The invention belongs to sphere of shipbuilding, in particular to stabilizers of ship rolling, which do not contain any parts moving relatively the ship hull. It is known ordinary bilge keels as narrow bars fastened to the ship's plating along the bilge turn, at port and starboard sides. The length of the bilge keels is 0.3-0.6 of the ship length L. Complete area of the bilge keels is about 4% of the product LAB, where B—is the maximum breadth of the ship. The reduction of roll amplitudes, secured by continuous bilge keels, at zero forward speed is 40-50%; however, during advance motion of the ship in irregular waves with a speed of 10-20 knots the reduction of rolling is not more than 15-20%.
It is known also roll stabilizing wings attached in longitudinal lines to boards or bilges of the ship (patent GB 501081, 1936). Two wing lines can be provided on each side, then the wings of one line can be staggered to those in other line. To increase the strength of the wings, they are interconnected by a plate, the ends of which are fastened to the ship hull. The length of the wings, measured athwartships, and intervals between them are more than 2-3 chords of the wing. At such aspect ratio the wings extend beyond the ship cross-section, and at such large intervals the wing's stagger has no effect on the roll damping of a stopped ship. Decrease of intervals between the narrow wings to about one chord is unacceptable since it extremely reduces their lift forces. “A major disadvantage of this system is its vulnerability to damage and a weak quenching effect when the ship is at anchor. Hence, the system is definitely unacceptable”—H. E. Saunders, “Hydrodynamics in Ship Design”, New York, 1957, p. 553. Already 70 years the arrangement is not applied in shipbuilding, and it has no prospects in the future.
The aim of the suggested invention is a considerable decrease of rolling both at stop and at forward motion of the ship in sea-way conditions. This aim is attained by arrangement of short wings (aspect ratio r<0.75) having a sufficient strength and producing large roll-damping moments.
Description of the arrangement is explained by following drawings:
FIG. 1—Transversal section of the ship in region of the short wings roll-stabilizer;
FIG. 2—View on the staggered row of the short wings.
Wings 1 are fastened immovably in a staggered order to the ship 2 along the bilge, at port and starboard sides (
To avoid damage of the wings 1, their height h is taken so that the wings will be within clearences determined by maximum breadth and base line of the ship (dotted lines in the
During motion of the ship with advance speed v and with angular velocity of rolling ω, the water flow relatively the wing has an average velocity V=ν+μ, where μ=ωR; R—distance from the middle point of the wing to the roll axis G (
At forward speed about 20 knots and roll amplitudes 10-15° the maximum angle α=μ/ν is equal 3-5°. Therefore it is useful to have the angle β in limits 2 -4°.
The lift coefficient Cy depends on the angle of attack and on the wing's aspect ratio r=h/b according to the formula Cy=5.8(α±β)re/(2+√{square root over (re2+2)}), where the effective aspect ratio of the wing, attached by one end to the hull, is equal re=2r.
The aspect ratio of the wings r=0.5-0.75 secures enough great values of the lift coefficient Cy, unlike the ordinary bilge keels having, as a rule, r<0.04.
The lift force of the wing Yi is proportional to the lift coefficient Cy, to square of the speed V and to wing's area Si=h•b.
The lift forces of a wing line with angles of attack (α+β) will be much grater than the lift forces of the other line, where the angle of attack at this time is (α−β). As a result, the injurious interaction of the two wing lines of the staggered row considerably declines in comparison with the case when β=0.
The total area of all the wings S=Σ Si is about 0.04 L•B, therefore the stabilizer's drag does not decrease essentially the advance speed of the ship.
The suggested stabilizer provides a summary roll damping moment M=Σ Mi which reduces 2-3 times the rolling amplitudes during motion of the ship with considerable forward speeds in sea-way conditions.
It is useful and convenient to install the staggered rows of short wings on ships with small midship coefficients (CM<0.9) and rounded bilges.
Ships with large midship coefficients (CM>0.95) or with angular bilges have a fairly large damping moment of the bare hull at zero forward speed. Therefore, the short wings roll-stabilizer can be installed on these vessels without staggering, i.e. by one wing line on each side of the ship, with the angle β=0 and longitudinal intervals between the wings equal to the wing's chord.
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
61133755 | Jul 2008 | US |