Claims
- 1. A composition comprising:
(1) a metal selected from nickel or palladium connected to a ligand comprising 1,4-diazabutadiene:
(a) having a phenyl ring connected to the 1 position of the diazabutadiene where the phenyl ring is connected at the 3, 4 or 5 position to at least one hydrocarbyl group having at least three carbon atoms, and (b) having a phenyl ring connected to the 4 position of the diazabutadiene where the phenyl ring is connected at the 3, 4 or 5 position to at least one hydrocarbyl group having at least three carbon atoms, and (c) where the 2 and 6 positions of both phenyl rings are connected to hydrogen radicals, and (d) where the 2 and 3 positions of the diazabutadiene are, each independently, connected to hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group; and (2) an abstractable ligand connected to the metal.
- 2. The composition of claim 1 where the 2 and 3 positions of the 1,4-diazabutadiene are, each independently, connected to a hydrogen radical or a C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radical.
- 3. The composition of claim 2 where the 2 and 3 positions of the 1,4-diazabutadiene are, each independently, connected to a C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radical and the hydrocarbyl radicals link to form a ring structure comprising one or more, substituted or unsubstituted, aromatic or non-aromatic rings.
- 4. The composition of claim 1 where the hydrocarbyl radicals connected to the 2 and 3 positions of the 1,4-diazabutadiene are, independently, selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, and all isomers of propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclodecyl, cyclododecyl, napthyl, phenyl, tolyl, benzyl, and phenethyl radicals.
- 5. The composition of claim 1 where the hydrocarbyl radicals connected to the 2 and 3 positions of the 1,4-diazabutadiene are, independently, methyl or ethyl radicals.
- 6. The composition of claim 3 where the ring structure is 1,8-naphthalene or 2,2′-biphenyl.
- 7. The composition of claim 1 where at least one of the C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radicals connected to the phenyl ring at the 3, 4 or 5 position is the same at least one of the C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radicals connected to the other phenyl ring at the 3, 4 or 5 position.
- 8. The composition of claim 7 where the hydrocarbyl radicals are selected from the group consisting of all isomers of propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl, octadecenyl, nonadecenyl, eicosenyl, heneicosenyl, docosenyl, tricosenyl, tetracosenyl, pentacosenyl, hexacosenyl, heptacosenyl, octacosenyl, nonacosenyl, triacontenyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl, decynyl, undecynyl, dodecynyl, tridecynyl, tetradecynyl, pentadecynyl, hexadecynyl, heptadecynyl, octadecynyl, nonadecynyl, eicosynyl, heneicosynyl, docosynyl, tricosynyl, tetracosynyl, pentacosynyl, hexacosynyl, heptacosynyl, octacosynyl, nonacosynyl, and triacontynyl radicals.
- 9. The composition of claim 1 where a hydrocarbyl radical having at least 3 carbon atoms connects to at least one phenyl ring at the 4 position.
- 10. The composition of claim 9 where the hydrocarbyl radical is selected from the group consisting of all isomers of propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl, octadecenyl, nonadecenyl, eicosenyl, heneicosenyl, docosenyl, tricosenyl, tetracosenyl, pentacosenyl, hexacosenyl, heptacosenyl, octacosenyl, nonacosenyl, triacontenyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl, decynyl, undecynyl, dodecynyl, tridecynyl, tetradecynyl, pentadecynyl, hexadecynyl, heptadecynyl, octadecynyl, nonadecynyl, eicosynyl, heneicosynyl, docosynyl, tricosynyl, tetracosynyl, pentacosynyl, hexacosynyl, heptacosynyl, octacosynyl, nonacosynyl, and triacontynyl radicals.
- 11. The composition of claim 1 where a butyl radical is connected to at least one phenyl ring at the 4 position.
- 12. The composition of claim 1 where at least one phenyl ring has only one 3, 4 or 5 position connected to a hydrogen radical.
- 13. The composition of claim 1 where at least one phenyl ring has at least 2 hydrocarbyl radicals connected to the 3, 4 or 5 position where the hydrocarbyl radicals are, independently, selected from the group consisting of all isomers of propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl, octadecenyl, nonadecenyl, eicosenyl, heneicosenyl, docosenyl, tricosenyl, tetracosenyl, pentacosenyl, hexacosenyl, heptacosenyl, octacosenyl, nonacosenyl, triacontenyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl, decynyl, undecynyl, dodecynyl, tridecynyl, tetradecynyl, pentadecynyl, hexadecynyl, heptadecynyl, octadecynyl, nonadecynyl, eicosynyl, heneicosynyl, docosynyl, tricosynyl, tetracosynyl, pentacosynyl, hexacosynyl, heptacosynyl, octacosynyl, nonacosynyl, and triacontynyl radicals.
- 14. The composition of claim 13 where the hydrocarbyl radicals are selected from butyl, pentyl, hexyl or octyl radicals.
- 15. The composition of claim 1 where the abstractable ligand is one of hydride, organic radicals, or organic-radical-substituted organometalloid radicals.
- 16. A composition comprising a ligand represented by the following structure:
- 17. The composition of claim 16 where one or more saturated or unsaturated cyclic structures are formed by independently joining two or more adjacent non-hydrogen R1, R2, or R3 and/or two or more adjacent non-hydrogen R4, R5, or R6.
- 18. The composition of claim 16 where at least one of R1, R2, or R3 is a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical.
- 19. The composition of claim 16 where at least one of R4, R5, or R6 is a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical.
- 20. The composition of claim 16 where at least one of R1, R2, or R3 is a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical, at least one of R4, R5, or R6 is a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical and the radicals are selected from the group consisting of all isomers of propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl, octadecenyl, nonadecenyl, eicosenyl, heneicosenyl, docosenyl, tricosenyl, tetracosenyl, pentacosenyl, hexacosenyl, heptacosenyl, octacosenyl, nonacosenyl, triacontenyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl, decynyl, undecynyl, dodecynyl, tridecynyl, tetradecynyl, pentadecynyl, hexadecynyl, heptadecynyl, octadecynyl, nonadecynyl, eicosynyl, heneicosynyl, docosynyl, tricosynyl, tetracosynyl, pentacosynyl, hexacosynyl, heptacosynyl, octacosynyl, nonacosynyl, and triacontynyl radicals.
- 21. The composition of claim 16 where:
(a) (a) R1 and R4 are each independently a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical, and (iv) R2, R3, R5, and R6 are each independently hydrogen or a C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radical; or (b) (b) R1 and R5 are each independently a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical, and (v) R2, R3, R4, and R6 are each independently hydrogen or a C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radical; or (c) (c) R2 and R5 are each independently a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical, and (vi) R1, R3, R4, and R6 each independently hydrogen or a C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radical.
- 22. The composition of claim 16 where
(a) (a) R2 and R5 are each independently a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical; and (b) (b) R1, R3, R4, and R6 each independently a hydrogen or a C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radical.
- 23. The composition of claim 16 where Pn is independently selected from nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, or antimony.
- 24. The composition of claim 16 where Pn is nitrogen.
- 25. The composition of claim 16 where a nickel or palladium atom is connected to one or both Group-15 atoms.
- 26. A composition comprising the composition of claim 25 and an abstractable ligand connected to the nickel or palladium.
- 27. A method of producing a catalyst system comprising combining in a solvent:
(a) (a) the composition of claim 16;(b) (b) a nickel or palladium halide salt, which may optionally be coordinated by solvent; and (c) (c) an activator compound.
- 28. The method of claim 27 where the nickel or palladium halide salt is at least one of NiCl2, PdBr2, Nil2, PdI2, NiBr2.MeOCH2CH2OMe, PdBr2.MeOCH2CH2OMe, NiI2.MeOCH2CH2OMe, and PdI2.MeOCH2CH2OMe.
- 29. The method of claim 27 where the activator compound is one of alumoxanes, discrete ionic activators, and Lewis acidic activators.
- 30. A catalyst produced using the method of claim 27.
- 31. A catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 25 and at least one activator.
- 32. A composition comprising the reaction product of the composition of claim 1 and an activator.
- 33. A composition comprising the reaction product of the composition of claim 7 and an activator.
- 34. A composition comprising the reaction product of claim 8 and an activator.
- 35. A composition comprising the product of the combination of the composition of claim 1 and an activator.
- 36. The composition of claim 31 wherein the activator compound is selected from the group consisting of alumoxanes, discrete ionic activators, and Lewis acidic activators.
- 37. The composition of claim 32 wherein the activator compound is selected from the group consisting of alumoxanes, discrete ionic activators, and Lewis acidic activators
- 38. The composition of claim 33 wherein the activator compound is selected from the group consisting of alumoxanes, discrete ionic activators, and Lewis acidic activators
- 39. The composition of claim 34 wherein the activator compound is selected from the group consisting of alumoxanes, discrete ionic activators, and Lewis acidic activators
- 40. The composition of claim 35 wherein the activator compound is selected from the group consisting of methylalumoxane, discrete ionic activators, and Lewis acidic activators
- 41. The composition of claim 17 where a nickel or palladium atom is connected to one or both Group-15 atoms.
- 42. The composition of claim 18 where a nickel or palladium atom is connected to one or both Group-15 atoms.
- 43. The composition of claim 19 where a nickel or palladium atom is connected to one or both Group-15 atoms.
- 44. The composition of claim 20 where a nickel or palladium atom is connected to one or both Group-15 atoms.
- 45. The composition of claim 21 where a nickel or palladium atom is connected to one or both Group-15 atoms.
- 46. The composition of claim 22 where a nickel or palladium atom is connected to one or both Group-15 atoms.
- 47. The composition of claim 23 where a nickel or palladium atom is connected to one or both Group-15 atoms.
- 48. The composition of claim 24 where a nickel or palladium atom is connected to one or both Group-15 atoms.
- 49. The composition of claim 1 wherein the metal is nickel.
- 50. A composition represented by the following structure:
- 51. The composition of claim 50 wherein X1 and X2 are, independently, selected from the group consisting of halogens, alkoxides, aryloxides, amides and phosphides.
- 52. The composition of claim 50 where one or more saturated or unsaturated cyclic structures are formed by independently joining two or more adjacent non-hydrogen R1, R2, or R3 and/or two or more adjacent non-hydrogen R4, R5, or R6.
- 53. The composition of claim 50 where at least one of R1, R2, or R3 is a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical.
- 54. The composition of claim 50 where at least one of R4, R5, or R6 is a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical.
- 55. The composition of claim 50 where at least one of R1, R2, or R3 is a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical, at least one of R4, R5, or R6 is a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical and the radicals are selected from the group consisting of all isomers of propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl, octadecenyl, nonadecenyl, eicosenyl, heneicosenyl, docosenyl, tricosenyl, tetracosenyl, pentacosenyl, hexacosenyl, heptacosenyl, octacosenyl, nonacosenyl, triacontenyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl, decynyl, undecynyl, dodecynyl, tridecynyl, tetradecynyl, pentadecynyl, hexadecynyl, heptadecynyl, octadecynyl, nonadecynyl, eicosynyl, heneicosynyl, docosynyl, tricosynyl, tetracosynyl, pentacosynyl, hexacosynyl, heptacosynyl, octacosynyl, nonacosynyl, and triacontynyl radicals.
- 56. The composition of claim 50 where R1 and R4 are each independently a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical, and R2, R3, R5, and R6 are each independently hydrogen or a C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radical.
- 57. The composition of claim 50 where R1 and R5 are each independently a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical, and R2, R3, R4, and R6 are each independently hydrogen or a C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radical.
- 58. The composition of claim 50 where R2 and R5 are each independently a C3-C30 hydrocarbyl radical, and R1, R3, R4, and R6 each independently hydrogen or a C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radical.
- 59. The composition of claim 50 where Pn is independently selected from nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, or antimony.
- 60. The composition of claim 50 where Pn is nitrogen.
- 61. The composition of claim 50 wherein:
M is nickel; Pn is N; at least one of R1, R2, or R3 is a hydrocarbyl radical selected from the group consisting of all isomers of propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl, octadecenyl, nonadecenyl, eicosenyl, heneicosenyl, docosenyl, tricosenyl, tetracosenyl, pentacosenyl, hexacosenyl, heptacosenyl, octacosenyl, nonacosenyl, triacontenyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl, decynyl, undecynyl, dodecynyl, tridecynyl, tetradecynyl, pentadecynyl, hexadecynyl, heptadecynyl, octadecynyl, nonadecynyl, eicosynyl, heneicosynyl, docosynyl, tricosynyl, tetracosynyl, pentacosynyl, hexacosynyl, heptacosynyl, octacosynyl, nonacosynyl, and triacontynyl radicals; at least one of R4, R5, or R6 is a hydrocarbyl radical selected from the group consisting of all isomers of propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl, octadecenyl, nonadecenyl, eicosenyl, heneicosenyl, docosenyl, tricosenyl, tetracosenyl, pentacosenyl, hexacosenyl, heptacosenyl, octacosenyl, nonacosenyl, triacontenyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl, decynyl, undecynyl, dodecynyl, tridecynyl, tetradecynyl, pentadecynyl, hexadecynyl, heptadecynyl, octadecynyl, nonadecynyl, eicosynyl, heneicosynyl, docosynyl, tricosynyl, tetracosynyl, pentacosynyl, hexacosynyl, heptacosynyl, octacosynyl, nonacosynyl, and triacontynyl radicals; and X1 and X2 are, independently, selected from the group consisting of halogens, alkoxides, aryloxides, amides and phosphides.
- 62. A composition represented by the formula:
- 63. The composition of claim 62 where R19 and R20 are the same.
- 64. The composition of claim 62 where M is nickel.
- 65. A composition represented by the formula:
- 66. A composition represented by the formula:
- 67. A composition represented by the formula:
- 68. A composition represented by the formula:
- 69. A composition represented by the formula:
- 70. The composition of claim 62 wherein X1 and X2 are bromine.
- 71. The composition of claim 62 where X1 and X2 are chlorine.
- 72. A catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 62 and an activator.
- 73. A catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 62, an activator and a support.
- 74. A composition comprising the composition of claim 1 and a support.
- 75. A catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 1, an activator and a support.
- 76. A composition comprising the composition of claim 16, a nickel or palladium halide salt, which may optionally be coordinated by solvent, and a support.
- 77. A catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 16, a nickel or palladium halide salt, which may optionally be coordinated by solvent, an activator and a support.
- 78. A composition comprising the composition of claim 16, at least one of NiCl2, PdBr2, NiI2, PdI2, NiBr2.MeOCH2CH2OMe, PdBr2.MeOCH2CH2OMe, NiI2.MeOCH2CH2OMe, and PdI2.MeOCH2CH2OMe, and a support.
- 79. A catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 16, at least one of NiCl2, PdBr2, NiI2, PdI2, NiBr2.MeOCH2CH2OMe, PdBr2.MeOCH2CH2OMe, NiI2.MeOCH2CH2OMe, and PdI2.MeOCH2CH2OMe, an activator and a support.
- 80. A composition comprising the composition of claim 50 and a support.
- 81. A catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 50, an activator and a support.
- 82. A catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 62, an activator and a support, where the activator is selected from the group consisting of methylalumoxane, modified methylalumoxane, ethylalumoxane, trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, triisopropyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum chloride, [Me2PhNH][B(C6F5)4], [Bu3NH][BF4], [NH4][PF6], [NH4][SbF6], [NH4][AsF6], [NH4][B(C6H5)4], B(C6F5)3 or B(C6H5)3.
- 83. A catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 1, an activator and a support, where the activator is selected from the group consisting of methylalumoxane, modified methylalumoxane, ethylalumoxane, trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, triisopropyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum chloride, [Me2PhNH][B(C6F5)4], [Bu3NH][BF4], [NH4][PF6], [NH4][SbF6], [NH4][AsF6], [NH4][B(C6H5)4], B(C6F5)3 or B(C6H5)3.
- 84. A catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 50, an activator and a support, where the activator is selected from the group consisting of methylalumoxane, modified methylalumoxane, ethylalumoxane, trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, triisopropyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum chloride, [Me2PhNH][B(C6F5)4], [Bu3NH][BF4], [NH4][PF6], [NH4][SbF6], [NH4][AsF6], [NH4][B(C6H5)4], B(C6F5)3 or B(C6H5)3.
- 85. A catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 61, an activator and a support, where the activator is selected from the group consisting of methylalumoxane, modified methylalumoxane, ethylalumoxane, trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, triisopropyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum chloride, [Me2PhNH][B(C6F5)4], [Bu3NH][BF4], [NH4][PF6], [NH4][SbF6], [NH4][AsF6], [NH4][B(C6H5)4], B(C6F5)3 or B(C6H5)3.
- 86. A process to oligomerize ethylene comprising contacting ethylene, and optionally one or more of propylene or 1-butene, with a catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 62, an activator, and optionally a support.
- 87. A process to oligomerize ethylene comprising contacting ethylene, and optionally one or more of propylene or 1-butene, with a catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 61, an activator, and optionally a support.
- 88. A process to oligomerize ethylene comprising contacting ethylene, and optionally one or more of propylene or 1-butene, with a catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 1, an activator, and optionally a support.
- 89. A process to oligomerize ethylene comprising contacting ethylene, and optionally one or more of propylene or 1-butene, with a catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 50, an activator, and optionally a support.
- 90. The process of claim 86 where the activator is selected from the group consisting of methylalumoxane, modified methylalumoxane, ethylalumoxane, trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, triisopropyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum chloride, [Me2PhNH][B(C6F5)4], [Bu3NH][BF4], [NH4][PF6], [NH4][SbF6], [NH4][AsF6], [NH4][B(C6H5)4], B(C6F5)3 or B(C6H5)3.
- 91. The process of claim 87 where the activator is selected from the group consisting of methylalumoxane, modified methylalumoxane, ethylalumoxane, trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, triisopropyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum chloride, [Me2PhNH][B(C6F5)4], [Bu3NH][BF4], [NH4][PF6], [NH4][SbF6], [NH4][AsF6], [NH4][B(C6H5)4], B(C6F5)3 or B(C6H5)3.
- 92. The process of claim 88 where the activator is selected from the group consisting of methylalumoxane, modified methylalumoxane, ethylalumoxane, trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, triisopropyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum chloride, [Me2PhNH][B(C6F5)4], [Bu3NH][BF4], [NH4][PF6], [NH4][SbF6], [NH4][AsF6], [NH4][B(C6H5)4], B(C6F5)3 or B(C6H5)3.
- 93. The process of claim 89 where the activator is selected from the group consisting of methylalumoxane, modified methylalumoxane, ethylalumoxane, trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, triisopropyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum chloride, [Me2PhNH][B(C6F5)4], [Bu3NH][BF4], [NH4][PF6], [NH4][SbF6], [NH4][AsF6], [NH4][B(C6H5)4], B(C6F5)3 or B(C6H5)3.
- 94. The process of claim 51 where the activator is selected from the group consisting of methylalumoxane, modified methylalumoxane, ethylalumoxane, trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, triisopropyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum chloride, [Me2PhNH][B(C6F5)4], [Bu3NH][BF4], [NH4][PF6], [NH4][SbF6], [NH4][AsF6], [NH4][B(C6H5)4], B(C6F5)3 or B(C6H5)3.
- 95. The process of claim 86 where the contacting occurs at a temperature of −100° C. to 300° C. and a pressure of 0 kPa-35 MPa in the presence of one or more liquids selected from the group consisting of alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes, halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons.
- 96. The process of claim 87 where the contacting occurs at a temperature of −100° C. to 300° C. and a pressure of 0 kPa-35 MPa in the presence of one or more liquids selected from the group consisting of alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes, halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons.
- 97. The process of claim 88 where the contacting occurs at a temperature of −100° C. to 300° C. and a pressure of 0 kPa-35 MPa in the presence of one or more liquids selected from the group consisting of alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes, halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons.
- 98. The process of claim 89 where the contacting occurs at a temperature of −100° C. to 300° C. and a pressure of 0 kPa-35 MPa in the presence of one or more liquids selected from the group consisting of alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes, halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons.
- 99. A process to oligomerize one or more alpha-olefins comprising contacting the alpha-olefins with a catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 1, an activator, and optionally a support where the contacting occurs at a temperature of −100° C. to 300° C. and a pressure of 0 kPa-35 MPa in the presence of one or more liquids selected from the group consisting of alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes, halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons.
- 100. A process to oligomerize one or more alpha-olefins comprising contacting the alpha-olefins with a catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 62, an activator selected from the group consisting of methylalumoxane, modified methylalumoxane, ethylalumoxane, trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, triisopropyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum chloride, [Me2PhNH][B(C6F5)4], [Bu3NH][BF4], [NH4][PF6], [NH4][SbF6], [NH4][AsF6], [NH4][B(C6H5)4], B(C6F5)3 or B(C6H5)3, and optionally, a support, where the contacting occurs at a temperature of −100° C. to 300° C. and a pressure of 0 kPa-35 MPa in the presence of one or more liquids selected from the group consisting of hexane, toluene, cyclohexane, and benzene.
- 101. A process to oligomerize ethylene comprising contacting ethylene with a catalyst system comprising the composition of claim 50, an activator selected from the group consisting of methylalumoxane, modified methylalumoxane, ethylalumoxane, trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, triisopropyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum chloride, [Me2PhNH] [B(C6F5)4], [Bu3NH][BF4], [NH4][PF6], [NH4][SbF6], [NH4][AsF6], [NH4][B(C6H5)4], B(C6F5)3 or B(C6H5)3, and optionally, a support, where the contacting occurs at a temperature of −100° C. to 300° C. and a pressure of 0 kPa-35 MPa in the presence of one or more liquids selected from the group consisting of hexane, toluene, cyclohexane, and benzene.
Parent Case Info
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/384,289, filed May 30, 2002 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/396,370, filed Jul. 17, 2002. This application also claims priority from U.S. Ser. No. ______, filed concurrently herewith, attorney docket no. 2002B069.
Provisional Applications (2)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60384289 |
May 2002 |
US |
|
60396370 |
Jul 2002 |
US |