The present invention relates to sports training, and in particular, to machines for use in basketball, volleyball, and other sports training.
“Practice makes perfect,” so the adage goes. The game of basketball (as well as other sports) is not exempt from this age old adage. Practice is known to improve a player's basketball skills. Taking numerous shots at a basketball hoop is a key element of basketball practice as it develops the player's shooting ability and technique. However, unless a second player is present to rebound for the first player (the shooter), the first player must rebound his or her own shots. This rebounding process wastes time that could otherwise be used by the player to practice skills including shooting.
A wide variety of ball collectors have been conceived to collect basketballs shot at a basketball goal (including a backboard with an attached hoop). These ball collectors generally include netting and a frame positioned under and around the basketball goal. Ball collectors are often used in conjunction with a ball returner, which directs a ball back from the ball collector to the shooter.
Motorized ball returners can return basketballs to a shooter at various locations on a basketball court. Ball returners can be motorized and have programs that determine which direction to return balls, how many times to return the ball, etc. However, such ball returners can return basketballs only in a manner in which the ball returner is already programmed. This limits the usefulness of such ball returners.
Some motorized ball returners also calculate shooting percentage. A shot completion sensor senses whether a basketball goes through a basketball hoop, and sends that data to a computer that then calculates a shooting percentage over several shots. Such systems provide information on whether a shooter is shooting well or poorly, but do not provide data on why the shooter is shooting well or poorly.
According to the present invention, a basketball training apparatus includes a shot completion sensor, a condition sensor, and a computer. The shot completion sensor determines whether a shot goes through a basketball hoop. The condition sensor senses a physical condition of a basketball shooter. The computer is in communication with the shot completion sensor and the condition sensor, and has a processor for calculating shot completion percentage as a function of the physical condition.
Another embodiment of the present invention is a training apparatus. A ball returner is connected to a ball collector for receiving balls from the ball collector and returning the balls to a user. A condition sensor senses a physical condition of the user. A computer is connected to the ball returner and in communication with the condition sensor. The computer has an output interface for outputting physical condition data of the user.
Another embodiment of the present invention is a method. The method includes sensing a physical condition of a basketball shooter and sensing whether a shot from the basketball shooter goes through a basketball hoop. The method further includes calculating a shot completion percentage for the shooter as a function of the physical condition of the shooter and outputting the shot completion percentage for the shooter as a function of the physical condition of the shooter via an output interface.
Another embodiment of the present invention is a training apparatus including a ball collector, a motorized ball returner, and a computer. The motorized ball returner is connected to the ball collector for receiving balls from the ball collector and returning those balls to the user. The computer is connected to the motorized ball returner and in communication with a website for receiving internet-based drill program instructions. The computer includes a machine controller for controlling angle and velocity with which the motorized ball returner throws balls to the user according to the internet-based drill program instruction.
Another embodiment of the present invention is a method for programming a motorized ball return apparatus. The method includes storing a plurality of sets of drill program instructions executable by a motorized ball return apparatus in at least one computer storage medium, wherein each set of drill program instructions corresponds to one of a plurality of internet-based drill programs for use with the motorized ball return apparatus. The method further includes displaying on a website the plurality of internet-based drill programs, receiving a request from a computer to transmit a first set of drill program instructions, and transmitting the first set of drill program instructions over an internet connection to the computer.
Another embodiment of the present invention is a basketball training apparatus including a ball collector, a motorized ball returner, a condition sensor, and a computer. The ball collector has a top opening and a bottom opening. The motorized ball returner is connected to the ball collector for receiving balls from the ball collector and returning the balls to a basketball shooter. The condition sensor senses heart rate of the basketball shooter. The computer is in communication with the motorized ball returner and the condition sensor. The computer adjusts speed of the ball returner depending on whether the user heart rate is greater than or less than a target heart rate.
Another embodiment of the present invention is a training apparatus including a ball collector, a ball returner, a condition sensor, and a computer. The ball returner is connected to the ball collector for receiving balls from the ball collector and returning the balls to a player. The condition sensor senses a physical condition of the player. The computer is in communication with the ball returner and the condition sensor. The computer adjusts speed of the ball returner depending on whether the physical condition is greater than or less than a target physical condition.
Ball collector 20 has a top opening defined by rim 28. Basketball return apparatus 12 is positioned near basketball goal 14 with ball collector 20 positioned under hoop 18. In this position, basketball return apparatus 12 can collect basketballs shot at basketball goal 14 in ball collector 20, which funnels the basketballs to ball returner 22. Rim 28 of ball collector 20 is substantially larger than hoop 18 so as to collect basketballs that miss or bounce off of basketball goal 14.
Ball returner 22 can return the collected basketballs to a shooter or another user, by throwing each basketball, such as basketball 30, in a direction α. Ball returner 22 can pivot by 210 degrees or more in a direction β so as to be able to aim and return basketball 30 to nearly any relevant portion of playing area 32 of basketball court 10. For example, ball returner 22 can return basketball 30 to a user at spot 51 on free-throw line 34 or at spots S2, S3 or S4 on three-point arc 36. This allows one or more users to practice shooting basketballs at various locations on basketball court 10 without having to rebound the shots. Thus, when positioned near basketball goal 14, basketball return apparatus 12 can collect basketballs shot at basketball goal 14 and throw those basketballs to the users at various locations on playing area 32. Basketball return apparatus 12 can be programmed to run one or more drills that determine when and how often basketball return apparatus 12 throws basketballs to spots 51, S2, S3, S4 and/or other spots on basketball court 10. Basketball return apparatus 12 can be used, not just on basketball court 10, but on virtually any suitable playing surface, such as a user's driveway.
Thus, when positioned away from basketball goal 14, basketball return apparatus 12 no longer collects basketballs shot at basketball goal 14. Instead, basketball return apparatus 12 can be positioned virtually anywhere on basketball court 10 and used to throw basketball 30 to users at various locations on playing area 32. From these additional locations, basketball return apparatus 12 can run one or more additional drill programs to simulate various passes, such as an inbound pass, low post pass, high post pass, lob pass, bounce pass, etc. to spots S 1, S2, S3, S4 and/or other spots on basketball court 10. Basketball return apparatus 12 can even thrown basketball 30 toward basketball goal 14 to simulate missed shots for rebounding practice. In order to reload basketball return apparatus 12 with more basketballs, users can throw basketballs over rim 28 into ball collector 20. Basketball return apparatus 12 can be used by various users, such as a shooter, coach, or trainer.
Support mechanism 52 connects ball collector 20, ball path cage 48, and ramp 50 to base 24. Support mechanism 52 includes support frame 54 and turntable 26. Top platform 56 of turntable 26 is rotatably connected to bottom platform 58 of turntable 26, and support frame 54 is fixedly connected to top platform 56. Bottom platform 58 is fixedly connected to base 24. Features and operation of ramp 50, support mechanism 52, turntable 26, and other components of basketball return apparatus 12 are further described in a provisional application Ser. No. 61/419,686 entitled “BASKETBALL RETURN APPARATUS WITH ROTATABLE BALL COLLECTOR” which was filed on Dec. 3, 2010 and is assigned to the same assignee as this application, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Ball returner 22 receives basketballs from ball path cage 48 through returner inlet 66. In the illustrated embodiment, ball returner 22 is a motorized ball returner having pneumatic pump motor 60, one or more air tanks 62, and throwing arm 64 all connected to ball returner frame 67. Pneumatic pump motor 60 is an ejection motor for actuating throwing arm 64. Pneumatic pump motor 60 delivers compressed air to air tanks 62. Air in air tanks 62 is released with a valve (not shown) to drive throwing arm 64 to throw basketballs out through returner outlet 68. In other embodiments, ball returner 22 can be another type of motorized ball returner or even a non-motorized ball returner such as a ramp. For example, ball returner 22 can be a ramp such as the ball return mechanism 34 disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,147,356 entitled “Basketball Return Apparatus” and assigned to Airborne Athletics, Inc.
Ball returner 22 also has pivot motor 70 fixedly connected to ball returner frame 67. Pivot motor 70 has shaft 72 connected to base 24. Pivot motor 70 drives ball returner 22 to pivot with respect to base 24, as described above with respect to
Base 24 has caster wheels 76 attached at each corner of a substantially rectangular base platform 78 for rolling basketball return apparatus 12 to desired positions on and off basketball court 10 (shown in
Ball returner 22 has an integrated computer 80, which has computer housing 82 attached to ball returner frame 67 of ball returner 22. Computer 80 controls operation of ball returner 22, including pneumatic pump motor 60 and pivot motor 70, as further described with respect to
Machine controller 86 is connected to pump motor 60 and pivot motor 70 for sending control signals to pump motor 60 and pivot motor 70. Machine controller 86 controls angle and velocity with which ball returner 22 throws balls to a user. Memory 88 stores data used by computer 80 to operate basketball return apparatus 12, including drill program instructions for operating ball returner 22. Microprocessor 84 signals machine controller 86 to operate pump motor 60 and pivot motor 70 in accordance with particular drill program instructions stored in memory 88.
For example, a user can use user interface 90 to select a first drill program for basketball return apparatus 12 to perform. In this example, the first drill program is designed to throw ten balls each to spots 51, S2, and S3 along three-point arc 36 (shown in
Computer 80 receives information from various sensors. One or more throw location sensors 96 sends a throw location signal to computer 80, which uses the throw location signal to determine where ball returner 22 throws each basketball. In one embodiment, throw location sensor 96 can be a potentiometer for determining which direction ball returner 22 is aiming. If throw location sensor 96 indicates that ball returner 22 is not aiming in a direction appropriate for a particular drill program, computer 80 can receive that indication and direct pivot motor 70 to rotate until throw location sensor 96 indicates that ball returner 22 is aiming in the appropriate direction. In other embodiments, throw location sensor 96 can also provide feedback related to height and distance of each throw.
Ball in play sensor 98 senses each time when ball returner 22 throws a basketball. Ball in play sensor 98 sends a ball in play signal to computer 80, which uses the ball in play signal to determine how long to wait before instructing pump motor 60 to throw another basketball.
Shot completion sensor 100 senses each time a basketball passes through hoop 18. Shot completion sensor 100 sends a shot completion signal to computer 80, which compares the shot completion signal to the ball in play signal to calculate a shot completion percentage. For example, if ball in play sensor 98 senses that ten basketballs are put in play and shot completion sensor 100 senses that only five basketballs passed through hoop 18, then computer 80 can calculate shooting percentage as 50%. In various embodiments, shot completion sensor 100 can be an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, a mechanical switch, or another sensor suitable for determining whether a basketball passes through hoop 18. Computer 80 can display shooting percentage to the user via display 94 to give the user feedback on his or her performance.
By incorporating throw location signal data from throw location sensors 96, microprocessor 84 of computer 80 can calculate shooting percentage as a function of shot location. For example, if a user takes one hundred shots each from spots S2, S3, and S4, computer 80 might determine that the user completed 20% of the shots from spot S2, 40% of the shots from spot S3, and 45% of the shots from spot S4. After viewing this information on display 94, the user can determine which locations could benefit most from additional practice. Shot completion sensor 100 can communicate with computer 80 over a wired or wireless connection. In one embodiment, shot completion sensor 100 can be an ultrasonic ball sensor that hangs from rim 18 or backboard 16.
Condition sensor 102 senses one or more physical conditions of a user, such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, fatigue, etc. In one embodiment, condition sensor 102 is a heart rate monitor for sensing a user's heart rate. In another embodiment, condition sensor 102 is an oximeter for sensing oxygen saturation levels in a user's blood. In yet another embodiment, condition sensor 102 is a lactic acid monitor for sensing lactic acid in user's system. In other embodiments, condition sensor 102 can sense one or more other physical conditions of a user in addition to, or instead of, one or more of the conditions listed above.
Condition sensor 102 sends a physical condition signal to computer 80. In one embodiment, condition sensor 102 can be worn on a user's body during the course of a drill program or an extended training session that includes multiple drill programs. For example, condition sensor 102 can be worn on a headband, on a wristband, on a chest-strap, and/or on a belt. When worn by the user, condition sensor 102 can send the physical condition signal to computer 80 wirelessly. In another embodiment, condition sensor 102 can be physically connected to basketball return apparatus 12, such as being integrated with user interface 90. When integrated with user interface 90, condition sensor 102 can be used by the user before, after, and during breaks in a drill program or the user's overall training session.
Computer 80 receives the physical condition signal from condition sensor 102, and stores physical condition data in memory 88. Physical condition data can include heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, fatigue, calories burned by a shooter or user, and/or shooting percentage as a function of physical condition. Microprocessor 84 of computer 80 can calculate shooting percentage as a function of physical condition of a user. Computer 80 can then output physical condition data via an output interface such as user interface 90, external data source 104 or website 106. In one embodiment, computer 80 displays shooting percentage a function of one or more physical conditions to the user via display 94 on user interface 90. This provides feedback of not only how well or poorly the user is shooting, but can also provide helpful feedback regarding why the user is shooting either well or poorly. After viewing this information on display 94, the user can determine whether to modify his or her diet, conditioning, or other factors than can affect his or her physical condition.
In one embodiment, external data source 104 is an external computer (such as a laptop computer, a computer workstation, a personal computer, a personal digital assistant, a cellular phone, a mobile phone, a smart phone, a digital tablet, an internet appliance, or virtually any suitable device), connected to computer 80 via a wired or wireless connection (such as Bluetooth, WiMax, 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, a proprietary communications network, infrared, optical, or the public switched telephone network). In another embodiment, external data source 104 is a USB device or other data storage device for transferring data from computer 80 to an external computer.
Computer 80 can store data from the various sensors 96, 98, 100, and 102 in memory 88. The data can be stored for multiple users over multiple training sessions, over an entire basketball season, and even over each users' entire career. This allows a user to track progress over time. Shooting percentage data, as a function of shot location and as a function of one or more physical conditions, can be of interest not just to the user, but can also be of interest to the user's coach or other trainer.
Shooting percentage data can be viewed directly on display 94. Alternatively, or additionally, shooting percentage data can be transferred to external data source 104. Computer 80 can save the shooting percentage data in virtually any format suitable for use on an external computer, such as comma-separated value (“csv”) database file or other suitable file format. This allows a user to review physical condition data, shooting percentage data, and other data from the various sensors 96, 98, 100, and 102 on an external computer away from basketball return apparatus 12, or to share that data with the user's trainer, coach, or someone else for review away from basketball return apparatus 12. Physical condition data, shooting percentage data, and other data from the various sensors 96, 98, 100, and 102 can also be transferred to and available for review on website 106.
A user can conceive various drill programs for use with basketball return apparatus 12 that were not originally programmed into computer 80. The user can create a custom drill program via user interface 90, external data source 104, and/or website 106. In one embodiment, a user can use website 106 to create a custom drill program. The custom drill program can be similar to existing drill programs with only minor modifications or can be a vastly different basketball drill program. Website 106 can then translate the custom drill program into a set of basketball drill program instructions that are executable by basketball return apparatus 12. Then, computer 80 can download the set of basketball drill program instructions from website 106 to be stored in memory 88. Thus, the basketball drill program instructions available on website 106 can be referred to as internet-based basketball drill program instructions.
Each new custom drill program need not be used only by the user that created it. Rather, users can share the custom drill programs they create with other users via website 106. Thus, each use can view a plurality of custom drill programs on website 106 and download sets of internet-based basketball drill program instructions corresponding to the custom drill programs the user desires. Users can create the custom drill programs directly on website 106 for sharing. Alternatively or in addition, users can create the custom drill programs using computer 80 and/or external data source 104, and then upload those custom drill programs to website 106. Custom drill programs can be created by manufacturers of basketball return apparatus 12, by purchasers of basketball return apparatus 12, or by other parties.
Website 106 can provide videos and/or simulations of each custom drill program to illustrate the custom drill program to a potential user. This allows a potential user to determine whether the custom drill program is desirable prior to downloading the corresponding set of internet-based basketball drill program instructions to the user's basketball return apparatus 12.
Computer 80 can also control ball returner 22 as a function of physical condition data from condition sensor 102. For example, computer 80 can execute a heart rate drill that seeks to keep a user's heart rate at or near a target heart rate. The heart rate drill can start by the user entering a desired target heart rate. Then computer 80 can control pump motor 60 and pivot motor 70 of ball returner 22 to function at increasing or decreasing rates depending on whether the user's sensed heart rate is greater than or less than the users target heart rate. For example, if the user entered a target heart rate of 140 beats per minute but the user's actual heart rate is at 120 beats per minute, computer 80 can control pump motor 60 to throw basketballs at a faster rate. Alternatively, or in addition, computer 80 can control pivot motor 70 to pivot more often and/or pivot more quickly. This can give a user more control over a cardiovascular aspect of an exercise workout.
If at step 202 the user chooses to upload an existing basketball drill program, then that basketball drill program and a corresponding set of basketball drill program instructions are received from the user (step 218). In that case, steps 204, 206, and 208 can be omitted. The existing basketball drill program can be created using computer 80 or external data source 104 prior to uploading.
One or more of steps 200-218 can be repeated to transmit a second set of basketball drill program instructions that correspond to a second internet-based drill program to the computer that made the request.
In an alternative embodiment, basketball return apparatus 12 (described with respect to
While the invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. For example, a basketball return apparatus can have additional sensors, motors, electronics, or other features not specifically described herein without departing from the essential scope of the invention.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/958,733 filed on Apr. 20, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/599,057, filed on May 18, 2017, and entitled “SPORTS TRAINING MACHINE,” which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/080,560, filed on Nov. 14, 2013, and entitled “SPORTS TRAINING MACHINE,” which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/726,741, filed on Nov. 15, 2012, and entitled “SPORTS TRAINING MACHINE,” the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference. Reference is also made to application Ser. No. 13/310,173 entitled “BASKETBALL RETURN APPARATUS WITH ROTATABLE BALL COLLECTOR” which was filed on Dec. 2, 2011 and is assigned to the same assignee as this application, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
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