Patent Application
20240405940
In cellular broadband communications, a user equipment and a core network can communicate about the status of a communication channel used for data transmission.
The following presents a simplified summary of the disclosed subject matter in order to provide a basic understanding of some of the various embodiments. This summary is not an extensive overview of the various embodiments. It is intended neither to identify key or critical elements of the various embodiments nor to delineate the scope of the various embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of the disclosure in a streamlined form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
An example system can operate as follows. The system can communicate broadband cellular communications with a base station. The system can receive a radio resource control (RRC) message from the base station to establish a sounding reference signal (SRS) mode for the broadband cellular communications, wherein the SRS mode is a periodic mode. The system can receive a second message in a second format from the base station, wherein the second format differs from a RRC format, and wherein the second message indicates changing a number of SRS positions. The system can send, to the base station, a third message that utilizes the number of SRS positions to convey SRS information. wherein, responsive to the sending, channel quality data is stored that comprises an indication of a channel quality that corresponds to the broadband cellular communications based on the third message.
An example method can comprise, as part of broadband cellular communications with a base station, receiving, by a system comprising a processor, a RRC message from the base station to establish a periodic SRS mode for the broadband cellular communications. The method can further comprise receiving, by the system, a second message in a second format from the base station, wherein the second format differs from a RRC format, and wherein the second message indicates modifying a number of SRS positions. The method can further comprise sending, by the system and to the base station, a third message that utilizes the number of SRS positions to convey SRS information, wherein sending the third message comprises sending, to the base station to be stored by the base station, an indication of a channel quality that corresponds to the broadband cellular communications based on the third message.
An example non-transitory computer-readable medium can comprise instructions that, in response to execution, cause a system comprising a processor to perform operations. These operations can comprise receiving, from a cellular access point that is part of a cellular communications network, a first message in a first format to establish a SRS mode for broadband cellular communications with the cellular access point. These operations can further comprise receiving, from the cellular access point, a second message in a second format, wherein the first format differs from the second format, and wherein the second message indicates modifying a number of SRS positions. These operations can further comprise sending, to the cellular access point, a third message that utilizes the number of SRS positions to convey SRS information, wherein, responsive to the sending, the cellular access point is to save an indication of a channel quality that corresponds to the broadband cellular communications based on the SRS transmission.
Numerous embodiments, objects, and advantages of the present embodiments will be apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout, and in which:
A SRS can be sent by user equipment (UE) according to instructions provided by a gNB. The SRS can be used by the gNB to measure an uplink (UL) channel propagation, and can be used by the gNB for channel aware scheduling, link adaptation (LA), and downlink channel estimation when channel reciprocity exists, such as in time-division duplexing (TDD) deployments.
In some implementations of a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) protocol, a SRS can occupy 1, 2, or 4 symbols in a time domain, and all resource blocks (RBs) in a frequency domain. A SRS can be transmitted independently of physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) scheduling and PUSCH bandwidth.
A SRS can be triggered non-periodically using DCI messages, such as DCI_0_1 and/or DCI_1_1; in a semi-persistent manner using a MAC CE message, and/or periodically as soon as it is configured using a Layer 3 (L3) signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, and/or SRS resource set configuration).
In some examples, when a SRS is periodically triggered (which can be highly likely in some deployments), if channel conditions improve at the UE and there is a desire to reduce a number of symbols used for SRS transmissions, an approach to reducing the number of symbols can be to use RRC signaling. A problem with using RRC signaling for this purpose can be that it can be slow (being sent from a centralized unit (CU) of a radio rather than from a distributed unit (DU)), and result in more radio resource usage (both for the SRS symbols until reconfiguration, as well as for the signaling messages). Also, with this approach, to reduce or increase the symbols used for SRS, which can be indicated with 2 bits, the gNB can need to transmit a whole RRC signaling message as currently defined by 3GPP specifications. The present techniques can be implemented to facilitate a more efficient and faster approach to increasing or decreasing symbols used for SRS (as per UE conditions and other criteria) during periodic and semipersistent SRS transmission.
In a periodic trigger case (e.g.,
For example, if a UE radio frequency (RF) condition changes from good to bad (or vice versa), and if a gNB attempts to adapt SRS transmission accordingly to conserve valuable radio symbols for data transmission (e.g., switching from using four symbols to using one symbol in good UE conditions, or switching from using one symbol to using four symbols in poor conditions for better channel estimation), then the prior techniques can lack an efficient and/or fast mechanism to effectuate this, leading to wasting valuable radio resources (symbols).
The present techniques can be implemented to facilitate reusing a SRS request field with DCI, even for periodic transmission, to indicate a number of symbols to use for SRS. In some prior techniques, a SRS request field within a DCI is used only in an aperiodic case to specify a SRS resource set, as follows:
The present techniques can be implemented to facilitate re-using a SRS request, even during periodic SRS transmission, as follows:
In some examples, it can be that other SRS resource configurations remain the same, and only a number of symbols in the time domain changes, as per this field in a DCI signal.
In some examples, upon receiving this SRS request field in a periodic mode, a UE can transmit a number of symbols as specified by the SRS request field, while other SRS resource configurations specified by RRC (L3) signaling remain the same.
An associated example signal flow is illustrated in
The present techniques can be implemented to facilitate using a MAC CE (e.g., Activation/Deactivation of SRS symbol information), including for periodic transmission, to indicate a number of symbols to use for SRS. A MAC CE can be implemented in accordance with the table of values of a SRS request field, above, to indicate a number of SRS symbols to use during a periodic SRS mode. Upon receiving this MAC CE, a UE can transmit a number of symbols as specified by the CE, and other SRS resource configurations specified by RRC (L3) signaling can remain unchanged.
An associated example signal flow is illustrated in
According to the present techniques, a IE can be used in UE capability to support dynamic switching of SRS symbols. An IE, dynamicSRSSymbolSwitchSupport, can be implemented for uplink in FeatureSetUplink. Where a UE supports this IE, it can indicate that the UE will support dynamic SRS symbol switch configuration changes in an uplink direction.
A FeatureSetUplinkIE can be used to indicate the features that the UE supports on carriers corresponding to one band entry in a band combination. An example FeatureSetUplinkIE is as follows:
In some examples, a UE is capable of handling a DCI field “SRS request” for uplink DCI format 0_1/1_1, as described above.
In some examples a UE is capable of handling a MAC CE (e.g., “Activation/Deactivation of SRS symbol information,” as described above.
In some examples, the present techniques can be implemented in a UE, as follows. A UE indicator can be implemented that implements the present techniques. That is, a UE can send a bit in a UE capability indicator to a centralized unit of a gNB to indicate that SRS transmission optimization is or is not supported.
Where the UE capability indicator indicates that SRS transmission optimization is supported, a UE can increase and/or decrease a number of SRS symbols transmitted (after SRS transmission has been activated by either a periodic or semi-persistent SRS mode) as instructed by a DCI message and/or a MAC CE message.
Where the UE capability indicator indicates that SRS transmission optimization is not supported, it can be that a gNB does not use DCI messages and/or MAC CE messages to increase and/or decrease a number of SRS symbols transmitted, and/or a UE ignores such DCI messages and/or MAC CE if the UE receives them.
The present techniques can be implemented to trigger an increase or decrease of SRS symbols via MAC CE and/or DCI based on changing conditions. A gNB can instruct a UE to increase or decrease a number of SRS symbols transmitted based on conditions such as what follows.
An example of changing conditions can occur where a UE is in good RF conditions, and measured signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) is higher than a certain threshold (and other indicators reported, like channel quality indicator (CQI), and block error rate (BLER), can point to good radio conditions), then the gNB can instruct the UE (through DCI and/or MAC CE messaging) to decrease a number of SRS symbols. For example, the number of SRS symbols can be reduced from four to two, from four to one, or from two to one, depending on different SINR thresholds.
Another example of changing conditions can occur where a UE is in bad RF conditions, and measured SINR is lower than a certain threshold (and other indicators reported, like CQI and BLER, point to poor radio conditions), then the gNB can instruct the UE (through DCI and/or MAC CE messaging) to increase a number of SRS symbols. For example, the number of SRS symbols can be increased from one to two, from one to four, or from two to four, depending on different SINR thresholds.
Another example of changing conditions can occur where a UE is in fast changing radio conditions (e.g., example mobile scenarios), then the gNB can instruct the UE (through DCI and/or MAC CE messaging) to increase or decrease a number of SRS symbols., depending on measured SINR thresholds (and/or other indicators, like CQI and BLER).
In cellular communications, there can be a master cell group (MCG) to which a UE initially registers. A cell that is used to initiate initial access can be referred to as a primary cell (Pcell).
The examples herein generally relate to 5G cellular communications networks, where Pcells are used. It can be appreciated that the present techniques can be applied to other types of cellular communications networks for SRS transmission optimization.
As depicted, system architecture 100 comprises gNodeB (gNB) 102, Pcell 104, UE 108, SRS transmission optimization component 110A, and SRS transmission optimization component 110B.
gNB 102 can generally comprise a cellular fifth-generation (5G) base station, can comprise multiple antennas, and can concurrently communicate with multiple instances of UE 108. UE 108 can generally comprise a computing device that is configured to be used directly by an end-user to communicate with gNB 102. Pcell 104 can be a Pcell as described herein, and that is communicatively coupled to both gNB 102 and UE 108.
SRS transmission optimization component 110A can generally comprise a component of gNB 102 that facilitates SRS transmission optimization for gNB 102 as described herein. Similarly, SRS transmission optimization component 110B can generally comprise a component of UE 108 that facilitates SRS transmission optimization for UE 108 as described herein.
Aperiodic SRS transmission 200 comprises DCI 202, SRS 204, time 206, and SRS transmission optimization component 210 (which can be similar to SRS transmission optimization component 110A and/or SRS transmission optimization component 110B of
DCI 202 can comprise a DCI message. Sending DCI 202 can trigger sending one aperiodic SRS at some point during time 206.
Per a 3GPP protocol, SRS triggering can be configured by a resource-Type information element (IE), a SRS-Resource IE within RRC signaling messages. A resource-Type IE can set an aperiodic (
Semi-persistent SRS transmissions 300 comprises MAC CE 302, SRS 304, time 306, and SRS transmission optimization component 310 (which can be similar to SRS transmission optimization component 110A and/or SRS transmission optimization component 110B of
MAC CE 302 can comprise a MAC CE message. Sending MAC CE 302 can trigger sending multiple semi-persistent SRS messages in SRS 304 at points during time 306.
Periodic SRS transmissions 400 comprises L3 message 402, SRS 404, time 406, and SRS transmission optimization component 410 (which can be similar to SRS transmission optimization component 110A and/or SRS transmission optimization component 110B of
L3 message 402 can comprise a RRC message. Sending MAC CE 402 can trigger sending multiple periodic SRS messages in SRS 404 at points during time 406.
In an aperiodic mode, DCI_0_1 and DCI_1_1 can be used to request a UE to transmit SRS. The SRS request filed within the DCI can be used specify the SRS resource set to use. The SRS resource set (which can range from 0 to 15, in some examples) can specify SRS resources the UE should transmit on. The SRS resources can specify the number of symbols (e.g., 1, 2, or 4) in a time domain, in addition to other parameters, like a transmission comb, a number of SRS ports, etc.
However, in a periodic trigger case (e.g.,
Signal flow 1100 begins with
The signal flow of signal flow 1100 is an example signal flow, and there can be signal flows that implement different signals, or the signals of signal flow 1100 in a different order, as part of facilitating SRS transmission optimization.
As depicted in signal flow 1100, the following occurs:
In general, a difference between signal flow 1300 and signal flow 1100 of
Signal flow 1300 begins with
The signal flow of signal flow 1300 is an example signal flow, and there can be signal flows that implement different signals, or the signals of signal flow 1300 in a different order, as part of facilitating SRS transmission optimization.
As depicted in signal flow 1300, the following occurs:
It can be appreciated that the operating procedures of process flow 1500 are example operating procedures, and that there can be embodiments that implement more or fewer operating procedures than are depicted, or that implement the depicted operating procedures in a different order than as depicted. In some examples, process flow 1500 can be implemented in conjunction with one or more embodiments of one or more of process flow 1600 of
Process flow 1500 begins with 1502, and moves to operation 1504.
Operation 1504 depicts communicating broadband cellular communications with a base station. That is, a UE (e.g., UE 108 of
After operation 1504, process flow 1500 moves to operation 1506.
Operation 1506 depicts receiving a radio resource control message from the base station to establish a sounding reference signal mode for the broadband cellular communications, wherein the sounding reference signal mode is a periodic mode. In some examples, this RRC message can be similar to RRCReconfiguration 1146 (srs-Config with resourceType=Periodic in BWP-UplinkDedicated IE if UE supports this feature in uplink) of
After operation 1506, process flow 1500 moves to operation 1508.
Operation 1508 depicts receiving a second message in a second format from the base station, wherein the second format differs from a radio resource control format, and wherein the second message indicates changing a number of sounding reference signal positions. In some examples, this second message can be a DCI message like in 1188A of
In some examples, changing a number of sounding reference signal positions comprises modifying the number of SRS symbols that the UE will use (e.g., increasing the number, decreasing the number, or not using SRS symbols). This modifying a number of SRS symbols can be viewed in contrast to modifying positions of SRS symbols.
For example, where four symbols were used this is reduced to two symbols, it can be that the UE will transmit only on the first two symbols and not transmit on the next two symbols. Similarly, where two symbols were used this is reduced to one symbol, it can be that the UE will transmit only on the first symbol and not transmit on the next three symbols.
In some examples, the second message indicates increasing the number of sounding reference signal positions. In some examples, the second message indicates decreasing the number of sounding reference signal positions. That is, changing the number of sounding reference signal positions can comprise increasing or decreasing the number.
In some examples, a first data size of the second message is smaller than a second data size of the radio resource control message. That is, a DCI or MAC CE message can be used to configure SRS messaging because a DCI/MAC CE message has a smaller data size than a corresponding RRC message, so bandwidth can be conserved.
In some examples, the radio resource control message is received from a centralized unit of the base station, wherein the second message is received from a distributed unit of the base station, and wherein a first amount of time associated with receiving the user equipment the radio resource control message from the centralized unit is greater than a second amount of time associated with receiving the second message from the distributed unit. That is, a DCI or MAC CE message for configuring SRS can be transmitted faster than a RRC message for configuring SRS because the DCI or MAC CE message is transmitted from a DU while a RRC is transmitted from a CU.
After operation 1508, process flow 1500 moves to operation 1510.
Operation 1510 depicts sending, to the base station, a third message that utilizes the number of sounding reference signal positions to convey sounding reference signal information, wherein, responsive to the sending, channel quality data is stored that comprises an indication of a channel quality that corresponds to the broadband cellular communications based on the third message. In some examples, this third message can be similar to 1190 of
After operation 1510, process flow 1500 moves to 1512, where process flow 1500 ends.
It can be appreciated that the operating procedures of process flow 1600 are example operating procedures, and that there can be embodiments that implement more or fewer operating procedures than are depicted, or that implement the depicted operating procedures in a different order than as depicted. In some examples, process flow 1600 can be implemented in conjunction with one or more embodiments of one or more of process flow 1500 of
Process flow 1600 begins with 1602, and moves to operation 1604.
Operation 1604 depicts, as part of broadband cellular communications with a base station, receiving, by a system comprising a processor, a radio resource control message from the base station to establish a periodic sounding reference signal mode for the broadband cellular communications. In some examples, operation 1604 can be implemented in a similar manner as operations 1504-1506 of
In some examples, operation 1604 comprises sending, by the system and to the base station, a downlink control information message that comprises an information element that indicates that the user equipment supports the modifying of the number of sounding reference signal positions. That is, using the above example, a UE capability message can indicate that the UE supports SRS transmission optimization (e.g. dynamicSRSSymbolSwitchSupport).
After operation 1604, process flow 1600 moves to operation 1606.
Operation 1606 depicts receiving, by the system, a second message in a second format from the base station, wherein the second format differs from a radio resource control format, and wherein the second message indicates modifying a number of sounding reference signal positions. In some examples, operation 1606 can be implemented in a similar manner as operation 1508 of
In some examples, the second message comprises a downlink control information message, and the second message comprises a sounding reference signal request field that specifies a sounding reference signal resource set to use in the sounding reference signal transmission. In some examples, the indication is a first indication, and the sounding reference signal resource set comprises a second indication of a number of symbols in a time domain. That is, DCI_0_1 and DCI_1_1 messages can be used to request the UE to transmit SRS. The SRS request filed within the DCI can be used specify the SRS resource set to use. The SRS resource set (ranging from 0 to 15) can specify SRS resources the UE should transmit on. The SRS resources can specify a number of symbols (1,2, or 4) in time domain, in addition to other parameters like a transmission comb, a number of SRS ports, etc.
In some examples, the second message comprises a medium access control control element message that comprises a first portion that identifies a logical channel identifier and a second portion that identifies the number of sounding reference signal positions. That is, using the above example, a MAC CE message can comprise an LCID and a SRS symbol length field.
In some examples, the second message comprises a downlink control information message that indicates scheduling a physical uplink shared channel in one cell. That is, a DCI 0_1 message can be used to request that a UE transmit a SRS message. In some examples, the second message comprises a downlink control information message that indicates scheduling a physical downlink shared channel in one cell. That is, a DCI 1_1message can be used to request that a UE transmit a SRS message.
In some examples, sending the radio resource message is performed by a centralized unit of a system that implements process flow 1600, sending the second message is performed by a distributed unit of the system, and a first amount of time associated with sending the radio resource control message from the centralized unit is greater than a second amount of time associated with sending the second message from the distributed unit.
After operation 1606, process flow 1600 moves to operation 1608.
Operation 1608 depicts sending, by the system and to the base station, a third message that utilizes the number of sounding reference signal positions to convey sounding reference signal information, wherein sending the third message comprises sending, to the base station to be stored by the base station, an indication of a channel quality that corresponds to the broadband cellular communications based on the third message. In some examples, operation 1608 can be implemented in a similar manner as operation 1510 of
After operation 1608, process flow 1600 moves to 1610, where process flow 1600 ends.
It can be appreciated that the operating procedures of process flow 1700 are example operating procedures, and that there can be embodiments that implement more or fewer operating procedures than are depicted, or that implement the depicted operating procedures in a different order than as depicted. In some examples, process flow 1700 can be implemented in conjunction with one or more embodiments of one or more of process flow 1500 of
Process flow 1700 begins with 1702, and moves to operation 1704.
Operation 1704 depicts receiving, from a cellular access point that is part of a cellular communications network, a first message in a first format to establish a sounding reference signal mode for broadband cellular communications with the cellular access point. In some examples, operation 1704 can be implemented in a similar manner as operations 1504-1506 of
In some examples, the first message is sent via a network layer of the broadband cellular communications, and the network layer differs from a physical layer, and a medium access control layer. That is, the first message can comprise a RRC/L3 message. After operation 1704, process flow 1700 moves to operation 1706.
Operation 1706 depicts receiving, from the cellular access point, a second message in a second format, wherein the first format differs from the second format, and wherein the second message indicates modifying a number of sounding reference signal positions. In some examples, operation 1706 can be implemented in a similar manner as operation 1508 of
In some examples, the second message (and in some examples, the third message) is sent via a network layer of the broadband cellular communications, and the network layer differs from a physical layer, and a medium access control layer. That is, the second message can comprise a MAC CE/L2 message.
In some examples, the second message (and in some examples, the third message) is sent via a physical layer of the broadband cellular communications, and the physical layer differs from a network layer, and a medium access control layer. That is, the second message can comprise a DCI/L1 message.
In some examples, a system that implements process flow 1700 comprises a centralized unit and a distributed unit, the first message is originated in the centralized unit, and the second message (and in some examples, the third message) is originated in the distributed unit. That is, a DCI or MAC CE message for configuring SRS can be transmitted faster than a RRC message for configuring SRS because the DCI or MAC CE message is transmitted from a DU while a RRC is transmitted from a CU.
After operation 1706, process flow 1700 moves to operation 1708.
Operation 1708 depicts sending, to the cellular access point, a third message that utilizes the number of sounding reference signal positions to convey sounding reference signal information, wherein, responsive to the sending, the cellular access point is to save an indication of a channel quality that corresponds to the broadband cellular communications based on the sounding reference signal transmission. In some examples, operation 1708 can be implemented in a similar manner as operation 1510 of
In some examples, operation 1708 comprises, after receiving the first message and before receiving the second message, sending, to the cellular access point, a fourth message that utilizes a second number of sounding reference signal positions to convey sounding reference signal information, wherein the second number of sounding reference signal positions is indicated by the first message.
That is, initially, a number of SRS positions to be used by the UE can be established with a RRC message. The UE can do this until receiving a subsequent message that modifies the number of SRS positions to be used (e.g., via a DCI or MAC CE).
In some examples, the number of sounding reference signal positions is a first number of sounding reference signal positions, and operation 1708 comprises sending communications to the cellular access point that utilize a most-recently conveyed number of sounding reference signal positions. That is, in some examples, whatever a latest indication of SRS symbols to use is received from the cellular access point (e.g., via RRC, DCI, or MAC CE), the UE can use that number of symbols.
In some examples, the number of sounding reference signal positions is a first number of sounding reference signal positions, and operation 1708 comprises, after sending the third message, receiving, from the cellular access point, a fourth message in the first format, wherein the fourth message indicates modifying the first number of sounding reference signal positions to a second number of sounding reference signal positions, and sending, to the cellular access point, a fifth message that utilizes the number of sounding reference signal positions to convey sounding reference signal information.
That is, in addition to the first message (which can be a RRC message), where there is a subsequent RRC message that indicates a number of SRS positions to use, the UE can use that number of SRS positions.
After operation 1708, process flow 1700 moves to 1710, where process flow 1700 ends.
In order to provide additional context for various embodiments described herein,
For example, parts of computing environment 1800 can be used to implement one or more embodiments of gNB 102, Pcell 104, Scell(s) 106, and/or UE 108, of
In some examples, computing environment 1800 can implement one or more embodiments of the process flows of
While the embodiments have been described above in the general context of computer-executable instructions that can run on one or more computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments can be also implemented in combination with other program modules and/or as a combination of hardware and software.
Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various methods can be practiced with other computer system configurations, including single-processor or multiprocessor computer systems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, distributed computing systems, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, and the like, each of which can be operatively coupled to one or more associated devices.
The illustrated embodiments of the embodiments herein can be also practiced in distributed computing environments where certain tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which can include computer-readable storage media, machine-readable storage media, and/or communications media, which two terms are used herein differently from one another as follows. Computer-readable storage media or machine-readable storage media can be any available storage media that can be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example, and not limitation, computer-readable storage media or machine-readable storage media can be implemented in connection with any method or technology for storage of information such as computer-readable or machine-readable instructions, program modules, structured data or unstructured data.
Computer-readable storage media can include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD), Blu-ray disc (BD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, solid state drives or other solid state storage devices, or other tangible and/or non-transitory media which can be used to store desired information. In this regard, the terms “tangible” or “non-transitory” herein as applied to storage, memory or computer-readable media, are to be understood to exclude only propagating transitory signals per se as modifiers and do not relinquish rights to all standard storage, memory or computer-readable media that are not only propagating transitory signals per se.
Computer-readable storage media can be accessed by one or more local or remote computing devices, e.g., via access requests, queries or other data retrieval protocols, for a variety of operations with respect to the information stored by the medium.
Communications media typically embody computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other structured or unstructured data in a data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includes any information delivery or transport media. The term “modulated data signal” or signals refers to a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media include wired media, such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.
With reference again to
The system bus 1808 can be any of several types of bus structure that can further interconnect to a memory bus (with or without a memory controller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of commercially available bus architectures. The system memory 1806 includes ROM 1810 and RAM 1812. A basic input/output system (BIOS) can be stored in a nonvolatile storage such as ROM, erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), EEPROM, which BIOS contains the basic routines that help to transfer information between elements within the computer 1802, such as during startup. The RAM 1812 can also include a high-speed RAM such as static RAM for caching data.
The computer 1802 further includes an internal hard disk drive (HDD) 1814 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), one or more external storage devices 1816 (e.g., a magnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 1816, a memory stick or flash drive reader, a memory card reader, etc.) and an optical disk drive 1820 (e.g., which can read or write from a CD-ROM disc, a DVD, a BD, etc.). While the internal HDD 1814 is illustrated as located within the computer 1802, the internal HDD 1814 can also be configured for external use in a suitable chassis (not shown). Additionally, while not shown in environment 1800, a solid state drive (SSD) could be used in addition to, or in place of, an HDD 1814. The HDD 1814, external storage device(s) 1816 and optical disk drive 1820 can be connected to the system bus 1808 by an HDD interface 1824, an external storage interface 1826 and an optical drive interface 1828, respectively. The interface 1824 for external drive implementations can include at least one or both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 1394 interface technologies. Other external drive connection technologies are within contemplation of the embodiments described herein.
The drives and their associated computer-readable storage media provide nonvolatile storage of data, data structures, computer-executable instructions, and so forth. For the computer 1802, the drives and storage media accommodate the storage of any data in a suitable digital format. Although the description of computer-readable storage media above refers to respective types of storage devices, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other types of storage media which are readable by a computer, whether presently existing or developed in the future, could also be used in the example operating environment. and further, that any such storage media can contain computer-executable instructions for performing the methods described herein.
A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and RAM 1812. including an operating system 1830, one or more application programs 1832, other program modules 1834 and program data 1836. All or portions of the operating system, applications, modules, and/or data can also be cached in the RAM 1812. The systems and methods described herein can be implemented utilizing various commercially available operating systems or combinations of operating systems.
Computer 1802 can optionally comprise emulation technologies. For example, a hypervisor (not shown) or other intermediary can emulate a hardware environment for operating system 1830, and the emulated hardware can optionally be different from the hardware illustrated in
Further, computer 1802 can be enabled with a security module, such as a trusted processing module (TPM). For instance, with a TPM, boot components hash next in time boot components, and wait for a match of results to secured values, before loading a next boot component. This process can take place at any layer in the code execution stack of computer 1802, e.g., applied at the application execution level or at the operating system (OS) kernel level, thereby enabling security at any level of code execution.
A user can enter commands and information into the computer 1802 through one or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., a keyboard 1838, a touch screen 1840, and a pointing device, such as a mouse 1842. Other input devices (not shown) can include a microphone, an infrared (IR) remote control, a radio frequency (RF) remote control, or other remote control, a joystick, a virtual reality controller and/or virtual reality headset, a game pad, a stylus pen, an image input device, e.g., camera(s), a gesture sensor input device, a vision movement sensor input device, an emotion or facial detection device, a biometric input device, e.g., fingerprint or iris scanner, or the like. These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 1804 through an input device interface 1844 that can be coupled to the system bus 1808, but can be connected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, an IEEE 1394 serial port, a game port, a USB port, an IR interface, a BLUETOOTH® interface, etc.
A monitor 1846 or other type of display device can be also connected to the system bus 1808 via an interface, such as a video adapter 1848. In addition to the monitor 1846, a computer typically includes other peripheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers, printers, etc.
The computer 1802 can operate in a networked environment using logical connections via wired and/or wireless communications to one or more remote computers, such as a remote computer(s) 1850. The remote computer(s) 1850 can be a workstation, a server computer, a router, a personal computer, portable computer, microprocessor-based entertainment appliance, a peer device or other common network node, and typically includes many or all of the elements described relative to the computer 1802, although, for purposes of brevity, only a memory/storage device 1852 is illustrated. The logical connections depicted include wired/wireless connectivity to a local area network (LAN) 1854 and/or larger networks, e.g., a wide area network (WAN) 1856. Such LAN and WAN networking environments are commonplace in offices and companies, and facilitate enterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets, all of which can connect to a global communications network, e.g., the Internet.
When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 1802 can be connected to the local network 1854 through a wired and/or wireless communication network interface or adapter 1858. The adapter 1858 can facilitate wired or wireless communication to the LAN 1854, which can also include a wireless access point (AP) disposed thereon for communicating with the adapter 1858 in a wireless mode.
When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 1802 can include a modem 1860 or can be connected to a communications server on the WAN 1856 via other means for establishing communications over the WAN 1856, such as by way of the Internet. The modem 1860, which can be internal or external and a wired or wireless device, can be connected to the system bus 1808 via the input device interface 1844. In a networked environment, program modules depicted relative to the computer 1802 or portions thereof, can be stored in the remote memory/storage device 1852. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are examples and other means of establishing a communications link between the computers can be used.
When used in either a LAN or WAN networking environment, the computer 1802 can access cloud storage systems or other network-based storage systems in addition to, or in place of, external storage devices 1816 as described above. Generally, a connection between the computer 1802 and a cloud storage system can be established over a LAN 1854 or WAN 1856 e.g., by the adapter 1858 or modem 1860, respectively. Upon connecting the computer 1802 to an associated cloud storage system, the external storage interface 1826 can, with the aid of the adapter 1858 and/or modem 1860, manage storage provided by the cloud storage system as it would other types of external storage. For instance, the external storage interface 1826 can be configured to provide access to cloud storage sources as if those sources were physically connected to the computer 1802.
The computer 1802 can be operable to communicate with any wireless devices or entities operatively disposed in wireless communication, e.g., a printer, scanner, desktop and/or portable computer, portable data assistant, communications satellite, any piece of equipment or location associated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g., a kiosk, news stand, store shelf, etc.), and telephone. This can include Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) and BLUETOOTH® wireless technologies. Thus, the communication can be a predefined structure as with a conventional network or simply an ad hoc communication between at least two devices.
As it employed in the subject specification, the term “processor” can refer to substantially any computing processing unit or device comprising, but not limited to comprising, single-core processors; single-processors with software multithread execution capability; multi-core processors; multi-core processors with software multithread execution capability; multi-core processors with hardware multithread technology; parallel platforms; and parallel platforms with distributed shared memory in a single machine or multiple machines. Additionally, a processor can refer to an integrated circuit, a state machine, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a programmable gate array (PGA) including a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic controller (PLC), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. Processors can exploit nano-scale architectures such as, but not limited to, molecular and quantum-dot based transistors, switches and gates, in order to optimize space usage or enhance performance of user equipment. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing processing units. One or more processors can be utilized in supporting a virtualized computing environment. The virtualized computing environment may support one or more virtual machines representing computers, servers, or other computing devices. In such virtualized virtual machines, components such as processors and storage devices may be virtualized or logically represented. For instance, when a processor executes instructions to perform “operations”, this could include the processor performing the operations directly and/or facilitating, directing, or cooperating with another device or component to perform the operations.
In the subject specification, terms such as “datastore,” data storage,” “database,” “cache,” and substantially any other information storage component relevant to operation and functionality of a component, refer to “memory components,” or entities embodied in a “memory” or components comprising the memory. It will be appreciated that the memory components, or computer-readable storage media, described herein can be either volatile memory or nonvolatile storage, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile storage. By way of illustration, and not limitation, nonvolatile storage can include ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), EPROM, EEPROM, or flash memory. Volatile memory can include RAM, which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be available in many forms such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). Additionally, the disclosed memory components of systems or methods herein are intended to comprise, without being limited to comprising, these and any other suitable types of memory.
The illustrated embodiments of the disclosure can be practiced in distributed computing environments where certain tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
The systems and processes described above can be embodied within hardware, such as a single integrated circuit (IC) chip, multiple ICs, an ASIC, or the like. Further, the order in which some or all of the process blocks appear in each process should not be deemed limiting. Rather, it should be understood that some of the process blocks can be executed in a variety of orders that are not all of which may be explicitly illustrated herein.
As used in this application, the terms “component,” “module,” “system,” “interface,” “cluster,” “server,” “node,” or the like are generally intended to refer to a computer-related entity, either hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution or an entity related to an operational machine with one or more specific functionalities. For example, a component can be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, computer-executable instruction(s), a program, and/or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application running on a controller and the controller can be a component. One or more components may reside within a process and/or thread of execution and a component may be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers. As another example, an interface can include input/output (I/O) components as well as associated processor, application, and/or application programming interface (API) components.
Further, the various embodiments can be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof to control a computer to implement one or more embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. An article of manufacture can encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device or computer-readable storage/communications media. For example, computer readable storage media can include but are not limited to magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips . . . ), optical discs (e.g., CD, DVD . . . ), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., card, stick, key drive . . . ). Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize many modifications can be made to this configuration without departing from the scope or spirit of the various embodiments.
In addition, the word “example” or “exemplary” is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word exemplary is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion. As used in this application, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or.” That is, unless specified otherwise, or clear from context, “X employs A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. In addition, the articles “a” and “an” as used in this application and the appended claims should generally be construed to mean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be directed to a singular form.
What has been described above includes examples of the present specification. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methods for purposes of describing the present specification, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of the present specification are possible. Accordingly, the present specification is intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent that the term “includes” is used in either the detailed description or the claims, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as “comprising” is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim.
The subject patent application is related by subject matter to, U.S. Patent Application No. ______ (docket number 133305.02/DELLP856US), filed, and entitled “SOUNDING REFERENCE SIGNAL TRANSMISSION OPTIMIZATION,” which claims priority to Indian Provisional Patent Application No. 20/231,1037849, filed Jun. 1, 2023, and entitled “SOUNDING REFERENCE SIGNAL TRANSMISSION OPTIMIZATION,” the entireties of which applications are hereby incorporated by reference herein. The subject patent application is related by subject matter to, U.S. Patent Application No. ______ (docket number 133901.01/DELLP897US), filed Jun. 1, 2023, and entitled “SOUNDING REFERENCE SIGNAL TRANSMISSION OPTIMIZATION WITH CARRIER AGGREGATION,” the entirety of which application is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
