Limitations and disadvantages of conventional approaches to multimedia over coax alliance (MoCA) communications will become apparent to one of skill in the art, through comparison of such approaches with some aspects of the present method and system set forth in the remainder of this disclosure with reference to the drawings.
Methods and systems are provided for spectrum abstraction for a shared coaxial cable network, substantially as illustrated by and/or described in connection with at least one of the figures, as set forth more completely in the claims.
Each of the links 106a-106f may, for example, comprise wired cabling, optical cabling, and/or wireless links. In an exemplary embodiment, each of the links 106a-106f may comprise coaxial cabling. The splitter 108a may be operable to electrically couple links 106a, 106b, 106c, and 106f such that the signal on each of these four links is substantially the same. The splitter 108b may be operable to electrically couple links 106c, 106d, and 106e such that the signal on each of these three links is substantially the same.
The device 102 may comprise circuitry operable to communicate over the links 106a-106f. The circuitry of the device 102 may also be operable to communicate with network 114 (e.g., a CaTV network, a DSL network, a satellite network, etc.). The device 102 may be, for example, a set-top box or gateway operable to receive data from the network 114 via the links 106f and 106b, process the received data, and convey the processed data to the devices 104a-104c via the links 106a-106e. In an exemplary embodiment, the device 102 may communicate the processed data over the links 106a-106e in accordance with multimedia over coaxial alliance (MoCA) standards, such as the “MoCA MAC/PHY Specification v2.0 MoCA-M/P-SPEC-V2.0-20100507,” which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In such an embodiment, the device 102 may function as the network coordinator (NC) of the MoCA network.
Each of the devices 104a-104c may comprise circuitry operable to communicate over the links 106a-106e. The device 104c may be, for example, a wireless access point operable to convert between the network protocols (e.g., MoCA, etc.) utilized on the links 106b-106e and the network protocols (e.g., IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, etc.) utilized on the link 112b. The device 104a may be, for example, a network adaptor operable to convert between the network protocols (e.g., MoCA, etc.) utilized on the links 106b-106e and the network protocols (e.g., HDMI, USB, Ethernet etc.) utilized on the link 112a.
The devices 110a and 110b may comprise circuitry operable to receive media and/or data via the links 112a and 112b, respectively. The devices 110a and 110b may comprise circuitry operable to transmit media and/or data via the links 112a and 112b, respectively. Each of the devices 110a and 110b may be, for example, an end-point such as a television or personal computer.
In operation, spectrum usage on the links 106a-106e is managed by a spectrum abstraction layer such that the spectrum may be used more efficiently to increase throughput over the links 106a-106f as compared to throughput achieved by conventional MoCA networks (such as the MoCA 2.0 standard incorporated above). The spectrum abstraction enables a logical MoCA channel over a selected plurality, S, of physical subbands, where the S physical subbands are selected from P possible physical subbands (S and P being integers, where P≥S) and any of the S subbands may be selected (or not) for the channel with the selection being independent of which of the other P−1 subbands are selected. For example, referring briefly to
Furthermore, the P possible subbands may span a much wider bandwidth (and up to higher frequencies) than is used for conventional MoCA 2.0 networks. For example, subbands of the P subbands may span out to 3 GHz or more as compared to a conventional MoCA network which is restricted to frequencies below 1675 MHz. When using such high frequencies, it may be that some of the P subbands are useable for communications between some pairs of MoCA devices but not other pairs of MoCA devices. If that is the case in a particular installation or at a particular time, then the spectrum abstraction layer can simply choose not to select those subbands for communications between devices in those pairs. But by leaving open the possibility of using such subbands, other device pairs or networks are not precluded from using those subbands. This allows the usable bandwidth (and thus maximum throughput) to scale along with quality of the connection between two MoCA devices. For example, referring briefly to
The analog-to-digital converter 202 is operable to concurrently digitize a wide bandwidth spanning P subbands, which encompasses some or all of the conventional MoCA frequencies 800-1675 MHz (plus guard bands) and may additionally encompass one or more higher frequencies (e.g., one or more subbands between 1675 MHz and 3 GHz).
The subband selection circuit 204 is operable to select which S of the P digitized subbands are further processed by the receive circuitry. The selection may be based, at least in part, on control signal 213 from the spectrum abstraction circuit 212. Each selected subband is output as one of signals 2051-205S. Selecting particular subbands may comprise adjusting local oscillator frequencies and filter tap coefficients, for example.
The downconversion circuit 206 is operable to downconvert each of the signals 2051-205S to a corresponding baseband signal 2071-207S. The local oscillator frequencies may be configured based, at least in part, on the control signal 213 from the spectrum abstraction circuit 212.
Each of the DFT circuits 2081-208S (e.g., narrowband DFT circuits, etc.) and 216 (e.g., a wideband DFT circuit, etc.) is operable to convert its time-domain input signal to a frequency domain representation. The DFT 216 may operate over the entire bandwidth digitized by the ADC 202 in order to obtain a complete “view” of the spectrum on cable 106 via which the circuitry of
The demodulation and decoding circuit 210 is operable to perform symbol demapping, symbol and/or bit deinterleaving, FEC decoding, multiplexing, etc., in order to recover baseband signal 211 from signals 2091-209S Parameters used by circuit 210 (e.g., which constellation(s) to use for demapping, what FEC code word size to use, etc.) may be determined based, at least in part, on control signal 213 from the spectrum abstraction circuit 212.
The spectrum abstraction circuit 212 is operable to control which S of the P subbands are selected by the subband selection circuit 204. Which S subbands are selected may, for example, be determined based, at least in part, on information from the MAC or higher layers (e.g., via bus 215). When using the circuitry 200 in an otherwise conventional MoCA 2.0 device (i.e., circuitry 200 may be a drop-in replacement for the physical layer of a conventional MoCA 2.0 device), such information may indicate whether channel bonding is enabled, which the spectrum abstraction circuit 212 may use to determine whether to select up to S subbands having an aggregate bandwidth of 100 MHz (when channel bonding is not in use) or having an aggregate bandwidth of 200 MHz (when channel bonding is in use).
The PHY profile generation and storage circuit 214 is operable to receive the output of the DFT 216, process it (e.g., average the bin values over time and store the time-averaged values to a look-up table, etc.), and make it available to the spectrum abstraction circuitry 212, to the demodulation and decoding circuit 210, and also to the MAC or higher layers (e.g., via bus 215), which may transmit the PHY profile to other nodes on the network such that they may use it for transmitting to the device 200.
In operation, the DFT 216 and PHY profile circuitry 214 may determine the characteristics of the spectrum between two MoCA devices. For example, a metric (e.g., noise level, SNR, and/or the like, etc.) may be measured for each of P subbands and each pairing of m MoCA devices. The metric(s) for each device may then be stored to a look-up table such as table 480 shown
In operation, data bits to be transmitted 301 arrive at modulation/coding circuitry 302 where they are FEC encoded, mapped according to a particular symbol constellation, interleaved, and/or the like to generate symbol stream 303. The symbols of symbol stream 303 are then mapped to selected frequency bins by the bin mapping circuitry 304 (the selected frequency bins will correspond to the selected subbands after upconversion), with each of the lines 3051-305S corresponding to a respective one of S bins. The IDFT circuitry 306 then converts the (parallel) frequency domain signal 305 to a time domain representation 307, which then gets converted to an analog signal 309 by the DAC circuitry 308 and then upconverted to RF signal 311 by the upconversion circuitry 310.
Which symbol constellation, FEC code rate, and/or other parameters are used by modulation/coding circuitry 302 for generating each output symbol may be determined based, at least in part, on which subband the symbol will ultimately be mapped to by the bin mapping circuitry 304. Accordingly, the control signal 313 from spectrum abstraction circuit 312 jointly controls the modulation/coding circuitry 302 and bin mapping circuitry 304 such that up to S subbands having suitable characteristics are selected for transmission and are bit loaded based, at least in part, on their spectral characteristics. Which subbands are selected, and the aggregate bandwidth of the selected subbands, may for example be determined based at least in part on the Tx PHY profile (passed down to the PHY from the MAC and/or higher layers) of the node to which the data is to be transmitted, based at least in part on an indication of whether channel bonding is being used, etc.
In accordance with an example implementation of this disclosure, a first Multimedia over Coax Alliance (MoCA) compatible device (e.g., any of 102, 104a-104c) comprises a physical layer profiling circuit (e.g., 214) and a spectrum abstraction circuit (e.g., 212). The physical layer profiling circuit is operable to measure a performance metric for each of a plurality of subbands on a shared coaxial cable of a MoCA network (e.g., each of the 28 subbands shown in
As utilized herein the terms “circuits” and “circuitry” refer to physical electronic components (i.e. hardware) and any software and/or firmware (“code”) which may configure the hardware, be executed by the hardware, and or otherwise be associated with the hardware. As used herein, for example, a particular processor and memory may comprise a first “circuit” when executing a first one or more lines of code and may comprise a second “circuit” when executing a second one or more lines of code. As utilized herein, “and/or” means any one or more of the items in the list joined by “and/or”. As an example, “x and/or y” means any element of the three-element set {(x), (y), (x, y)}. In other words, “x and/or y” means “one or both of x and y”. As another example, “x, y, and/or z” means any element of the seven-element set {(x), (y), (z), (x, y), (x, z), (y, z), (x, y, z)}. In other words, “x, y and/or z” means “one or more of x, y and z”. As utilized herein, the term “exemplary” means serving as a non-limiting example, instance, or illustration. As utilized herein, the terms “e.g.,” “for example,” “exemplary,” and the like set off lists of one or more non-limiting examples, instances, or illustrations. As utilized herein, circuitry is “operable” to perform a function whenever the circuitry comprises the necessary hardware and code (if any is necessary) to perform the function, regardless of whether performance of the function is disabled or not enabled (e.g., by a user-configurable setting, factory trim, etc.).
The present method and/or system may be realized in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. The present methods and/or systems may be realized in a centralized fashion in at least one computing system, or in a distributed fashion where different elements are spread across several interconnected computing systems. Any kind of computing system or other apparatus adapted for carrying out the methods described herein is suited. A typical combination of hardware and software may be a general-purpose computing system with a program or other code that, when being loaded and executed, controls the computing system such that it carries out the methods described herein. Another typical implementation may comprise an application specific integrated circuit or chip. Some implementations may comprise a non-transitory machine-readable (e.g., computer readable) medium (e.g., FLASH drive, optical disk, magnetic storage disk, or the like) having stored thereon one or more lines of code executable by a machine, thereby causing the machine to perform processes as described herein.
While the present method and/or system has been described with reference to certain implementations, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the present method and/or system. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the present method and/or system not be limited to the particular implementations disclosed, but that the present method and/or system will include all implementations falling within the scope of the appended claims.
This application claims priority to the following application(s), each of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference: U.S. provisional patent application 62/190,391 titled “MoCA Spectrum Abstraction” filed on Jul. 9, 2015.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20170012723 A1 | Jan 2017 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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62190391 | Jul 2015 | US |