connect capacitor elements 1 first to lead frames 8 and 9.
The following is a description of a solid electrolytic capacitor having another structure of the present embodiment with reference to
In
Joint faces 14A includes joint portions 14B of the same size as joint portions 10C shown in
Cathode terminal 15 includes shield portion 15B and flat joint face 15A which is connected to cathode lead frame 9. Cathode terminal 15 further includes thin wall portions 15K at both ends thereof in the direction crossing the direction toward anode terminal 14. Each of thin wall portions 15K forms a step between bottom surface portion 15J which is to be the mounting face, and itself. Shield portion 15B extends upward and toward anode terminal 14. These portions are formed integrally from a single base material by punching out and bending the material. Cathode lead frame 9 is mounted on joint face 15A and laser-welded to cathode terminal 15 at thin wall portions 15K. In other words, the parts of joint face 15A that are provided with thin wall portions 15K are flat cathode joint faces to be connected to cathode portion 5. The aforementioned parts are formed on the bottom surface (fourth surface) of cathode terminal 15 by forming a stair step toward cathode portion 5 at both ends of cathode terminal 15 in the direction crossing the direction from cathode terminal 15 to anode terminal 14.
Second protrusion (hereinafter, protrusion) 15D and third protrusions (hereinafter, protrusions) 15E are formed by extending ends of bottom surface portion 15J of cathode terminal 15 so as to protrude from coating resin 12 and bent upward along side surfaces of coating resin 12.
The solid electrolytic capacitor prepared using anode terminal 14 and cathode terminal 15 has the same effects as the solid electrolytic capacitor shown in
The following is a description of a digital signal processing circuit board using either one of the solid electrolytic capacitors of the present embodiment.
Power supply lines (hereinafter, lines) 18A and 18B connect power supply 16 and LSI 17, which is connected to a clock driving element. In other words, line 18 provides LSI 17 with electric power. Line 18A is an input-side power supply line of DC/DC converter 19 and line 18B is an output-side power supply line thereof. Decoupling capacitor (hereinafter, capacitor) 33 formed of a solid electrolytic capacitor is connected between line 18B and the ground. DC/DC converter 19 to which the clock driving element is connected is disposed between lines 18A and 18B. Smoothing capacitors (hereinafter, capacitors) 31 and 32 are connected between the ground and line 18A on the input side of DC/DC converter 19 and between the ground and line 18B on the output side of DC/DC converter 19, respectively. Noise-removing capacitors 34 formed of ceramic capacitors are connected between the ground and LSI 17, respectively. Choke coil 35 is connected to DC/DC converter 19 in series.
The aforementioned surface-mount-type solid electrolytic capacitors are used as capacitors 31, 32, and 33. These capacitors have ESR of 18 mO at 100 kHz, and ESL of 500 pH at 500 MHz. Using the low-ESR and low-ESL solid electrolytic capacitors as capacitors 31, 32, and 33 can ensure the supply voltage necessary for driving LSI 17.
In this circuit structure, the clock required for synchronizing LSI 17 causes high-frequency radiation noise. In addition, a switching element included in DC/DC converter 19 causes switching noise. These noises are transmitted through lines 18, but greatly reduced because of being drawn into the ground via capacitors 31, 32, and 33.
As described hereinbefore, in the digital signal processing circuit board of the present embodiment, the low-ESR and low-ESL solid electrolytic capacitors are used as the decoupling capacitor and the smoothing capacitor. As a result, the digital noise can be greatly reduced, or the number of the noise-removing capacitors can be greatly reduced while maintaining the necessary characteristics. This contributes to a reduction in size and cost of the digital signal processing circuit board.
In the aforementioned description, the solid electrolytic capacitors of the present embodiment are used for all of capacitors 31, 32, and 33 shown in
In the solid electrolytic capacitor according to the present invention, the drawing distance between the capacitor element and the terminals is made as short as possible, and the bottom surface of the cathode terminal is disposed as close to the bottom surface of the anode terminal as possible. This structure can provide excellent ESR and ESL characteristics. Furthermore, the provision of the steps in the area where the capacitor element unit is to be connected to each of the anode and cathode terminals can greatly reduce the probability of water to reach the capacitor element through the coating resin. As a result of the reduction in the adverse effect of the water, the solid electrolytic capacitor can have improved reliability. This solid electrolytic capacitor is suitable to a decoupling capacitor or a smoothing capacitor used in a digital signal processing circuit board. The digital signal processing circuit board with such a structure has a greatly reduced level of digital noise, leading to a drastic reduction in the number of the noise-removing capacitors. As a result, the whole circuit board can be reduced in size and in cost. Such a capacitor and a circuit board can be usefully used around the CPU in personal computers or in driving power supply circuits, switching power supply circuits, and the like.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2004-301152 | Oct 2004 | JP | national |
| 2005-048355 | Feb 2005 | JP | national |
| 2005-158704 | May 2005 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP05/18671 | 10/11/2005 | WO | 3/8/2007 |
