Patent Grant
9358561
Spray head assemblies incorporating an integrated air cap/nozzle, and liquid spray guns including the integrated air cap/nozzles are described herein.
Spray guns are widely used in vehicle body repair shops when spraying a vehicle with liquid coating media, e.g., primer, paint and/or clearcoat. Typically the spray gun includes a body and an integral handle, with a compressed air inlet, air passageways, a liquid nozzle assembly, and a trigger mechanism for releasing the liquid to a nozzle for discharge of the liquid in the form of an atomized spray. During use, the coating media may accumulate on the exterior and interior surfaces of the gun. Unless thoroughly cleaned between operations, dried coating media may accumulate, thereby adversely affecting spraying performance, and possibly contaminating subsequent applications.
Spray head assemblies used with liquid spray guns typically include an air cap and a nozzle tip, both of which are often removable from the liquid spray gun for cleaning and/or to change the spraying properties by, e.g., using an air cap and/or nozzle tip having different characteristics. Typically, however, the air cap of a spray head assembly must be removed with the entire spray head assembly or before the nozzle tip can be removed. That requirement can complicate changes in the nozzle tip to obtain different spray characteristics and/or changing or cleaning clogged nozzle tips, etc., and may, in some instances, require replacement of the entire spray head assembly when only the nozzle tip needs to be changed.
For example, in some designs in which the air cap/nozzle are constructed of molded, solvent resistant plastic, removal of the air cap from the liquid spray gun body and/or the spray head assembly may damage the air cap, making its re-use impossible. In other instances, even the potential damage that could be caused by removal of the air cap may result in its replacement in those instances where the cost of potential damage to the air cap far exceeds the cost of merely replacing it along with the nozzle as a precautionary measure.
Spray head assemblies including integrated air cap/nozzles, and liquid spray guns that include the integrated air cap/nozzles are described herein. In some embodiments, the integrated air cap/nozzles may be constructed of a molded plastic and include features designed to deliver both air and the liquid to be sprayed in a manner that results in a spray coating.
In some implementations of the present disclosure, integrated air cap/nozzles described herein provide and define both the liquid nozzle openings and the center air outlets for the center air of the spray head assemblies described herein. The integrated air cap/nozzles are removably attached over a liquid nozzle port formed in the spray head assembly and/or on the spray gun platform using any suitable attachment mechanism. In addition, the removable integrated air cap/nozzles are designed to be removed while the portion of the spray head assembly remains assembled and attached to the liquid spray gun platform. As a result, the removable integrated air cap/nozzles of the spray head assemblies described herein can preferably be removed for cleaning and/or replacement without requiring removal or detachment of other components from the barrel or spray gun platform.
In one implementation, the present disclosure is directed to a spray head assembly for attachment to a liquid spray gun platform, which includes a barrel comprising a liquid supply passage extending from an inlet end in the barrel to a nozzle port on the barrel. The spray head assembly further includes an integrated air cap/nozzle capable of being removably attached to the barrel. The integrated air cap/nozzle includes a front wall comprising a center air outlet; a nozzle body attached to the integrated air cap/nozzle, the nozzle body comprising a nozzle body inlet end and a nozzle outlet end; a liquid nozzle opening formed in the nozzle outlet end of the nozzle body and a nozzle passage extending through the nozzle body from the nozzle body inlet to the liquid nozzle opening. The nozzle body inlet is positioned over the nozzle port on the barrel when the integrated air cap/nozzle is attached to the barrel such that liquid entering the nozzle passage through the nozzle port exits from the liquid nozzle opening after passing through the nozzle passage. When attached to the barrel, the integrated air cap/nozzle defines a center air chamber that extends from a barrel inlet to the center air outlet in the integrated air cap/nozzle, wherein air entering the barrel inlet passes through the center air chamber before passing out of the center air outlet during use of the spray head assembly. The removal of the integrated air cap/nozzle from the barrel removes the nozzle body from the nozzle port of the barrel.
In another aspect, the present disclosure is directed to a spray head assembly for attachment to a liquid spray gun platform, which includes a barrel adaptor configured for attachment to a liquid spray gun platform, wherein the barrel adaptor comprises a nozzle port. The spray head assembly further includes an integrated air cap/nozzle removably attached to the barrel adaptor. The integrated air cap/nozzle includes a front wall comprising a center air outlet; a nozzle body attached to the integrated air cap/nozzle, the nozzle body comprising an inlet end and a nozzle outlet end; a liquid nozzle opening formed in the nozzle outlet end of the nozzle body; a nozzle body inlet formed in the nozzle body; and a nozzle passage extending through the nozzle body from the nozzle body inlet to the liquid nozzle opening. The nozzle body inlet is positioned over the nozzle port on the barrel when the integrated air cap/nozzle is attached to the barrel adaptor such that liquid entering the nozzle passage through the nozzle port exits from the nozzle passage through the liquid nozzle opening. When attached to the barrel adaptor, the integrated air cap/nozzle defines a center air chamber that extends from the barrel plate to the center air outlet in the integrated air cap/nozzle, wherein air enters the center air chamber through the center air aperture in the barrel plate before passing out of the center air outlet during use of the spray head assembly. The removal of the integrated air cap/nozzle from the barrel adaptor removes the nozzle body from the nozzle port of the barrel adaptor.
In yet another aspect, the present disclosure is directed to an integrated air cap/nozzle for a liquid spray gun. The integrated air cap/nozzle has a cap body comprising a nozzle body having a liquid nozzle opening through which liquid exits during operation of the liquid spray gun and a center air outlet through which center air discharges when a liquid is sprayed through the liquid nozzle opening. The liquid nozzle opening and the center air outlet are formed in the cap body.
In yet another aspect, the present disclosure is directed to a liquid spray gun including a liquid spray gun comprising a nozzle port and a removable integrated air cap/nozzle. The removable integrated air cap/nozzle includes a nozzle body and is removably attached to the liquid spray gun such that the nozzle body of the integrated air cap/nozzle is positioned over the nozzle port when the integrated air cap/nozzle is attached to the liquid spray gun. The integrated air cap/nozzle comprises a liquid nozzle opening through which liquid exits during operation of the liquid spray gun and a center air outlet through which center air discharges when a liquid is sprayed through the integrated air cap/nozzle. The liquid nozzle opening and the center air outlet are formed in the removable integrated air cap/nozzle.
The present disclosure includes, but is not limited to, the following exemplary embodiments:
Embodiment 1. A spray head assembly for attachment to a liquid spray gun platform, wherein the spray head assembly comprises:
a barrel comprising a liquid supply passage extending from an inlet end in the barrel to a nozzle port on the barrel;
an integrated air cap/nozzle capable of being removably attached to the barrel, wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle comprises:
wherein, when attached to the barrel, the integrated air cap/nozzle defines a center air chamber that extends from a barrel inlet to the center air outlet in the integrated air cap/nozzle, wherein air entering the barrel inlet passes through the center air chamber before passing out of the center air outlet during use of the spray head assembly;
wherein removal of the integrated air cap/nozzle from the barrel removes the nozzle body from the nozzle port of the barrel.
Embodiment 2. A spray head assembly according to Embodiment 1, further comprising a structure for removably attaching the integrated air cap/nozzle to the barrel, which includes one or more features disposed on a surface of the integrated air cap/nozzle and one or more mating structures disposed on a surface of the barrel.
Embodiment 3. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiment 1, further comprising a structure for removably attaching the integrated air cap/nozzle to the barrel, the removable structure being spaced apart from the nozzle body and the nozzle port.
Embodiment 4. A spray head assembly for attachment to a liquid spray gun platform, wherein the spray head assembly comprises:
a barrel adaptor configured for attachment to a liquid spray gun platform, wherein the barrel adaptor comprises a nozzle port;
an integrated air cap/nozzle removably attached to the barrel adaptor, wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle comprises:
wherein, when attached to the barrel adaptor, the integrated air cap/nozzle defines a center air chamber that extends from the barrel plate to the center air outlet in the integrated air cap/nozzle, wherein air enters the center air chamber through the center air aperture in the barrel plate before passing out of the center air outlet during use of the spray head assembly;
wherein removal of the integrated air cap/nozzle from the barrel adaptor removes the nozzle body from the nozzle port of the barrel adaptor.
Embodiment 5. A spray head assembly according to Embodiment 4, wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle is attached to the liquid spray gun platform over the barrel adaptor by a retaining ring.
Embodiment 6. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiments 1-5, wherein the front wall further comprises a nozzle aperture and wherein the nozzle outlet end is located in the nozzle aperture, and wherein the nozzle aperture and the nozzle outlet end define a gap therebetween, and further wherein the gap forms a center air outlet between the nozzle aperture and the nozzle outlet end.
Embodiment 7. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiments 1-6, wherein the nozzle body is attached to the front wall of the integrated air cap/nozzle by one or more support members extending from the nozzle body to the front wall.
Embodiment 8. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiments 1-7, wherein the gap formed by the nozzle outlet end and the nozzle aperture comprises an annular gap.
Embodiment 9. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiments 1-8, wherein the nozzle body comprises a nozzle sealing structure proximate the nozzle body inlet, wherein the nozzle sealing structure forms a liquid tight seal with the nozzle port on the barrel when the integrated air cap/nozzle is attached to the barrel.
Embodiment 10. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiments 1-9, wherein the nozzle body and the front wall are formed as an integral, one-piece component.
Embodiment 11. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiments 1-10, wherein the nozzle outlet end, the liquid nozzle opening, and the center air outlet are shaped to direct air under greater than atmospheric pressure against liquid flowing out of the liquid nozzle opening.
Embodiment 12. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiments 1-11, wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle comprises two air horns, and wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle, when attached to the barrel, also defines a fan control air chamber that extends from an inlet end of a fan air barrel passage formed in the barrel to apertures located on air horns projecting past the nozzle aperture, wherein the apertures in the air horns are located on opposite sides of an axis extending through the liquid nozzle opening such that air flowing out of the fan control air chamber through the apertures on the air horns under greater than atmospheric pressure flows against opposite sides of a stream of liquid exiting the liquid nozzle opening.
Embodiment 13. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiments 1-12, wherein the nozzle body comprises one or more frusto-conically shaped sections, one or more cylindrically shaped sections or a combination thereof.
Embodiment 14. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiments 1-13, wherein the nozzle port comprises a structure that is projecting, recessed or level with respect to a front wall of the barrel.
Embodiment 15. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiments 1-14, wherein the nozzle port comprises one or more frusto-conically shaped sections, one or more cylindrically shaped sections or a combination thereof.
Embodiment 16. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiments 1-12, wherein at least a portion of the nozzle port is received within the nozzle body.
Embodiment 17. A spray head assembly according to any one of Embodiments 1-12, wherein at least a portion of the nozzle body is received within the nozzle port.
Embodiment 18. A kit comprising a spray head assembly as recited in any one of Embodiments 1-17, wherein the kit further comprises a plurality of the integrated air cap/nozzles having different configurations.
Embodiment 19. An integrated air cap/nozzle for a liquid spray gun, wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle comprises:
a cap body comprising:
a nozzle body comprising a liquid nozzle opening through which liquid exits during operation of the liquid spray gun; and
a center air outlet through which center air discharges when a liquid is sprayed through the liquid nozzle opening;
wherein the liquid nozzle opening and the center air outlet are formed in the cap body.
Embodiment 20. An integrated air cap/nozzle according to Embodiment 19, wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle is removably attached to a liquid spray gun.
Embodiment 21. An integrated air cap/nozzle according to Embodiment 19, wherein the cap body further comprises a liquid port in fluid communication with the nozzle body.
Embodiment 22. An integrated air cap/nozzle according to any one of Embodiments 19-21, wherein the front wall further comprises a nozzle aperture and wherein the nozzle outlet end is located in the nozzle aperture, and wherein the nozzle aperture and the nozzle outlet end define a gap therebetween, and further wherein the gap forms a center air outlet between the nozzle aperture and the nozzle outlet end.
Embodiment 23. An integrated air cap/nozzle according to any one of Embodiments 19-21, wherein the nozzle body is attached to the front wall of the integrated air cap/nozzle by one or more support members extending from the nozzle body to the front wall.
Embodiment 24. An integrated air cap/nozzle according to any one of Embodiments 19-23, wherein the gap formed by the nozzle outlet end and the nozzle aperture comprises an annular gap.
Embodiment 25. An integrated air cap/nozzle according to any one of Embodiments 19-23, wherein the nozzle body comprises a nozzle sealing structure proximate the nozzle body inlet, wherein the nozzle sealing structure forms a liquid tight seal with the nozzle port on the barrel when the integrated air cap/nozzle is attached to the barrel.
Embodiment 26. An integrated air cap/nozzle according to any one of Embodiments 19-25, wherein the nozzle body and the front wall are formed as an integral, one-piece component.
Embodiment 27. An integrated air cap/nozzle according to any one of Embodiments 19-26, wherein the nozzle outlet end, the liquid nozzle opening, and the center air outlet are shaped to direct air under greater than atmospheric pressure against liquid flowing out of the liquid nozzle opening.
Embodiment 28. An integrated air cap/nozzle according to any one of Embodiments 19-27, wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle comprises two air horns, and wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle, when attached to the barrel, also defines a fan control air chamber that extends from an inlet end of a fan air barrel passage formed in the barrel to apertures located on air horns projecting past the nozzle aperture, wherein the apertures in the air horns are located on opposite sides of an axis extending through the liquid nozzle opening such that air flowing out of the fan control air chamber through the apertures on the air horns under greater than atmospheric pressure flows against opposite sides of a stream of liquid exiting the liquid nozzle opening.
Embodiment 29. An integrated air cap/nozzle according to any one of Embodiments 19-28, wherein the nozzle body comprises one or more frusto-conically shaped sections, one or more cylindrically shaped sections or a combination thereof.
Embodiment 30. A kit comprising an integrated air cap/nozzle as recited in any one of Embodiments 19-29, wherein the kit further comprises one or more integrated air cap/nozzles having a different configuration.
Embodiment 31.
A liquid spray gun comprising:
a liquid spray gun comprising a nozzle port; a removable integrated air cap/nozzle comprising a nozzle body, the integrated air cap/nozzle removably attached to the liquid spray gun, wherein the nozzle body of the integrated air cap/nozzle is positioned over the nozzle port when the integrated air cap/nozzle is attached to the liquid spray gun; and
wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle comprises a liquid nozzle opening through which liquid exits during operation of the liquid spray gun and a center air outlet through which center air discharges when a liquid is sprayed through the integrated air cap/nozzle;
wherein the liquid nozzle opening and the center air outlet are formed in the removable integrated air cap/nozzle.
Embodiment 32. A liquid spray gun according to Embodiment 31, wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle further comprises a liquid port in fluid communication with the nozzle body.
Embodiment 33. A spray head assembly according to any of Embodiments 1-17 wherein the front wall comprises at least one pair of auxiliary air apertures.
Embodiment 34. A kit according the Embodiment 18 wherein the front wall comprises at least one pair of auxiliary air apertures.
Embodiment 35. An integrated air cap/nozzles according to any of Embodiments 19-29 comprising at least on pair of auxiliary air apertures.
Embodiment 36. A kit according the Embodiment 30 wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle comprises at least one pair of auxiliary air apertures.
Embodiment 37. A liquid spray gun according to Embodiment 31 wherein the integrated air cap/nozzle comprises at least on pair of auxiliary air apertures.
The above summary is not intended to describe each embodiment or every implementation of the integrated air cap/nozzles, spray head assemblies, and liquid spray gun systems described herein. Rather, a more complete understanding of the invention will become apparent and appreciated by reference to the following Description of Illustrative Embodiments and claims in view of the accompanying figures.
In the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments of the liquid spray guns and components, reference is made to the accompanying figures which form a part thereof, and in which are shown, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the liquid spray guns and components described herein may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
By offering a user the ability to change the integrated air cap/nozzles during use without requiring disassembly of the remainder of the spray head assembly, changes between different nozzle tips and/or different center air outlets having different spray characteristics can be more easily performed as compared to spray head assemblies that require removal of at least the air cap and, in some instances, removal of the nozzle and/or the barrel as well (particularly in those assemblies in which the nozzle is integral with the barrel).
As used herein, a “removable” integrated air cap/nozzle is an integrated air cap/nozzle that can be removed from a nozzle port and/or a barrel to which it is attached without damaging the nozzle port and/or barrel such that a different integrated air cap/nozzle could be attached to the nozzle port and/or barrel and function properly when so attached. In some embodiments, the removable integrated air cap/nozzle itself may be damaged by removal from a nozzle port and/or barrel such that it cannot be reliably re-used, while, in other embodiments, the integrated air cap/nozzle itself may not be damaged by removal from the nozzle port and/or barrel such that it can be reliably re-used on the same or a different spray head assembly.
As used herein, the term “liquid” refers to all forms of flowable materials that can be applied to a surface using a spray gun (whether or not they are intended to color the surface) including (without limitation) paints, primers, base coats, lacquers, varnishes and similar paint-like materials as well as other materials such as adhesives, sealers, fillers, putties, powder coatings, blasting powders, abrasive slurries, mold release agents and foundry dressings which may be applied in atomized or non-atomized form depending on the properties and/or the intended application of the material and the term “liquid” is to be construed accordingly.
The words “preferred” and “preferably” refer to embodiments of the integrated air cap/nozzles, spray head assemblies, liquid spray guns, and other components described herein that may afford certain benefits, under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may also be preferred, under the same or other circumstances. Furthermore, the recitation of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not useful, and is not intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the invention.
As used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “a” or “the” component may include one or more of the components and equivalents thereof known to those skilled in the art. Further, the term “and/or” means one or all of the listed elements or a combination of any two or more of the listed elements.
It is noted that the terms “comprises” and variations thereof do not have a limiting meaning where these terms appear in the accompanying description. Moreover, “a,” “an,” “the,” “at least one,” and “one or more” are used interchangeably herein.
Relative terms such as left, right, forward, rearward, top, bottom, side, upper, lower, horizontal, vertical, and the like may be used herein and, if so, are from the perspective observed in the particular figure. These terms are used only to simplify the description, however, and not to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
The integrated air cap/nozzles and/or spray head assemblies described herein are preferably constructed to receive air from the center air passages of liquid spray guns or liquid spray gun platforms to which they are attached. The spray head assemblies may, in some embodiments, include fan air chambers that receive fan air from a fan air passage in the attached spray gun platforms in addition to center air chambers that receive center air from a center air passage in the attached spray gun platforms.
Although described herein in combination with each other, the integrated air cap/nozzles and spray head assemblies described herein that include barrels may each be used separately with other components to provide a liquid spray gun. For example, the liquid spray gun platforms described herein could be used with any spray head assembly that was designed to operably connect to a barrel interface of the liquid spray gun platform. Similarly, the spray head assemblies could be used with other liquid spray gun platforms that have a barrel interface designed to accept the spray head assemblies described herein.
The liquid spray guns, spray gun platforms, and spray head assemblies described herein may be used in a liquid spray delivery system in which a container of liquid to be dispensed is mounted on the liquid spray gun, although in other embodiments liquid could be supplied from other sources that may, e.g., be connected to the liquid spray gun by, e.g., a supply line, etc. The liquid spray guns described herein may preferably be sized for use as a hand-held spray gun and may be used in methods that involve the spraying of one or more selected liquids.
The integrated air cap/nozzles and spray head assemblies described herein are adapted to atomize a liquid to form a spray. For example, the integrated air cap/nozzle and spray head assembly may be arranged to mix the liquid emerging from a nozzle with a supply of compressed air. In some embodiments, liquid emerging from the nozzle can be further mixed with air streams directed onto the liquid from two sides to further atomize the liquid and/or shape the spray pattern. The air streams may be adjusted to adapt the spray head assembly for dispensing different media. Although many embodiments of the spray head assemblies described herein are provided as a composite article formed using an integrated air cap/nozzle assembled on a barrel that is, itself, attached to a liquid spray gun platform, in other embodiments, the spray head assemblies may include only an integrated air cap/nozzle attached to a liquid spray gun platform that includes an integrated barrel.
Although the illustrative embodiments of the integrated air cap/nozzles described herein include optional air horns to provide air streams that can be directed onto the atomized liquid emerging from the nozzle tip from two or more sides, the integrated air cap/nozzles as described herein may or may not include air horns or any other structures configured to provide air streams that can be directed onto the liquid emerging from the nozzle from two or more sides. Furthermore, although the illustrated air horns are shown in specific orientations, it should be understood that they may be provided in any selected arrangement and orientation with respect to the atomized liquid emerging from the nozzle tip.
In some embodiments (some illustrative examples of which are described in more detail below), the integrated air cap/nozzles described herein are adapted for use in a spray head assembly that can be attached to a liquid spray gun. The spray head assembly itself includes a barrel and an integrated air cap/nozzle. The integrated air cap/nozzle includes a liquid nozzle opening through which liquid exits during operation of the liquid spray gun and a center air outlet through which center air discharges when a liquid is sprayed through the integrated air cap/nozzle.
The integrated air cap/nozzle is removably attached to the spray head assembly over the nozzle port such that liquid passing through the nozzle port passes into a nozzle passage in the integrated air cap/nozzle before exiting through the liquid nozzle opening of the integrated air cap/nozzle. In addition, the integrated air cap/nozzle can be disengaged from the spray head assembly, such that, as discussed herein, the integrated air cap/nozzles can be changed without disturbing the remainder of the liquid spray gun. Because the liquid nozzle opening and the center air outlet are both defined within the integrated air cap/nozzle, the dimensions of both the liquid nozzle opening and the center air outlet are defined entirely by the integrated air cap/nozzle (as opposed to conventional spray head assemblies in which an air cap that is separate and distinct from the nozzle defines, at least in part, the dimensions of the center air outlet).
One illustrative embodiment of a liquid spray gun as described herein is depicted in the exploded view of
Connection of the spray head assembly 20 to barrel interface 11 of the spray gun platform 10 may be achieved by any suitable technique. For example, connection structures on the spray head assembly 20 may cooperate (e.g., mechanically interlock) with the openings 11a and 11b at the barrel interface 11 to retain the spray head assembly 20 on the spray gun platform 10 as described herein. Many other connection techniques and/or structures may be used in place of those described herein, e.g., a bayonet type connection that facilitates rapid connection/disconnection of the spray head assembly with a simple push or push-twist action, clamps, threaded connections, etc.
The spray gun platform 10 may also include an optional handle 13b that fits over the stem portion 13a of the frame. The handle 13b may, in some embodiments, be custom designed according to the operator's preference, including custom fitting by means of a thermosetting resin. Custom-fitted handles may reduce operator fatigue by allowing for a grip surface that can be custom molded to fit the hand of an individual user. The handle 13b may, in some embodiments, be formed from a thermosetting resin and an intended user of the spray gun can grasp the handle while the resin is in an unhardened condition to impart a contoured surface to the handle that is customized for the hand of that user. In those embodiments in which the handle 13b is detachable from the stem portion 13a of the frame, similar handles can be readily prepared for other users of the spray gun which allows a single spray gun to be accompanied by an array of handles, each of which has a grip surface that has been custom-fitted to the hand of a different intended user.
The platform 10 may be constructed of any suitable material that can be molded, cast, etc. to form the features described herein. Examples of some potentially suitable materials may include, e.g., metals, metal alloys, polymers (e.g., polyurethanes, polyolefins (e.g., polypropylenes), polyamides (e.g., nylons including amorphous nylons), polyesters, fluoropolymers, and polycarbonates), and others. If polymeric materials are used to construct the platforms, the polymeric material may include any suitable additives, fillers, etc., such as, e.g., glass fiber, glass or polymeric bubbles or microbubbles, electrically conductive and/or static dissipating materials such as, e.g., finely divided metals, metal salts, metal oxides, carbon or graphite, etc. Selection of the materials used in the platforms described herein may preferably be based at least in part on the compatibility of the selected materials with the materials to be sprayed (e.g., solvent resistance and other characteristics may need to be considered when selecting the materials used to construct the platforms).
The spray gun platform 10 depicted in
A needle passage is also provided in the spray gun platform 10 to allow a needle 14 to pass into a spray head assembly attached to the barrel interface. Referring to
When the trigger 15 is depressed, needle 14 is retracted to a position in which tapered front end 14a allows liquid to flow through liquid nozzle opening in the spray head assembly 20. At the same time, air supply valve 17 also opens to deliver air to the spray head assembly 20 from the passages in the spray gun platform 10. Air and liquid flow may be further controlled by a fan air control assembly 18a which controls air delivered to a fan air passage outlet 19a from the air supply manifold in the platform 10 and center air control assembly 18b which controls air delivered to a center air passage outlet 19b from the air supply manifold in the platform 10. In particular, the control assembly 18b controls the center air/liquid stream emanating from the spray head assembly 20, and control assembly 18a controls air flow to the air horns (if provided) of the spray head assembly 20 to adjust the spray pattern geometry. In some embodiments, however, it should be understood that adjustment of the center air control assembly 18b may affect air flow through the fan air control assembly 18a (or vice versa).
Further details regarding various embodiments of spray gun platforms that may be used in connection with the integrated air cap/nozzles and spray head assemblies described herein to provide a complete liquid spray gun may be described in US Patent Application Publications US 2010/0187333 (Escoto, Jr. et al.); US 2004/0140373 (Joseph et al.); US 2006/0065761 (Joseph et al.) and US 2006/0102550 (Joseph et al.); as well as U.S. Pat. No. 6,971,590 (Blette et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 6,820,824 (Joseph et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 6,971,590 (Blette et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 7,032,839 (Blette et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 7,201,336 (Blette et al.); and U.S. Pat. No. 7,484,676 (Blette et al.).
Some illustrative embodiments of the integrated air cap/nozzles and/or spray head assemblies that may be used with the spray gun platforms to provide complete liquid spray guns are described herein. Although the illustrative embodiments of integrated air cap/nozzles and spray head assemblies described herein may be advantageously used with spray gun platforms, the described embodiments are illustrative only and other integrated air cap/nozzles and/or spray head assemblies may be substituted for those described herein to provide a complete liquid spray gun.
As seen in
Referring to
One difference between the spray head assemblies described herein and the spray head assemblies described in US Patent Publication US 2010/0187333 (Escoto Jr. et al.) and U.S. Pat. No. 6,971,590 (Blette et al.) is, however, that the barrel 30 does not, itself, form the liquid nozzle opening through which liquid being sprayed exits the spray gun platform. Rather, the nozzle body 50 attached to or formed in the integrated air cap/nozzle is positioned over a liquid nozzle port 32 on the barrel 30, with the nozzle body 50 including the liquid nozzle opening 52 through which liquid being sprayed exits from the integrated air cap/nozzle 40 of the spray head assembly 20.
The barrel 30, as a result, includes features that define a liquid passageway 71 that terminates in the liquid nozzle port 32 through which the liquid to be sprayed exits the barrel 30 and enters the nozzle passage 58 of nozzle body 50 (see, e.g.,
The barrel wall of the barrel 30 defines a barrel cavity 33 that surrounds the liquid passageway 71. The barrel cavity 33 receives air flowing out of the center air passage outlet 19b (see, e.g.,
The openings 34 in the barrel 30 deliver the center air exiting the barrel cavity 33 to a nozzle cavity 35 formed between the integrated air cap/nozzle 40 and the front wall 36 of the barrel 30. Air entering the nozzle cavity 35 flows through the nozzle cavity 35 until it exits the nozzle cavity though the center air outlet 54 formed in the integrated air cap/nozzle 40. Together, the barrel cavity 33 and the nozzle cavity 35 combine to form a portion of what can be characterized as the center air chamber of the spray head assembly 20. As described herein, the center air chamber essentially extends from the barrel inlet 31 to the center air outlet 54 of the spray head assembly 20. The center air outlet 54 may, in some embodiments, be disposed about the liquid nozzle opening 52 such that the center air passing through the center air outlet 54 can atomize and form the liquid passing through the liquid nozzle opening 52 into a generally conical stream. Particularly, in the illustrated embodiment, the center air outlet 54 comprises an annularly shaped opening surrounding the liquid nozzle opening 52 in a concentric fashion.
Generally, a nozzle body according to the present disclosure can comprise any suitable structure that defines the configuration (e.g., dimensions and position) of the opening through which liquid being sprayed exits from the integrated air cap/nozzle 40 (here, the liquid nozzle opening 52). Preferably, the nozzle body 50 also defines the center air outlet 54. As explained above, the nozzle body forms a nozzle passage 58 that terminates in the liquid nozzle outlet 52. In typical embodiments of the present disclosure, the nozzle passage 58 is characterized by a smaller diameter proximate the liquid nozzle outlet and a larger diameter proximate a nozzle body inlet 57. In some embodiments, the nozzle passage 58 comprises one or more frusto-conically shaped sections, one or more cylindrically shaped sections or a combination thereof.
Exemplary dimensions of nozzle bodies according to the present disclosure include internal diameters of liquid nozzle openings of about 0.1 mm to about 3.0 mm. Other suitable dimensions are within the scope of the present disclosure, e.g., depending on the viscosity of the liquid being sprayed and also whether or not the liquid is being fed under gravity or is pressurized. An exemplary internal diameter of center air outlet may be about 4.8 mm. However, other suitable dimensions are within the scope of the present disclosure, and the internal diameter of center air outlet may be smaller or larger.
Similarly, a nozzle port according to the present disclosure can comprise any suitable structure that interfaces with a nozzle body according to the present disclosure, preferably to form a fluid-tight seal and, more preferably, a liquid tight seal. For example, referring to
The integrated air cap/nozzle 40, as discussed above, preferably provides both the liquid nozzle opening 52 and the center air outlet 54 of the spray head assembly 20. The integrated air cap/nozzle 40 is removably attached to the barrel 30 over the liquid nozzle port 32. In the depicted embodiment, the integrated air cap/nozzle 40 may be attached to the barrel 30 by a bayonet mounting structure. In that embodiment, rotation of the integrated air cap/nozzle 40 about the axis 100 engages the bayonet mounting structure such that the integrated air cap/nozzle 40 is retained on the barrel 30.
An exemplary structure for removably connecting an integrated air cap/nozzle 40 to a barrel 30 includes one or more projections 37 on the barrel 30 and one or more corresponding engaging members 47 (seen in, e.g.,
Other potential connection mechanisms that could be used to attach the integrated air cap/nozzle 40 to the barrel 30 may include, e.g., a threaded connection, a Luer lock connection, or another suitable structure.
Yet another exemplary structure 500 for removably connecting an integrated air cap/nozzle 540 to a barrel 530 is illustrated in
Thus, in some embodiments, one or more features of a structure for removably connecting an integrated air cap/nozzle to a barrel are disposed on an outer surface of the integrated air cap/nozzle with one or more mating features disposed on an outer surface of the barrel. In other exemplary embodiments, as illustrated in
As described herein, a removable integrated air cap/nozzle such as the illustrative embodiment depicted in
Thus, in an exemplary embodiment, the nozzle body 50 defines a liquid nozzle opening 52 and the center air outlet 54 in conjunction with the nozzle aperture 64 in the front wall 60. In some embodiments, the liquid nozzle opening 52 may be circularly shaped, while the center air outlet 54 may be annularly shaped. The nozzle body 50 includes an inlet end 55 and a nozzle outlet end 56. The liquid nozzle opening 52 is formed in the nozzle outlet end 56 of the nozzle body 50, while a nozzle body inlet 57 is also formed in the nozzle body 50 at the opposite end of a nozzle passage 58 (see, e.g.,
As described herein, the nozzle body 50 is positioned over a nozzle port 32 on the barrel 30 when the integrated air cap/nozzle 40 is attached to the barrel 30 by an attachment structure, such as exemplary removable attachment structures described above. Preferably, the nozzle port 32 forms a fluid-tight (e.g., air, liquid or both) connection with the nozzle body 50. Accordingly, the nozzle body 50 may include a nozzle sealing surface 59, such that when a corresponding surface or structure of the nozzle port 32 (e.g., a slanted surface 32a) abuts the nozzle sealing surface 59, the nozzle body 50 forms a sufficiently tight seal with the nozzle port 32 when the integrated air cap/nozzle 40 is attached to the barrel 30 such that liquid exiting the nozzle port 32 enters the nozzle passage 58 in the nozzle tip 50 without leaking into the center air chamber under normal operating conditions. The sealing surface 59 may, in some embodiments, include a gasket, O-ring or other sealing element to assist in formation of the seal. In addition, the sealing surface may be provided in other locations. One potential alternative may be an annular rib or other sealing element that could be provided on an outer surface of the nozzle port 32 or any other surface found at the junction of the nozzle port 32 and the nozzle body 50. Generally, it is preferred that a seal between the nozzle body 50 and the nozzle port be disposed proximate the first point of contact between the nozzle body 50 and the barrel 30, but other alternative and/or additional location of the seal are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The integrated air cap/nozzle 40 may include an internal surface 61 that faces generally toward the inlet end 55 of the nozzle body 50 and an external surface 62 that faces generally away from the inlet end 55 of the nozzle body 50. The space or volume formed between the internal surface 61 of the front wall 60 and the nozzle body 50 forms a part of the center air chamber (which also includes the barrel cavity 33 and the nozzle cavity 35 as described herein).
As described herein, the front wall 60 further includes a nozzle aperture 64 that extends through the front wall 60. A nozzle aperture 64 may be larger than the nozzle outlet end 56 of the nozzle body 50 and the nozzle outlet end 56 of the nozzle body 50 may be located in the nozzle aperture 64 such that a gap is found between the nozzle aperture 64 and the nozzle outlet end 56 of the nozzle body 50. That gap between the nozzle aperture 64 and the nozzle outlet end 56 may form the center air outlet 54 in the integrated air cap/nozzle 40. Air entering the center air chamber from the liquid spray gun platform thus may pass through the center air outlet 54 around the nozzle outlet end 56 of the nozzle body 50. Because of the arrangement of the front wall 60 and the nozzle body 50, the nozzle passage 58 in the nozzle body 50 and the center air chamber are independent of each other such that liquid exiting the nozzle passage through the liquid nozzle opening 52 and air exiting the center air chamber through the center air outlet 54 are preferably separated from each other until they exit their respective orifices.
The nozzle body 50 may be attached to the body of the integrated air cap/nozzle 40 by any suitable structure, such that, when the integrated air cap/nozzle 40 is detached from the barrel 30, the nozzle body 50 is capable of remaining attached to the body of the integrated air cap/nozzle 40. In the illustrative embodiment depicted in
The embodiment of an integrated air cap/nozzle 40 depicted in
Fan air is delivered into the fan air chamber in the spray head assembly 20 from the spray gun platform 10 through fan air passage outlet 19a in the barrel interface 11 (see, e.g.,
Another illustrative embodiment of an integrated air cap/nozzle 140 is depicted in
As assembled, the composite front wall (a composite of portions 160a and 160b) further includes a nozzle aperture front wall portion 160a. The nozzle aperture is larger than the nozzle outlet end 156 of the nozzle body 150 and the nozzle outlet end 156 of the nozzle body 150 is located in the nozzle aperture such that a gap is found between the nozzle aperture and the nozzle outlet end 156 of the nozzle body 150. That gap between the nozzle aperture and the nozzle outlet end 156 forms the center air outlet 154 in the integrated air cap/nozzle 140. Air entering the center air chamber from the liquid spray gun platform passes through the center air outlet 154 around the nozzle outlet end 156 of the nozzle body 150. Because of the arrangement of the composite front wall (formed by portions 160a and 160b) and the nozzle body 150, the nozzle passage in the nozzle body 150 and the center air chamber are independent of each other such that liquid exiting the nozzle passage through the liquid nozzle opening 152 and air exiting the center air chamber through the center air outlet 154 are preferably separated from each other until they exit their respective orifices.
Forming the nozzle body 150 separately from the remainder of the integrated air cap/nozzle 140 and subsequently attaching the nozzle body 150 to the remainder of the integrated air cap/nozzle 140 may offer potential benefits. In such an embodiment, manufacturing of the integrated air cap/nozzle 140 may be simplified because the relatively complex geometries of the various components of the integrated air cap/nozzle 140 may, in some instances, be difficult to manufacture as one unitary part. In some embodiments, the nozzle body 150 may be colored differently from the remainder of the integrated air cap/nozzle 140, if formed separately. Different colors can be used to designate, for example, nozzle bodies having different configurations, such as the size of the liquid nozzle opening and/or the size of the center air opening. However, in other exemplary embodiments, the nozzle body may be formed integrally with other components or the remainder of the integrated air cap/nozzle 140, such as by injection molding or machining.
Other exemplary configurations of the nozzle body and nozzle port according to the present disclosure are illustrated in reference to
The liquid nozzle opening 652 is formed in the nozzle outlet end 656 of the nozzle body 650, while a nozzle body inlet 657 is also formed in the nozzle body 650 at the opposite end of a nozzle passage 658 (see, e.g.,
The barrel 630 includes a liquid passageway 671 that terminates in the nozzle port 632 through which the liquid to be sprayed exits the barrel 630 and enters the nozzle passage 658 of nozzle body 650 (see, e.g.,
As shown in
Those of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that yet other suitable configurations of a nozzle body and nozzle port are within the scope of the present disclosure. For example, although projecting and concave configurations of nozzle ports have been shown and described so far, a nozzle port that is substantially level with the front wall 36, 636 of the barrel 30, 630 is also within the scope of the present disclosure.
The integrated air cap/nozzles described herein may be manufactured of any suitable material or combination of materials and by any manufacturing technique or techniques suitable for the selected material or materials, e.g., molding, casting, machining, direct digital manufacturing, etc.). In some embodiments, the integrated air cap/nozzles may be molded or otherwise formed as an integral, one-piece component which requires no assembly to provide a completed integrated air cap/nozzle, while in other embodiments, the integrated air cap/nozzle may be formed as a multi-piece assembly (e.g., two, three, or more pieces) that can be assembled to form an integrated air cap/nozzle that includes the features of integrated air cap/nozzles as described herein. Some examples of potentially suitable materials may include, e.g., metals, metal alloys, polymers (e.g., polyurethanes, polyolefins (e.g., polypropylenes), polyamides (e.g., nylons including amorphous nylons), polyesters, fluoropolymers, and polycarbonates), and others. If polymeric materials are used to construct the integrated air cap/nozzles, the polymeric materials may include any suitable additives, fillers, etc., such as, e.g., glass fiber, glass or polymeric bubbles or microbubbles, electrically conductive and/or static dissipating materials such as, e.g., finely divided metals, metal salts, metal oxides, carbon or graphite, etc. Selection of the materials used in the integrated air cap/nozzles described herein may preferably be based at least in part on the compatibility of the selected materials with the materials to be sprayed (e.g., solvent resistance and other characteristics may need to be considered when selecting the materials used to construct the integrated air cap/nozzles).
Although the integrated air cap/nozzles may be provided alone (e.g., without a barrel or other components) and the spray head assemblies described herein may be provided with an integrated air cap/nozzle and barrel that are either pre-assembled or that can be assembled to form a spray head assembly, in some instances two or more integrated air cap/nozzles may be provided as a part of kit that may be supplied to a party that already has the other components of a spray head assembly (e.g., a barrel) or the kit may include one or more barrels and/or one or more integrated air cap/nozzles.
As discussed herein, the integrated air cap/nozzles can, in some embodiments, be removed from the spray head assemblies without requiring that the integrated air cap/nozzle and/or the barrel be removed from the spray gun. The integrated air cap/nozzles described herein may be removed for cleaning and/or replacement. If multiple integrated air cap/nozzles are provided in a kit, the different integrated air cap/nozzles may or may not include different features and/or characteristics. In various embodiments of the kits, for example, at least two of the integrated air cap/nozzles may have center air outlets having different dimensions (e.g., different diameters, different cross-sectional areas, at least two of the integrated air cap/nozzles may have liquid nozzle openings having different dimensions (e.g., different diameters, different cross-sectional areas, etc.), at least two integrated air cap/nozzles of the plurality of integrated air cap/nozzles may have liquid nozzle openings having different dimensions and center air outlets having different dimensions. In some embodiments, color-coding may be used to identify integrated air cap/nozzles having different characteristics.
Another illustrative alternative embodiment of a spray head assembly that includes a removable integrated air cap/nozzle as described herein is depicted in connection with
Assembly of the spray gun with the spray head assembly involves attaching the nozzle B to the spray gun platform E using the threaded connector which threads into a complementary bore in the gun platform E. The circular rim B1 of the nozzle B holds the ring A in place on the spray gun platform E. With the nozzle B in place, the air cap is placed over the nozzle and held in place using the retaining ring D, which threads onto the spray gun platform E using the depicted threads.
During operation, pressurized air passes through the openings E1 and E2 of the spray gun E. The air passing from opening E1 provides the fan air as it passes through openings A2 in the ring A, where it then passes into the air passages C2 in the air horns C1 for delivery through the openings C4. The air passing from the opening E2 passes through openings B2 in the circular rim B1 of nozzle B and then proceeds around nozzle B until it exits through C3 around the nozzle B. In essence, the circular rim B1 of the nozzle B and the ring A define a barrel cavity in the spray gun E.
Because the nozzle B is held in place behind the air cap C and the nozzle opening C3 in the air cap C is used to form the center air outlet around the nozzle B, removal of the nozzle B for cleaning and/or replacement requires removal of the air cap C.
The spray head assembly components depicted in
The barrel adaptor 330 in the embodiment of
In the embodiment depicted in
The openings 334 in the barrel adaptor 330 deliver the center air exiting a barrel cavity in the spray gun platform (that is defined, at least in part, by the barrel adaptor 330) to a nozzle cavity 335 formed between the integrated air cap/nozzle 340 and the front wall 336 of the barrel adaptor 330. Air entering the nozzle cavity 335 flows through the nozzle cavity 335 until it exits the nozzle cavity 335 though a center air outlet 354 formed around the nozzle body 350. In the depicted embodiment, the nozzle cavity 335 forms at least a portion of what can be characterized as the center air chamber of the spray head assembly 320, with the center air chamber terminating at the center air outlet 354 formed in the integrated air cap/nozzle 340. The center air outlet 354 preferably surrounds the liquid nozzle opening 352 such that the center air passing through the center air outlet 354 can form the liquid passing through the liquid nozzle opening 352 into a generally conical stream.
The air cap 340 defines a nozzle cavity 335 at the front wall 336 of the barrel adaptor 330. Although not shown in the cross-sectional view of
The removable integrated air cap/nozzles and spray head assemblies described herein may be used with a variety of liquid spray guns and spray gun platforms. In some embodiments, the liquid spray guns and spray gun platforms may be commonly referred to as gravity-fed spray guns (where the liquid to be sprayed is fed under gravity to the spray head assembly), siphon-fed spray guns (where the liquid to be sprayed is siphoned into the spray head assembly from a reservoir), and/or pressure-fed spray guns (where the liquid to be sprayed is fed under pressure from the reservoir into the spray head assembly). Further, auxiliary components that may be used in connection with the spray guns, spray gun platforms, and spray head assemblies discussed herein, and their respective methods of use, may be described in more detail in, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 6,820,824 (Joseph et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 6,971,590 (Blette et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 7,032,839 (Blette et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 7,201,336 (Blette et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 7,484,676 (Blette et al.), and in U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos. 2004/0140373 (Joseph et al.); 2006/0065761 (Joseph et al.) and 2006/0102550 (Joseph et al.), etc.
Typically, such auxiliary air apertures 99/199 are symmetrically disposed about the center air outlet 54/154. The auxiliary air apertures 99/199 may be provided in the form of circular holes, square holes, triangular holes, elongate slots, or in any other aperture shape, including combinations of shapes, adapted to achieve the function described above. The size of the auxiliary air apertures 99/199 is typically relatively small to permit proper shaping performance and to avoid excess use of air. In some embodiments, the effective diameter of each auxiliary air aperture 99/199 lies in a range from about 0.025 inch (0.0635 cm) to about 0.040 inch (0.102 cm). “Effective diameter” as used herein means the dimension of the smallest path across the cross section of the aperture as viewed along the axis extending through the liquid nozzle opening. In some embodiments, the open area of each auxiliary air aperture 99/199 lies in a range from about 0.00049 inch2 (0.00316 cm2) to about 0.00125 inch2 (0.00806 cm2). It should be understood that values of effective diameter and open area outside of the above ranges are also within the scope of the present disclosure, and that such dimensions will be chosen to suit the particular spray gun application (e.g., differing liquid viscosities, etc.) and overall spray gun geometry.
In some embodiments, the integrated air cap/nozzle 40 or separate nozzle body 150 are molded polymeric components comprising polymeric materials as described elsewhere herein. As reported in Burns et al., circular auxiliary air orifices have been previously employed for spray pattern shaping in traditional, and relatively expensive, metal spray gun components. Creation of such features in metal components typically involves operations such as precision machining or laser drilling of the part to create the desired holes. Such operations would tend to add undesirable expense and manufacturing time in the construction of molded polymeric components that may be intended to be less inexpensive and often disposable. In some instances, and depending on the type of polymeric material itself (e.g., commodity polymers versus engineering polymers), the ability to precisely machine or laser drill polymeric components so as to achieve such auxiliary air apertures may be somewhat limited. However, by incorporating auxiliary air apertures 99/199 into polymeric integrated air cap/nozzle 40 or separate nozzle body 150 (i.e., the moldable polymeric embodiments as described herein), such features may be directly molded into the parts in a single molding operation. Owing to the small size and features of the part in general, it may be particularly desirable to use micro and miniature injections molding techniques to mold auxiliary air apertures 99/199 into a nozzle body 150 as described herein.
The complete disclosure of the patents, patent documents, and publications cited herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety (to the extent that those teachings do not conflict with the explicit descriptions found herein) as if each were individually incorporated.
Illustrative embodiments of liquid spray guns, liquid spray gun platforms, and liquid spray head assemblies and methods of using them are discussed and reference has been made to possible variations. These and other variations, combinations, and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, and it should be understood that this invention is not limited to the illustrative embodiments set forth herein. Rather, the invention is limited only by the claims provided below, and equivalents thereof.
This application is a national stage filing under 35 U.S.C. 371 of PCT/US2012/048223, filed Jul. 26, 2012, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/512,678, filed Jul. 28, 2011, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference in their entireties herein.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2012/048223 | 7/26/2012 | WO | 00 | 3/24/2014 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013/016474 | 1/31/2013 | WO | A |
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