Patent Application
20190162403
The present invention relates to a novel burner for the combustion of solid fuels, in particular, but not exclusively wood chips and pellets that may have 14961-2 melting temperature of the ash also lower than required by the class A2 according to the EN is provided. These are, for example, pellets of agricultural wastes, peat, and others which have a melting temperature of the ash below 1 100° C.
From the prior art, a pellet burner is known, which is provided for the combustion of solid fuels, particularly pellets. (WO 02/079693 A1). The burner has arranged mutually parallel at mutual distances hollow grate bars. is primary air through the hollow grate bars in the under these ash space and contained passed between the hollow grate bars and over the arranged in front of the hollow grate bars perforated front plate in the combustion chamber.
The combustion of fuels with a low melting temperature of the ash in this and other similar burners leads to a fusion of the ash and formation of slag that the supply of primary air through the grate bars and/or bored-through plates (e.g. IWABO VILLA—S1; ECOVARM—E) clogged. The cleaning with such burners can be made only with compressed air from a compressor. This leads to two problems: Cyclical operation of the burner, and bullet-like noise at each burner cleaning are known cases where the bored-through plates of the high temperature overheat and deform.
One attempt to solve this problem with fuels with low melting temperature of the ash can be found at the burners with sliding grate (eg IWABO VILLA—S2; ECOVARM—E+), and in burners with a tilting grate (eg HEART Pelletstar).
Disadvantage of these burners is the cyclic operation of the burner—after burning a certain amount of pellets, the burner is full of ash and/or slag. Then the torch will go to burn, stop the firing process, and is cleaned. The worse the pellets, the shorter the burning phase. Some pellets—eg peat pellets—the time for lighting, burnout, and cleaning is greater than the time during which the burner to burn fuel. This leads to power reduction (for example, if the burner in one hour 20 minutes in the combustion phase, and the remaining 40 min in the lighting phase, the burnout phase and the cleaning phase works). are known burner for solid fuels, especially for wood chips and pellets, which are provided with stepped reciprocating grates (e.g. heart Firematik. Strebel Taurus). By the movement of each second grate fuel and/or embers is pushed. The grate overhead to clean the low rack in the movement. In slag-forming fuels often sticking happened slag, ash and unburned fuel in a mass that covers the burner, thus preventing the air supply. Cases where slag sticking on the lower grid and the upper grate are known slides over the slag. Thus flows a large amount of air between both grids and they burn through.
Further, in the fusion of the ash of the fuel from the fused ash wrapped. The slag prevents the air supply to the fuel on the grate, and thus this fuel is not burned. So we have a higher percentage of unburned fuel in the ash tray.
Another attempt to solve the problem of slagging the burner Kesseis Verner A251. This has a movable grate, which extends through the averages of the grate plate linearly forwardly and upwardly moved, and returns thereafter. This rust is to solve the slag from the burner plate. In fact, the slag is removed only from the Durschnitten the grate plate, but remains on the other parts of the grate plate. Often the slag adhered on the movable grate and moves with it back and forth, until the air supply is obstructed.
Moreover, cases are known where are thrown away from the grate plate due to long train of the moving grate, the complete ash, slag, fuel and embers, and thus interrupting the combustion.
Somewhat better results in the combustion of slag-forming fuels, patent KR 100541280 with the Rostreinigungsvorrichting with a moving between grate bars, a circular motion applying cleaning comb. This construction has the following disadvantages:
a. The cleaning comb cannot clean the surface of the grate bars which are unmitelbar between the blades of the cleaning comb.
b. All moving parts are located in the combustion chamber at an extremely high temperature (above 1000° C.), and therefore have a short lifespan
c. All moving parts are in a room with the fuel and the ash.
Thus, the ash falls not only on the Rosstäbe, but also on the moving parts, such as chain wheels, chain, shaft, and drive, and causes an intensive wear.
From patent KR 100901365 an openable by fuel and compressed air funnel flap is known which serves to return fire protection. The use of compressed air into the hopper is not desirable for light fuels (chips. Pellets), because, firstly, a reverse blow-by of the fuel may cause upward and secondly brings an uncontrolled additional amount of air in the combustion chamber.
From the patent JP 2000266333 a furnace is known, wherein the blowing ash takes place through an opening in the furnace bottom, which is opened by a falling down flap. Such a construction does not allow the mounting of a burner in a boiler with a lower-lying burner door since under the burner no free space remains.
The U.S. Pat. No. 1,441,293 a burner with two pistons is known. The lower piston is connected to a member of the thrust grate, the primary air comes to the sliding grate by an opening in the lower piston. The upper piston is used to Brennstoffnachfüllen and has no air hole. Thus, it is high temperatures loaded.
These problems are solved by the features recited in patent claim 1.
The advantages achieved with the invention consist in particular in that the glow and the fused ash lying on the grate are agitated by the cleaning comb. Thus, two effects are achieved: more complete combustion of the fuel and crushing of the slag before it has hardened. During the movement of the cleaning comb above the grate in the direction of the burner port, the ash and the Schiacke are discharged from the burner. According to the invention it is achieved that in the case that the slag sticking on top of the grate bars, it will be abraded during the rotation of the grate bars of the flush ridge of the grate bar. The plaster comb always leads through the grates move through in one direction only to burner opening, and the grates, the movement of which takes place burner opening back.
The Accommodate of fuel on the grate bars by means of a piston. The piston includes in his stoppage the opening of the hopper, and thus forms the back fire protection.
The piston has at least one secondary air supply at the end face. Thanks to the air flowing through the air piston piston and the piston channel to be cooled, and thus prevents adhesion of fuel particles.
Fuel slips due to gravity through the hopper, since the slide wall has an inclination angle which is greater than the angle of the natural demolition. The funnel of the fuel in the bottom has a larger opening than above. Thus, the hopper cannot clog.
The funnel has a back fire damper whose Aufhängachse is arranged so that the return fire damper comes to rest on the slide wall. Thus, the return fire damper closes the hopper and opens only when fuel from above suppressed.
All moving Teiie of the burner are located in that has passed combustion air zones and thus be cooled.
An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Figures:
The invention relates to a burner for the combustion of solid fuels, particularly pellets and wood chips, which is also lower than standard may have ash fusion temperature. The burner has at least two parallel to each other at mutual distances mounted grate bars 25, in which primary air 26 flows in. The grate bars 25 are juxtaposed between inner walls of the burner 1 and positioned in the openings in the Burner 7 and supported on the grate carrier 24th The inner walls 1 have at least one opening 2 for secondary air. 5 The inner walls 1 together with the outer walls of a channel 3 for secondary air. 5
The grate bars 25 can be rotated or the grate bars 25 can be rotated by a drive by the interaction of the adhesive to the grate bars and the slag moved plaster comb 22nd
All moving parts are cooled either under the grate bars 25, or in the channel between the inner wall 1 and outer wall 3, and thus from flowing under the grate primary air 26, or from flowing through the channel secondary air. 5
The cleaning comb 22 is at a standstill below the grate bars 25 and is cooled by flowing through the primary air 26th The cleaning comb 22 makes the following movement: upwardly through the grate bars 25, smashes on the grate bars 22 lying slag and embers 29, and by stirring the lying on the grate bars 22 slag and embers 29. Thereafter, the cleaning comb 22 moves toward the burner port, and thereby transmits the slag 28 from the burner, and then down under the grate bars, and last in the direction of Burner flange 7. This movement of the cleaning comb 22 may also be circular.
The burner is closed by a burner cover 4 from above, lying on the inner walls. 1
For mounting the burner to the boiler, or other device, the flange is seventh on the flange 7 can most burner parts, such as
Flame detector 6; An ignition unit 17, are fixed.
The fuel, which is supplied to the hopper 8 falls by gravity to the opening in the piston channel 12 and is brought by the piston 11 on the grate bars 25th. The room with the Brennerteiien on the other side of the Brennerfiansches 7 is covered with a burner cap 10th The burner cap 10 is close to the Burner 7 and mounted hopper. 8 The fan 13 is tightly mounted on the burner cap.
Burn-back protection is achieved by the closing of the fuel port in the plunger passage 12 by the piston 11 at a standstill, as well as of the hopper door 9 and Fan flap reaches 14th. During the cleaning phase of the bottom gate 20 opens, and the ash that has fallen between the grate bars 25 on the burner base 30 is blown by the fan 13 through the opening in the bottom 30th
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| A 273/2016 | Jun 2016 | AT | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/AT2017/000043 | 5/30/2017 | WO | 00 |
