Patent Grant
6895296
Measuring the amount of product dispensed from a rolled product dispenser is quite useful for many industries. For example, manufacturers of rolled sheet products such as wrapping paper, toilet paper, paper towels, and the like frequently need to determine the amount of material removed from rolls. In the deployment and sale of cording, rope, string, ribbon, chain, and other elongated products, dispensing rolls are frequently used. When dispensing rolls are employed, such rolled products may be utilized in manufacturing operations or in a retail environment. The need to accurately and reliably track dispensing activity is important.
In the paper industry, consumer behavior may be studied by observing usage patterns experienced by consumers when various grades or types of paper products are presented for use. For example, calculating the amount of pulls per event, the average length or number of perforated paper units taken for each dispensing event, and the number of pulls that may be employed to deplete each roll, as just a few examples, can be quite useful for market researchers. Thus, there is a need for improved apparatus, systems, and methods for collecting such data, and making such data available to market researchers or others concerned with the amount of product that is depleted or dispensed.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,878,381 discloses a system and method for collecting data on individual and aggregate use of toilet tissue or other rolled absorbent paper in a public washroom. The apparatus includes a modified dispenser for releasing paper from a large roll, with internal mechanisms including a magnetic movement detector, and a control unit. These mechanisms are mounted adjacent to the roll beneath a housing. Thus, according to the teachings of the patent, a toilet stall in a public washroom may be modified by placing a sensor on the stall door to detect the presence of a person in the stall.
A significant limitation to the apparatus shown in the U.S. Pat. No. 5,878,381 is that the apparatus shown therein is relatively expensive. Typically, it requires significant and extensive modifications to a restroom stall to employ the system. Further, consumer research has shown that product usage patterns are quite different at home than in public restrooms, so the consumer behavior exhibited in the public stall may not closely match consumer home usage patterns of behavior.
Additionally, the data collected when using the apparatus of some prior art systems is limited in usefulness by the fact that such data is based upon timed use periods. Timed use periods sometimes cannot readily provide needed data on the number of individual sheets (or length) depleted for each separate and individual pull.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,691,919 discloses a system and method for collecting data on individual and aggregate use of rolled tissue products. This patent is related to U.S. Pat. No. 5,878,381 and contains essentially the same disclosure.
What is needed in the industry is a system, method and apparatus for accurately detecting and recording the amount of a rolled product dispensed to a user. A system is needed that is capable of providing more than merely a time window for data collection, but instead may be capable of directly measuring the feeding of product by evaluating and/or recording separate, identifiable, measured pulling events. An apparatus or method that facilitates direct measurement of product usage by detecting of rotation of a supply roll, storing relevant data, and then displaying or using the data in a useful format for study or inventory control would be desirable.
In the invention, a system is provided for collecting data on product usage from a product roll by monitoring the amount of product pulled or removed from a roll. In the invention, a spindle assembly may be configured for attachment or suspension of a product roll. The spindle assembly may comprise a rotating member as well. Furthermore, an emitter and a sensor means may be provided for connection to the spindle, the emitter and sensor together being capable of detecting one or more parameters of product usage from a roll. In some applications, data collected will include a date and time stamp when a pull is completed from the roll. Furthermore, the sensor may be adapted for measuring the degree of movement of the rotating member during removal of product from the roll.
A recording device optionally may be provided for communication with the sensor. However, not all applications of the invention use a recording device, and the data could simply be sent for output as a signal to achieve some purpose related to monitoring supply or exhaustion of a roll. When a recording device is used, the recording device may be adapted for receiving and recording data, including for example, roll product usage data such as length, time and date at the dispensing location.
The system also optionally may include one or more microprocessors, in communication with or even within the spindle assembly. Also, switches of various types (electrical, magnetic, optical, mechanical) may be employed to sense the degree of rotation of a rotating member relative to the spindle assembly. In some embodiments, one or more switches can be employed to generate a signal. Essentially any device that is capable of optically or mechanically or otherwise in some other manner sensing rotational movement could be employed in the invention.
A method for tracking usage of perforated sheet material dispensed from a roll is also provided in one embodiment of the invention. The method includes obtaining data related to rotation of a spindle apparatus, converting that data to a length of material pulled, and then calculating or tabulating various parameters or values from said data. The parameters tabulated may include the number of units per event, the number of pulls per event, the number of pulls per roll, the number of units per day, the number of events per day, the frequency of events per time of day (hour), the frequency of the number of units per time of day; the number of units per hour, the time interval between pulls, the frequency of time interval between pulls, the frequency and/or length of pull.
A method for replenishing an inventory of product dispensed from rolls is provided in one aspect of the invention. This could occur by a signal or message being sent upon the recognition that a low supply level has been observed. Furthermore, a method for tabulating and billing a customer for the amount of rolled product material a customer consumes in a given period of time is provided in another aspect of the invention. Many options are available to a person of skill in the art using the process, system and/or apparatus of the invention.
A full and enabling disclosure of this invention, including the best mode shown to one of ordinary skill in the art, is set forth in this specification. The following Figures illustrate the invention:
Reference now will be made to the embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are set forth below. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the invention, not as a limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in this invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be used on another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. Other objects, features and aspects of the present invention are disclosed in or are obvious from the following detailed description. It is to be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the present discussion is a description of exemplary embodiments only, and is not intended as limiting the broader aspects of the present invention, which broader aspects are embodied in the exemplary constructions.
In general, the apparatus of the invention does not depend only upon recording time intervals to determine the utility of a web, tissue or paper product. The apparatus is shown in several
As the spindle outer tube rotates, embedded emitters pass over receiving portions of a sensor that are connected to the primary electronics. Essentially any method could be used for emitting a signal and receiving the signal by a sensor, such as for example, mechanical, optical, or electrical or magnetic.
In one magnetically oriented embodiment of the sensing apparatus, there are four magnets (which serve as emitters) arranged in 90° intervals around the outer tube and three switches (which serve as the sensors) arranged at 120° intervals around the inner tube. Since the inner tube remains stationary when the outer tube rotates, there are 12 pulses or counts (in one embodiment) presented to the electronics for every full rotation of the outer tube. Other combinations of the invention having more or less switches and magnets can be used as well.
When the spindle rotates the electronics detect pulses generated by the emitter/sensor combination. Pulses are counted in the firmware. At a preset time interval after the spindle stops rotating (nominally 2 seconds) the counts measured are time stamped and stored in memory. Control of this preset time interval gives greater or lesser sensitivity to the determination of one removal event. The relative direction of rotation can be determined by the firmware and, and such data is recorded with each event.
If the spindle rotates in one direction and then in the opposite direction before the preset time interval lapses then only the difference in counts is stored. Sensitivity to the minimum number of counts that will be recorded as an event can be programmed into the spindle software, nominally events of 1 count are ignored but this minimum rotation signal is adjustable. Sensitivity is further adjustable by varying the number of sensors/emitters actually employed in the spindle assembly. In one embodiment, using magnetic sensing means with three equally spaced sensors and four equally spaced magnets, a spindle is capable of detecting a maximum speed of about 25 rotations in 1 second (1500 rpm).
A roll change is determined through the spring end being depressed as if the spindle is placed into a roll holder. If the spring end is depressed by more than 5 mm this is detected by the electronics and a roll change event placed into memory.
The amount of tissue pulled may be calculated from the number of rotations of the barrel, for example, as shown below.
Tissue Length, TL, at kth rotation=π[D−2(k−1)T]
Where:
Where:
For products that have several winds around the core at the same diameter from the core, such as cord or yarn, the equation could easily be modified by adding a multiplier indicating the number of winds across the core.
A software program employing the above equation makes it possible to calculate, using a microprocessor, certain parameters that are useful data points for determining the amount of product removed during dispensing events, the number of product removals (i.e., pulls) for each event, the number of pulls per roll, and the time interval between pulls. Furthermore, it is possible to determine the number of dispensing events and individual pulls which are required to exhaust a roll. Then, the data may be stored, and later used, as further discussed below in connection with
Turning now to
Battery 29 provides power to the spindle system 21. A relay 61a is shown near the battery. A barrel 25 of the spindle assembly 21 fits over a recording device 24 and includes on its interior a spring 26 which is bounded by spring housing 27 (including as well a magnet 61b) and a friction pad 28 which provides stabilization of the spindle assembly 21 in a product holder preventing rotation of the barrel 25 as the product roll 46 and rotating member 22 rotate. The friction pad 28 is located on the end of the spindle assembly 21. Located at the end of the circuit board, is strut 58 with three switches 57a-c arranged 120° apart. The barrel 25 is closed on one end by a end cap 32, with screws 33a-c holding the end cap 32 upon the barrel 25. Furthermore, a second friction pad 34 covers the end cap 32 onto strut 58 which is mechanically locked into barrel 25.
In
In
Clearly, other embodiments of the invention not specifically illustrated could employ emitters and sensors that are not magnetically operated, but instead rely upon optical light transmission, mechanical effects, vibration, or other means to emit a signal that is capable of being received by a detector or sensing means, and thereby mark and/or measure rotational movement.
When pulling units of product from the product roll 46, the product core 48 rotates. Since the grips 30a-b of the spindle 30a-b are engaged with the product core 48, the rotation of the core also causes rotation of the rotating member 22. One full rotation of the product core 48 is equal to one full rotation of the rotating member 22 of the spindle. When the rotating member 22 turns, embedded magnets 56a-d move into proximity of switches 57a-c which are arranged at 120° intervals at the end of the barrel 25. When one magnet 56a-dpasses one switch 57a-c, one signal is generated. In some embodiments, switches called “reed switches” may be used, but in other embodiments other types of switches can be employed. Therefore, twelve signals are generated when a full rotation is completed, using the particular embodiment shown in the Figures. However, other embodiments using different numbers of switches and/or magnets could be employed. Direction of rotation is apparent to the software by analysis of the sequence of sensor signals. The free rotation of the rotating member around the barrel may be ensured by applying anodized coatings to the inner surface of the rotating member 22 and the outer surface of the barrel 25. Data port 70 provides an exit point for a data signal to be transmitted into the cradle (not shown).
Furthermore, another input source is a signal representing whether or not there has been a roll change 61. When the spindle assembly 21 is compressed lengthwise more than about 5 mm, the magnet 61b in the spring housing 27 comes closer to the switch 61a located near the end of the circuit board and/or recording device 24. Such closure generates a signal which will be sent to microprocessor. The firmware of the microprocessor then may retrieve the time from the real time clock and record the timed event on the data storage 65.
Signals representing data may exit the microprocessor through the data port 70 to the input output cradle (not shown) at location 66, which may for example include the downloading of data or the set up of a spindle to computer 67. The input output cradle used at location 66 is a convenient reliable device. It provides a fast connection from the computer 67 to individual spindle assemblies 21 for set up with test parameter information from spreadsheets. After the spindle has been used the cradle (not shown) also facilitates the use of a preset validation routine testing several spindle functions. During analysis, the validation routine must be completely and correctly contained on the spindle for the data thereby obtained from the consumer or testing event to be considered valid. The cradle also is capable of monitoring the battery power of the spindle to ensure it retains adequate battery power for further consumer placements. The cradle also downloads data from the spindle assembly 21 to the computer 67 for storage and analysis.
Turning to
The number of spindle data files are located, and then the sequence of rolls used in any particular data file is determined. Once the type of roll is determined, analysis can be done for each roll. For each roll used, it is possible to determine the direction of the pulling, and if there are reversed pulls or excess pulls for each roll. If there are reversed pulls then the reversed pulls are used to correct the previous pull data. If the reversed pulls appear to be excessive, then the excessive reversed pull data are sent to an abnormality report and the data are excluded from final analysis unless readmitted after a manual examination of the abnormality report data. The reversed pulls could happen, for example, when the user tries to find the end to start pulling or rewinds the excessive pulled product back to the roll or the product roll is simply unwound by minors or pets and perhaps rewound back onto the roll by someone.
If there are no excessive number of reverse pulls, then the total number of rotations is compared to the expected rotations for a roll, and if it exceeds or falls short of the latter by an established limit, then the data is sent to an abnormality report and excluded. However, data could be manually inspected and readmitted if deemed reliable. After the data are treated with the above techniques and it is determined there are no reversed pulls or excessive pulls, then information is added to each row of data to prepare for sorting and compiling summary data sets. The information added includes study number, respondent number, location, product code, comment, and spindle serial number. The process will repeat until all the rolls in an individual data file are examined and the individual data file is saved. Repeated examination and addition of the test information will be performed successively to the next spindle data file until all files in the directory are examined.
After all the individual spindle data files are examined and saved, the data files are merged into a larger mega file for study. Then, data is sorted by household and by product, for ultimate display or further calculations or method steps.
The parameters that may comprise output variables which can be tabulated, displayed, stored, or otherwise made available as an output signal include mean (i.e. average) and median of the following: the length of pull, the number of units per event, the number of pulls per roll, the number of units per day, the number of events per day, the frequency of events per time of day (hour), the frequency of the number of units per time of day; the number of units per hour, the time interval between pulls, the frequency of time interval between pulls and the frequency of length of pull. This list of relevant parameters is by no means exhaustive, and programming could easily be developed to calculate, tabulate, or store other variables that may be needed in a given application.
In consumer testing of paper tissue, output parameters are useful to compare households and tissue variables. The time of day for frequent use can be seen and the sheets used during this time help to differentiate usage patterns for households. It is also possible to see patterns related to individual habits within a household, which enables the grouping of like or similar households on the basis of product use.
Product usage characteristics related to product properties can also be examined. The amount of product removed from the roll for use can be modeled by product type, product characteristics, measuring unit size and roll characteristics. Optimum utility in terms of minimum units per use can be sought as a function of measuring unit size, bulk, roll size and core size, or other parameters that could be important.
Respondent compliance with a multi-variable test can also be accessed using the spindle data. The spindle data indicates how much of a tissue variable was used, and when the tissue variable was used in the consumer use test. For example, if a paired test is being run the data from the spindle assembly 21 confirms both variables were in fact used by the respondent (i.e. consumer providing test data).
In
First, in the case of paper toilet tissue, or paper toweling, spindles may be distributed to consumers in connection with a promotion, or on a trial basis, with or without payment. In any event, once consumers are selected, and the spindles are distributed, data could be generated and recorded using the spindle assembly 21, for later use of the data.
Prior to distributing the spindle assembly 21 to consumers for use, several steps could occur as shown near the top of FIG. 7. First, a test set up string may be predetermined, and set up for the spindle assembly 21. Then, a set up file could be created, and spindles either one at a time, or in groups, could be set up by placing the spindle in a cradle (not shown), which when connected to computer 67 inputs data electronically to the spindle assembly 21. Then, after the spindle is set up, it could be shipped to a user or consumer. An alternative to the set-up file is core labeling which is read by the optical scanner into the database. The optical scanner can be contained within the spindle assembly 21 or used manually when product is sent out for a product test or when the product is loaded onto the spindle assembly 21.
Once the spindle assembly 21 is placed into a user bathroom, the roll and spindle assembly 21 are placed on a holder. The method steps or pathway as shown in
Parameters as previously indicated in
As shown on the right side of
In general, a validation routine may assist in determining if the spindle is recording accurate data. Then, the validated data is downloaded from the spindle, and if the validated data matches the validation routine, the data is added to a spindle analysis program. The data may be sent to a computer. If the validation routine is not verified on the spindle then the spindle data is excluded and the spindle sent for diagnostics and repair.
In one specific application of the invention, a signal could be used to notify another location of the supply condition, or usage, of the roll. This signal could be sent by a conventional wire telephone, cellular telephone, radio signal, electrical wire, or other communication mechanism. The result is that a bell could be rung (i.e. an audible signal), or a display could activate, or an entry could be made in an electronic or physical ledger, noting the status of the supply condition. Sometimes, a microprocessor could be involved to make certain threshold determinations of whether or not, and when, to send a signal. In more robust applications, a computer could be involved, giving the researcher more control and flexibility in how he or she wishes to put the data to use. In other systems, a signal might be automatically sent when a predetermined supply level is reached. Thus, cost considerations and the specific application in which the invention is deployed will dictate the level of sophistication used in saving or using the data.
Thus, it is possible to use the spindle assembly 21 to control an inventory of a rolled product in a consumer's home, in a factory, or in a commercial setting, such as a retail store. For example, as shown in
This inventory replenishment could occur, for example, in an office building in which a main janitorial room or control center would have lights, bells or the like that could receive and/or display data on a simple display or even a computer monitor. This signal could indicate the roll supply situation available in public restrooms throughout the building.
In another setting, a factory that releases product from a roll or spool in the course of manufacturing articles could use the invention to notify factory personnel, or even a distributor/vendor of the product rolls, that a low supply situation exists. Again, any electronic, auditory, or visual means of sending such a supply status signal could be employed.
In a factory, any material that is dispensed from a roll dispenser could be electronically matched to an electronic system or inventory replenishment program which would automatically replenish the inventory when the inventory reaches a predetermined threshold minimum. An automatic means of identifying the product (such as a Uniform Product Code reader) could be employed. It is possible to provide the code in connection with the core (in the case of both tissue or paper toweling) for industrial use as well as home and utility testing.
In other retail or wholesale applications, the sale of fabric, rope, cordage, chain, woven fabrics, wire, tape, banding material, yarn, nonwoven filaments or webs, and the like could occur such that when the amount remaining on the roll reaches a threshold minimum, a store manager or vendor is alerted of the supply status (i.e. that the roll needs to be replaced, or that more rolls need to be shipped or manufactured). In other applications, it would be possible to provide a wire or wireless signal by telephonic, radio transmission, or other means to directly notify a manufacturer or computer in the manufacturer location of the existing inventory level, and/or automatically place an order for new material to be shipped. In any event, one purpose of such a system could be to order more product once it is detected that the product inventory amount is below the preselected threshold amount, which may determined by a comparison step.
A person of skill in the art, upon reading this specification and understanding the details of the disclosed apparatus and system, could design such a method or system. This inventory replenishment could occur in the retail, factory, or consumer setting. These are merely examples of the methods by which inventory could be controlled, and other applications of the invention could be ascertained by a person of skill in the art.
A spindle manager software program can be used to set up the spindle assembly 21 and to upload data from the spindle assembly 21 once the data is obtained by the spindle assembly 21. In
1. Assign Characters
2. Collect Data
For uploading data from a single spindle, a user may select or click on “Collect” to collect data and “View” to view the data in the text window and “Save” to save the data in a CSV file. A CSV file is a special text file that has commas to separate fields in each line of data. The file with CSV format can be read, for example to the MS Excel spreadsheet directly without going through options required for reading a regular text file in MS Excel. The name of the CSV file is given automatically as SSSSSSSS-NNNNN-R.CSV, as one example.
For uploading data from a batch of spindles, a researcher or user may specify the directory for the batch of files to be stored. This may be accomplished by starting the batch collection by clicking on “Start”. The name of the file will be displayed in the “Save to File” text box after data from each spindle is uploaded. Then, the user may click on “Finish” after the last spindle is uploaded.
The spindle analysis program (see
The spindle analysis program may use several spreadsheets, and in the example shown utilizes spreadsheets including: “StartSS”, “TissueInfo” and “Summary”, as examples. The “TissueInfo” spreadsheet contains information required for calculation. The information is product identified, including the name of the product (in this particular instance, a toilet tissue), an outer diameter of full roll, outer diameter of the core, length of tissue, number of sheets in a roll, and the like.
The procedure of running the example program, in one embodiment of the invention, is as follows:
For batch setup, as illustrated in
The spindle assembly 21 can measure the number of revolutions of a spindle, and store the information in internal memory where it may be retrieved later. It may be possible to store up to 8000 pull “events”. Each event may be time and date stamped.
The electronics assembly of the spindle apparatus 21, in one embodiment, may consist of a circuit board containing the following:
Many commercially available computing systems could be employed, as recognized by a person of skill in the art. The electronic control system typically is powered by a 3.7 volt lithium battery (such as indicated in the Figures as battery 29).
The electronic components as previously described may be coated with an acrylic protective layer to prevent damage by high levels of humidity or short-term immersion in water. They may be housed in the inner tube and are not visible or accessible to the user, to protect the system.
A serial link from a computer to the spindle can allow for administration operations to be completed. A spindle manager program such as shown in this specification running on a computer communicates through a serial link with the spindle via a cradle to allow the following operations to be carried out:
It is understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the present discussion is a description of exemplary embodiments only, and is not intended as limiting the broader aspects of the present invention, which broader aspects are embodied in the exemplary constructions. The invention is shown by example in the appended claims.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20030078691 A1 | Apr 2003 | US |
