Patent Application
20140283496
This invention relates to a spinning point of a spinning machine that serves the purpose of producing a yarn from a fiber composite supplied to the spinning point in a direction of transport. In addition, a method for operating a spinning point is proposed, whereas, during the spinning process, the yarn produced in the spinning point is drawn from the spinning point with the assistance of a drawing-off device, the drawn yarn is monitored with the assistance of a yarn detector regarding at least one physical parameter, the drawn yarn passes through a yarn accumulator, the filling level of the yarn accumulator is monitored with the assistance of a sensor system, the yarn is rewound with the assistance of a spooling device after passing through the yarn accumulator and the winding speed of the spooling device is governed depending on the filling level of the yarn accumulator.
The following description generally refers to a spinning machine, which is suitable for producing a yarn from a fiber composite presented to it. This includes, in particular, air-jet spinning machines and rotor spinning machines, the basic structure of which is known from the state of the art (whereas, within the framework of the invention, air-jet spinning machines for the production of a finished yarn along with air-jet spinning machines, with the assistance of which roving (coarse roving) can be produced, should be included).
It is known that, in the course of the actual spinning process (i.e. the error-free production of yarn), the unwanted tearing of the yarn may repeatedly occur. It also cannot be ruled out that, from time to time, the spinning machine produces yarn sections with inferior quality (i.e., the occurrence of sections of yarn, the parameters of which, for example, yarn thickness, hairiness, yarn strength, etc. deviate from a predetermined target value). Typically, the corresponding yarn faults are detected by a yarn detector allocated to the respective spinning point, and must be removed in a cleaner cut that interrupts the spinning process. This ultimately gives rise to, in addition to the tearing of the yarn, an end of the yarn on the rewinding side that must be connected in a subsequent spinning process with the fiber composite presented at the corresponding spinning point, in order to once again go through the normal spinning operation.
However, in order to be able to conduct a corresponding spinning process, the respective end of the yarn wound on the spool must be, manually or with the assistance of a service robot patrolling along the spinning point, initially searched for on the surface of the spool and removed from it, in order to ultimately supply it against the actual spinning direction of the spinning point and connected it with the fiber composite. In addition, a certain section of yarn is typically removed prior to the resumption of spinning, since the present end of the yarn is usually not suitable for the spinning process and/or contains yarn faults detected by the yarn detector.
Since the service robot must proceed initially to the respective spinning point prior to the spinning process, and only one spinning point may be wound by one robot, the necessary spinning processes result in considerable limitations to the spinning process. Thereby, the spinning processes after the cleaner cuts to be increasingly conducted for the air-jet spinning machines particularly contribute to a significant impairment of the productivity of the air-jet spinning machines.
Therefore, the task of this invention is to propose a spinning point along with a method for the operation of the same, with the assistance of which the spinning times, in particular after a cleaner cut, may be reduced in respect of the state of the art.
The task is solved by a spinning point and a method with the characteristics of the independent patent claims.
According to the invention, the spinning point according to the invention initially includes a spinning unit with tools for the production of yarn, whereas the tools may comprise, for example, a rotor of a rotor spinning machine or the vortex chamber of an air-jet spinning machine. Furthermore, a drawing-off device seen downstream of the spinning unit in the direction of transport of the fiber composite and/or the yarn is provided for the drawing off of the yarn from the spinning unit, which may comprise, for example, a pair of guiding draw-off rollers clamping the yarn. Furthermore, a yarn accumulator downstream of the drawing-off device for the intermediate accumulation of a section of yarn is provided. In this connection, the term “intermediate accumulation” is understood to mean that the yarn passes through the intermediate accumulator during its transport to the spooling device. In other words, a certain section of the yarn is always within the yarn accumulator, such that fluctuations in the rewinding speed of the spooling device and/or the drawing-off device and/or fluctuations in the delivery speed of the spinning unit (i.e., the speed of the yarn exiting the spinning unit) may be compensated, whereas this leads to a (partial) filling or emptying, as the case may be, of the yarn accumulator.
In order to be able to keep the filling level o the yarn accumulator (i.e. the length of the yarn section found in the yarn accumulator) approximately constant or within predetermined limit values, as the case may be, it is also provided that the spinning point contains a sensor system for monitoring the filling level of the yarn accumulator. The sensor system is preferably placed in the area of or the interior of the yarn accumulator and designed to detect the presence of a yarn in predefined spots of the yarn accumulator or the length of the yarn section found in the yarn accumulator.
On the basis of the data provided by the sensor system, it is ultimately possible to govern the winding speed of a spooling device for the yarn downstream of the yarn accumulator in the direction of transport, whereas the spooling device for this is preferably connected to a control unit that is fed with the data measured by the sensor system. If the control unit determines that the length of the yarn section found in the yarn accumulator (or the yarn loop found in the yarn accumulator) is below a minimum, the rewinding speed of the spooling device decreases, until the length once again corresponds to a defined minimum amount. If the known length exceeds a predetermined maximum, the rewinding speed is increased accordingly.
Finally, the spinning point includes a return unit, with the assistance of which an end of the yarn, which is found within the yarn accumulator after a yarn break, is able to be returned in the area of the spinning point. Thus, as a result, what is proposed is a spinning point that is able to fix a yarn break regardless of its cause, by leading the resulting end of the yarn back to the spinning unit without the use of a service robot and the end of the yarn may be connected to the fiber composite (the individual step of the method will be more specifically described in connection with the method according to the invention). In addition, it must be generally noted at this point that, for the purposes of the invention, the term “yarn break” is understood to mean any unwanted or uncontrolled cutting off of a yarn section on the rewinding side from the fiber composite or an end of the yarn on the spinning unit side leaving the spinning unit.
It is advantageous if the return unit includes an air jet, with the assistance of which an air flow directed towards the spinning point is able to be generated. With the assistance of the corresponding air flow, it is possible to blow the end of the yarn found in the yarn accumulator in the direction of the spinning unit. In this area, it may be finally sucked in by the spinning unit and transported in the direction of the fiber composite, in order to be fed to the described spinning process. Such a return is desired particularly following the removal of a yarn fault, whereas, in this connection, reference is made to the description of the method according to the invention. The air jet is preferably connected to a control unit, which is also connected to the yarn accumulator or the vacuum power source connected to the yarn accumulator. Thereby, it is possible to disable the yarn accumulator during the return of the end of the yarn in the direction of the spinning unit, in order to preclude the yarn accumulator from preventing a return of the end of the yarn in the area of the spinning unit.
It is particularly advantageous if the return unit includes a mechanically operated return element, for example a lever assembly that is able to be brought into contact with the yarn. The return element may be placed, for example, in the area of a yarn intake opening of the yarn accumulator. In particular, the return element should be arranged in such a manner that, upon its movement, it is able to be brought into contact with the yarn, in order to be able to, after a yarn break, capture the end of the yarn that is present and preferably fixed with the assistance of the yarn accumulator, and move into the area of a yarn outlet opening of the spinning unit. This ultimately enables a return of the end of the yarn in the area in which it is connected to the fiber composite in the course of the spinning process.
It is advantageous if the sensor system includes at least two sensors spaced from each other, with the assistance of which the presence of the yarn in the area of the respective sensor is detectable. For example, the yarn accumulator could include an elongated interior, in which the yarn is kept in the shape of a loop with the assistance of a vacuum. If the loop is located between the two sensors, which are to be placed adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the interior, the filling level of the yarn accumulator corresponds to the target value. However, if both sensors detect the presence of a yarn section, the rewinding speed of the spooling device of the control unit should be increased to reduce the filling level of the yarn accumulator. If a yarn is not detected by any of the sensors, the control unit should be designed to reduce the rewinding speed, in order to increase the filling level of the yarn accumulator (assuming there is no yarn break, which could be detected, for example, with the assistance of the yarn detector). Alternatively, it would also be ultimately conceivable that the sensor system contains more than two sensors, preferably spaced from each other. Likewise, only one sensor could be present, which is able to monitor the filling level of the yarn accumulator on the basis of the presence of a yarn in one or more predetermined positions within the yarn accumulator. Generally, the sensor(s) may also be formed as camera(s), which are able to evaluate their captured images, for example, with the assistance of corresponding image analysis software, such that information with regard to the filling level of the yarn accumulator can be extracted from the images. Moreover, the sensor(s) may be formed as capacitive sensors, which are likewise suitable for detecting the presence of a yarn in one or more predetermined positions within the yarn accumulator.
There are also advantages if the spinning point is in operative connection with a control unit, with the assistance of which the winding speed of the spooling device is able to be influenced, depending on the information on the filling level of the yarn accumulator supplied by the sensor system. In this manner, it is ensured that the filling level of the yarn accumulator always corresponds to a value within defined limits. In this case, the yarn accumulator may both deliver and take in a certain length of yarn, and thus bring about the desired buffer effect during the production of the yarn. As a result, ultimately, fluctuations in the rewinding speed and/or the delivery speed of the spinning unit may be absorbed in a simple manner, without this leading to a yarn break.
Moreover, it is also advantageous if the spinning point includes a yarn brake downstream of the yarn accumulator in the direction of transport. The yarn brake may include, for example, a spring assembly, with the assistance of which a certain clamping force may be exercised on the yarn. Preferably, the clamping force is to be governed, in particular by means of a control unit (it should at least be possible to be able to switch on the yarn brake with the assistance of the control unit only when necessary, in order to be able to enable or disable, as the case may be, the braking effect exerted on the yarn).
It is also advantageous if the spinning point includes a yarn separation unit, which is preferably placed in the area of the yarn accumulator. The yarn separation unit may include, for example, a blade unit, with the assistance of which a certain yarn section is able to be separated from the remaining yarn after the detection of a yarn break.
In connection with the yarn accumulator, it is also advantageous if this is connected to a vacuum power source. In this case, the yarn accumulator operators pneumatically and, when coupled with the vacuum power source, brings about a suction of the yarn section located in the area of the yarn accumulator. In particular, the yarn accumulator may be formed as a tube and may be connected with a corresponding vacuum power source through a switchable valve, such that the suction effect of the yarn accumulator can be enabled and disabled. Alternatively, the yarn accumulator could of course also include mechanically operated or working elements that allow for an intermediate accumulation of the yarn, for example through a winding process.
It is also advantageous if the yarn accumulator has at least one injection nozzle, with the assistance of which an air flow is able to be generated within the yarn accumulator, the flow of which is directed in a direction turned away from a yarn intake opening of the yarn accumulator. Because of the Venturi effect, the air flow brings about an amplification of the suction effect of the yarn accumulator. In particular, it is advantageous in this context if the injection nozzle(s) is/are in operative connection with a control unit, which is formed to then feed the injection nozzle(s) with compressed air, if the yarn is to be partially rewound from the spool after a yarn break (this is particularly useful to ensure that not only the detected yarn fault, but also a correspondingly long yarn section preceding the yarn fault that likewise already deviates from the predetermined standard of quality, can be separated from the remaining yarn).
It is also advantageous if the spinning point has, preferably in the area of the yarn accumulator, a yarn end preparator for processing an end of the yarn prior to a subsequent spinning process. The yarn end preparator may be a component of the yarn accumulator, or may be placed in its immediate vicinity and connected to it through corresponding bracket sections. In this case, the end of the yarn may be mechanically processed accordingly (e.g., freed from the existing swirl of individual fibers) before the aforementioned return in the direction of the spinning process takes place. In particular, if the yarn accumulator, the specified yarn separation unit and the yarn end preparator are structurally combined, this gives rise to a compact unit, which can be allocated to any of the individual spinning points of the spinning machine according to the invention.
It is also advantageous if the spinning point is connected with a control unit, which is formed to operate the spinning point in accordance with one or more aspects of the following description.
The method according to the invention for the operation of a spinning machine (in particular with one or more of the previously described characteristics) is initially characterized in that, during the spinning process, the yarn produced in the spinning point is drawn from the spinning point with the assistance of a drawing-off device, the drawn yarn is monitored with the assistance of a yarn detector regarding at least one physical parameter, the drawn yarn passes through a yarn accumulator, the filling level of the yarn accumulator is monitored with the assistance of a sensor system, the yarn is rewound with the assistance of a spooling device after passing through the yarn accumulator and the winding speed of the spooling device is governed depending on the filling level of the yarn accumulator. With regard to possible physical or design characteristics of the specified components, reference is made to the previous and following description.
As mentioned above, yarn breaks frequently arise during the spinning process, whereas a “yarn break”, for the purposes of the invention, is understood to mean an unforeseeable tearing of the yarn or an active interruption of the yarn production through the throttling of the spinning unit after the detection of a yarn fault, during which an end of the yarn also arises.
After such an event, in order to avoid the use of a service robot, it is proposed within the framework of the invention for, in the case of a corresponding yarn break, the spooling device to be stopped as immediately as possible. In any event, it is provided that the stopping of the spooling device (i.e., the halting of the spool driven by the spooling device) is effected before the yarn has completely passed through the yarn accumulator. In other words, the stopping of the spooling device takes place in such a manner that, after its stop, an end section of the yarn remains within the yarn accumulator. This has the crucial advantage that, after the stopping of the spooling device and the spinning unit, the yarn comes to lie at a defined spot of the spinning point. Therefore, prior to the introduction of the steps described below, the end of the yarn need not be—as is typical in the state of the art—searched for on the surface of the spool and removed from it. Rather, the yarn is able to be seized in the area of the yarn accumulator, such that time-consuming intermediate steps can be omitted.
In the next step, it is provided that a part of the yarn is separated with the assistance of a yarn separation unit internal to the spinning point. If, prior to the stopping of the spooling device, a yarn fault was detected, it is expedient to separate the yarn fault and a certain section of yarn that was produced in front of the yarn fault, in order to ensure that, after the separation step, only yarn that corresponds to the quality requirements is found on the spool. For this purpose, is preferable that a part of the yarn that is already rewound is once again rewound by the spool, in order to enable a separation of the desired section of the yarn.
Finally, it is provided that the end of the yarn that is newly created in this manner is returned with the assistance of a return unit internal to the spinning point in the area of the spinning point, and a spinning process is then carried out, for which the end of the yarn is connected to the fiber composite supplied to the spinning unit, in order to be able to continue with the internal spinning process.
In connection with the aforementioned return of the yarn, it is advantageous if this takes place with the assistance of an air flow, or with the assistance of a mechanically operated return element, such as a lever assembly, whereas the relevant components (air jet/lever assembly) are preferably formed as a component of the respective spinning point. In this manner, the desired independent spinning process is possible, for which the use of the service robot may be avoided. During the return of the end of the yarn in the area of the spinning unit, it is also advantageous if the yarn accumulator, which is preferably pneumatically operated, is disabled. This prevents two forces acting in the opposite direction from being exercised on the end of the yarn, which could conflict with the return of the yarn.
Furthermore, it is advantageous if, during the spinning operation, the yarn is kept in tension with the assistance of a yarn brake placed between the yarn accumulator and the spooling device. For example, it is conceivable that the yarn is led through a clamping or a deflecting element, such that it is ensured that is rewound on the corresponding spool cleanly and without the unwanted formation of loops.
It is likewise advantageous if, during the spinning operation, the filling level of the yarn accumulator is monitored with the assistance of at least one sensor. This can ensure that the filling level (i.e., the length of the section of yarn located in the yarn accumulator) is always between a defined minimum value and a likewise predetermined maximum value. If the filling level is above the maximum value, the rewinding speed of the spooling device should be increased to reduce the filling level of the yarn accumulator. However, if the minimum value is not reached, the rewinding speed should be reduced in order to increase the length of the end of the yarn found in the yarn accumulator.
It is also advantageous if, during or after the stopping (following a yarn break) of the spooling device within the yarn accumulator, an air flow is produced, which is directed in a direction turned away from a yarn intake opening of the yarn accumulator. In particular, if the yarn accumulator is pneumatically operated, i.e., the yarn is sucked in with the assistance of a vacuum flow, given the air flow that is additionally introduced, the suction effect on the yarn can be amplified due to the Venturi effect. Such an amplified suction effect of the yarn accumulator on the yarn is particularly desirable in the stage of the method in which a certain section of yarn again is rewound from the spool, in order to, after a yarn break, be able to remove a necessary part of the yarn from the remaining yarn. In particular, it is also provided during this time period that the yarn brake (if any) is disabled, in order to enable the unwinding of the yarn from the spool.
Thereby, it is expressly advantageous if a length of yarn corresponding to the rewound yarn length is taken from the yarn accumulator. After the completion of the rewinding process, the end section of the yarn taken from the yarn accumulator is finally separated from the remaining yarn, preferably with the assistance of a yarn separation unit placed in the area of the yarn accumulator, and led away with the assistance of the yarn accumulator. For this purpose, the yarn accumulator may run over into an aft pipe, which is in turn connected to a vacuum power source.
It is advantageous if the resulting end of the yarn is processed with the assistance of a yarn end preparator, preferably mechanically, and then returned in the area of the spinning unit. As a result, the quality of the subsequent spinning process may be significantly increased, whereas, within the framework of the yarn end preparation, the swirl of the yarn (for example) is removed.
There are also advantages if, during the return of the yarn within the spinning unit, an air flow is produced that is in the opposite direction of the direction of transport. This brings about a suction of the end of the yarn, which is led into the area of the spinning unit with the assistance of the return unit internal to the spinning point (for example, in the form of an air jet). During the return, it is suitable to release and/or disable the yarn brake, and operate the spool in reverse, such that an additional section of the yarn is released. This ensures that the end of the yarn can be led up to the area of the spinning unit and/or an area of the spinning unit that is upstream in the direction of transport.
Additional advantages of the invention are described in the following embodiments. The following is shown:
The spinning point 1 that is shown also includes a drawing-off device 6 formed by, for example, a pair of draw-off rollers, with the assistance of which the yarn 2 is able to be drawn from the spinning unit 5 in a direction of transport with a predetermined drawing-off speed, along with a spooling device 9 downstream of the drawing-off device 6, which features a replaceable spool 22. The spooling device 9 serves the purpose of spooling the yarn 2 exiting the spinning nozzle, which leaves the spinning unit 5 through a corresponding yarn outlet.
In order to be able to monitor the quality of the produced yarn 2, the spinning machine according to the invention also has a yarn detector 21, which monitors defined physical parameters of the yarn 2 (such as its hairiness, the yarn thickness, the yarn strength or other parameters representative of the quality of the yarn 2). Thereby, the yarn detector 21 operates preferably without contact, and is also particularly formed to detect the presence of the yarn 2 in the area of the yarn detector 21 itself.
Finally, the spinning machine according to the invention possesses additional characteristic components units that are more specifically addressed in the following description.
It must be initially noted that, in regular intervals during the spinning operation, yarn faults 23 (defined as a certain deviation of the monitored yarn parameter from a target value) arise. With conventional air-jet spinning machines, the removal of such yarn faults 23 (so-called “cleaner cuts”) is carried out along the spinning points 1 by a patrolling service robot, but it is always the case that only one yarn fault 23 per time window is able to be removed, and the process must initially take place at the corresponding spinning point 1 before the necessary spinning process can be started. If yarn faults 23 simultaneously appear at several spinning points, this leads to a loss of production, which negatively affects the productivity of the spinning machine as a whole.
Likewise, a tearing of the yarn 2 may also occur during the production of the yarn, whereas in this case a resumption of spinning is necessary to be able to resume the spinning process.
According to the invention, the spinning point 1 has a yarn accumulator 7 described in the following, a yarn separation unit 17 along with a return unit 10, with the assistance of which a resumption of spinning is possible after a yarn break (tearing of the yarn or a controlled stopping of yarn production with the consequence that an end of the yarn also arises), without thereby a service robot having to proceed at the corresponding spinning point 1. In other words, the described spinning point 1 allows for an independent spinning process after the detection of a yarn fault 23 or a tear of the yarn 2.
In the following, reference is made to
Finally, the yarn 2 preferably passes through a yarn brake 16, which ensures that the yarn 2 may be wound up on the spool 22 under a certain tension (under certain circumstances, a yarn brake 16 may be dispensed with, since the yarn accumulator 7 already exerts a certain tension on the yarn 2).
Finally, the yarn 2 is wound on a spool 22 with the assistance of the spooling device 9 (which preferably includes a traversing unit for the yarn 2), whereas the winding speed is preferably governed with the assistance of a control unit 15 depending on the measured values that are supplied by a sensor system 8 placed in the area of the yarn accumulator 7. The sensor system 8 may include, for example, two adjacent sensors 14, which are placed at various distances from the yarn intake opening 20, and are able to detect the presence of the yarn 2 in the area of the respective sensor 14. If the sensor system 8 indicates that the yarn loop shown in
If, at that point, a tearing of the yarn 2 arises, or the yarn 2 exhibits a yarn fault 23, the respective event is detected by the yarn detector 21, and is reported to the control unit 15 of the spinning point 1 and/or the spinning machine. If a yarn fault 23 has been detected, the spinning unit 5 deliberately shuts down until the yarn 2 is no longer produced. At the same time, the spooling device 9 stops in such a manner that the end of the yarn 11 on the rewinding side arising from the production stop is located within the yarn accumulator 7 or between the yarn accumulator 7 and the spinning unit 5 (
In any event, it must also be ensured that, upon a yarn break, the spooling device 9 is stopped as quickly as possible, in order to prevent a complete rewinding of the end of the yarn 11 (this would have to be elaborately searched for on the surface of the spool prior to a spinning process).
In the next step, there is an unwinding of a certain yarn section from the spool 22 (this is driven in reverse if there is a disabled yarn brake 16), in order to ensure that the yarn fault 23 is able to be separated by a yarn separation unit 17 (see
In the next step, there is a separation of a corresponding long end section of the yarn 2 with the assistance of the yarn separation unit 17 (
In order to lead the newly created end of the yarn 11 back into the area of the spinning point 1, for ultimately carrying out the necessary spinning process, the spinning point 1 according to the invention possesses a return unit 10, which in the case of
If the air jet 12 is subject to excess pressure, the end of the yarn 11 that has been released from the yarn accumulator 7 in the interim is blown (“shot”) in the direction of the spinning unit 5, whereas, for this purpose, the drawing-off device 6 (if applicable) must be brought into a corresponding position, in which it is not located in the flight path of the end of the yarn 11 (in
Finally, the drawing-off device 6 is once again brought into its operating position, the section of the yarn required for the spinning process is rewound from the spool 22, such that the end of the yarn 11 is located at the position (for example, in the direction of transport seen in front of the spinning unit 5) provided for the spinning process (i.e., the connection with the fiber composite 4 and/or a section of the yarn produced in the interim by the spinning unit 5), and the yarn accumulator 7 is once again filled to the desired level (
Upon completion of the spinning process, the regular spinning process can be resumed, without the use of a service robot being necessary for this purpose.
Finally,
Moreover,
Finally, an advantageous embodiment of the previously described yarn accumulator 7 is shown in
This invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments. Variations within the framework of the patent claims, such as a combination of features, are also possible, even if they are presented and described in different embodiments.
1 spinning point
2 Yarn
3 Yarn end preparator
4 Fiber composite
5 Spinning unit
6 Drawing-off device
7 Yarn accumulator
8 Sensor system
9 Spooling device
10 Return unit
11 End of the yarn
12 Air jet
13 Lever assembly
14 Sensor
15 Control unit
16 Yarn brake
17 Yarn separation unit
18 Vacuum power source
19 Injection nozzle
20 Yarn intake opening
21 Yarn detector
22 Spool
23 Yarn fault
T Direction of transport
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2013 102 770.9 | Mar 2013 | DE | national |
