The technical field of this invention is wireless communication.
Non-synchronized UE 109 also employs non-synchronous random access to request allocation of up-link 111 time or frequency or code resources. If UE 109 has data ready for transmission, which may be traffic data, measurements report, tracking area update, UE 109 can transmit a random access signal on up-link 111. The random access signal notifies base station 101 that UE 109 requires up-link resources to transmit the UE's data. Base station 101 responds by transmitting to UE 109 via down-link 110, a message containing the parameters of the resources allocated for UE 109 up-link transmission along with a possible timing error correction. After receiving the resource allocation and a possible timing advance message transmitted on down-link 110 by base station 101, UE 109 optionally adjusts its transmit timing and transmits the data on up-link 111 employing the allotted resources during the prescribed time interval.
A method of wireless communication including a plurality of fixed basestations and a plurality of mobile user equipment with each basestation transmitting to any user equipment within a corresponding cell a sounding reference signal sub-frame configuration indicating sub-frames when sounding is permitted. Each user equipment recognizes the sounding reference signal sub-frame configuration and sounds only at permitted sub-frames. Differing user equipment may have differing sounding reference signal sub-frame configurations. There are numerous manners to encode the transmitted information.
These and other aspects of this invention are illustrated in the drawings, in which:
Sounding involves exchange of signals between the base station and the connected UE. Each sounding uses a reference resource identifier selected from an available reference resource identifier map h(t, L) and a portion of the spectrum selected from an available spectrum identifier map f(t, N); where L is a group of shared parameters signaled to each UE from the group; and N is a group of shared parameters signaled to each UE from the group. Some examples utilize CAZAC sequences as the reference sequences. CAZAC sequences are complex-valued sequences with: constant amplitude (CA); and zero cyclic autocorrelation (ZAC). Examples of CAZAC sequences include: Chu sequences, Frank-Zadoff sequences, Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences and generalized chirp-like (GCL) sequences. CAZAC (ZC or otherwise) sequences are presently preferred.
In this invention each basestation 101, 102 and 103 transmits a sounding reference signal (SRS) to connected UEs 109. The UE receiving the SRS then conducts sounding in accordance with the SRS sub-frame configuration. In accordance with this invention each UE may operate on a different SRS sounding sub-frame configuration.
The SRS sub-frame configuration is broadcast by basestation 101 in a System Information Block (SIB). This sub-frame configuration indicates which sub-frames are SRS sub-frames. Broadcast of the SRS sub-frame configuration is useful even for UEs 109 which do not transmit any SRS. SRS shouldn't collide with physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission. Thus non-SRS UEs 109 can extract some of their silent symbol periods from the SRS sub-frame configuration. These silent periods are useful for performing some measurements at UE 109. In general each cell 107 and 108 would employ a different SRS sub-frame configuration. Ideally, basestations 101, 102 and 103 would select SRS sub-frame configurations to minimize cross-cell interference.
There are two main ways of signaling and interpreting the SRS sub-frame configuration parameters. Sub-frame configuration can be defined by two parameters: the periodicity TSFC; and the offset ΔSFC. Both UEs 109 and basestation 101 keep a sub-frame counter CSFC permitting UE 109 and basestation 101 to determine which sub-frames are configured for SRS transmission. A sub-frame is an SRS sub-frame if and only if ΔSFC=(CSFC)mod TSFC. The exact range of values of ΔSFC and TSFC need to be defined with the number of bits and encoding for each. For example, TSFC could be selected from the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, . . . , 32} allowing flexible system deployment ΔSFC could be selected from the same set. This yields maximum flexibility, but requires 10 bits of broadcast SIB signaling, which can be very costly. A reduced overhead alternative encodes and signals TSFC first. This requires greatest integer in log2 (TSFC) (ceil [log2 (TSFC)]) bits. The bits required for ΔSFC would be either the ceil[log2(TSFC)] or the least integer in log2 (TSFC) (floor [log2 (TSFC)]) because 0≦ΔSFC<TSFC. This reduces the number of required bits for signaling ΔSFC, but only for certain scenarios where TSFC is small. Another reduced overhead alternative hard codes a value for ΔSFC such as zero. In that case, only TSFC is signaled.
Several examples of combined TSFC, ΔSFC coding are listed in the following tables. In these examples the SRS sub-frame configuration is encoded using either 4 or 5 bits in SIB using joint source coding in TSFC and ΔSFC. Thus a unique 4 or 5 bit combination maps into a particular pair (TSFC, ΔSFC).
Table 2 lists a 4 bit example suitable for use in frequency division duplex (FDD) systems.
In Table 2 a coding of decimal 15 indicates no SRS thus TSFC is infinite, ΔSFC is meaningless and not applicable (NA).
Table 3 lists another 4 bit example suitable for use in FDD systems.
In Table 3 a coding of decimal 15 indicates no SRS thus TSFC is infinite, ΔSFC is meaningless and not applicable (NA).
Table 4 lists a 5 bit example suitable for use in FDD systems.
In Table 4 codings decimal 29 and 30 are optional and not defined in this example. In Table 4 a coding of decimal 31 indicates no SRS thus TSFC is infinite, ΔSFC is meaningless and not applicable (NA).
Table 5 lists another 5 bit example suitable for use in FDD systems.
In Table 5 a coding of decimal 31 indicates no SRS thus TSFC is infinite, ΔSFC is meaningless and not applicable (NA).
Table 6 lists another 5 bit example suitable for use in FDD systems.
In Table 6 codings decimal 29 and 30 are optional and not defined in this example. In Table 6 a coding of decimal 31 indicates no SRS thus TSFC is infinite, ΔSFC is meaningless and not applicable (NA).
Table 7 lists a 4 bit example suitable for use in time division duplex (TDD) systems.
In Table 7 codings decimal 1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13 and 14 are encoded with respect to Uplink Pilot Transmission Slot (UpPTS) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. If UpPTS contains two OFDM symbols: 1(a) means the first OFDM symbol is used for SRS to determine ΔSFC; and 1(b) means the second of OFDM symbol is used for SRS to determine ΔSFC. In Table 7 a coding of decimal 15 indicates no SRS thus TSFC is infinite, ΔSFC is meaningless and not applicable (NA).
Table 8 lists a 5 bit example suitable for use in TDD systems.
In Table 8 codings decimal 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 15, 16, 17, 23, 24 and 25 are encoded with respect to UpPTS OFDM symbols. If UpPTS contains two OFDM symbols: 1(a) means the first OFDM symbol is used for SRS to determine ΔSFC; 1(b) means the second of OFDM symbol is used for SRS to determine ΔSFC; and 1(a)+1(b) means that both OFDM symbols are used for SRS to determine ΔSFC. In Table 8 a coding of decimal 31 indicates no SRS thus TSFC is infinite, ΔSFC is meaningless and not applicable (NA). For TDD, if the SRS sub-frame period is 1, all UL sub-frames and UpPTS can contain SRS. If UpPTS is used for short random access channel (RACH) transmission in some sub-frames, then there is no SRS. Thus basestation 101 does not assign any SRS UEs in RACH UpPTS sub-frames.
Table 9 lists another 5 bit example suitable for use in TDD systems.
In Table 9 codings decimal 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 12 to 17, 20 to 25, 28, 29 and 30 are encoded with respect to UpPTS OFDM symbols. If UpPTS contains two OFDM symbols: 1(a) means the first OFDM symbol is used for SRS to determine ΔSFC; 1(b) means the second of OFDM symbol is used for SRS to determine ΔSFC; and 1(a)+1(b) means that both OFDM symbols are used for SRS to determine ΔSFC. In Table 8 a coding of decimal 31 indicates no SRS thus TSFC is infinite, ΔSFC is meaningless and not applicable (NA).
Table 10 lists another 4 bit example suitable for use in FDD systems. Sounding reference signal sub-frames are the sub-frames satisfying └ns/2┘ mod TSFCεΔSFC.
Table 11 lists another 4 bit example suitable for use in TDD systems. Sounding reference signal sub-frames are the sub-frames satisfying └ns/2┘ mod TSFCεΔSFC. Sounding reference signals are transmitted only in configured UL sub-frames or UpPTS.
For TDD, a SRS sub-frame period of 1 means that all UL sub-frames and UpPTS can contain SRS. If UpPTS is used for short RACH transmission in some sub-frames, then there is no SRS. Thus basestation 101 does not assign any SRS UEs in RACH UpPTS sub-frames. For TDD, it is not clear how to have SRS sub-frame configuration with period 2.
Broadcasting both ΔSFC and TSFC supports flexible SRS sub-frame configuration. Different values of ΔSFC can be assigned in different cells. Thus SRS transmission in one cell does not interfere with a neighboring cells. Because the set of UL sub-frames varies with DL/UL sub-frame configuration, ΔSFC is needed for SRS sub-frame configuration in TDD. Note binary tree 300 illustrates in
In another embodiment of the invention, the pair (ΔSFC, TSFC) is coded jointly (source encoding) and broadcast in the SIB. In this embodiment the tree structure is not necessary. For example, if TSFC takes on values from the set (1, 2, 4, 5, 10) ms, then there are 1+2+4+5+10=22 possible values for the combination (ΔSFC, TSFC). Each one of these combinations is mapped to a unique number Y out 22 numbers and can be represented by 5 bits. Broadcasting the unique number identifies the (ΔSFC, TSFC) pair. Broadcasting the unique number could be in binary. In this example, 5 bits are need to represent the 22 possible values of Y. One option maps the range of Y into TSFC. Then (Y)mod TSFC identifies ΔSFC.
Suppose TSFC can have values from the set (A1, A2, . . . , AN) ms. There are A1+A2+ . . . +AN values for the communicated number Y. This requires ceil[log2(A1+A2+ . . . +AN)] bits to represent. The values of TSFC and ΔSFC are encoded as follows. If Y is in the range 1 to A1 then TSFC is A1. If Y is in the range 1+A1 to A1+A2 then TSFC is A2. If Y is in the range 1+A1+ . . . +AK to A1+ . . . +AK+AK+1 then TSFC is AK+1. The value of ΔSFC is determined as (Y)mod TSFC. Any remaining values of Y which do not map into (ΔSFC, TSFC) can be used to communicate re-configuration, one-shot SRS or other options.
In another embodiment of the invention, the SRS sub-frame configuration may not be exactly qui-spaced. In this embodiment introduces another parameter δSFC. Then, the SRS sub-frames are the sub-frames CSFC for which any of the following equations hold:
ΔSFC=CSFC mod TSFC
1+ΔSFC=CSFC mod TSFC
2+ΔSFC=CSFC mod TSFC
δSFC+ΔSFC=CSFC mod TSFC
The value of the parameter δSFC can be pre-determined and fixed. In this case the value of δSFC can be inferred from the cell ID. Alternatively, the value of δSFC can be signaled in the SIB. As a further alternative, the value of δSFC can be encoded jointly or separately with TSFC and ΔSFC.
In other embodiments of the invention, multiple values for TSFC, ΔSFC and δSFC are possible. These values can also be broadcast via SIB.
RRC signaled SRS timing parameters include: duration having a range from one-shot to infinite; periodicity indicating the SRS transmission period from the UE 109; and sub-frame offset identifying the offset within the SRS transmission period from the UE.
In a first embodiment the RRC overhead for SRS timing parameters include: duration is one-shot to infinite and can be encoded in one bit; periodicity selected from (2, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320) ms which can be encoded in 3 bits; and sub-frame offset which must be designed according to the worst case of the longest possible periodicity thus requiring ceil [log2 (320)] or 9 bits to encode. Thus the number of UE specific bits signaled via RRC to describe the SRS configuration in this example equals 1+3+9=13 bits. Since the cell wide sub-frame configuration is separate from the UE specific parameters listed above, there are either two possibilities.
The number of bits and source encoding required for UE specific parameters could depend on the actual sub-frame configuration transmitted via SIB. For example, if the sub-frame configuration notes every sub-frame is an SRS sub-frame, then 1+3+9=13 bits are required to specify the UE specific parameters. Alternatively, if the sub-frame configuration notes that every tenth sub-frame is an SRS sub-frame, then a smaller number of bits would be required to specify the UE specific parameters. This approach is more cumbersome. It likely would require a different definition of RRC configured parameters, depending on the sub-frame configuration. This would disadvantageously further complicate the specification. The number of bits required for UE specific RRC parameters can be independent of the actual sub-frame configuration transmitted via SIB.
The worst case sub-frame configuration is when all sub-frames are SRS sub-frames. The number of RRC configured SRS timing parameters is this worst case is 1+3+9=13 bits.
In the second option there are two SRS periods that are not multiples of each other and cannot be multiplexed on a common SRS (frequency) resource. Possible SRS periods are selected from the set (2, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320) ms. Thus, since 2 ms and 5 ms cannot be multiplexed, any given SRS resource should be shared either with periodicities selected from the set S1 (5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320) ms or set S2 (2, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320) ms.
Table 12 lists the relationship between SRS periodicity TSFC and the node index for set S1. The SRS periodicity TSFC can be extracted from the node index via a look-up table and a few comparisons. The SRS offset ΔSFC can be extracted by performing (Node_Index)mod TSFC. Thus SRS periodicity TSFC and the SRS offset ΔSFC are easily found from node index.
Table 13 lists the relationship between SRS periodicity TSFC and the node index for set S2 for two alternative codings. The SRS periodicity TSFC can be extracted from the node index via a look-up table and a few comparisons. The SRS offset ΔSFC can be extracted by performing (Node_Index)mod TSFC. Thus SRS periodicity TSFC and the SRS offset ΔSFC are easily found from node index.
The designation of which tree is used (set S1 or set S2) can be implicitly tied to some other system parameter. For example, set S1 may be used for TDD and set S2 used for FDD. This choice may be tied to some alternate system parameters, broadcast via SIB or tied to some specific values of SRS sub-frame configuration. Thus the number of required RRC signaling bits can be reduced from 13 bits to 11 bits. This is about a 15% overhead reduction. This overhead reduction carries no penalty and is achieved by employing efficient source encoding of the periodicity and sub-frame offset. This set of embodiments reduces SIB and RRC signaling overhead for parameters related to SRS timing using efficient data structures such as trees. This overhead reduction is especially important for SIB signaling due to coverage issues.
The RRC signaled UE specific SRS timing parameters of this invention include: duration from one-shot to infinite; periodicity T(SFC, UE) for the particular UE 109; sub-frame Offset Δ(SFC, UE) within the SRS transmission period from UE 109. The UE 109 transmits SRS in sub-frames for which the counter CSFC satisfies Δ(SFC, UE)=(CSFC)mod TSFC, UE. There are several methods to signal TSFC, UE and ΔSFC, UE to UEs 109.
In a first option defining SRS RRC timing parameters the total RRC overhead for SRS timing parameters is similar to that described above: duration is one-shot to infinite and can be encoded in one bit; periodicity selected from (2, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320) ms which can be encoded in 3 bits; and sub-frame offset which must be designed according to the worst case of the longest possible periodicity thus requiring ceil[log2(320)] or 9 bits to encode. Thus the number of UE specific bits signaled via RRC to describe the SRS configuration in this example equals 1+3+9=13 bits. Since the cell wide sub-frame configuration is separate from the UE specific parameters listed above, there are either two possibilities.
Table 14 lists a 5 bit example suitable for use UE specific SRS sub-frame configurations.
In Table 14 a coding of decimal 31 indicates no SRS thus TSFC is infinite, ΔSFC is meaningless and not applicable (NA).
Table 15 lists a 4 bit example suitable for use UE specific SRS sub-frame configurations.
In Table 15 a coding of decimal 15 indicates no SRS thus TSFC is infinite, ΔSFC is meaningless and not applicable (NA).
Table 16 lists a first 3 bit example suitable for use UE specific SRS sub-frame configurations.
In Table 16 a coding of decimal 8 indicates no SRS thus TSFC is infinite, ΔSFC is meaningless and not applicable (NA).
Table 17 lists a second 3 bit example suitable for use UE specific SRS sub-frame configurations.
In a second option, the number of bits and source encoding required for UE specific parameters could depend on the actual sub-frame configuration transmitted via SIB. For example, if the sub-frame configuration notes every sub-frame is an SRS sub-frame, then 1+3+9=13 bits are required to specify the UE specific parameters. Alternatively, if the sub-frame configuration notes that every tenth sub-frame is an SRS sub-frame, then a smaller number of bits would be required to specify the UE specific parameters. This approach is more cumbersome. It likely would require a different definition of RRC configured parameters, depending on the sub-frame configuration. This would disadvantageously further complicate the specification. The number of bits required for UE specific RRC parameters can be independent of the actual sub-frame configuration transmitted via SIB. The worst case sub-frame configuration is when all sub-frames are SRS sub-frames. The number of RRC configured SRS timing parameters is this worst case is 1+3+9=13 bits.
The number of bits required for UE specific RRC parameters can be independent of the actual sub-frame configuration as signaled by SIB. The worst case sub-frame configuration is when all sub-frames are SRS sub-frames. The number of RRC configured SRS timing parameters is this worst case is 1+3+9=13 bits.
The amount of RRC signaling overhead needed to communicate the UE specific SRS configuration can be reduced as follows. The set of SRS periods T(SFC, UE)(1) <T(SFC, UE)(2) <. . . <T(SFC, UE)(K) has already been defined. For example, suppose this set is (2, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320) ms including K=8 possible SRS periods. Using this set of SRS periods, the specification can define the switch-point numbers N(1)<N(2)<. . . <N(K)<N(K +1) as follows. These numbers are defined as N(1)=0 and N(k +1) is recursively defined as N(k)+T(SFC, UE)(k), where integer k ranges from 1 to K. This recursion produces N(2)=2, N(3)=7, N(4)=17, N(5)=37, N(6)=(77), N(7)=(157), N(8)=317, N(9)=637 for the switching point numbers.
A configuration index N is signaled to UE 109 using the RRC. The UE 109 finds the unique index k for which N(k)≦N<N(k+1). The sub-frame period is T(SFC, UE)=T(SFC, UE) (k) and the offset is Δ(SFC, UE)=N−N(k). Thus if configuration index N=35 is signaled to UE 109, UE 109 determines 17=N(4)≦N<N(5)=37. Thus the derived index is k=4. UE 109 will use T(SFC, UE) (4)=20 ms and Δ(SFC, UE)=N−N(4)=18.
Since the largest switch point is N(9)=637, the number of bits needed to signal the configuration is ceil[log2(637)]=10 bits. Including the bit which selects a duration between one-shot and infinite, a total of 11 bits are needed for UE specific SRS configuration. This reduces the number of required RRC signaling bits from 13 bits to 11 bits. This is a 15% overhead reduction. This overhead reduction carries no penalty and is achieved by employing efficient source encoding of the periodicity and sub-frame offset.
In a still further embodiment of the invention, basestation 101 signals the SRS configuration index to UE 109 using DL signaling. UE 109 receives the configuration index and infers the SRS sub-frame period and the offset. This jointly encodes the SRS sub-frame period and offset in the configuration index.
In yet further embodiment of the invention, one sub-frame carries more than one sounding reference signal (SRS). For example, in evolved-UMTS radio access (EUTRA) configurations for TDD, the sub-frame carrying the UpPTS field can carry two SRS (OFDM) symbols. When using TDD, the basestation 101 informs UE 109 which OFDM symbol should be used for SRS transmission. An additional bit may be added to signal specifically which OFDM symbol of the sub-frame should be used for SRS transmission. UE 109 infers sub-frame as before, but the additional bit informs UE 109 which OFDM symbol is used for SRS transmission. For example, if this bit is 0, the first possible SRS symbol of the signaled sub-frame is used. If this bit is 1, then the second possible SRS symbol of the signaled sub-frame is used. In other embodiments, two bits are used to signal UE 109 whether first possible OFDM symbol is used for SRS, whether second possible OFDM symbol is used for SRS, or whether both possible OFDM symbols are used for SRS.
In a still further embodiment a 2-bit overhead reduction can be made by signaling the SRS periodicity TSFC and SRS offset ΔSFC through the SRS configuration index as follows. The SRS configuration index is RRC signaled using 9 bits. UE 109 uses a look-up table to determine a range encompassing the SRS configuration index. This range is uniquely mapped to a SRS periodicity TSFC using the same row of the look-up table. The SRS offset ΔSFC is the SRS configuration index—begin. This same signaling type can be applied to CQI reporting. Table 18 lists an example look-up table.
Consider the following example. A Example: SRS configuration index of 58 is signaled from basestation 101 to UE 109. Table 18 shows that index 58 falls within the range 37 to 76. This row lists a SRS periodicity TSFC of 40 ms. Offset SRS offset ΔSFC is the signaled index 58 minus the range beginning of 37.
This invention exploits possibilities of reducing UE specific RRC signaling overhead for parameters related to SRS.
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119(e)(1) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/048,746 filed Apr. 29, 2008, U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/051,457 filed May 8, 2008 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/052,356 filed May 12, 2009.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
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20090042616 | Teo et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
Entry |
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3GPP TS 36.211 V8.2.0. , May 3, 2008. |
3GPP R1-080900, “Physical-layer parameters to be configured by RRC,” Ericsson , Feb. 2008. |
3GPP TS 36.213 V8.2.0. , May 3, 2008. |
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20090274076 A1 | Nov 2009 | US |
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61048746 | Apr 2008 | US | |
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