Speaker apparatus and reproduction apparatus

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a U.S. National Phase of International Patent Application No. PCT/JP2017/040284 filed on Nov. 8, 2017, which claims priority benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. JP 2016-244364 filed in the Japan Patent Office on Dec. 16, 2016. Each of the above-referenced applications is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present technology relates to a wearable speaker such as a neck hanging speaker, and a reproduction apparatus using a speaker apparatus.

BACKGROUND ART

When listening to music through headphones, the sound may be localized in the center of the head, which causes discomfort and fatigue in some cases. A speaker apparatus, e.g., a stationary speaker apparatus does not cause such a problem. However, there has been a problem that such a speaker cannot be carried or a person other than the listener (hereinafter, referred to as “listener”) may hear the sound. In consideration of such a point, a neck hanging speaker apparatus (hereinafter, referred to as “neck-speaker”) has been proposed (see, for example, the following Patent Literature 1).

The neck-speaker described in Patent Literature 1 has a configuration in which speakers are accommodated in cases each having a sound emitting hole and the two cases are connected by a neck hanging unit, and a sound of the speaker reaches both ears of the listener via the upper sound emitting hole.

CITATION LIST
Patent Literature

Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 1994-178384

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
Technical Problem

The neck-speaker described in Patent Literature 1 localizes a sound image at the center position from the sound of the right and left speaker apparatuses in front of the position of the ear of the listener. With such a configuration, there is a problem that unless the volume of the sound emitted from the speaker is increased, the listener cannot listen to a large reproduction sound, resulting in poor efficiency. Further, there is a problem that the volume cannot be increased when there is another person in the surroundings. Further, increasing the aperture of the speaker apparatus causes disadvantages such as an increase in weight and an increase in the area occupied by the speaker.

In this regard, it is an object of the present technology to provide a speaker apparatus and a reproduction apparatus that are capable of improving the efficiency, in which changes in the volume and sound quality due to deviation of the relative positions of the speaker and the ear are small and the sound is less likely to leak outside.

Solution to Problem

The present technology is a speaker apparatus, including:

a pair of speaker boxes that are attached on both ends of an attached band having a curved surface, the pair of speaker boxes substantially facing each other;

a pair of speaker units attached on one surface of the respective speaker boxes in such a way that an axial direction is directed inward or outward; and

a sound guiding unit that converts a radiation direction of a sound reproduced from each of the speaker units.

Further, the present technology is a reproduction apparatus, including:

a signal processing unit that processes an audio signal; and

a speaker apparatus, in which

- the speaker apparatus includes
- a pair of speaker boxes that are attached on both ends of an attached band having a curved surface, the pair of speaker boxes substantially facing each other,
- a pair of speaker units attached on one surface of the respective speaker boxes in such a way that an axial direction is directed inward or outward, and
- a sound guiding unit that converts a radiation direction of a sound reproduced from each of the speaker units.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the present technology, a sound is not localized at the center of the head unlike headphones, and oppression feeling and fatigue feeling can be reduced. Since a sound is transmitted to the ear of the listener through a sound guiding unit, it is possible to improve the efficiency and the listener is capable of listening to a powerful reproduction sound. Further, with the sound guiding unit, it is possible to reduce the changes in the volume and sound quality due to deviation of the relative positions of the speaker and the ear. Further, it is possible to reduce the sound that can be heard by a person other than the listener, which causes no trouble to the surroundings. It should be noted that the effect described here is not necessarily limitative and may be any effect described in the present technology or an effect different from these.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D are each a schematic diagram used for describing deviation of relative positions of a speaker and an ear in forward and backward directions.

FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram used for describing deviation of relative positions of the speaker and the ear in forward and backward directions, which is caused by the thickness of the shoulder of the listener, and FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram used for describing deviation of relative positions of the speaker and the ear in right and left directions.

FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D are each a schematic diagram for describing that sound changes depending on the relative positions of the speaker and the ear when the speaker is placed upward.

FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C are each a schematic diagram for describing a method of improving directivity in the case where the speaker is directed to the outside in the right and left directions.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are each a schematic diagram for describing a method of improving directivity in the case where the speaker is directed to the outside in the right and left directions.

FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C are each a schematic diagram used for describing a solution method of variations and changes in positions of the ear in forward and backward directions

FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 7C are each a schematic diagram used for describing a solution method of inclination of a speaker box, which is caused by the thickness of the shoulder of the listener.

FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D are respectively a perspective view, a top view, a front view, and a side view in which a right-side plate is removed, which are used for describing outline of the present technology.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are respectively a front view and a perspective view used for describing outline of the present technology.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an appearance example of a neck speaker according to one embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an attached status of the neck speaker according to one embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the neck speaker according to one embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the neck speaker according to one embodiment.

FIGS. 14A, 14B, and 14C are diagrams showing a configuration example of the neck speaker according to one embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a passive radiator according to one embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram for describing an electrical configuration example of the neck speaker according to one embodiment.

FIGS. 17A, 17B, 17C, and 17D are each a diagram for describing an example of an effect achieved by providing the passive radiator.

FIGS. 18A and 18B are each a diagram for describing an example of an effect achieved by providing the passive radiator.

FIG. 19 is a diagram for describing a modified example.

FIG. 20 is a diagram for describing a modified example.

FIGS. 21A and 21B are each a diagram for describing a modified example.

FIG. 22 is a diagram for describing a modified example.

MODE(S) FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, an embodiment and the like of the present technology will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that descriptions will be made in the order described below.

<1. Problem Requiring Consideration about Neck Speaker>

<2. Description of Outline of Present Technology>

<3. Embodiment>

<4. Modified Example>

The embodiment and the like described below are preferable specific examples of the present technology, and content of the present technology is not limited to the embodiment and the like.

Moreover, hereinafter, to prevent illustration from being complicated, only a part of a structure will sometimes be denoted by reference symbols, and a part of a structure will sometimes be simplified and shown.

1. Problem Requiring Consideration about Neck Speaker

As an example of the neck speaker, a speaker apparatus where left and right speaker boxes on which left and right speaker units are attached are attached on both ends of a band for neck hanging will be considered. In other words, the one speaker box is put on each of the left and right shoulders of a listener respectively, and sounds from the speaker are radiated upward such that the listener may listen to the sounds with the left and right ears.

In the case of the speaker apparatus having such a configuration, as shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D, there is a problem that the relative positions of the right and left speakers and the ears of the listener are not fixed. In order to place a speaker box 1 on the shoulder, it is necessary to have a means for stably fixing this on the shoulder, and designs or methods in which the speaker box 1 does not fall or deviate even when the listener slightly moves are necessary. This is possible by a method such as attaching two speaker box 1 to both ends of a curved band 2 passing behind the neck, and hanging it on the neck.

However, as shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D, the relative positions of the speaker and the ear change differ depending on the person due to the physical size of the listener (specifically, thickness of the shoulder), and the relative positions of the speaker and the ear change just in the case where the speaker box 1 is placed on a deviated position of the shoulder or the listener shakes his/her head. The variation in relative positions of the speaker and the ear and the change in frequency characteristics cause differences in the volume of sound that enters the ear and how it sounds, it is difficult to achieve a speaker that sounds good even if anyone hears it, and there is a problem that the sound changes and deteriorates when the listener shakes his/her head.

Regarding the amount of variation in the speaker and the ear in forward and backward directions, the position of the ear moves back and forth by approximately ±3 cm when the speaker shakes his/her head lightly. The diameter of a small person's neck is 4 cm, and the diameter of a big person's neck is not less than 8 cm. With reference to the back of the neck, the difference between them is not less than 4 cm. By adding the change 6 cm caused when the speaker shakes his/her head thereto, the position of the ear changes by not less than 10 cm.

Also the width of the shoulder affects the problem that the relative positions of the speaker and the ear are not fixed. As shown in FIG. 2A, in the case of a method such as hanging it on the neck, the angle of the speaker box 1 with respect to the horizontal direction changes by the thickness of the shoulder, and the speaker box 1 tils forward as the width of the shoulder is narrower. FIG. 2A shows an example in which the thickness of the shoulder increases sequentially from the listener on the leftmost side to the listener on the rightmost side in the figure. The height from the shoulder to the ear differs depending on the listener. Considering also this fact, larger variations occur in the relative positions of the speaker and the ear. Also the position of the speaker on the shoulder affects the problem that the relative positions of the speaker and the ear are not fixed. As shown in FIG. 2B, in the case of a method such as hanging it on the neck, the relative positions change also depending on the position of the shoulder on which the speaker box 1 is placed in the right and left directions. The height from the shoulder to the ear differs depending on the listener. Considering also this fact, larger variations occur in the relative positions of the speaker and the ear.

The fact that the sound changes by variations in the relative positions of the speaker and the ear of the listener as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D. As shown in FIG. 3A, the speaker has directivity. With reference to the listening position of the speaker in the front direction, the sound pressure decreases as it deviates from the front direction, and the frequency characteristics in the high frequency range change. Further, between the sound from the front of the ear and the sound from behind the ear, the sound pressure and the timbre change in accordance with the position of the speaker by the influence of the positional relationship between ear pinnae and ear canal, and how it sounds changes. Due to these two factors, the sound changes depending on the relative positions of the speaker and the ear in the case where the speaker is placed on the shoulder upward. FIG. 3B shows the characteristic change due to the difference in the position in forward and backward directions, FIG. 3C shows the characteristic change due to the difference in the thickness of the shoulder, and FIG. 3D shows the characteristic change due to the difference in the position in the right and left directions.

If the function of adjusting the position and angle of the speaker box 1 is provided, it is possible to solve the problem of sound change due to the difference in physique. However, there is still a problem, for example, when the listener shakes his/her head. Further, it takes time and effort for the user to make adjustment, and learning is necessary for performing optimum adjustment. Therefore, it is an object of the present technology to provide a speaker apparatus in which the timbre is less likely to change due to variations in the relative positions of the speaker and the ear.

As shown in FIG. 4A, in the case where the speaker box 1 is placed on the shoulder of the listener with the sound radiation surface of the speaker box 1 directed upward, the timbre changes due to variations in the relative positions of the speaker and the ear as described above. In this regard, as shown in FIG. 4B and FIG. 4C, the radiation direction of the sound of the speaker box 1 (i.e., the axial direction of the speaker unit) is made substantially horizontal so that the sound is radiated outward from the speaker box 1, and a reflection plate 3 is provided on the front surface of the cone diaphragm of the speaker box 1. A sound is emitted from the gap between the speaker box 1 and the reflection plate 3. In this way, regarding the sound emitted from the gap, there is substantially no influence of the directivity at the positions where the distances from the position (center position) of the speaker axis are equal to each other, and the characteristic change can be reduced in forward and backward directions. Further, the characteristic change due to the thickness of the shoulder of the listener can be reduced.

2. Description of Outline of Present Technology

However, as shown in FIG. 5A, in the case where the radiation direction of the sound is changed by the reflection plate 3, the sound is emitted in the direction of 360 degrees, and the energy of the sound is wasted. Further, mainly the sound that has been emitted downward is reflected on the shoulder or the like and disturbs the sound quality, and sound leakage to the surroundings also increases. In this regard, as shown in FIG. 5B, a semicircular recess 4 that causes the sound of the speaker to be directed upward is formed. The recess 4 has a shape in which the upper side is opened and the lower half is closed in a semicircular shape. With the recess 4, it is possible to cause the sound of the speaker to be directed upward (in the direction of the ear of the listener), and prevent the energy of the sound from being wasted.

As described above, although the problem of the directivity of the speaker in forward and backward directions is solved, as it is, there is still a problem of variations in the position the ear in forward and backward directions as shown in FIG. 6A. As one solution method, as shown in FIG. 6B, two speaker boxes 1 (speakers) are arranged in forward and backward directions. This method has a drawback that frequency interference occurs between the two speakers, the frequency characteristics change, and the frequency characteristics change depending on the relative positions of the speakers and the ear. As a more favorable solution method, as shown in FIG. 6C, by extending the speaker box 1 and the reflection plate 3 in forward and backward directions to prolong the aperture unit, it is possible to make the sound output to the upward direction uniform in forward and backward directions.

As described above, a difference in inclination of the speaker box 1 in the forward direction is generated due to the difference in the width of the shoulder, or the like. In the case of placing the speaker box 1 on the shoulder with the rear part of the neck as a fulcrum, and placing the speaker box 1 horizontally on the shoulder of the listener as shown in FIG. 7A, the position of the speaker box 1 is likely to be unstable. For this reason, if the speaker box 1 is designed to tilt forward to some extent from the beginning as shown in FIG. 7B, it is possible to stably attach the speaker box 1 on the shoulder. In this regard, if the speaker box 1 tilts forward while the speaker unit is placed at the center of the box, the center position (most favorable position) of the range of the sound in forward and backward directions deviates from the direction of the ear.

In this regard, as shown in FIG. 7C, the position of the speaker unit is moved forward from the center position of the speaker box 1 in forward and backward directions, and the shape of the recess 4 is set accordingly. In other words, the recess 4 has a shape in which the width in the height direction is narrowed from the region facing the speaker unit toward the front side and the back side. With such a configuration, the range of the sound having good characteristics shifts behind the speaker box 1, and the direction of the sound can be adjusted to the direction of the ear. Further, with this configuration, it is possible to not only achieve stable attachment because a heavy speaker unit is located in front of the point at which the shoulder as a fulcrum and the box are in contact with each other, but also alleviate the variation in inclination of the speaker box 1 due to the difference in the width of the shoulder because the best range of the sound in which the speaker unit is separated from the ear widens. If the listener warped the body later, the speaker apparatus falls in the case where the weighted position of the speaker unit, which is a heavy object, is behind the fulcrum. However, in the case where the speaker unit is located in front, the weighted position is not moved behind the fulcrum unless the listener warps the body more, thereby making it difficult for the speaker apparatus to fall.

As a result of the consideration described above, one of a right channel speaker apparatus and a left channel speaker apparatus according to one embodiment of the present technology, e.g., a right channel speaker apparatus has a configuration as schematically shown in FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D. In the configuration shown in FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D, the speaker box 1 and the reflection plate 3 are integrally formed with a common case 11 formed by resin molding. FIG. 8A is a perspective view of the speaker apparatus, FIG. 8B is a top view of the speaker apparatus, FIG. 8C is a front view of the speaker apparatus, and FIG. 8D is a side view of the speaker apparatus in which a right-side plate 12 is removed. In FIG. 8D, the shape of a recess 14 is represented by a long dashed double-short dashed line. Note that the reflection plate 3 (the right-side plate 12) and the corn surface of the speaker unit do not necessarily need to be in parallel to each other, and the reflection plate 3 may be oblique so as to expand upward.

As an example, a speaker unit 13 is a dynamic speaker including a cone diaphragm, and is attached to a baffle plate parallel to the right-side plate 12. The recess 14 for guiding the sound upward is formed on the surface of the right-side plate 12 facing the diaphragm of the speaker unit 13, and a slit 15 is formed above the recess 14. The recess 14 and the slit 15 constitute a sound guiding unit. The recess 14 is formed so that the region facing the diaphragm of the speaker unit 13 has the maximum width in the height direction and the width gradually decreases toward the front side and back side of the right-side plate. The slit 15 is formed above the recess 14.

The outlet of the sound of the speaker box 1 is the slit 15. In accordance with general physical law, a diffraction phenomenon occurs. As shown in FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B, sound waves uniform in the right and left directions are emitted as compared with the case where the speaker is directed upward. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the change in how it sounds even in the case where the position where the speaker box 1 is placed deviates in the right and left directions. There have been several speakers to be placed on the neck or the shoulder. In any of these speakers, basically, the sound quality/volume changes due to deviation of the position. In particular, in the case where speakers are arranged on the right and left in the stereo, the balance between sound quality and volume on the right and left is likely to collapse, and it has been difficult to listen to the sound of high sound quality. In accordance with the present technology, since the changes in sound quality and volume due to deviation of the position are suppressed, it is possible to realize a neck speaker with better sound quality to be hung on the neck or placed on the shoulder, in the sound itself or sound making. Further, since the sound field is collected in the direction of the ear, sound leakage to the surroundings can be relatively reduced.

As an example, the slit 15 favorably has a length of not less than 8 cm in forward and backward directions of the listener. The width of the slit 15 is set to approximately 4 mm to 25 mm. For example, the width is 6 mm. Further, in order to prevent foreign matters such as garbage, dust, and liquid from entering from the slit 15, the slit 15 may be covered with a punch plate (plate with fine holes), cloth, or the like. Further, a support column for maintaining the width of the slit 15 may be added. Further, instead of the slit 15, an aperture having a shape such as an elliptical hole may be formed.

3. Embodiment

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present technology will be described in detail. An embodiment of the present technology will be described by using a neck speaker as an example of a wearable speaker apparatus (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as wearable speaker). Note that the wearable speaker is, for example, a speaker apparatus having a size that can be carried, which is to be placed around (in the vicinity of) a human body.

[Example of Outer Appearance of Neck Speaker]

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an outer appearance of a neck speaker 100 according to an embodiment. The neck speaker 100 includes a neck hanging unit 10 as an example of an attached band, a right-side speaker unit 20 connected to one end side of the neck hanging unit 10, and a left-side speaker unit 30 connected to the other end side of the neck hanging unit 10. The neck speaker 100 constitutes a two-channel audio reproduction system as a whole.

As shown in FIG. 11, for example, the neck speaker 100 is used in a status where the neck hanging unit 10 is hung on the back side of the neck of a listener L, the right-side speaker unit 20 is brought into contact with (placed on) the vicinity of the right shoulder of the listener L, and the left-side speaker unit 30 is brought into contact with the vicinity of the left side of the listener L. At this time, the opposite side (hereinafter, referred to as tip side) to the connection point of the right-side speaker unit 20 with the neck hanging unit 10 slightly tilts toward the front of the listener L. Similarly, the tip side of the left-side speaker unit 30 slightly tilts toward the front of the listener L. The sound is reproduced from the neck speaker 100 in an attached status shown in FIG. 11. The sound only needs to be bearable by a person's ear, such as human voice and music. Note that in the following description, directions such as upward and downward directions, forward and backward directions, right and left direction, inside and outside directions, a horizontal direction, and a vertical direction are defined with reference to the listener L in the attached status of the neck speaker 100.

[Configuration Example of Neck Speaker]

Next, a configuration example of the neck speaker 100 will be specifically described with reference to also FIGS. 12,13, 14A, 14B, 14C, and FIG. 15 in addition to FIG. 10. FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an internal configuration example of the right and left speaker units. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the overall view of the neck speaker 100 shown in FIG. 10 and the partial cross-sectional view of the neck speaker 100 shown in FIG. 12. FIG. 14A is a diagram for describing an internal configuration example of the right-side speaker unit 20, FIG. 14B is a diagram of the right-side speaker unit 20 viewed from inside, and FIG. 14C is a diagram for describing a configuration example of a sound guiding unit described below. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a passive radiator of the neck speaker 100.

The neck hanging unit 10 has a U-shape in a plan view. The neck hanging unit 10 is formed of, for example, resin, and has flexibility. A part of the neck hanging unit 10 may contain metal. For example, when the operation of separating the right-side speaker unit 20 and the left-side speaker unit 30 from each other is performed, the interval between the right-side speaker unit 20 and the left-side speaker unit 30 can be expanded in accordance with the operation.

The right-side speaker unit 20 includes a speaker box 201, a full-range dynamic speaker unit 202, a passive radiator 203, and a sound guiding unit 210.

The speaker box 201 is formed of, for example, resin, and has a box-like shape. The speaker box 201 has a surface 201A facing outward in the attached status, and a side surface 201B opposite to the side surface 201A, which faces inward in the attached status. The side surfaces 201A and 201B each have such a shape that two opposing sides in a rectangle are replaced with a semicircle, and form a track-like shape such as an athletics stadium.

In the speaker box 201, an audio space 201C is formed. The speaker unit 202 is attached to the side surface 201A of the speaker box 201. Specifically, the speaker unit 202 is attached to a position shifted to the front side from the center position of the side surface 201A in forward and backward directions.

The passive radiator 203 is attached to the side surface 201B of the speaker box 201. Specifically, the passive radiator 203 is attached to a position shifted to the back side (closer to the neck hanging unit 10) from the center position of the side surface 201B in forward and backward directions

The passive radiator 203 includes a main body 203A, a diaphragm 203B attached to the main body 203A, and a weight (not shown) attached to the diaphragm. The main body 203A is formed by using vulcanized rubber or non-vulcanized rubber such as isobutene-isoprene rubber (IIR) and acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR).

As shown in FIG. 15, the main body 203A includes a flat part 203C formed substantially at the center, a substantially track-shaped edge 203D formed around the flat part 203C, and a substantially track-shaped outer peripheral part 203E formed around the edge 203D. The diaphragm 203B is attached to the back surface (surface located inside the speaker box 201) of the flat part 203C. A weight for making the mass of the drive system including the diaphragm 203B constant is attached to the back surface of the diaphragm 203B.

The cross section of the edge 203D has a substantially semicircular shape protruding toward the outside of the speaker box 201. The outer peripheral part 203E is attached to a frame (not shown), and the passive radiator 203 is attached to the side surface 201B of the speaker box 201 via the frame. Note that the passive radiator 203 shown in FIG. 15 is an example, and a passive radiator having a shape (e.g., a circular shape) different from the illustrated shape may be used.

The sound guiding unit 210 includes a casing 210A, a sound guiding space 210B that is formed in the casing 210A and connected to the sound radiation surface of the speaker unit 202, a wall unit 210C forming the sound guiding space 210B, and an aperture unit 210D that radiates a sound from the sound guiding space 210B. For example, the configuration including the sound guiding space 210B and the wall unit 210C corresponds to the configuration including the recess and the reflection plate (right-side plate) described above. Further, the aperture unit 210D corresponds to the above-mentioned slit.

The casing 210A has, for example, a box-like shape in which the length (thickness) in upward and downward directions decreases from the front side to the back side. The casing 210A is attached to the speaker box 201 via a screw, vis, or the like. Note that the speaker box 201 and the casing 210A may be integrally formed.

A part of the wall unit 210C gently tilts so as to rise from the front side (tip) to the back side (back end) so that the length of the sound guiding space 210B in the height direction decreases from the front side to the back side corresponding to the shape of the casing 210A.

The aperture unit 210D has a rectangular shape in a plan view, and is formed to extend along the longitudinal direction of the casing 210A. As described above, the length of the aperture unit 210D in forward and backward directions is set to, or example, not less than 8 cm, and the width of the aperture unit 210D in the right and left directions is set to, for example, 4 mm to 25 mm. However, the present technology is not limited thereto. In order to prevent foreign matters such as garbage, dust, and liquid from entering the sound guiding space 210B, the aperture unit 210D is covered with a protective member 210E such as a net and cloth (see FIG. 10). The aperture unit 210D itself may be configured in a fine lattice shape to suppress contamination of foreign matters.

Also the left-side speaker unit 30 has substantially the same configuration as that of the right-side speaker unit 20. The left-side speaker unit 30 includes a speaker box 301, a full-range dynamic speaker unit 302, a passive radiator 303, and a sound guiding unit 310.

The speaker box 301 is formed of, for example, resin, and has a box-like shape. The speaker box 301 has a surface 301A facing outward in the attached status, and a side surface 301B opposite to the side surface 301A, which faces inward in the attached status. The side surfaces 301A and 301B form a track-like shape such as an athletics stadium.

In the speaker box 301, an audio space 301C is formed. The speaker unit 302 is attached to the side surface 301A of the speaker box 301. Specifically, the speaker unit 302 is attached to a position shifted to the front side from the center position of the side surface 301A in forward and backward directions.

The passive radiator 303 is attached to the side surface 301B of the speaker box 301. Specifically, the passive radiator 303 is attached to a position shifted to the back side (closer to the neck hanging unit 10) from the center position of the side surface 301B in forward and backward directions.

Although detailed illustration is omitted, the passive radiator 303 includes a main body, a diaphragm attached to the main body, and a weight attached to the diaphragm, similarly to the passive radiator 203. The main body is formed by using vulcanized rubber or non-vulcanized rubber such as isobutene-isoprene rubber (IIR) and acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR).

The main body includes a flat part formed substantially at the center, a substantially track-shaped edge formed around the flat part, and a substantially track-shaped outer peripheral part formed around the edge. The diaphragm is attached to the back surface (surface located inside the speaker box 301) of the flat part. A weight for making the mass of the drive system including the diaphragm constant is attached to the back surface of the diaphragm.

The cross section of the edge has a substantially semicircular shape protruding toward the outside of the speaker box 301. The outer peripheral part is attached to a frame (not shown), and the passive radiator 303 is attached to the side surface 301B of the speaker box 301 via the frame.

The sound guiding unit 310 includes a casing 310A, a sound guiding space 310B that is formed in the casing 310A and connected to the sound radiation surface of the speaker unit 302, a wall unit 310C forming the sound guiding space 310B, and an aperture unit 310D that radiates a sound from the sound guiding space 310B. For example, the configuration including the sound guiding space 310B and the wall unit 310C corresponds to the configuration including the recess and the reflection plate (right-side plate) described above. Further, the aperture unit 310D corresponds to the above-mentioned slit.

The casing 310A has, for example, a box-like shape in which the length (thickness) in upward and downward directions decreases from the front side to the back side. The casing 310A is attached to the speaker box 301 via a screw, vis, or the like. Note that the speaker box 301 and the casing 310A may be integrally formed.

A part of the wall unit 310C gently tilts so as to rise from the front side (tip) to the back side (back end) so that the length of the sound guiding space 310B in the height direction decreases from the front side to the back side corresponding to the shape of the casing 310A.

The aperture unit 310D has a rectangular shape in a plan view, and is formed to extend along the longitudinal direction of the casing 310A. As described above, the length of the aperture unit 310D in forward and backward directions is set to, or example, not less than 8 cm, and the width of the aperture unit 310D in the right and left directions is set to, for example, 4 mm to 25 mm. However, the present technology is not limited thereto. In order to prevent foreign matters such as garbage, dust, and liquid from entering the sound guiding space 310B, the aperture unit 310D is covered with a protective member 310E such as a net and cloth (see FIG. 10). The aperture unit 310D itself may be configured in a fine lattice shape to suppress contamination of foreign matters.

[Electrical Configuration of Neck Speaker]

Next, an electrical configuration of the neck speaker 100 will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG. 16. In FIG. 16, the solid line indicates the audio signal of the L (Left) channel, the thick dotted line indicates the audio signal of the R (Right) channel, and the thin dotted line indicates a control signal or a command.

The neck speaker 100 includes a processor 41, an antenna 42, an RF (Radio Frequency) reception unit 43, an input terminal 44, an A/D (Analog to Digital) conversion unit 45, an input switching unit 46, a digital signal processing unit 47, an amplifier (AMP) 48L, an amplifier 48R, and a power source 49.

The processor 41 includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit). Further, the processor 41 includes a ROM (Read Only Memory) in which a program to be executed by the processor 41 is stored, a RAM (Random Access Memory) used as a work area, and the like. The processor 41 controls the respective units of the neck speaker 100. For example, a user operation of instructing reproduction or stop of audio, or the like is performed to the operation input unit (not shown) provided in the neck speaker 100. The operation signal generated in accordance with the user operation is input to the processor 41. The processor 41 analyzes the content of the operation signal, and executes control according to the operation signal.

The antenna 42 receives a two-channel audio signal transmitted from an external electronic apparatus in accordance with a predetermined wireless communication standard. Examples of the external electronic apparatus include a personal computer, a smartphone, and a portable audio reproduction apparatus. Further, examples of the predetermined wireless communication standard include a wireless LAN (Local Area Network), Bluetooth (registered trademark), WiFi (registered trademark), and infrared communication.

The audio signal received by the antenna 42 is supplied to an RF reception unit 43. The RF reception unit 43 performs demodulation processing, error correction processing, and the like on the input audio signal. The signal processed by the RF reception unit 43 is supplied to the input switching unit 46.

The input terminal 44 is a terminal for connecting the neck speaker 100 and the external electronic apparatus by wire. The audio signal may be taken into the neck speaker 100 via the input terminal 44.

The A/D conversion unit 45 converts the analog audio signal taken via the input terminal 44 into a digital audio signal.

The input switching unit 46 is a switch for switching between the input of the audio signal from the RF reception unit 43 and the input of the audio signal from the input terminal 44. The input switching unit 46 switches the input in accordance with the control of the processor 41, for example. The audio signal selected by the input switching unit 46 is supplied to the digital signal processing unit 47.

The digital signal processing unit 47 includes, for example, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor). The digital signal processing unit 47 includes, for example, a low-frequency cut filter 47A, an equalizer 47B, and a volume adjustment unit 47C. The low-frequency cut filter 47A is a filter that cuts low-frequency components contained in the audio signal. The equalizer 47B corrects the frequency characteristics of the audio signal, and includes, for example, a secondary IIR (Infinite Impulse Response) filter. The volume adjustment unit 47C adjusts the volume of the sound reproduced from the speaker unit 202 or 302 by adjusting the level of the audio signal.

Among the audio signals on which the signal process by the digital signal processing unit 47 has been performed, the left channel audio signal is supplied to the amplifier 48L. The audio signal amplified by the amplifier 48L with a predetermined amplification factor is reproduced from the speaker unit 302. Among the audio signals on which the signal process by the digital signal processing unit 47 has been performed, the right channel audio signal is supplied to the amplifier 48R. The audio signal amplified by the amplifier 48R with a predetermined amplification factor is reproduced from the speaker unit 202.

The power source 49 includes, for example, a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, and a circuit for charging and discharging, and the like. The power source 49 is not limited to a secondary battery, and may include a primary battery, an electric double layer capacitor, a lithium ion capacitor, or the like.

For example, the processor 41, the RF reception unit 43, the input switching unit 46, the digital signal processing unit 47, the amplifier 48L, the amplifier 48R, and the power source 49 constitute a signal processing unit. The signal processing unit is accommodated in, for example, the speaker box 201. The signal processing unit may be accommodated in the speaker box 301. As a result, it is possible to reduce the size of the neck speaker 100. As described above, the neck speaker 100 is also a reproduction apparatus that reproduces an audio signal.

[Operation Example of Neck Speaker]

Next, an operation example of the neck speaker 100 will be described. When an audio signal is supplied to the neck speaker 100, the diaphragm of the speaker unit 202 or 302 vibrates, and a sound is generated. Further, the sound pressure generated by the vibration of the speaker unit 202 or 302 radiates in the audio space 201C or 301C, and the sound pressure causes the passive radiator 203 or 303 to vibrate in the horizontal direction, which generates a low-frequency sound. The passive radiator 203 or 303 repeatedly vibrates in the positive direction (side opposite to the inner side of the speaker box 201 or 301) and in the negative direction (inner side of the speaker box 201 or 301).

The passive radiator 203 or 303 vibrates, and thus, the low-frequency components of the reproduced sound are enhanced. Further, the vibration generated by the operation of the passive radiator 203 or 303 propagates to the vicinity of the shoulder of the listener L via the speaker box 201 or 301. Since the vibration propagates to the body of the listener L, it is possible to provide low-frequency feeling and realistic feeling to the listener L more.

The sound reproduced from the speaker unit 202 is reflected by the wall unit 210C forming the sound guiding space 210B. The periphery of the sound guiding space 210B except for the aperture unit 210D is shielded by the wall unit 210C.b Therefore, the energy of the sound reproduced from the speaker unit 202 is reflected by the wall unit 210C, and propagates toward the aperture unit 210D. In this manner, the radiation direction of the sound reproduced from the speaker unit 202 by the sound guiding unit 210 is converted from the right and left directions (direction from the inside to the outside in this example) into the upward and downward directions (upward in this example).

Here, since the aperture unit 210D is formed along the longitudinal direction of the casing 210A, the sound reproduced from the speaker unit 202 radiates over a wide range via the aperture unit 210D. Even in the case where the position of the speaker unit 202 deviates in forward and backward directions or upward and downward directions (rotation direction) depending on the user's body shape, physique, or the like, as described above, a sound can be reproduced in the direction of the ear of the listener L. This applies also to the speaker unit 302.

Note that there can also be a listener L who likes less vibration propagating the shoulder. In this regard, the neck speaker 100 according to the embodiment is configured such that the magnitude of the vibration can be adjusted. For example, an input operation for reducing the vibration by the listener L is performed. In response to this input operation, the digital signal processing unit 47 operates the low-frequency cut filter 47A to cut the low-frequency components contained in the audio signal. As a result, the vibration of the speaker box 201 or 301 when the sound is reproduced is weakened, and as a result, the vibration of the passive radiator 203 or 303 is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the vibration propagating to the vicinity of the shoulder of the listener L. In contrast, by stopping the operation of the low-frequency cut filter 47, it is possible to increase the vibration of the passive radiator 203 or 303, and increase the vibration propagating to the vicinity of the shoulder of the listener L. Note that by making the cutoff frequency of the low-frequency cut filter 47A variable, the magnitude of the vibration propagating to the shoulder of the listener L may be adjusted in multiple levels.

[Effect by Using Passive Radiator]

As describe above, in the neck speaker 100 according to the embodiment uses the passive radiators 203 and 303. An example of the effect obtained by using the passive radiators 203 and 303 will be described with reference to FIGS. 17A, 17B, 17C, 17D, and 18A, and 18B.

FIG. 17A is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of a closed type neck speaker that includes a speaker box of the same capacity (e.g., approximately 30 cc to 60 cc) as that of the neck speaker 100 according to the embodiment, and no passive radiator. In FIG. 17A (the same applies also to Part B of FIGS. 17B, 17C, and 17D), the horizontal axis indicates the frequency (Hz) and the vertical axis indicates the gain (dB) of sound pressure measured a microphone. FIG. 17B is an enlarged view of the vicinity of −30 dB to −80 dB in FIG. 17A. FIG. 17C is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of a passive-radiator type neck speaker 100 including a passive radiator. FIG. 17D is an enlarged view of the vicinity of −30 dB to −80 dB in FIG. 17C.

Comparing FIG. 17A and FIG. 17C, and FIG. 17B and FIG. 17D, the gain in the low-frequency region (e.g., in the vicinity of 60 Hz to 100) increases. In other words, by using a passive radiator, it is possible to enhance the low-frequency region.

FIG. 18A is a diagram showing the characteristics of acceleration generated from the speaker box of the closed type neck speaker. Further, FIG. 18B is a diagram showing the characteristics of acceleration generated from the passive-radiator type neck speaker 100. In FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B, the horizontal axis indicates the frequency and the vertical axis indicates the magnitude of acceleration. The acceleration was measured by installing an acceleration sensor in the vicinity of the shoulder of a listener (which may be a doll or the like for measurement).

Comparing FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B, in the passive-radiator type neck speaker 100, it can be confirmed that a system with a passive radiator generates large acceleration of approximately 20 dB at the maximum in the low-frequency region of not more than 100 Hz, as compared with the closed type neck speaker. This acceleration makes it possible to give sufficient vibration to the listener L, and it is possible to provide low-frequency feeling and realistic feeling accompanying the vibration. This effect can be said to be a unique effect in the case of applying a passive radiator having sufficient excitation to the neck speaker 100.

As described above, by applying a passive radiator known in the acoustic field to the neck speaker 100, a new effect can be achieved in addition to the acoustic effect. Further, the passive radiators 203 and 303 can be configured by merely mounting then on a part of the outer wall of the speaker boxes 201 and 301 of the neck speaker 100, respectively. In other words, in accordance with the configuration of the neck speaker 100 according to the embodiment, it is unnecessary to provide devices (e.g., actuators) for generating vibration unrelated to a sound, and a space for mounting the devices is not required. Therefore, it is possible to realize the neck speaker 100 that exhibits the above-mentioned effect at low cost without increasing the size and weight.

Effect of Embodiment

The neck speaker 100 according to the embodiment has been described heretofore. In accordance with the neck speaker 100 according to the embodiment, in addition to the effects exemplified in the above description, for example, the following effects can be achieved.

- Since the speaker units 202 and 302 are arranged so that the horizontal direction (e.g., outside) is the radiation direction of the sound, the thicknesses of the right-side speaker unit 20 and the left-side speaker unit 30 can be reduced.
- The speaker units 202 and 302 are respectively provided on the front side of the speaker boxes 201 and 301. As a result, the center of gravity in the attached status is on the front side, it is possible to prevent the neck speaker 100 from falling to the rear side of the listener L, and improve the attachment feeling. Further, since the passive radiators 203 and 303 are attached to spaces generated on the rear side of the speaker boxes 201 and 301 by the offset arrangement of the speaker units 202 and 302, respectively, it is possible to effectively utilize the spaces.

4. Modified Example

Although an embodiment of the present technology has been specifically described above, the present technology is not limited to the embodiment, and various modifications can be made on the basis of the technical idea of the present technology. Hereinafter, a plurality of modified examples will be described.

The operation input to the neck speaker 100 and supply of the audio signal may be performed via a portable control apparatus. FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a portable control apparatus 51. The control apparatus 51 includes a processor 52, an input terminal 53, the A/D conversion unit 54, a preamplifier/level adjustment unit 55, an RF transmission unit 56, and an antenna 57.

The configuration and operation of the control apparatus 51 will be schematically described. The processor 52 controls the respective unit of the control apparatus 51. The input terminal 53 is an interface with an external electronic apparatus. The A/D conversion unit 54 converts an analog signal input via the input terminal 53 into a digital signal. The preamplifier/level adjustment unit 55 amplifies and adjusts the level of the audio signal. The RF transmission unit 56, for example, modulates the audio signal and a command in a predetermined format. The antenna 57 communicates with the neck speaker 100 (e.g., short-range wireless communication).

For example, an operation input by a user is performed using the control apparatus 51. The processor 52 generates an operation signal corresponding to the operation input, and supplies it to the RF transmission unit 56. The RF transmission unit 56, for example, modulates the operation signal in accordance with a predetermined communication standard, and transmits it to the neck speaker 100 via the antenna 57. The neck speaker 100 that has received the operation signal performs processing corresponding to the operation signal.

An audio signal may be transmitted from the control apparatus 51 to the neck speaker 100. For example, an analog audio signal is input from an external electronic apparatus to the control apparatus 51 via the input terminal 53. The analog audio signal is converted into a digital audio signal by the A/D conversion unit 54. After the level of the audio signal is adjusted by the preamplifier/level adjustment unit 55, for example, the audio signal is modulated in a predetermined format by the RF transmission unit 56. Then, the audio signal on which modulation or the like has been performed is transmitted to the neck speaker 100 via the antenna 57.

Although it is favorable that the neck speaker includes a passive radiator as described in the above-mentioned embodiment, the present technology is not limited to such a configuration, and it does not necessarily need to provide a passive radiator in the neck speaker 100 according to the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 20.

A hole unit may be formed in a part of the wall unit 210C. FIG. 21A is a diagram showing a configuration in which the wall unit 210C in the sound guiding space 210B includes no hole unit and the frequency characteristics when a sound is reproduced by the configuration. FIG. 21B is a diagram showing a configuration in which a hole unit 220 is formed in the vicinity of a bottom part of the wall unit 210C, for example, and the frequency characteristics when a sound is reproduced by the configuration. Note that the frequency characteristics were measured by placing a microphone at the position of the ear in the attached status. Comparing FIG. 21A and FIG. 21B, it is possible to reduce the P-P (Peak to Peak) of the sound pressure level indicated by the vertical axis, and suppress so-called sound rampage. This is considered due to weakened resonance by providing the hole unit 220.

As shown in FIG. 22, the wall unit 210C may tilt so as to draw a curve (bow-shape) instead of linear tilt, and the tilt of the wall unit 210C may have a curved surface.

The present technology may be a neck speaker including a speaker unit and a passive radiator attached to the same speaker box. For example, the above-mentioned neck speaker 100 according to the embodiment may include the speaker box 201, the speaker unit 202 and the passive radiator 203 attached to the speaker box 201, the speaker box 301, and the speaker unit 302 and the passive radiator 303 attached to the speaker box 301. Note that in the configuration, there may be or may not be a configuration related to the sound guiding units 210 and 310 according to the embodiment.

As described above, in the neck speaker 100, a part of the wall unit 210C facing the sound radiation surface of the speaker unit 202 does not necessarily need to be in parallel with the sound radiation surface, and may tilt (may be oblique). Further, the shape of the aperture unit 210D is not limited to the rectangular shape, and may be a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape, or the like.

As described above, in the neck speaker 100, the right and left speaker units may each include a plurality of speaker units. Note that as described above, since the cost increases by the amount corresponding thereto, and also the weight of the neck speaker increases, it is favorable to employ the configuration of the neck speaker according to the embodiment.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the diaphragm is not limited to a corn diaphragm, and may be a flat diaphragm or the like. Further, as described above, in the neck speaker 100, a configuration (not shown) may be added. For example, a storage unit that stores an audio signal, a display unit, or the like may be added to the neck speaker 100. The storage unit may be a memory incorporated in the neck speaker 100, or a memory detachably attached to the neck speaker 100.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, a neck speaker has been described as an example of the wearable speaker. However, the present technology is not limited thereto. The wearable speaker only needs to be an open type speaker apparatus that reproduces a sound near the ear without sealing the auricle, and may be, for example, a speaker apparatus applied to a head mount display attached to the head. In other words, the attached band is not limited to those hung on the neck, and may be one attached to the head or the arm.

The configurations, the methods, the steps, the shapes, the materials, and the numerical values cited in the above-mentioned embodiment are merely examples, and different configurations, methods, steps, shapes, materials, and numerical values may be used as necessary. The above-mentioned embodiment and modified examples can be appropriately combined.

The present technology may also take the following configurations.

(1)

A speaker apparatus, including:

a pair of speaker boxes that are attached on both ends of an attached band having a curved surface, the pair of speaker boxes substantially facing each other;

a pair of speaker units attached on one surface of the respective speaker boxes in such a way that an axial direction is directed inward or outward; and

a sound guiding unit that converts a radiation direction of a sound reproduced from each of the speaker units.

(2)

The speaker apparatus according to (1), in which

each of the speaker unit is attached on a position that deviates forward from a center position of the respective speaker boxes in forward and backward directions.

(3)

The speaker apparatus according to (1) or (2), in which

the sound guiding unit includes a sound guiding space that is connected with a sound radiation surface of the speaker unit, a wall unit that forms the sound guiding space, and an aperture unit that radiates the sound from the sound guiding space.

(4)

The speaker apparatus according to (3), in which

a part of the wall unit tilts from a front side to a back side.

(5)

The speaker apparatus according to (4), in which

the tilt of the wall unit includes a curved surface.

(6)

The speaker apparatus according to (4), in which

a hole unit is formed on a part of the wall unit.

(7)

The speaker apparatus according to any one of (1) to (6), in which

the attached band is a neck hanging unit that is attached on a neck.

(8)

The speaker apparatus according to any one of (1) to (7), further including

a passive radiator provided on the one surface or the other surface of the respective speaker boxes.

(9)

A reproduction apparatus, including:

a signal processing unit that processes an audio signal; and

a speaker apparatus, in which

- the speaker apparatus includes
- a pair of speaker boxes that are attached on both ends of an attached band having a curved surface, the pair of speaker boxes substantially facing each other,
- a pair of speaker units attached on one surface of the respective speaker boxes in such a way that an axial direction is directed inward or outward, and
- a sound guiding unit that converts a radiation direction of a sound reproduced from each of the speaker units.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

10 neck hanging unit

20 right-side speaker unit

30 left-side speaker unit

100 neck speaker

201, 301 speaker box

201A, 301A (outside) side surface

201B, 301B (inside) side surface

202, 302 speaker unit

203, 303 passive radiator

210, 310 sound guiding unit

210B, 310B sound guiding space

210C, 310C wall unit

210D, 310D aperture unit

220 hole unit

Number	Name	Date	Kind
20140126760	Tse	May 2014	A1
20160205459	Kamada	Jul 2016	A1

Number	Date	Country
06-178384	Jun 1994	JP
11-501479	Feb 1999	JP
2015-037246	Feb 2015	JP
1996028000	Sep 1996	WO

Speaker apparatus and reproduction apparatus

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CPC

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Abstract

Description

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Priority Claims (1)

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Related Publications (1)