Patent Application
20200262236
The subject matter of the present disclosure relates generally to a spoke for a non-pneumatic wheel and a wheel incorporating such spoke.
The pneumatic tire is a known solution for compliance, comfort, mass, and rolling resistance. However, the pneumatic tire has disadvantages in complexity, the need for maintenance, and susceptibility to damage. A device that improves on pneumatic tire performance could, for example, provide more compliance, better control of stiffness, lower maintenance requirements, and resistance to damage.
Non-pneumatic tire or wheel constructions provide certain such improvements. The details and benefits of non-pneumatic tire or non-pneumatic wheel constructions are described in e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,769,465; 6,994,134; 7,013,939; and 7,201,194. Certain non-pneumatic tire and wheel constructions propose incorporating a resilient, annular shear band, embodiments of which are described in e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,769,465 and 7,201,194. Such non-pneumatic tire and wheel constructions provide advantages in performance without relying upon a gas inflation pressure for support of the loads applied to the tire or wheel.
In some non-pneumatic constructions, vehicle load is applied to a wheel hub that is connected with an annular shear band through load bearing members in the form of e.g., a web or spoke. These members can transmit the load to the annular shear band through e.g., tension, compression, or both. A layer of tread can be applied to the shear band to provide protection against from the travel surface.
The non-pneumatic wheel may wear or suffer damage during use. For example, the tread may wear, the load bearing members may be cut or nicked, and other effects from usage may occur. For certain constructions, the tread, load bearing members, and annular band may be constructed from various polymeric materials that wear or age from use while the hub may be constructed from one or more metals and could potentially be reused.
However, replacement or repair of the tread or the load bearing members may not be practical or economical. For example, because of the integral construction of the hub and load bearing members, prior non-pneumatic wheels may not be readily amenable to substituting different spokes or an annular band into the non-pneumatic wheel, substituting different hubs into the non-pneumatic wheel, or both. Such a substitution would require e.g., destructive steps to cut or extricate the spoke from the annular band or the hub of the non-pneumatic wheel.
Accordingly, a spoke for a non-pneumatic wheel that can be more readily molded with reinforcements, various shapes, one or more layers of material, and other features would be useful. Such a spoke that can be readily incorporated into a non-pneumatic wheel without integral construction with the wheel hub would also be beneficial. A spoke that can be more readily connected and disconnected from the wheel hub, the compliant band, or both, would also be useful. A non-pneumatic wheel incorporating such spoke would also be beneficial.
The present invention provides a spoke for a non-pneumatic wheel and the wheel incorporating such spoke. The spoke is provided with one or more features that may allow e.g., a non-pneumatic tire of the wheel to be removed from a wheel hub so that another hub or tire can be substituted. The spoke has a reinforcement structure that may include one or more features providing support for operation of the non-pneumatic wheel. Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the following description, or may be apparent from the description, or may be learned through practice of the invention.
In one exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides a spoke for a non-pneumatic wheel defining radial, axial, and circumferential directions. The spoke includes a web-like body extending along the radial direction between a radially-outer end and a radially inner end and extending along an axial direction between opposing edges of the web-like body. The web like body includes a reinforcement structure extending along the radial direction. An outer anchor is positioned at the radially outer end and includes an outer pair of arms extending in an opposing manner along the circumferential direction away from the web-like body. An inner anchor is positioned at the radially inner end and includes an inner pair of arms extending in an opposing manner along the circumferential direction away from the web-like body.
In certain embodiments, the reinforcement structure may include an outer fold at the radially-outer end and an inner terminus at the radially-inner end. In certain embodiments, the reinforcement structure may include an outer terminus at the radially-outer end and an inner fold at the radially-inner end. In still other embodiments, the reinforcement structure includes an inner terminus at the radially-inner end and an outer terminus at the radially-outer end.
The present invention also includes non-pneumatic wheels incorporating the spokes of these embodiments.
These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following description and appended claims. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
A full and enabling disclosure of the present invention, including the best mode thereof, directed to one of ordinary skill in the art, is set forth in the specification, which makes reference to the appended figures, in which:
For purposes of describing the invention, reference now will be made in detail to embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the drawings. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the invention, not limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment, can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents
As used herein, the following definitions apply.
Axial direction A refers to a direction parallel to an axis about which a referenced exemplary wheel or tire rotates during use.
Radial direction R refers to a direction perpendicular to axial direction A with radially-outer or radially outward referring to a general direction away from axial direction A, and radially-inner or radially inward referring to a general direction towards axial direction A.
Circumferential direction C refers to a direction defined by the circumference of the wheel or tire, or the direction of rotation the wheel or tire about an axis.
Wheel 50 includes a non-pneumatic tire 70 supported on wheel hub 52, which includes an annular receiver 72 and a central portion 74. Central portion 74 is provided with a series of apertures 54 through which threaded lugs or other fasteners may be inserted in order to mount wheel 50 onto e.g., the axle of a vehicle. Central portion 74 may be e.g., welded to annular receiver 72, fastened to annular receiver 72, or formed integrally therewith. The appearance and features of hub 52, and particularly central portion 74, are provided by way of example only and other configurations may be used as well.
Non-pneumatic wheel 50 also includes a compliant, load supporting band 56 positioned radially outward of a hub 52 and positioned concentrically with hub 52. A plurality of load supporting members or spokes 100 extend along the radial direction R between hub 52 and load supporting band 56. A tread 58 may be formed on, or provided as part of, load supporting band 56. For example, tread band 58 may be adhered to load supporting band 56, embedded therein, or formed integrally as shown in
By way of example, load supporting band 56 may be constructed to include shear band 68 having an inner reinforcing band 60, outer reinforcing band 64, and a shear layer 62 positioned therebetween. Shear layer 62 may be constructed e.g. of an elastomeric material such as e.g., natural and synthetic rubbers, polyurethanes, foamed rubbers and polyurethanes, segmented copolyesters, and block co-polymers of nylon. The reinforcing bands 60, 64 may include reinforcements constructed from e.g., essentially inextensible cord reinforcements embedded in an elastomeric coating. Such reinforcements may include e.g., any of several materials suitable for use as tire belt reinforcements in conventional tires such as cords of steel, composites of glass and resin such as e.g., fiberglass reinforced plastics, and other materials having a high modulus in tension and compression. Other constructions including e.g., different layers and materials may be used as well.
Spokes 100 are adjacent to one another and spaced apart about circumferential direction C of wheel 50. Spokes 100 may have other shapes and configurations from what is shown in
A variety of shapes may be used for web-like body 102. For example, as shown in
Referring to
Anchors 112 and 114 provide versatility to the use of spoke 100 and its integration into wheel 50. For example, as shown in
For this exemplary embodiment, outer anchor 112 is attached to annular band 56. A variety of methods may be used to attach band 56 and outer anchor 112. For example, outer anchor 112 may be mechanically fastened or adhered to band 56. Alternatively, outer anchor 112 could be integrally formed with band 56. Other constructions may also be used.
Referring to the exemplary embodiment of
At radially-outer end 104, reinforcement structure 124 is unfolded or lacks any fold. Instead, in this embodiment, radially-outer end 104 includes a radially-outer terminus 127 that projects from web-like body 102 directly into outer anchor 112 towards radially-outer surface 113 and is centrally located between arms 116 and 118 along circumferential direction C. As such, reinforcement structure 124 lacks a fold in outer anchor 112 because, for certain applications such fold is unnecessary.
For this exemplary embodiment, as depicted in
For one exemplary embodiment, as used herein, “inextensible” means the material has an elongation at break of 12 percent or less as measured at 23° C. according to ASTM 885. By way of example, cords 130 may be constructed from nylon, steel, combinations thereof, and other materials as well. Cords 130 may be positioned across the entire axial width W of web-like body 102 so that cords 130 are near edges 108 and 110 (
Referring to
For this exemplary embodiment, layers 136 and 138 form a first pair of layers immediately adjacent to cords 130 and a second pair of layers 132 and 134 are positioned outside of first pair of layers 136, 138. As with layers 136 and 138, layers 132 and 134 extend between the radially-outer end 104 and radially inner end 106 and, therefore, have substantially the same length and shape as reinforcement structures 124. Layers 132, 134, 136, and 138 may be folded at radially-inner end 106 as shown in
Various materials can be used for layers 132, 134, 136, and 138. In one exemplary embodiment of the invention, first pair of layers 136, 138 are constructed from a first polymeric material while second pair of layers 132, 134 are constructed from a second polymeric material. For example, the first polymeric material may have e.g., an elongation modulus MA10 (according to ASTM D412) measured at 10 percent elongation and at a temperature of 23° C. that is in the range of 1 to 10 MPa (megapascals). The second polymeric material may have e.g., an elongation modulus MA10 (according to ASTM D412) measured at 10 percent elongation and at a temperature of 23° C. that is in the range of 1 to 5 MPa. The first and second polymeric materials may be constructed of elastomeric materials that are tacky such that e.g., they will self-adhere or stick to themselves and/or each other during manufacture.
Various materials may be used for outer anchor 112 and inner anchor 114. For example, outer anchor 112 may be constructed from a polymeric material having e.g., an elongation modulus MA10 (according to ASTM D412) measured at 10 percent elongation and at a temperature of 23° C. that is in the range of 10 to 30 MPa (megapascals). Inner anchor 114 may be constructed from a polymeric material having e.g., an elongation modulus MA10 (according to ASTM D412) measured at 10 percent elongation and at a temperature of 23° C. that is in the range of 20 to 60 MPa (megapascals).
At radially-inner end 106, reinforcement structure 124 is unfolded or lacks any fold. Instead, in this embodiment, radially-inner end 106 includes a radially-inner terminus 129 that projects radially-inward from web-like body 102 directly into inner anchor 114 towards radially-inner surface 115 and is centrally located between arms 120 and 122 along circumferential direction C. As such, reinforcement structure 124 lacks a fold in inner anchor 114 because, for certain applications, such fold is unnecessary. Reinforcement structure 124 and spoke 100 may otherwise be constructed as previously described for the exemplary embodiments of
While the present subject matter has been described in detail with respect to specific exemplary embodiments and methods thereof, it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art, upon attaining an understanding of the foregoing may readily produce alterations to, variations of, and equivalents to such embodiments. Accordingly, the scope of the present disclosure is by way of example rather than by way of limitation, and the subject disclosure does not preclude inclusion of such modifications, variations and/or additions to the present subject matter as would be readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art using the teachings disclosed herein.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2017/055435 | 9/8/2017 | WO | 00 |
