Patent Grant
11952878
The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for enhancing operation of hydraulic fracturing equipment at a hydraulic fracturing wellsite.
Hydrocarbon exploration and energy industries employ various systems and operations to accomplish activities including drilling, formation evaluation, stimulation and production. Hydraulic fracturing may be utilized to produce oil and gas economically from low permeability reservoir rocks or other formations, for example, shale, at a wellsite. During a hydraulic fracturing stage, slurry may be pumped, via hydraulic fracturing pumps, under high pressure to perforations, fractures, pores, faults, or other spaces in the reservoir rocks or formations. The slurry may be pumped at a rate faster than the reservoir rocks or formation may accept. As the pressure of the slurry builds, the reservoir rocks or formation may fail and begin to fracture further. As the pumping of the slurry continues, the fractures may expand and extend in different directions away from a well bore. Once the reservoir rocks or formations are fractured, the hydraulic fracturing pumps may remove the slurry. As the slurry is removed, proppants in the slurry may be left behind and may prop or keep open the newly formed fractures, thus preventing the newly formed fractures from closing or, at least, reducing contracture of the newly formed fractures. Further, after the slurry is removed and the proppants are left behind, production streams of hydrocarbons may be obtained from the reservoir rocks or formation.
For a wellsite, a plurality of hydraulic fracturing stages may be performed. Further, each hydraulic fracturing stage may require configuration of many and various hydraulic fracturing equipment. For example, prior to a next hydraulic fracturing stage, an operator or user may enter multiple data points for that next hydraulic fracturing stage for each piece of equipment, such as, for hydraulic fracturing pumps, a blender, a chemical additive unit, a hydration unit, a conveyor, and/or other hydraulic fracturing equipment located at the wellsite. As each hydraulic fracturing stage arises, data entry or other inputs at each piece of hydraulic fracturing equipment may not be performed efficiently and effectively; thus, such tasks may be considered time consuming and may result in user error.
Accordingly, Applicant has recognized a need for methods and system to enhance operation of hydraulic fracturing equipment at a hydraulic fracturing wellsite. The present disclosure may address one or more of the above-reference drawbacks, as well as other potential drawbacks.
Accordingly, Applicant has recognized a need for methods and system to enhance operation of hydraulic fracturing equipment at a hydraulic fracturing wellsite. The present disclosure may address one or more of the above-reference drawbacks, as well as other potential drawbacks.
As referenced above, due to a large number of hydraulic fracturing stages and the large number of hydraulic fracturing equipment associated with the hydraulic fracturing stages, setting hydraulic fracturing stage parameters may be difficult, complex, and time-consuming and may introduce error into the process. Further, the manual input of each data point for the hydraulic fracturing stages at each piece of the hydraulic fracturing equipment may result in longer periods of time between hydraulic fracturing stages, thus resulting in a longer overall period of time for entire hydraulic fracturing operations.
The present disclosure generally is directed to methods and systems for operating hydraulic fracturing equipment at a hydraulic fracturing wellsite. In some embodiments, the methods and systems may provide for efficient and enhanced operation of the hydraulic fracturing equipment, for example, during setup or as hydraulic fracturing equipment stages through various operations.
An embodiment of the disclosure provides a method of enhancing operation of hydraulic fracturing equipment at a hydraulic fracturing wellsite. The method may include determining if a previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile or one or more hydraulic fracturing stage profiles may be available for use in association with a controller for hydraulic fracturing equipment at a hydraulic fracturing wellsite. The one or more profiles may include hydraulic fracturing pumping stage parameters for a hydraulic fracturing fleet and a plurality of hydraulic fracturing pumping stages at a fracturing wellsite during hydrocarbon production. The method may include, in response to a determination that the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile is available for use by the controller, prompting, at a display, a user to accept or amend the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile as a current hydraulic fracturing stage profile for a hydraulic fracturing pumping stage. The method may further include, in response to a reception of an amendment of the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile, prompting, at the display, the user to accept the amended previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile as the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile, and storing the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile in memory as another previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile for use in association with the controller. The method may further include, in response to a determination that the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile is not available for use in association with the controller, prompting, at the display, a user to configure hydraulic fracturing pumping stage parameters for the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile, storing the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile in memory as the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile for use in association with the controller, and verifying that the hydraulic fracturing pumping stage parameters in the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile are correct.
Another embodiment of the disclosure provides a method of enhancing operation of hydraulic fracturing equipment at a hydraulic fracturing wellsite. The method may include building a new or a first hydraulic fracturing stage profile for a new hydraulic fracturing stage at the hydraulic fracturing wellsite, based, at least, in part on one or more hydraulic fracturing stage profiles, data from a hydraulic fracturing fleet, and hydraulic fracturing fleet alarm history. The one or more hydraulic fracturing stage profiles may include hydraulic fracturing pumping stage parameters for the hydraulic fracturing fleet and a plurality of hydraulic fracturing pumping stages at the hydraulic fracturing wellsite during hydrocarbon production. The method may include, in response to completion of the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile, prompting, at a display, a user to accept or amend the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile as a current hydraulic fracturing stage profile for the new hydraulic fracturing pumping stage. The method may further include, in response to a reception of an amendment of the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile, prompting, at the display, the user to accept the amended new hydraulic fracturing stage profile as the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile, and storing the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile in memory as another previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile for use in association with the controller. The method may further include verifying that the hydraulic fracturing pumping stage parameters in the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile are correct.
According to another embodiment of the disclosure, a wellsite hydraulic fracturing system may include a plurality of hydraulic fracturing pumps. The plurality of hydraulic fracturing pumps, when positioned at a hydraulic fracturing wellsite, may be configured to provide a slurry to a wellhead in hydraulic fracturing pumping stages. The wellsite hydraulic fracturing system also may include a blender configured to provide a slurry to the plurality of hydraulic fracturing pumps. The slurry may include fluid, chemicals, and proppant. The wellsite hydraulic fracturing system also may include a hydration unit to provide fluid to the blender. The wellsite hydraulic fracturing system further may include a chemical additive unit to provide chemicals to the blender. The wellsite hydraulic fracturing system also may include a conveyor or auger, for example, to provide proppant to the blender. The wellsite hydraulic fracturing system further may include one or more controllers to control the hydraulic fracturing pumps, blender, hydration unit, chemical additive unit, and conveyor or auger. The one or more controllers may be positioned in signal communication with a terminal, a computing device, and sensors included on the plurality of hydraulic fracturing pumps, the blender, the hydration unit, the chemical additive unit, and the conveyor or auger. The one or more controllers may include a processor and a memory. The memory may store instructions or computer programs, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. The instructions or computer programs may be executed by the processor. The instructions, when executed, may determine if hydraulic fracturing stage profiles are available for use in the hydraulic fracturing pumping stages, and may, in response to a determination that the hydraulic fracturing stage profiles are not available for use, communicate a prompt at the terminal to enter hydraulic fracturing stage parameters for a current hydraulic fracturing stage profile and for a new or current hydraulic fracturing stage. The instructions, when executed, also may, in response to a determination that the hydraulic fracturing stage profiles are available for use, communicate a prompt at the terminal to utilize one of the hydraulic fracturing stage profiles or to amend one of the hydraulic fracturing stage profiles for the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile and may, in response to an entry or amendment of the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters for the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile at the terminal, store the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile to the computing device with an indicator. The indicator, for example, may indicate that the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile is associated with the current hydraulic fracturing pumping stage. Further, the instructions, when executed, may communicate a prompt to the terminal requesting acceptance of the use of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile for the current hydraulic fracturing stage.
According to another embodiment of the disclosure, a controller for a hydraulic fracturing system may include a terminal input/output in signal communication with a terminal. The controller may be configured to, in relation to the terminal and in response to a determination that no hydraulic fracturing stage profiles are available for use, provide a prompt to the terminal to enter data for a hydraulic fracturing stage of a plurality of hydraulic fracturing stages into a first hydraulic fracturing stage profile. The controller, in relation to the terminal, also may be configured to receive the first hydraulic fracturing stage profile from the terminal. The controller, in relation to the terminal and in response to a determination that one or more hydraulic fracturing stage profiles are available, also may be configured to provide a prompt to the terminal requesting utilization or amendment of one of the hydraulic fracturing stage profiles for another hydraulic fracturing stage of the plurality of hydraulic fracturing stages. The controller may be configured to receive acceptance of the use of one of the hydraulic fracturing stage profiles for the another hydraulic fracturing stage. Further, the controller may be configured to receive an amended hydraulic fracturing stage profile of the hydraulic fracturing stage profiles for the another hydraulic fracturing stage. The controller may include a server input/output in signal communication with a server such that each hydraulic fracturing stage profile, including indicators of associated hydraulic fracturing stages, are communicated between the controller and the server. The controller may also include a first control output in signal communication with the plurality of hydraulic fracturing pumps such that the controller provides pump control signals based on a stage of the plurality of hydraulic fracturing stages and an associated hydraulic fracturing stage profile. The controller, for example, may be a supervisory controller, and each of the plurality of hydraulic fracturing pumps also may include a controller in signal communication with the supervisory controller as will be understood by those skilled in the art.
Still other aspects and advantages of these embodiments and other embodiments, are discussed in detail herein. Moreover, it is to be understood that both the foregoing information and the following detailed description provide merely illustrative examples of various aspects and embodiments, and are intended to provide an overview or framework for understanding the nature and character of the claimed aspects and embodiments. Accordingly, these and other objects, along with advantages and features of the present disclosure, will become apparent through reference to the following description and the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, it is to be understood that the features of the various embodiments described herein are not mutually exclusive and may exist in various combinations and permutations.
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure, and together with the detailed description, serve to explain principles of the embodiments discussed herein. No attempt is made to show structural details of this disclosure in more detail than may be necessary for a fundamental understanding of the embodiments discussed herein and the various ways in which they may be practiced. According to common practice, the various features of the drawings discussed below are not necessarily drawn to scale. Dimensions of various features and elements in the drawings may be expanded or reduced to more clearly illustrate embodiments of the disclosure.
The present disclosure will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to example embodiments thereof with reference to the drawings in which like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements in each of the several views. These example embodiments are described so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Features from one embodiment or aspect may be combined with features from any other embodiment or aspect in any appropriate combination. For example, any individual or collective features of method aspects or embodiments may be applied to apparatus, product, or component aspects or embodiments and vice versa. The disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. As used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and the like include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In addition, while reference may be made herein to quantitative measures, values, geometric relationships or the like, unless otherwise stated, any one or more if not all of these may be absolute or approximate to account for acceptable variations that may occur, such as those due to manufacturing or engineering tolerances or the like.
The phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. As used herein, the term “plurality” refers to two or more items or components. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “carrying,” “having,” “containing,” and “involving,” whether in the written description or the claims and the like, are open-ended terms, i.e., to mean “including but not limited to,” unless otherwise stated. Thus, the use of such terms is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter, and equivalents thereof, as well as additional items. The transitional phrases “consisting of” and “consisting essentially of,” are closed or semi-closed transitional phrases, respectively, with respect to any claims. Use of ordinal terms such as “first,” “second,” “third,” and the like in the claims to modify a claim element does not by itself connote any priority, precedence, or order of one claim element over another or the temporal order in which acts of a method are performed, but are used merely as labels to distinguish one claim element having a certain name from another element having a same name (but for use of the ordinal term) to distinguish claim elements.
Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to methods and systems for enhancing operation of hydraulic fracturing equipment at a hydraulic fracturing wellsite. The methods and systems detailed herein may be executed on a controller which controls all equipment at the hydraulic fracturing wellsite and may provide prompts and requests to an operator in relation to utilizing and amending hydraulic fracturing stage profiles for hydraulic fracturing stages.
In another embodiment, the GTEs may be dual-fuel or bi-fuel. In other words, the GTE may be operable using two or more different types of fuel, such as natural gas and diesel fuel, or other types of fuel. A dual-fuel or bi-fuel GTE may be operable using a first type of fuel, a second type of fuel, and/or a combination of the first type of fuel and the second type of fuel. For example, the fuel may include gaseous fuels, such as, compressed natural gas (CNG), natural gas, field gas, pipeline gas, methane, propane, butane, and/or liquid fuels, such as, diesel fuel (e.g., #2 diesel), bio-diesel fuel, bio-fuel, alcohol, gasoline, gasohol, aviation fuel, and other fuels. The gaseous fuels may be supplied by CNG bulk vessels, a gas compressor, a liquid natural gas vaporizer, line gas, and/or well-gas produced natural gas. Other types and associated fuel supply sources are contemplated. The one or more internal combustion engines 103 may be operated to provide horsepower to drive the transmission 136 connected to the electrical generators to provide electrical power to the hydraulic fracturing equipment at the wellsite hydraulic fracturing system 100.
The wellsite hydraulic fracturing system 100 may also include a plurality of mobile power units 106 to drive hydraulic fracturing pumps 108. In an embodiment, the mobile power unit 106 may be an internal combustion engine 107 (e.g., a GTE or reciprocating-piston engine). In another embodiment, the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 may be a directly-driven turbine (DDT) hydraulic fracturing pumps. In such examples, the internal combustion engine 107 may connect to the DDT hydraulic fracturing pump via a transmission 138 connected to a drive shaft, the drive shaft connected to an input flange of the DDT hydraulic fracturing pump. Other engine-to-pump connections may be utilized. In another embodiment, the mobile power units 106 may include auxiliary internal combustion engines, auxiliary electric generators, backup power sources, and/or some combination thereof.
In another embodiment, the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 may be positioned around a wellhead 110 and may discharge, at a high pressure, slurry to a manifold 144 such that the high pressure slurry may be provided to the wellhead 110 for a hydraulic fracturing stage, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. In such examples, each of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 may discharge the slurry through high-pressure discharge lines 109 to flow lines 111 on manifold 144. The flow lines 111 may connect to or combine at the manifold 144. The manifold 144 may provide the slurry or combined slurry to a manifold assembly 113. The manifold assembly 113 may provide the slurry to the wellhead 110 or one or more wellheads. After a hydraulic fracturing stage is complete, some portion of the slurry may return to a flowback manifold (not shown). From the flowback manifold, the slurry may flow to a flowback tank (not shown).
In an embodiment, the slurry may refer to a mixture of fluid (such as water), proppants, and chemical additives. The proppants may be small granules, for example, sand, ceramics, gravel, other particulates, and/or some combination thereof. Further, the granules may be coated in resin. As noted above, once fractures are introduced in reservoir rocks or formations and the slurry is drained or pumped back, the proppants may remain and prop or keep open the newly formed fractures, thus preventing the newly formed fractures from closing or, at least, reducing contracture of the newly formed fractures. Further, chemicals may be added to the slurry. For example, the chemicals may be thickening agents, gels, dilute acids, biocides, breakers, corrosion inhibitors, friction reducers, potassium chloride, oxygen scavengers, pH adjusting agents, scale inhibitors, and/or surfactants. Other chemical additives may be utilized.
The wellsite hydraulic fracturing system 100 may also include a blender unit 112, a hydration unit 114, a chemical additive unit 116, and a conveyor 118 (one or more of which may be referred to as backside equipment 120). In an embodiment, for a hydraulic fracturing stage, the blender unit 112 may provide an amount of slurry at a specified flow rate to the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108, the slurry to be discharged by the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 to the wellhead 110 (as described above). The flow rate for slurry from the blender unit 112 may be determined by a sensor such as a flow meter (e.g., blender flow rate meter 160). Further, the conveyor 118 may provide proppant to a mixer 122 of the blender unit 112. The conveyor 118 may include a conveyor belt, an auger, a chute (including a mechanism to allow passage of a specified amount of proppant), and/or other equipment to move or transfer proppant to the blender unit 112, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. Further still, the hydration unit 114 may provide a specified amount of fluid, from water tanks 115, and chemicals, from the chemical additive unit 116, to the mixer 122 of the blender unit 112. The chemical additive unit 116 may provide a specified amount and type of chemicals to hydration unit 114. The mixer 122 of the blender unit 112 may mix the fluid, proppant, and chemicals to create the slurry to be utilized by the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108. As noted above, the blender unit 112 may then pressurize and discharge the slurry from hose 142 to flow line 140 to the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108.
In another embodiment, the wellsite hydraulic fracturing system 100, or a portion of the wellsite hydraulic fracturing system 100, may be mobile or portable. Such mobility may allow for the wellsite hydraulic fracturing system 100 to be assembled or disassembled quickly. For example, a majority of the hydraulic fracturing equipment may be included on trailers attached to vehicles or on the vehicles. When a wellsite starts hydraulic fracturing stages, the hydraulic fracturing equipment may be brought to the wellsite, assembled, and utilized and when the hydraulic fracturing stages are completed, the hydraulic fracturing equipment may be disassembled and transported to another wellsite. In such examples, data or hydraulic fracturing stage parameters may be retained by a supervisory controller 124 or another computing device for later use.
The wellsite hydraulic fracturing system 100 may also include a control unit, control center, data van, data center, controller, or supervisory controller 124 to monitor and control operations hydraulic fracturing equipment at the wellsite. In other words, the supervisory controller 124 may be in signal communication with the hydraulic fracturing equipment. The supervisory controller 124 may be in signal communication (to transmit and/or receive signals) with components, other controllers, and/or sensors included on or with the mobile power units 102 driving the electrical generators 104, the internal combustion engines 103, the mobile power units 106 driving the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108, the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108, the internal combustion engines 107, the manifold 144, the wellhead 110, the flow line 111, the hose 142, the backside equipment 120, other equipment at the wellsite, and/or some combination thereof. Further, other equipment may be included in the same location as the supervisory controller 124, such as a display or terminal, an input device, other computing devices, and/or other electronic devices.
As used herein, “signal communication” refers to electric communication such as hard wiring two components together or wireless communication, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. Wireless communication may be Wi-Fi®, Bluetooth®, ZigBee®, or forms of near field communications. In addition, signal communication may include one or more intermediate controllers or relays disposed between elements that are in signal communication with one another.
In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may be in signal communication with a display, a terminal, and/or a computing device, as well as associated input devices. Further, the display may be included with a computing device. The computing device may include a user interface (the user interface to be displayed on the display). The user interface may be a graphical user interface (GUI). In another embodiment, the user interface may be an operating system. In such examples, the operating system may include various firmware, software, and/or drivers that allow a user to communicate or interface with, via input devices, the hardware of the computing device and, thus, with the supervisory controller 124. The computing device may include other peripherals or input devices, e.g., a mouse, a pointer device, a keyboard, and/or a touchscreen. The supervisory controller 124 may communicate, send or transmit prompts, requests, or notifications to the display through the computing device to the display. As used herein, “user” may refer an operator, a single operator, a person, or any personnel at, or remote from, the wellsite hydraulic fracturing system 100. In another embodiment, a user may send data, e.g., through data entry, via an input device, into a computing device associated with the display for a hydraulic fracturing stage profile, from the display to the supervisory controller 124. The user may send responses, e.g., through user selection of a prompt, via the input device, on the display, from the display to the supervisory controller 124.
In an embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may be in signal communication with the backside equipment 120 to control the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters for a hydraulic fracturing stage. In other words, the supervisory controller 124 may communicate the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters to and control the backside equipment 120 for a current hydraulic fracturing stage. Further, the supervisory controller 124 may communicate with controllers of the backside equipment 120. For example, the supervisory controller 124 may transmit, to controller 150 of the chemical additive unit 116, the amount and type of chemicals to be sent to the hydration unit 114 for the current hydraulic fracturing stage. The supervisory controller 124 may also transmit, through the signal communication, the amount of fluid, to the controller 148 of the hydration unit 114, to provide to the mixer 122 of the blender unit 112 for the current hydraulic fracturing stage. Further, the supervisory controller 124 may also transmit, through the signal communication, the amount and type of proppant, to controller 152 of the conveyor 118, to provide to the mixer 122 of the blender unit 112 for the current hydraulic fracturing stage. Further still, the supervisory controller 124 may transmit, through the signal communication, to a controller 154 of the blender unit 112 the flow rate of the slurry from the blender unit 112 to a set of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 for the current hydraulic fracturing stage. The supervisory controller 124 may also be in signal communication with the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 and/or a controller 146 of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 to control or transmit the flow rate (minimum and/or maximum flow rate) of the discharge of the slurry from the set of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108, the maximum pressure of the slurry, and/or the pressure rating (minimum and/or maximum pressure rate) of the slurry for the current hydraulic fracturing stage.
The supervisory controller 124 may also be in signal communication with various sensors, equipment, controllers and/or other components disposed around and on the hydraulic fracturing equipment at the wellsite hydraulic fracturing system 100. For example, the supervisory controller 124 may receive a measurement of pressure and flow rate of the slurry being delivered to the wellhead 110 from a wellhead pressure transducer 128, the pressure and flow rate of the slurry at a manifold pressure transducer 130, the pressure of the slurry at a hydraulic fracturing pump output pressure transducer 132, and/or data related to each of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 from a hydraulic fracturing pump profiler. The wellhead pressure transducer 128 may be disposed at the wellhead 110 to measure a pressure of the fluid at the wellhead 110. While the manifold pressure transducer 130 may be disposed at the end of the manifold 144 (as shown in
Each of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 may include a hydraulic fracturing pump profiler. The hydraulic fracturing pump profiler may be instructions stored in a memory, executable by a processor, of a controller 146. In another embodiment, the hydraulic fracturing pump profiler may be another controller or other computing device. The controller 146 may be disposed on each of the one or more hydraulic fracturing pumps 108. The hydraulic fracturing pump profiler may provide various data points related to each of the one or more hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 to the supervisory controller 124, for example, the hydraulic fracturing pump profiler may provide data including hydraulic fracturing pump characteristics (minimum flow rate, maximum flow rate, harmonization rate, and/or hydraulic fracturing pump condition), maintenance data associated with the one or more hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 and mobile power units 106 (e.g., health, maintenance schedules and/or histories associated with the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108, the internal combustion engine 107, and/or the transmission 138), operation data associated with the one or more hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 and mobile power units 106 (e.g., historical data associated with horsepower, fluid pressures, fluid flow rates, etc., associated with operation of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 and mobile power units 106), data related to the transmissions 138 (e.g., hours of operation, health, efficiency, and/or installation age), data related to the internal combustion engines 107 (e.g., hours of operation, health, available power, and/or installation age), information related to the one or more hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 (e.g., hours of operation, plunger and/or stroke size, maximum speed, efficiency, health, and/or installation age), and/or equipment alarm history (e.g., life reduction events, pump cavitation events, pump pulsation events, and/or emergency shutdown events).
The supervisory controller 124 may include instructions stored in the memory 202, when executed by the processor 204, to determine whether previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles are available for use in a current hydraulic fracturing stage profile. To determine that such previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles exist, the supervisory controller 124 (in other words, the instructions executed by the processor 204) may check a local memory or other machine-readable storage medium included with or attached to the supervisory controller 124, a computing device 208, or some other specified location. In such examples, the supervisory controller 124 may include previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles in memory 202 (as in, local memory), another machine-readable storage medium included in the supervisory controller 124, or a machine-readable storage medium connected or added to the supervisory controller 124 (such as, a USB key or an external hard drive). In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may be in signal communication with a computing device 208. The computing device 208 may be a server, edge server, storage device, database, and/or personal computer (such as a desktop, laptop, workstation, tablet, or smart phone). The computing device 208 may store previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles 210. Further, the computing device 208 may store previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles 210 from a separate or different hydraulic fracturing wellsite. In other words, a previous wellsite at which at least portions of the wellsite hydraulic fracturing system 100 was used. As noted, the supervisory controller 124 may check the computing device 208 for any previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles 210. The supervisory controller 124 may determine whether previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles may be used in a current hydraulic fracturing stage profile based on the equipment available, data from the hydraulic fracturing pump profiler, and/or other data related to the wellsite hydraulic fracturing system 100.
The supervisory controller 124 may include instructions stored in the memory 202, when executed by the processor 204, to build a new hydraulic fracturing stage profile for the current hydraulic fracturing stage and/or further hydraulic fracturing stages. The supervisory controller 124 may build the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile based, at least, in part on one or more previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles, data from the hydraulic fracturing fleet, data from one or more previous wellsites that the hydraulic fracturing fleet may have been utilized at, the hydraulic fracturing fleets alarm history, data from the hydraulic fracturing pump profiler or profilers, and/or data from the controller 146 of the one or more hydraulic fracturing pumps 108. The supervisory controller 124 may consider, when building the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile, geological data of the current wellsite and, if available, geological data of previous wellsites. For example, based on the geological data of the current wellsite, the supervisory controller 124 may set a specific type and amount of proppant and chemicals to be added to a slurry, an amount of water to be added to the slurry, and a flow rate of the slurry from the blender unit 112. In another embodiment, based on geological data and/or available hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 (availability which may be determined based on maintenance data, prior hydraulic fracturing stage completions, alerts/events, and/or other data described herein), the supervisory controller 124 may select which hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 may be utilized for a specific hydraulic fracturing stage. Other equipment and/or aspects for a hydraulic fracturing stage may be determined by the supervisory controller 124 based on other data described herein. After the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile is built, the supervisory controller 124 may prompt the user to utilize the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile for the current hydraulic fracturing stage. The supervisory controller 124 may build the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile by populating the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile with one or more hydraulic fracturing stage parameters, based on the data described above. Before selecting the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile, the user may amend new hydraulic fracturing stage profile.
The supervisory controller 124 may include instructions stored in the memory 202 which, when executed by the processor 204, may, in response to a determination the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles are not available (as described above), send prompts to the display 206 requesting that the user, for a current hydraulic fracturing stage, enter in, via an input device included with display 206 (described above), new hydraulic fracturing stage job parameters for a new or current hydraulic fracturing stage profile and a new or current hydraulic fracturing stage. In such examples, the instructions, when executed by the processor 204, may communicate or send a data packet including text to include on the display 206 and a form or data fields. The form or data fields may accept a user's input and include text indicating the purpose of a specific box in the form or a specific data field. The form or data fields may match or include boxes for each of the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters. In other words, the supervisory controller 124 may send a form, list, or data fields corresponding to the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters, thus, allowing a user to enter or alter or amend the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters for the new or current hydraulic fracturing stage. The instructions, when executed by the processor 204, may include an interactive save field or button. The interactive save field or button may allow the user to save entered hydraulic fracturing stage parameters as a new or current hydraulic fracturing stage profile.
The supervisory controller 124 may include instructions stored in the memory 202 which, when executed by the processor 204, may, in response to a determination the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles are available (as described above), communicate or send prompts to the display 206 requesting that the user, for a current hydraulic fracturing stage, accept or amend, at an input device included with display 206 (described above), one of the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles for the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile. In such examples, the instructions, when executed by the processor 204, may communicate or send a list of the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles. Each of the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles may be selectable by the user. In another embodiment, each of the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles may include two options, accept or amend.
The supervisory controller 124 may include instructions stored in the memory 202 which, when executed by the processor 204, may, in response to a selection to amend a previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile, communicate or send a request that the user amend the selected hydraulic fracturing stage profile. In such examples, the instructions, when executed by the processor 204, may communicate or send a data packet including text to include on the display 206 and a form or data fields filled in with the data from the selected hydraulic fracturing stage parameters. In other words, the form or data fields may appear the same as described above, but may be pre-filled with the data from the selected hydraulic fracturing stage profile. Any form or data field may be updated or remain as is. As described above, a save button may be included.
The supervisory controller 124 may include instructions stored in the memory 202 which, when executed by the processor 204, may prompt the user to accept the selected, new, or amended hydraulic fracturing stage profile as the current hydraulic stage profile for the current hydraulic stage profile. In such examples, the instructions, when executed by the processor 204) may communicate or send the prompt in response to an entry or amendment and save of a new hydraulic fracturing stage profile or amended selected hydraulic fracturing stage profile, respectively. In a further example, the instructions may communicate or send the prompt in response to a selection of a previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile.
The supervisory controller 124 may include instructions stored in the memory 202 which, when executed by the processor 204, may, in response to a reception of an acceptance of the selected, new, or amended hydraulic fracturing stage profile, communicate or send the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile (in other words, the current hydraulic fracturing stage parameters) to the backside equipment 120 for the current hydraulic fracturing stage. As noted above, the supervisory controller 124 may be in signal communication with the backside equipment 120. The connection between the supervisory controller 124 and backside equipment 120 may be a representational state transfer (REST or RESTful) interface, a Web Socket® interface, or some other transmission control protocol (TCP) or QUIC based interface. In such examples, the current hydraulic fracturing stage parameters may be sent from the supervisory controller 124 to the backside equipment 120 over hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), hypertext transfer protocol secure (HTTPS), or other protocol.
After the supervisory controller 124 communicates or sends the current hydraulic fracturing stage parameters to the backside equipment 120 (blender unit 112, hydration unit 114, chemical additive unit 116, and conveyor 118) the supervisory controller 124 may wait for a confirmation of reception of the current hydraulic fracturing stage parameters. In response to a reception of the confirmation of reception of the current hydraulic fracturing stage parameters, the supervisory controller 124 may include instructions which, when executed by the processor 204, may determine a set of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 to be utilized based on the flow rate, pressure rate, maximum pressure, and hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 available for use.
In another embodiment, after the set of hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 are selected for the current hydraulic fracturing stage, the processor 204 of the supervisory controller 124 may execute instructions included in the memory 202 to determine whether the set of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 meet the pressure rate and/or maximum pressure of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile. In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may include instructions stored in the memory 202 which, when executed by the processor 204, may, in response to a determination that not all of the sets of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 meet the pressure rate and/or maximum pressure of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile, notify the user which of the set of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 may not meet the criteria of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile and determine if any of the set of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 meet a pressure rate utilization of between 50% to 98% (e.g., between 75% to 90%) of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile. If one of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 do not meet a pressure rate utilization of between 50% to 98% (e.g., between 75% to 90%) of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile, the processor 204 of the supervisory controller 124 may execute instructions to discount or remove the hydraulic fracturing pump from use in the current hydraulic fracturing stage. If one of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 do meet a pressure rate utilization of between 50% to 98% (e.g., between 75% to 90%) of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile, the processor 204 of the supervisory controller 124 may execute instructions to send a prompt to the display 206 notifying a user that the user may accept use of the hydraulic fracturing pump. If a user chooses to utilize the hydraulic fracturing pump, the processor 204 of the supervisory controller 124 may execute instructions to prompt the user to enter an identification number to confirm an acceptance of the hydraulic fracturing pump.
In another embodiment, after the determination of whether to discount or remove any of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 due to pressure rate utilization, the processor 204 of the supervisory controller 124 may execute instructions included in the memory 202 to determine whether the set of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 meet the flow rate of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile. In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may include instructions stored in the memory 202 which, when executed by the processor 204, may, in response to a determination that not all of the sets of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 meet the flow rate of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile, notify the user which of the set of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 may not meet the criteria of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile and determine if any of the set of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 meet a flow rate at between 50% to 98% (e.g., between 75% to 90%) of crank RPM rating of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile. If one of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 do not meet a flow rate at between 50% to 98% (e.g., between 75% to 90%) of crank RPM rating of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile, the processor 204 of the supervisory controller 124 may execute instructions to discount or remove the hydraulic fracturing pump from use in the current hydraulic fracturing stage. If one of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 do meet a flow rate at between 50% to 98% (e.g., between 75% to 90%) of crank RPM rating of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile, the processor 204 of the supervisory controller 124 may execute instructions to communicate or send a prompt to the display 206 notifying a user that the user may accept use of the hydraulic fracturing pump. If a user chooses to utilize the hydraulic fracturing pump, the processor 204 of the supervisory controller 124 may execute instructions to prompt the user to enter an identification number to confirm an acceptance of the hydraulic fracturing pump.
In another embodiment, after the determination of whether to discount or remove any of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 due to flow rate utilization, the processor 204 of the supervisory controller 124 may execute instructions included in the memory 202 to determine whether the set of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 meet a power utilization between 50% to 98% (e.g., between 75% to 80%) of maximum pressure for the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile. In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may include instructions stored in the memory 202 which, when executed by the processor 204, may, in response to a determination that not all of the sets of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 meet the power utilization between 50% to 98% (e.g., between 75% to 80%) of maximum pressure for the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile, notify the user of the poor power utilization and prompt the operator to accept an increase in power utilization of the set of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108. In response to an acceptance of the prompt to increase power utilization, the processor 204 may execute instructions to move one of the poor power utilization hydraulic fracturing pumps offline (in other words, remove a hydraulic fracturing pump from the set of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108) at a time, until a desired power utilization is met. In another embodiment, the processor 204 may execute instructions to remove all of the poor power utilization hydraulic fracturing pumps offline or prompt the user to select which poor power utilization hydraulic fracturing pumps to move offline.
At block 302, the supervisory controller 124 may determine whether one or more previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles 210 are available for use with the hydraulic fracturing equipment at the hydraulic fracturing wellsite. In an example, the supervisory controller 124 may search all storage attached or connected to the supervisory controller 124 to determine whether a previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile is available. In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may determine whether a previous hydraulic fracturing stage is available for use after receiving a prompt from a user (e.g., when a user starts a process at a terminal or display 206 with an input device). In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may perform the determination upon or without user intervention. For example, in response to a user opening or initiating an application, the supervisory controller 124 may initiate the determination. The supervisory controller 124, without intervention may initiate the determination after an event, e.g., the event being a completion of a previous hydraulic fracturing stage).
At block 304, supervisory controller 124 may prompt a user to accept or amend the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile as a current hydraulic fracturing stage profile for a current hydraulic fracturing pumping stage, in response to the determination that previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles are available for use. Stated another way, if hydraulic fracturing stage profiles are available, the supervisory controller 124 may prompt the user to accept or amend one of the available hydraulic fracturing stage profiles. In such examples, the supervisory controller 124 may list the available hydraulic fracturing stage profiles available for use. In such examples, a user may select one of the available hydraulic fracturing stage profiles for use in the next hydraulic fracturing stage. In another embodiment, supervisory controller 124 may prompt the user to select an available hydraulic fracturing stage profile while a hydraulic fracturing stage is occurring. In another embodiment, when a user selects a previous hydraulic fracturing stage to amend, the supervisory controller 124 may populate the display 206 or terminal with the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters of the selected hydraulic fracturing stage profile. The user may update or change any of the values populated on the display 206. In another embodiment, an interactive save field or button may populate the display 206 or terminal along with the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters of the selected hydraulic fracturing stage profile. After the user updates or changes the parameters, the user may save the changes or updates.
At block 306, in response to a reception of an amendment of a previous or available hydraulic fracturing stage, the supervisory controller 124 may prompt, at a display 206 or terminal, a user to accept the amended previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile as the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile. In other words, the amended previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile may be utilized, by the supervisory controller 124, as the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile for a current hydraulic fracturing stage.
At block 308, in response to either a selection or amendment of a previous hydraulic fracturing storage profile, the supervisory controller 124 may build another hydraulic fracturing stage profile based at least in part on the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile for a next hydraulic fracturing stage. The supervisory controller 124 may also base the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile on one or more previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles, data from the hydraulic fracturing fleet, data from previous wellsites that the hydraulic fracturing fleet may have been utilized at, the hydraulic fracturing fleets alarm history, data from the hydraulic fracturing pump profiler, data from the controller 146 of the one or more hydraulic fracturing pumps 108, and/or other data relevant to a hydraulic fracturing stage, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. In other words, the supervisory controller 124 may populate the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters for the next hydraulic fracturing stage based on the data noted above. At a later time, the supervisory controller 124 may prompt a user to accept or amend the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile for the next hydraulic fracturing stage.
The supervisory controller 124 may also store the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile in memory 202 as another previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile or the new hydraulic fracturing stage profile (noted above) for the next hydraulic fracturing stage for use in association with the supervisory controller 124. In other words, the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile or the new hydraulic fracturing stage may be stored along with an indicator. In an example, the indicator may indicate which hydraulic fracturing stage the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile is to be used or utilized with. For example, a user may create, select, or amend n hydraulic fracturing stage profiles. Each of the n hydraulic fracturing stage profiles may be associated with a like numbered hydraulic fracturing stage (e.g., a n hydraulic fracturing stage profile may be associated with a n hydraulic fracturing stage, a n-1 hydraulic fracturing stage profile may be associated with a n-1 hydraulic fracturing stage, a n-2 hydraulic fracturing stage profile may be associated with a n-2 hydraulic fracturing stage, etc.). In an example, the indicator may be represented by an ID, number, letter, name, or some combination thereof. In another embodiment, a hydraulic fracturing stage may be saved as a JSON, BSON, XML, XLS, DB, or some other appropriate file type. In such examples, the name of the saved hydraulic fracturing stage profile may indicate the associated hydraulic fracturing stage.
At block 310, the supervisory controller 124 may prompt a user to configure hydraulic fracturing pumping stage parameters for the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile, in response to the determination that previous hydraulic fracturing stage profiles are not available for use. In such examples, the supervisory controller 124 may populate the display 206 or terminal with blank fields, including labels or texts to indicate the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters.
The supervisory controller 124 may store (as describe above) the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile in memory 202 as the previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile for use in association with the supervisory controller 124. In such examples, a previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile may not be available for use in either the supervisory controller's 124 memory 202 or at the computing device 208. In such examples, the supervisory controller 124 may store the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile as a previous hydraulic fracturing stage profile for potential use in a next or future hydraulic fracturing stage. As described above, the supervisory controller 124 may also build 312 a new hydraulic fracturing stage profile for the next hydraulic fracturing stage based on the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile, as well as other data, as will be understood by those in the art.
At block 314, the supervisory controller 124 may prompt the user at the terminal to verify that the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters in the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile are correct. In other words, in response to a selection, amendment, or entry of a new hydraulic fracturing stage profile, the supervisory controller 124 may send a prompt to the terminal requesting verification that the new hydraulic fracturing stage contains the correct hydraulic fracturing stage parameters for the current hydraulic fracturing stage. In such examples, the supervisory controller 124 may include the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters in the prompt for verification, thus allowing for the user to visually confirm that the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters are correct of the current hydraulic fracturing stage.
At block 402, in response to reception of a confirmation or verification that the current hydraulic fracturing stage parameters of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile are correct, the supervisory controller 124 may communicate or send the hydraulic fracturing stage parameters of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile to the blender unit 112, hydration unit 114, and chemical additive unit 116. At block 404, the supervisory controller 124 may confirm reception of the hydraulic fracturing pumping stage parameters of the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile from the blender unit 112, hydration unit 114, and chemical additive unit 116. In other words, before the hydraulic fracturing stage may continue, the supervisory controller 124 may wait for confirmation of reception of the parameters by the backside equipment 120. In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may also communicate or send the parameters to the conveyor 118. In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may communicate or send the parameters to the backside equipment 120 in a specific order. For example, the supervisory controller 124 may send the parameters to the blender unit 112 first. After confirmation of data reception by the blender unit 112 to the supervisory controller 124, the supervisory controller 124 may communicate or send the parameters to the hydration unit 114. After confirmation of data reception by the supervisory controller 124 from the hydration unit 114, the supervisory controller 124 may communicate or send data to the chemical additive unit 116. In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may send the parameters to all the backside equipment 120 at once and wait for confirmation from all of the backside equipment 120 before moving on. In another embodiment, the confirmation may be sent automatically by each of the backside equipment 120. In another embodiment, a user or operator at each piece of the backside equipment 120 may verify that the parameters have been sent and are correct for the current hydraulic fracturing stage.
At block 406, the supervisory controller 124 may determine the available hydraulic fracturing pumps which meet the current hydraulic fracturing stage profiles pressure rate, maximum pressure, and flow rate. In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may consider other factors in hydraulic fracturing pump availability. For example, the supervisory controller 124 may consider the hydraulic fracturing pumps' 108 maintenance schedules, current fuel levels for the internal combustion engines 107 powering the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108, which of the hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 are currently in use, and/or proximity of hydraulic fracturing pumps 108 to the wellhead 110. At block 408, based on the available hydraulic fracturing pumps, the supervisory controller 124 may select, from the available hydraulic fracturing pumps, the hydraulic fracturing pumps to meet the flow rate, pressure rate, and/or maximum pressure.
At block 410, the supervisory controller 124 may determine whether the selected hydraulic fracture pumps meet the profiles pressure rating. At block 412, if the selected hydraulic fracturing pumps do not meet the pressure rating, the supervisory controller 124 may notify a user, at the display 206, that a set of the selected hydraulic fracturing pumps do not meet the pressure rating. At block 414, after notifying the user, the supervisory controller 124 may determine whether the discounted hydraulic fracturing pumps may meet pressure utilizing 50% to 98% (e.g., 75% to 90%) of the profile pressure rating. At block 418, if the hydraulic fracturing pumps may meet 50% to 98% (e.g., 75% to 80%), then the supervisory controller 124 may notify the user. At block 420, after notifying the user, the supervisory controller 124 may send the user a confirmation on whether to use the discounted hydraulic fracturing pumps. In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may send the notification and request to select the hydraulic fracturing pumps together (in other words, blocks 418 and 420 may performed simultaneously). At block 416, if the user decides to not use the hydraulic fracturing pumps or if the hydraulic fracturing pumps do not utilize at least 50% (e.g., at least 75%) of the profile pressure rating, the supervisory controller 124 may discount the hydraulic fracturing pumps. In other words, the supervisory controller 124 may remove the hydraulic fracturing pumps from the set of selected hydraulic fracturing pumps for the current hydraulic fracturing stage. At block 422, if the user decides to use the hydraulic fracturing pumps utilizing 50% to 98% (e.g., 75% to 90%) of the hydraulic fracturing stage profile pressure rating, the supervisory controller 124 may send a prompt requesting the user to enter in identification to confirm the selection. In an embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may store the identification, a timestamp, the pumps selected, and/or some combination thereof at a local memory of the supervisory controller 124 or at a separate computing device 208. At block 424, the supervisory controller 124 may move the scheduled maintenance of the selected hydraulic fracturing pumps forward or to a sooner date and time.
At block 426, the supervisory controller 124 may determine whether the selected hydraulic fracture pumps meet the profiles flow rate. At block 428, if the selected hydraulic fracturing pumps do not meet the flow rate, the supervisory controller 124 may notify a user, at the display 206, that a set of the selected hydraulic fracturing pumps do not meet the flow rate. At block 430, after notifying the user, the supervisory controller 124 may calculate whether the discounted hydraulic fracturing pumps may meet flow rate utilizing 50% to 98% (e.g., 75% to 90%) of the crank RPM rating. At block 432, if the hydraulic fracturing pumps may meet 50% to 98% (e.g., 75% to 80%), then the supervisory controller 124 may notify the user. At block 434, after notifying the user, the supervisory controller 124 may send the user a confirmation on whether to use the discounted hydraulic fracturing pumps. In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may send the notification and request to select the hydraulic fracturing pumps together or simultaneously. At block 440, if the user decides to not use the hydraulic fracturing pumps or if the hydraulic fracturing pumps do not meet flow rate utilizing at least 50% (e.g., at least 75%) of the crank RPM rating, the supervisory controller 124 may discount the hydraulic fracturing pumps. In other words, the supervisory controller 124 may remove the hydraulic fracturing pumps from the set of selected hydraulic fracturing pumps for the current hydraulic fracturing stage. At block 436, if the user decides to use the hydraulic fracturing pumps that meet flow rate utilizing 50% to 98% (e.g., 75% to 90%) of the crank RPM rating, the supervisory controller 124 may send a prompt requesting the user to enter in identification to confirm the selection. In an embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may store the identification, a timestamp, the hydraulic fracturing pumps selected, and/or some combination thereof at a local memory of the supervisory controller 124 or at the separate computing device 208. At block 438, the supervisory controller 124 may move the scheduled maintenance of the selected hydraulic fracturing pumps forward or to a sooner date and time.
At block 442, the supervisory controller 124 may determine the hydraulic fracturing pumps power utilization. In other words, the supervisory controller 124 may determine whether all remaining hydraulic fracturing pumps being utilized for the current hydraulic fracturing stage operate at 50% to 90% maximum horsepower at 50% to 90% of maximum stage pressure at a full flow rate. At block 444, if the hydraulic fracturing pumps do not meet power utilization, the supervisory controller 124 may notify the user. At block 446, the supervisory controller 124 may prompt the user to accept an increase in power utilization. At block 448, if the user accepts the power optimization, each hydraulic fracturing pump with a poor power utilization may be taken offline serially or, in other words, one at a time until the desired power utilization it met. In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may remove all hydraulic fracturing pumps not meeting power utilization.
At block 450, the supervisory controller 124 may notify the user which hydraulic fracturing pumps are to be utilized or are left for the current hydraulic fracturing stage. At block 452, after notifying the user, the supervisory controller 124 may prompt the user to confirm the hydraulic fracturing pump selection. In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may communicate or send a list of the hydraulic fracturing pumps for the stage, as well as a prompt to confirm the selection. In response to a confirmation, the supervisory controller 124 may start the hydraulic fracturing stage. In another embodiment, a previous hydraulic fracturing stage may be occurring and in response to the confirmation, the supervisory controller 124 may prompt the user to enter, select, or amend another hydraulic fracturing stage profile for another hydraulic fracturing stage. At block 454, the supervisory controller 124 may determine whether there are other hydraulic fracturing stages. At block 456, the supervisory controller 124 may prompt the user to enter, select, or amend another hydraulic fracturing stage profile for further or other hydraulic fracturing stages, until all planned hydraulic fracturing stages include hydraulic fracturing stage parameters. At block 458, for further hydraulic fracturing stage profiles, the supervisory controller 124 may prompt the user to enter in a time delay. For example, when the current stage finishes, the next stage, while ready to start, may not start until after the specified time delay. The time delay may allow for a user or other personnel/operators to inspect the hydraulic fracturing equipment at the wellsite before the next stage begins. In another embodiment, rather than a time delay, the supervisory controller 124 may prompt the user to confirm the next stage before initiation.
As noted, the data van 534 may include a business network 536 or business unit. The business network 536 may include a computing device 526 to store the hydraulic fracturing stage profiles, as well as other wellsite data and analytics. The computing device 526 may be in signal communication with the controller. The computing device 526 may be a server. In another embodiment, the computing device 526 may be an edge server. In a further example, the computing device 526 may connect to a switch 528 to send, through an internet connection 530, data and/or analytics of the wellsite to a data center 532 for further analysis. Further, the hydraulic fracturing pumps 506 and backside equipment 504 may connect, through the internet connection 530, to the data center 532, thus providing real time data to the data center 532.
As noted above, the supervisory controller 124 may determine whether a hydraulic fracturing pumps pressure meets the pressure rate specified in the current hydraulic fracturing stage profile. At block 902, the supervisory controller 124 may scan a hydraulic fracturing pump's pump profiler, controller, or sensor to obtain or determine 903 the maximum pressure that the hydraulic fracturing pumps may meet. At block 904, the supervisory controller 124 may store the plunger diameter (PD) from the pump profiler. At block 906, the supervisory controller 124 may store the maximum rod load (RL) for each of the hydraulic fracturing pumps. At block 908, the controller may determine 75% of the maximum RL. At block 910, the supervisory controller 124, utilizing maximum RL, may determine the maximum pressure (PSI) of the hydraulic fracturing pump with the following equation:
At block 912, the supervisory controller 124 may compare the determined pressure to the maximum pressure of the hydraulic fracturing stage profile. As noted above and in relation to method 400, the supervisory controller 124 may discount or remove the hydraulic fracturing pumps, which do not meet 50% to 90% of the pressure rating of the current hydraulic fracturing profile.
As noted above, the supervisory controller 124 may determine whether a hydraulic fracturing pumps flow rate meets the flow rate specified in the hydraulic fracturing stage profile. At block 1002, the supervisory controller 124 may scan a hydraulic fracturing pump's pump profiler, controller, or sensor to obtain or determine, at block 1003, the maximum flow rate that the hydraulic fracturing pump may pump. At block 1004, the controller may store the plunger diameter (PD), stroke length (SL), number of cylinders (NC), and/or maximum RPM for each hydraulic fracturing pump. At block 1006, the supervisory controller 124 may determine the displacement per revolution (GPR):
At block 1008, utilizing 75% of the maximum pump RPM rating, the supervisory controller 124 may determine gallons per minute (GPM) with the following equation:
GPR*RPM=GPM
In another embodiment, the supervisory controller 124 may convert the GPM to barrels per minute (BPM). At block 1010, the supervisory controller 124 may sum all flow rates of the hydraulic fracturing pumps that meet the maximum pressure and may compare the summed flow rate to the flow rate of the hydraulic fracturing stage profile. As noted above and in relation to method 400, the supervisory controller 124 may discount or remove the hydraulic fracturing pumps which do not meet the flow rate at 50% to 90% maximum HP at 50% to 90% maximum pressure at full flow rate of the current hydraulic fracturing profile.
References are made to block diagrams of systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products according to example embodiments. It will be understood that at least some of the blocks of the block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams, may be implemented at least partially by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be loaded onto a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, special purpose hardware-based computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus create means for implementing the functionality of at least some of the blocks of the block diagrams, or combinations of blocks in the block diagrams discussed.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a non-transitory machine-readable memory that may direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the machine-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the function specified in the block or blocks. The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide task, acts, actions, or operations for implementing the functions specified in the block or blocks.
One or more components of the systems and one or more elements of the methods described herein may be implemented through an application program running on an operating system of a computer. They may also be practiced with other computer system configurations, including hand-held devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, mini-computers, mainframe computers, and the like.
Application programs that are components of the systems and methods described herein may include routines, programs, components, data structures, etc. that may implement certain abstract data types and perform certain tasks or actions. In a distributed computing environment, the application program (in whole or in part) may be located in local memory or in other storage. In addition, or alternatively, the application program (in whole or in part) may be located in remote memory or in storage to allow for circumstances where tasks may be performed by remote processing devices linked through a communications network.
Although only a few exemplary embodiments have been described in detail herein, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible in the exemplary embodiments without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure as defined in the following claims.
This is a continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 17/555,919, filed Dec. 20, 2021, titled “STAGE PROFILES FOR OPERATIONS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS,” which is a continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 17/500,217, filed Oct. 13, 2021, titled “STAGE PROFILES FOR OPERATIONS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS,” now U.S. Pat. No. 11,236,598, issued Feb. 1, 2022, which is continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 17/308,330, filed May 5, 2021, titled “STAGE PROFILES FOR OPERATIONS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS,” now U.S. Pat. No. 11,208,879, issued Dec. 28, 2021, which is continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 17/182,489, filed Feb. 23, 2021, titled “STAGE PROFILES FOR OPERATIONS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS,” now U.S. Pat. No. 11,028,677, issued Jun. 8, 2021, which claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/705,332, filed Jun. 22, 2020, titled “METHODS AND SYSTEMS TO ENHANCE OPERATION OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURING EQUIPMENT AT A HYDRAULIC FRACTURING WELLSITE BY HYDRAULIC FRACTURING STAGE PROFILES,” and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/705,356, filed Jun. 23, 2020, titled “STAGE PROFILES FOR OPERATIONS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS,” the disclosures of all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
In the drawings and specification, several embodiments of systems and methods of enhancing operation of hydraulic fracturing equipment at a hydraulic fracturing wellsite have been disclosed, and although specific terms are employed, the terms are used in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Embodiments of systems and methods have been described in considerable detail with specific reference to the illustrated embodiments. However, it will be apparent that various modifications and changes may be made within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of systems and methods as described in the foregoing specification, and such modifications and changes are to be considered equivalents and part of this disclosure.
This is a continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 17/555,919, filed Dec. 20, 2021, titled “STAGE PROFILES FOR OPERATIONS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS,” which is a continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 17/500,217, filed Oct. 13, 2021, titled “STAGE PROFILES FOR OPERATIONS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS,” now U.S. Pat. No. 11,236,598, issued Feb. 1, 2022, which is continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 17/308,330, filed May 5, 2021, titled “STAGE PROFILES FOR OPERATIONS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS,” now U.S. Pat. No. 11,208,879, issued Dec. 28, 2021, which is continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 17/182,489, filed Feb. 23, 2021, titled “STAGE PROFILES FOR OPERATIONS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS,” now U.S. Pat. No. 11,028,677, issued Jun. 8, 2021, which claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/705,332, filed Jun. 22, 2020, titled “METHODS AND SYSTEMS TO ENHANCE OPERATION OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURING EQUIPMENT AT A HYDRAULIC FRACTURING WELLSITE BY HYDRAULIC FRACTURING STAGE PROFILES,” and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/705,356, filed Jun. 23, 2020, titled “STAGE PROFILES FOR OPERATIONS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS,” the disclosures of all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1716049 | Greve | Jun 1929 | A |
| 1726633 | Smith | Sep 1929 | A |
| 2178662 | Lars | Nov 1939 | A |
| 2427638 | Vilter | Sep 1947 | A |
| 2498229 | Adler | Feb 1950 | A |
| 2535703 | Smith et al. | Dec 1950 | A |
| 2572711 | Fischer | Oct 1951 | A |
| 2820341 | Amann | Jan 1958 | A |
| 2868004 | Runde | Jan 1959 | A |
| 2940377 | Darnell et al. | Jun 1960 | A |
| 2947141 | Russ | Aug 1960 | A |
| 2956738 | Rosenschold | Oct 1960 | A |
| 3068796 | Pfluger et al. | Dec 1962 | A |
| 3191517 | Solzman | Jun 1965 | A |
| 3257031 | Dietz | Jun 1966 | A |
| 3274768 | Klein | Sep 1966 | A |
| 3378074 | Kiel | Apr 1968 | A |
| 3382671 | Ehni, III | May 1968 | A |
| 3401873 | Privon | Sep 1968 | A |
| 3463612 | Whitsel | Aug 1969 | A |
| 3496880 | Wolff | Feb 1970 | A |
| 3550696 | Kenneday | Dec 1970 | A |
| 3560053 | Ortloff | Feb 1971 | A |
| 3586459 | Zerlauth | Jun 1971 | A |
| 3632222 | Cronstedt | Jan 1972 | A |
| 3656582 | Alcock | Apr 1972 | A |
| 3667868 | Brunner | Jun 1972 | A |
| 3692434 | Schnear | Sep 1972 | A |
| 3739872 | McNair | Jun 1973 | A |
| 3757581 | Mankin | Sep 1973 | A |
| 3759063 | Bendall | Sep 1973 | A |
| 3765173 | Harris | Oct 1973 | A |
| 3771916 | Flanigan et al. | Nov 1973 | A |
| 3773438 | Hall et al. | Nov 1973 | A |
| 3781135 | Nickell | Dec 1973 | A |
| 3786835 | Finger | Jan 1974 | A |
| 3791682 | Mitchell | Feb 1974 | A |
| 3796045 | Foster | Mar 1974 | A |
| 3814549 | Cronstedt | Jun 1974 | A |
| 3820922 | Buse et al. | Jun 1974 | A |
| 3847511 | Cole | Nov 1974 | A |
| 3866108 | Yannone | Feb 1975 | A |
| 3875380 | Rankin | Apr 1975 | A |
| 3963372 | McLain et al. | Jun 1976 | A |
| 4010613 | McInerney | Mar 1977 | A |
| 4019477 | Overton | Apr 1977 | A |
| 4031407 | Reed | Jun 1977 | A |
| 4047569 | Tagirov et al. | Sep 1977 | A |
| 4050862 | Buse | Sep 1977 | A |
| 4059045 | McClain | Nov 1977 | A |
| 4086976 | Holm et al. | May 1978 | A |
| 4117342 | Melley, Jr. | Sep 1978 | A |
| 4173121 | Yu | Nov 1979 | A |
| 4204808 | Reese et al. | May 1980 | A |
| 4209079 | Marchal et al. | Jun 1980 | A |
| 4209979 | Woodhouse et al. | Jul 1980 | A |
| 4222229 | Uram | Sep 1980 | A |
| 4239396 | Arribau et al. | Dec 1980 | A |
| 4269569 | Hoover | May 1981 | A |
| 4311395 | Douthitt et al. | Jan 1982 | A |
| 4330237 | Battah | May 1982 | A |
| 4341508 | Rambin, Jr. | Jul 1982 | A |
| 4357027 | Zeitlow | Nov 1982 | A |
| 4383478 | Jones | May 1983 | A |
| 4402504 | Christian | Sep 1983 | A |
| 4430047 | Ilg | Feb 1984 | A |
| 4442665 | Fick | Apr 1984 | A |
| 4457325 | Green | Jul 1984 | A |
| 4470771 | Hall et al. | Sep 1984 | A |
| 4483684 | Black | Nov 1984 | A |
| 4505650 | Hannett et al. | Mar 1985 | A |
| 4574880 | Handke | Mar 1986 | A |
| 4584654 | Crane | Apr 1986 | A |
| 4620330 | Izzi, Sr. | Nov 1986 | A |
| 4672813 | David | Jun 1987 | A |
| 4754607 | Mackay | Jul 1988 | A |
| 4782244 | Wakimoto | Nov 1988 | A |
| 4796777 | Keller | Jan 1989 | A |
| 4869209 | Young | Sep 1989 | A |
| 4913625 | Gerlowski | Apr 1990 | A |
| 4983259 | Duncan | Jan 1991 | A |
| 4990058 | Eslinger | Feb 1991 | A |
| 5032065 | Yamamuro | Jul 1991 | A |
| 5135361 | Dion | Aug 1992 | A |
| 5167493 | Kobari | Dec 1992 | A |
| 5245970 | Iwaszkiewicz et al. | Sep 1993 | A |
| 5275041 | Poulsen | Jan 1994 | A |
| 5291842 | Sallstrom et al. | Mar 1994 | A |
| 5326231 | Pandeya | Jul 1994 | A |
| 5362219 | Paul et al. | Nov 1994 | A |
| 5482116 | El-Rabaa et al. | Jan 1996 | A |
| 5511956 | Hasegawa | Apr 1996 | A |
| 5517854 | Plumb et al. | May 1996 | A |
| 5537813 | Davis et al. | Jul 1996 | A |
| 5553514 | Walkowc | Sep 1996 | A |
| 5560195 | Anderson et al. | Oct 1996 | A |
| 5586444 | Fung | Dec 1996 | A |
| 5622245 | Reik | Apr 1997 | A |
| 5626103 | Haws et al. | May 1997 | A |
| 5634777 | Albertin | Jun 1997 | A |
| 5651400 | Corts et al. | Jul 1997 | A |
| 5678460 | Walkowc | Oct 1997 | A |
| 5717172 | Griffin, Jr. et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
| 5720598 | de Chizzelle | Feb 1998 | A |
| 5761084 | Edwards | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5811676 | Spalding et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5839888 | Harrison | Nov 1998 | A |
| 5846062 | Yanagisawa et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
| 5875744 | Vallejos | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5983962 | Gerardot | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5992944 | Hara | Nov 1999 | A |
| 6041856 | Thrasher et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6050080 | Horner | Apr 2000 | A |
| 6067962 | Bartley et al. | May 2000 | A |
| 6071188 | O'Neill et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
| 6074170 | Bert et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
| 6123751 | Nelson et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
| 6129335 | Yokogi | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6145318 | Kaplan et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
| 6230481 | Jahr | May 2001 | B1 |
| 6279309 | Lawlor, II et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
| 6321860 | Reddoch | Nov 2001 | B1 |
| 6334746 | Nguyen et al. | Jan 2002 | B1 |
| 6367548 | Purvis et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6401472 | Pollrich | Jun 2002 | B2 |
| 6530224 | Conchieri | Mar 2003 | B1 |
| 6543395 | Green | Apr 2003 | B2 |
| 6644844 | Neal et al. | Nov 2003 | B2 |
| 6655922 | Flek | Dec 2003 | B1 |
| 6669453 | Breeden | Dec 2003 | B1 |
| 6765304 | Baten et al. | Jul 2004 | B2 |
| 6786051 | Kristich et al. | Sep 2004 | B2 |
| 6832900 | Leu | Dec 2004 | B2 |
| 6851514 | Han et al. | Feb 2005 | B2 |
| 6859740 | Stephenson et al. | Feb 2005 | B2 |
| 6901735 | Lohn | Jun 2005 | B2 |
| 6935424 | Lehman et al. | Aug 2005 | B2 |
| 6962057 | Kurokawa et al. | Nov 2005 | B2 |
| 7007966 | Campion | Mar 2006 | B2 |
| 7047747 | Tanaka | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7065953 | Kopko | Jun 2006 | B1 |
| 7143016 | Discenzo et al. | Nov 2006 | B1 |
| 7222015 | Davis et al. | May 2007 | B2 |
| 7281519 | Schroeder | Oct 2007 | B2 |
| 7388303 | Seiver | Jun 2008 | B2 |
| 7404294 | Sundin | Jul 2008 | B2 |
| 7442239 | Armstrong et al. | Oct 2008 | B2 |
| 7516793 | Dykstra | Apr 2009 | B2 |
| 7524173 | Cummins | Apr 2009 | B2 |
| 7545130 | Latham | Jun 2009 | B2 |
| 7552903 | Dunn et al. | Jun 2009 | B2 |
| 7563076 | Brunet et al. | Jul 2009 | B2 |
| 7563413 | Naets et al. | Jul 2009 | B2 |
| 7574325 | Dykstra | Aug 2009 | B2 |
| 7581379 | Yoshida et al. | Sep 2009 | B2 |
| 7594424 | Fazekas | Sep 2009 | B2 |
| 7614239 | Herzog et al. | Nov 2009 | B2 |
| 7627416 | Batenburg et al. | Dec 2009 | B2 |
| 7677316 | Butler et al. | Mar 2010 | B2 |
| 7721521 | Kunkle et al. | May 2010 | B2 |
| 7730711 | Kunkle et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
| 7779961 | Matte | Aug 2010 | B2 |
| 7789452 | Dempsey et al. | Sep 2010 | B2 |
| 7836949 | Dykstra | Nov 2010 | B2 |
| 7841394 | McNeel et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
| 7845413 | Shampine et al. | Dec 2010 | B2 |
| 7861679 | Lemke et al. | Jan 2011 | B2 |
| 7886702 | Jerrell et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
| 7900724 | Promersberger et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
| 7921914 | Bruins et al. | Apr 2011 | B2 |
| 7938151 | Höckner | May 2011 | B2 |
| 7955056 | Pettersson | Jun 2011 | B2 |
| 7980357 | Edwards | Jul 2011 | B2 |
| 8056635 | Shampine et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
| 8083504 | Williams et al. | Dec 2011 | B2 |
| 8099942 | Alexander | Jan 2012 | B2 |
| 8186334 | Ooyama | May 2012 | B2 |
| 8196555 | Ikeda et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
| 8202354 | Iijima | Jun 2012 | B2 |
| 8316936 | Roddy et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
| 8336631 | Shampine et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
| 8388317 | Sung | Mar 2013 | B2 |
| 8414673 | Raje et al. | Apr 2013 | B2 |
| 8469826 | Brosowske | Jun 2013 | B2 |
| 8500215 | Gastauer | Aug 2013 | B2 |
| 8506267 | Gambier et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
| 8575873 | Peterson et al. | Nov 2013 | B2 |
| 8616005 | Cousino, Sr. et al. | Dec 2013 | B1 |
| 8621873 | Robertson et al. | Jan 2014 | B2 |
| 8641399 | Mucibabic | Feb 2014 | B2 |
| 8656990 | Kajaria et al. | Feb 2014 | B2 |
| 8672606 | Glynn et al. | Mar 2014 | B2 |
| 8707853 | Dille et al. | Apr 2014 | B1 |
| 8708667 | Collingborn | Apr 2014 | B2 |
| 8714253 | Sherwood et al. | May 2014 | B2 |
| 8757918 | Ramnarain et al. | Jun 2014 | B2 |
| 8763583 | Hofbauer et al. | Jul 2014 | B2 |
| 8770329 | Spitler | Jul 2014 | B2 |
| 8784081 | Blume | Jul 2014 | B1 |
| 8789601 | Broussard et al. | Jul 2014 | B2 |
| 8794307 | Coquilleau et al. | Aug 2014 | B2 |
| 8801394 | Anderson | Aug 2014 | B2 |
| 8851186 | Shampine et al. | Oct 2014 | B2 |
| 8851441 | Acuna et al. | Oct 2014 | B2 |
| 8886502 | Walters et al. | Nov 2014 | B2 |
| 8894356 | Lafontaine et al. | Nov 2014 | B2 |
| 8905056 | Kendrick | Dec 2014 | B2 |
| 8951019 | Hains et al. | Feb 2015 | B2 |
| 8973560 | Krug | Mar 2015 | B2 |
| 8997904 | Cryer et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
| 9011111 | Lesko | Apr 2015 | B2 |
| 9016383 | Shampine et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
| 9032620 | Frassinelli et al. | May 2015 | B2 |
| 9057247 | Kumar et al. | Jun 2015 | B2 |
| 9097249 | Petersen | Aug 2015 | B2 |
| 9103193 | Coli et al. | Aug 2015 | B2 |
| 9121257 | Coli et al. | Sep 2015 | B2 |
| 9140110 | Coli et al. | Sep 2015 | B2 |
| 9175810 | Hains | Nov 2015 | B2 |
| 9187982 | Dehring et al. | Nov 2015 | B2 |
| 9206667 | Khvoshchev et al. | Dec 2015 | B2 |
| 9212643 | Deliyski | Dec 2015 | B2 |
| 9217318 | Dusterhoft et al. | Dec 2015 | B2 |
| 9222346 | Walls | Dec 2015 | B1 |
| 9297250 | Dusterhoft et al. | Mar 2016 | B2 |
| 9324049 | Thomeer et al. | Apr 2016 | B2 |
| 9341055 | Weightman et al. | May 2016 | B2 |
| 9346662 | Van Vliet et al. | May 2016 | B2 |
| 9366114 | Coli et al. | Jun 2016 | B2 |
| 9376786 | Numasawa | Jun 2016 | B2 |
| 9394829 | Cabeen et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
| 9395049 | Vicknair et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
| 9401670 | Minato et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
| 9410406 | Yuan | Aug 2016 | B2 |
| 9410410 | Broussard et al. | Aug 2016 | B2 |
| 9410546 | Jaeger et al. | Aug 2016 | B2 |
| 9429078 | Crowe et al. | Aug 2016 | B1 |
| 9435333 | McCoy et al. | Sep 2016 | B2 |
| 9488169 | Cochran et al. | Nov 2016 | B2 |
| 9493997 | Liu et al. | Nov 2016 | B2 |
| 9512783 | Veilleux et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
| 9534473 | Morris et al. | Jan 2017 | B2 |
| 9546652 | Yin | Jan 2017 | B2 |
| 9550501 | Ledbetter | Jan 2017 | B2 |
| 9556721 | Jang et al. | Jan 2017 | B2 |
| 9562420 | Morris et al. | Feb 2017 | B2 |
| 9570945 | Fischer | Feb 2017 | B2 |
| 9579980 | Cryer et al. | Feb 2017 | B2 |
| 9587649 | Behring | Mar 2017 | B2 |
| 9593710 | Laimboeck et al. | Mar 2017 | B2 |
| 9611728 | Oehring | Apr 2017 | B2 |
| 9617808 | Liu et al. | Apr 2017 | B2 |
| 9638101 | Crowe et al. | May 2017 | B1 |
| 9638194 | Wiegman et al. | May 2017 | B2 |
| 9650871 | Oehring et al. | May 2017 | B2 |
| 9656762 | Kamath et al. | May 2017 | B2 |
| 9689316 | Crom | Jun 2017 | B1 |
| 9695808 | Giessbach et al. | Jul 2017 | B2 |
| 9739130 | Young | Aug 2017 | B2 |
| 9764266 | Carter | Sep 2017 | B1 |
| 9777748 | Lu et al. | Oct 2017 | B2 |
| 9803467 | Tang et al. | Oct 2017 | B2 |
| 9803793 | Davi et al. | Oct 2017 | B2 |
| 9809308 | Aguilar et al. | Nov 2017 | B2 |
| 9829002 | Crom | Nov 2017 | B2 |
| 9840897 | Larson | Dec 2017 | B2 |
| 9840901 | Oering et al. | Dec 2017 | B2 |
| 9845730 | Betti et al. | Dec 2017 | B2 |
| 9850422 | Lestz et al. | Dec 2017 | B2 |
| 9856131 | Moffitt | Jan 2018 | B1 |
| 9863279 | Laing et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
| 9869305 | Crowe et al. | Jan 2018 | B1 |
| 9871406 | Churnock et al. | Jan 2018 | B1 |
| 9879609 | Crowe et al. | Jan 2018 | B1 |
| RE46725 | Case et al. | Feb 2018 | E |
| 9893500 | Oehring et al. | Feb 2018 | B2 |
| 9893660 | Peterson et al. | Feb 2018 | B2 |
| 9897003 | Motakef et al. | Feb 2018 | B2 |
| 9920615 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2018 | B2 |
| 9945365 | Hernandez et al. | Apr 2018 | B2 |
| 9964052 | Millican et al. | May 2018 | B2 |
| 9970278 | Broussard et al. | May 2018 | B2 |
| 9981840 | Shock | May 2018 | B2 |
| 9995102 | Dillie et al. | Jun 2018 | B2 |
| 9995218 | Oehring et al. | Jun 2018 | B2 |
| 10008880 | Vicknair et al. | Jun 2018 | B2 |
| 10008912 | Davey et al. | Jun 2018 | B2 |
| 10018096 | Wallimann et al. | Jul 2018 | B2 |
| 10020711 | Oehring et al. | Jul 2018 | B2 |
| 10024123 | Steffenhagen et al. | Jul 2018 | B2 |
| 10029289 | Wendorski et al. | Jul 2018 | B2 |
| 10030579 | Austin et al. | Jul 2018 | B2 |
| 10036238 | Oehring | Jul 2018 | B2 |
| 10040541 | Wilson et al. | Aug 2018 | B2 |
| 10060293 | Del Bono | Aug 2018 | B2 |
| 10060349 | Álvarez et al. | Aug 2018 | B2 |
| 10077933 | Nelson et al. | Sep 2018 | B2 |
| 10082137 | Graham et al. | Sep 2018 | B2 |
| 10094366 | Marica | Oct 2018 | B2 |
| 10100827 | Devan et al. | Oct 2018 | B2 |
| 10107084 | Coli et al. | Oct 2018 | B2 |
| 10107085 | Coli et al. | Oct 2018 | B2 |
| 10114061 | Frampton et al. | Oct 2018 | B2 |
| 10119381 | Oehring et al. | Nov 2018 | B2 |
| 10125750 | Pfaff | Nov 2018 | B2 |
| 10134257 | Zhang et al. | Nov 2018 | B2 |
| 10138098 | Sorensen et al. | Nov 2018 | B2 |
| 10151244 | Giancotti et al. | Dec 2018 | B2 |
| 10161423 | Rampen | Dec 2018 | B2 |
| 10174599 | Shampine et al. | Jan 2019 | B2 |
| 10184397 | Austin et al. | Jan 2019 | B2 |
| 10196258 | Kalala et al. | Feb 2019 | B2 |
| 10221856 | Hernandez et al. | Mar 2019 | B2 |
| 10227854 | Glass | Mar 2019 | B2 |
| 10227855 | Coli et al. | Mar 2019 | B2 |
| 10246984 | Payne et al. | Apr 2019 | B2 |
| 10247182 | Zhang et al. | Apr 2019 | B2 |
| 10253598 | Crews et al. | Apr 2019 | B2 |
| 10254732 | Oehring et al. | Apr 2019 | B2 |
| 10267439 | Pryce et al. | Apr 2019 | B2 |
| 10280724 | Hinderliter | May 2019 | B2 |
| 10287943 | Schiltz | May 2019 | B1 |
| 10288519 | De La Cruz | May 2019 | B2 |
| 10303190 | Shock | May 2019 | B2 |
| 10305350 | Johnson et al. | May 2019 | B2 |
| 10316832 | Byrne | Jun 2019 | B2 |
| 10317875 | Pandurangan et al. | Jun 2019 | B2 |
| 10329888 | Urbancic et al. | Jun 2019 | B2 |
| 10337402 | Austin et al. | Jul 2019 | B2 |
| 10358035 | Cryer | Jul 2019 | B2 |
| 10371012 | Davis et al. | Aug 2019 | B2 |
| 10374485 | Morris et al. | Aug 2019 | B2 |
| 10378326 | Morris et al. | Aug 2019 | B2 |
| 10393108 | Chong et al. | Aug 2019 | B2 |
| 10407990 | Oehring et al. | Sep 2019 | B2 |
| 10408031 | Oehring et al. | Sep 2019 | B2 |
| 10415348 | Zhang et al. | Sep 2019 | B2 |
| 10415557 | Crowe et al. | Sep 2019 | B1 |
| 10415562 | Kajita et al. | Sep 2019 | B2 |
| 10422207 | Aidagulov et al. | Sep 2019 | B2 |
| RE47695 | Case et al. | Nov 2019 | E |
| 10465689 | Crom | Nov 2019 | B2 |
| 10478753 | Elms et al. | Nov 2019 | B1 |
| 10526882 | Oehring et al. | Jan 2020 | B2 |
| 10563649 | Zhang et al. | Feb 2020 | B2 |
| 10570704 | Colvin et al. | Feb 2020 | B2 |
| 10577908 | Kisra et al. | Mar 2020 | B2 |
| 10577910 | Stephenson | Mar 2020 | B2 |
| 10584645 | Nakagawa et al. | Mar 2020 | B2 |
| 10590867 | Thomassin et al. | Mar 2020 | B2 |
| 10598258 | Oehring et al. | Mar 2020 | B2 |
| 10605060 | Chuprakov et al. | Mar 2020 | B2 |
| 10610842 | Chong | Apr 2020 | B2 |
| 10662749 | Hill et al. | May 2020 | B1 |
| 10677961 | Chen et al. | Jun 2020 | B1 |
| 10711787 | Darley | Jul 2020 | B1 |
| 10738580 | Fischer et al. | Aug 2020 | B1 |
| 10753153 | Fischer et al. | Aug 2020 | B1 |
| 10753165 | Fischer et al. | Aug 2020 | B1 |
| 10760416 | Weng et al. | Sep 2020 | B2 |
| 10760556 | Crom et al. | Sep 2020 | B1 |
| 10794165 | Fischer et al. | Oct 2020 | B2 |
| 10794166 | Reckels et al. | Oct 2020 | B2 |
| 10801311 | Cui et al. | Oct 2020 | B1 |
| 10815764 | Yeung et al. | Oct 2020 | B1 |
| 10815978 | Glass | Oct 2020 | B2 |
| 10830032 | Zhang et al. | Nov 2020 | B1 |
| 10830225 | Repaci | Nov 2020 | B2 |
| 10851633 | Harper | Dec 2020 | B2 |
| 10859203 | Cui et al. | Dec 2020 | B1 |
| 10864487 | Han et al. | Dec 2020 | B1 |
| 10865624 | Cui et al. | Dec 2020 | B1 |
| 10865631 | Zhang et al. | Dec 2020 | B1 |
| 10870093 | Zhong et al. | Dec 2020 | B1 |
| 10871045 | Fischer et al. | Dec 2020 | B2 |
| 10900475 | Weightman et al. | Jan 2021 | B2 |
| 10907459 | Yeung et al. | Feb 2021 | B1 |
| 10914139 | Shahri et al. | Feb 2021 | B2 |
| 10920538 | Rodriguez Herrera et al. | Feb 2021 | B2 |
| 10920552 | Rodriguez Herrera et al. | Feb 2021 | B2 |
| 10927774 | Cai et al. | Feb 2021 | B2 |
| 10927802 | Oehring | Feb 2021 | B2 |
| 10954770 | Yeung et al. | Mar 2021 | B1 |
| 10954855 | Ji et al. | Mar 2021 | B1 |
| 10961614 | Yeung et al. | Mar 2021 | B1 |
| 10961908 | Yeung et al. | Mar 2021 | B1 |
| 10961912 | Yeung et al. | Mar 2021 | B1 |
| 10961914 | Yeung et al. | Mar 2021 | B1 |
| 10961993 | Ji et al. | Mar 2021 | B1 |
| 10961995 | Mayorca | Mar 2021 | B2 |
| 10892596 | Yeung et al. | Apr 2021 | B2 |
| 10968837 | Yeung et al. | Apr 2021 | B1 |
| 10982523 | Hill et al. | Apr 2021 | B1 |
| 10989019 | Cai et al. | Apr 2021 | B2 |
| 10989180 | Yeung et al. | Apr 2021 | B2 |
| 10995564 | Miller et al. | May 2021 | B2 |
| 11002189 | Yeung et al. | May 2021 | B2 |
| 11008950 | Ethier et al. | May 2021 | B2 |
| 11015423 | Yeung et al. | May 2021 | B1 |
| 11015536 | Yeung et al. | May 2021 | B2 |
| 11015594 | Yeung et al. | May 2021 | B2 |
| 11022526 | Yeung et al. | Jun 2021 | B1 |
| 11028677 | Yeung et al. | Jun 2021 | B1 |
| 11035213 | Dusterhoft et al. | Jun 2021 | B2 |
| 11035214 | Cui et al. | Jun 2021 | B2 |
| 11047379 | Li et al. | Jun 2021 | B1 |
| 10895202 | Yeung et al. | Jul 2021 | B1 |
| 11053853 | Li et al. | Jul 2021 | B2 |
| 11060455 | Yeung et al. | Jul 2021 | B1 |
| 11066915 | Yeung et al. | Jul 2021 | B1 |
| 11068455 | Shabi et al. | Jul 2021 | B2 |
| 11085281 | Yeung et al. | Aug 2021 | B1 |
| 11085282 | Mazrooee et al. | Aug 2021 | B2 |
| 11092152 | Yeung et al. | Aug 2021 | B2 |
| 11098651 | Yeung et al. | Aug 2021 | B1 |
| 11105250 | Zhang et al. | Aug 2021 | B1 |
| 11105266 | Zhou et al. | Aug 2021 | B2 |
| 11109508 | Yeung et al. | Aug 2021 | B1 |
| 11111768 | Yeung et al. | Sep 2021 | B1 |
| 11125066 | Yeung et al. | Sep 2021 | B1 |
| 11125156 | Zhang et al. | Sep 2021 | B2 |
| 11129295 | Yeung et al. | Sep 2021 | B1 |
| 11143000 | Li et al. | Oct 2021 | B2 |
| 11143005 | Dusterhoft et al. | Oct 2021 | B2 |
| 11143006 | Zhang et al. | Oct 2021 | B1 |
| 11149533 | Yeung et al. | Oct 2021 | B1 |
| 11149726 | Yeung et al. | Oct 2021 | B1 |
| 11156159 | Yeung et al. | Oct 2021 | B1 |
| 11168681 | Boguski | Nov 2021 | B2 |
| 11174716 | Yeung et al. | Nov 2021 | B1 |
| 11193360 | Yeung et al. | Dec 2021 | B1 |
| 11193361 | Yeung et al. | Dec 2021 | B1 |
| 11205880 | Yeung et al. | Dec 2021 | B1 |
| 11205881 | Yeung et al. | Dec 2021 | B2 |
| 11208879 | Yeung et al. | Dec 2021 | B1 |
| 11208953 | Yeung et al. | Dec 2021 | B1 |
| 11220895 | Yeung et al. | Jan 2022 | B1 |
| 11236739 | Yeung et al. | Feb 2022 | B2 |
| 11242737 | Zhang et al. | Feb 2022 | B2 |
| 11243509 | Cai et al. | Feb 2022 | B2 |
| 11251650 | Liu et al. | Feb 2022 | B1 |
| 11261717 | Yeung et al. | Mar 2022 | B2 |
| 11268346 | Yeung et al. | Mar 2022 | B2 |
| 11280266 | Yeung et al. | Mar 2022 | B2 |
| 11306835 | Dille et al. | Apr 2022 | B1 |
| RE49083 | Case et al. | May 2022 | E |
| 11339638 | Yeung et al. | May 2022 | B1 |
| 11346200 | Cai et al. | May 2022 | B2 |
| 11373058 | Jaaskelainen et al. | Jun 2022 | B2 |
| RE49140 | Case et al. | Jul 2022 | E |
| 11377943 | Kriebel et al. | Jul 2022 | B2 |
| RE49155 | Case et al. | Aug 2022 | E |
| RE49156 | Case et al. | Aug 2022 | E |
| 11401927 | Li et al. | Aug 2022 | B2 |
| 11428165 | Yeung et al. | Aug 2022 | B2 |
| 11441483 | Li et al. | Sep 2022 | B2 |
| 11448122 | Feng et al. | Sep 2022 | B2 |
| 11466680 | Yeung et al. | Oct 2022 | B2 |
| 11480040 | Han et al. | Oct 2022 | B2 |
| 11492887 | Cui et al. | Nov 2022 | B2 |
| 11499405 | Zhang et al. | Nov 2022 | B2 |
| 11506039 | Zhang et al. | Nov 2022 | B2 |
| 11512570 | Yeung | Nov 2022 | B2 |
| 11519395 | Zhang et al. | Dec 2022 | B2 |
| 11519405 | Deng et al. | Dec 2022 | B2 |
| 11530602 | Yeung et al. | Dec 2022 | B2 |
| 11549349 | Wang et al. | Jan 2023 | B2 |
| 11555390 | Cui et al. | Jan 2023 | B2 |
| 11555756 | Yeung et al. | Jan 2023 | B2 |
| 11557887 | Ji et al. | Jan 2023 | B2 |
| 11560779 | Mao et al. | Jan 2023 | B2 |
| 11560845 | Yeung et al. | Jan 2023 | B2 |
| 11572775 | Mao et al. | Feb 2023 | B2 |
| 11575249 | Ji et al. | Feb 2023 | B2 |
| 11592020 | Chang et al. | Feb 2023 | B2 |
| 11596047 | Liu et al. | Feb 2023 | B2 |
| 11598263 | Yeung et al. | Mar 2023 | B2 |
| 11603797 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2023 | B2 |
| 11607982 | Tian et al. | Mar 2023 | B2 |
| 11608726 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2023 | B2 |
| 11624326 | Yeung et al. | Apr 2023 | B2 |
| 11629583 | Yeung et al. | Apr 2023 | B2 |
| 11629589 | Lin et al. | Apr 2023 | B2 |
| 11649766 | Yeung et al. | May 2023 | B1 |
| 11649819 | Gillispie | May 2023 | B2 |
| 11662384 | Liu et al. | May 2023 | B2 |
| 11668173 | Zhang et al. | Jun 2023 | B2 |
| 11668289 | Chang et al. | Jun 2023 | B2 |
| 11677238 | Liu et al. | Jun 2023 | B2 |
| 20020126922 | Cheng et al. | Sep 2002 | A1 |
| 20020197176 | Kondo | Dec 2002 | A1 |
| 20030031568 | Stiefel | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030061819 | Kuroki et al. | Apr 2003 | A1 |
| 20030161212 | Neal et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20040016245 | Pierson | Jan 2004 | A1 |
| 20040074238 | Wantanabe et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040076526 | Fukano et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040187950 | Cohen et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040219040 | Kugelev et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
| 20050051322 | Speer | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050056081 | Gocho | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050139286 | Poulter | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050196298 | Manning | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050226754 | Orr et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050274134 | Ryu et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20060061091 | Osterloh | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060062914 | Garg et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060155473 | Soliman et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20060196251 | Richey | Sep 2006 | A1 |
| 20060211356 | Grassman | Sep 2006 | A1 |
| 20060228225 | Rogers | Oct 2006 | A1 |
| 20060260331 | Andreychuk | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060272333 | Sundin | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20070029090 | Andreychuk et al. | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070041848 | Wood et al. | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070066406 | Keller et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
| 20070098580 | Petersen | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070107981 | Sicotte | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070125544 | Robinson et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20070169543 | Fazekas | Jul 2007 | A1 |
| 20070181212 | Fell | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070272407 | Lehman et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20070277982 | Shampine et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
| 20070295569 | Manzoor et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
| 20080006089 | Adnan et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
| 20080041594 | Boles et al. | Feb 2008 | A1 |
| 20080098891 | Feher | May 2008 | A1 |
| 20080161974 | Alston | Jul 2008 | A1 |
| 20080212275 | Waryck et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080229757 | Alexander et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080264625 | Ochoa | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080264649 | Crawford | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080298982 | Pabst | Dec 2008 | A1 |
| 20090053072 | Borgstadt et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
| 20090064685 | Busekros et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090068031 | Gambier et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090092510 | Williams et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20090124191 | Van Becelaere et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
| 20090178412 | Spytek | Jul 2009 | A1 |
| 20090212630 | Flegel et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
| 20090249794 | Wilkes et al. | Oct 2009 | A1 |
| 20090252616 | Brunet et al. | Oct 2009 | A1 |
| 20090308602 | Bruins et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
| 20100019626 | Stout et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
| 20100071899 | Coquilleau et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
| 20100218508 | Brown et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100224365 | Abad | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100300683 | Looper et al. | Dec 2010 | A1 |
| 20100310384 | Stephenson et al. | Dec 2010 | A1 |
| 20110030963 | Demong et al. | Feb 2011 | A1 |
| 20110041681 | Duerr | Feb 2011 | A1 |
| 20110052423 | Gambier et al. | Mar 2011 | A1 |
| 20110054704 | Karpman et al. | Mar 2011 | A1 |
| 20110067857 | Underhill et al. | Mar 2011 | A1 |
| 20110085924 | Shampine et al. | Apr 2011 | A1 |
| 20110120702 | Craig | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110120705 | Walters et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110120706 | Craig | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110120718 | Craig | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110125471 | Craig et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110125476 | Craig | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110146244 | Farman et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110146246 | Farman et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110173991 | Dean | Jul 2011 | A1 |
| 20110197988 | Van Vliet et al. | Aug 2011 | A1 |
| 20110241888 | Lu et al. | Oct 2011 | A1 |
| 20110265443 | Ansari | Nov 2011 | A1 |
| 20110272158 | Neal | Nov 2011 | A1 |
| 20120023973 | Mayorca | Feb 2012 | A1 |
| 20120048242 | Sumilla et al. | Mar 2012 | A1 |
| 20120085541 | Love et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
| 20120137699 | Montagne et al. | Jun 2012 | A1 |
| 20120179444 | Ganguly et al. | Jul 2012 | A1 |
| 20120192542 | Chillar et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
| 20120199001 | Chillar et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
| 20120204627 | Anderl et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
| 20120255734 | Coli et al. | Oct 2012 | A1 |
| 20120310509 | Pardo et al. | Dec 2012 | A1 |
| 20120324903 | Dewis et al. | Dec 2012 | A1 |
| 20130068307 | Hains et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130087045 | Sullivan et al. | Apr 2013 | A1 |
| 20130087945 | Kusters et al. | Apr 2013 | A1 |
| 20130134702 | Boraas et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130140031 | Cohen et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
| 20130189915 | Hazard | Jul 2013 | A1 |
| 20130205798 | Kwok et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
| 20130233165 | Matzner et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
| 20130255953 | Tudor | Oct 2013 | A1 |
| 20130259707 | Yin | Oct 2013 | A1 |
| 20130284455 | Kajaria et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
| 20130300341 | Gillette | Nov 2013 | A1 |
| 20130306322 | Sanborn | Nov 2013 | A1 |
| 20140000668 | Lessard | Jan 2014 | A1 |
| 20140010671 | Cryer et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
| 20140013768 | Laing et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
| 20140032082 | Gehrke et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
| 20140044517 | Saha et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
| 20140048253 | Andreychuk | Feb 2014 | A1 |
| 20140090729 | Coulter et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20140090742 | Coskrey et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20140094105 | Lundh et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20140095114 | Thomeer et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20140095554 | Thomeer et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20140123621 | Driessens et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
| 20140130422 | Laing et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
| 20140138079 | Broussard et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
| 20140144641 | Chandler | May 2014 | A1 |
| 20140147291 | Burnette | May 2014 | A1 |
| 20140158345 | Jang et al. | Jun 2014 | A1 |
| 20140174097 | Hammer et al. | Jun 2014 | A1 |
| 20140196459 | Futa et al. | Jul 2014 | A1 |
| 20140216736 | Leugemors et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
| 20140219824 | Burnette | Aug 2014 | A1 |
| 20140250845 | Jackson et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20140251623 | Lestz et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20140262232 | Dusterhoft et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20140277772 | Lopez et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20140290266 | Veilleux, Jr. et al. | Oct 2014 | A1 |
| 20140318638 | Harwood et al. | Oct 2014 | A1 |
| 20140322050 | Marette et al. | Oct 2014 | A1 |
| 20150027730 | Hall et al. | Jan 2015 | A1 |
| 20150075778 | Walters et al. | Mar 2015 | A1 |
| 20150078924 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2015 | A1 |
| 20150096739 | Ghasripoor et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
| 20150101344 | Jarrier et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
| 20150114652 | Lestz et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
| 20150129210 | Chong et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
| 20150135659 | Jarrier et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
| 20150159553 | Kippel et al. | Jun 2015 | A1 |
| 20150176387 | Wutherich | Jun 2015 | A1 |
| 20150192117 | Bridges | Jul 2015 | A1 |
| 20150204148 | Liu et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
| 20150204174 | Kresse et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
| 20150204322 | Iund et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
| 20150211512 | Wiegman et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
| 20150214816 | Raad | Jul 2015 | A1 |
| 20150217672 | Shampine et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
| 20150226140 | Zhang et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
| 20150252661 | Glass | Sep 2015 | A1 |
| 20150275891 | Chong et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
| 20150337730 | Kupiszewski et al. | Nov 2015 | A1 |
| 20150340864 | Compton | Nov 2015 | A1 |
| 20150345385 | Santini | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20150369351 | Hermann et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20160032703 | Broussard et al. | Feb 2016 | A1 |
| 20160032836 | Hawkinson et al. | Feb 2016 | A1 |
| 20160076447 | Merlo et al. | Mar 2016 | A1 |
| 20160090823 | Alzahabi et al. | Mar 2016 | A1 |
| 20160102581 | Del Bono | Apr 2016 | A1 |
| 20160105022 | Oehring et al. | Apr 2016 | A1 |
| 20160108705 | Maxwell et al. | Apr 2016 | A1 |
| 20160108713 | Dunaeva et al. | Apr 2016 | A1 |
| 20160123185 | Le Pache et al. | May 2016 | A1 |
| 20160168979 | Zhang et al. | Jun 2016 | A1 |
| 20160177675 | Morris et al. | Jun 2016 | A1 |
| 20160177945 | Byrne et al. | Jun 2016 | A1 |
| 20160186671 | Austin et al. | Jun 2016 | A1 |
| 20160195082 | Wiegman et al. | Jul 2016 | A1 |
| 20160215774 | Oklejas et al. | Jul 2016 | A1 |
| 20160230525 | Lestz et al. | Aug 2016 | A1 |
| 20160244314 | Van Vliet et al. | Aug 2016 | A1 |
| 20160248230 | Tawy et al. | Aug 2016 | A1 |
| 20160253634 | Thomeer et al. | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160258267 | Payne et al. | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160265330 | Mazrooee et al. | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160265331 | Weng et al. | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160273328 | Oehring | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160273346 | Tang et al. | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160290114 | Oehring et al. | Oct 2016 | A1 |
| 20160319650 | Oehring et al. | Nov 2016 | A1 |
| 20160326845 | Djikpesse et al. | Nov 2016 | A1 |
| 20160348479 | Oehring et al. | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20160369609 | Morris et al. | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20170009905 | Arnold | Jan 2017 | A1 |
| 20170016433 | Chong et al. | Jan 2017 | A1 |
| 20170030177 | Oehring et al. | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170038137 | Turney | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170045055 | Hoefel et al. | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170051598 | Ouenes | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170052087 | Faqihi et al. | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170074074 | Joseph et al. | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170074076 | Joseph et al. | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170074089 | Agarwal et al. | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170082110 | Lammers | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170089189 | Norris et al. | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170114613 | Lecerf et al. | Apr 2017 | A1 |
| 20170114625 | Norris et al. | Apr 2017 | A1 |
| 20170122310 | Ladron de Guevara | May 2017 | A1 |
| 20170131174 | Enev et al. | May 2017 | A1 |
| 20170145918 | Oehring et al. | May 2017 | A1 |
| 20170177992 | Klie | Jun 2017 | A1 |
| 20170191350 | Johns et al. | Jul 2017 | A1 |
| 20170218727 | Oehring et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170226839 | Broussard et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170226842 | Omont et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170226998 | Zhang et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170227002 | Mikulski et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170233103 | Teicholz et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170234165 | Kersey et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170234308 | Buckley | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170241336 | Jones et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170241671 | Ahmad | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170247995 | Crews et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170248034 | Dzieciol et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170248208 | Tamura | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170248308 | Makarychev-Mikhailov et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170254186 | Aidagulov et al. | Sep 2017 | A1 |
| 20170275149 | Schmidt | Sep 2017 | A1 |
| 20170288400 | Williams | Oct 2017 | A1 |
| 20170292409 | Aguilar et al. | Oct 2017 | A1 |
| 20170302135 | Cory | Oct 2017 | A1 |
| 20170305736 | Haile et al. | Oct 2017 | A1 |
| 20170306847 | Suciu et al. | Oct 2017 | A1 |
| 20170306936 | Dole | Oct 2017 | A1 |
| 20170322086 | Luharuka | Nov 2017 | A1 |
| 20170328179 | Dykstra et al. | Nov 2017 | A1 |
| 20170333086 | Jackson | Nov 2017 | A1 |
| 20170334448 | Schwunk | Nov 2017 | A1 |
| 20170335842 | Robinson et al. | Nov 2017 | A1 |
| 20170350471 | Steidl et al. | Dec 2017 | A1 |
| 20170356470 | Jaffrey | Dec 2017 | A1 |
| 20170370199 | Witkowski et al. | Dec 2017 | A1 |
| 20170370480 | Witkowski et al. | Dec 2017 | A1 |
| 20180016895 | Weng et al. | Jan 2018 | A1 |
| 20180034280 | Pedersen | Feb 2018 | A1 |
| 20180038328 | Louven et al. | Feb 2018 | A1 |
| 20180041093 | Miranda | Feb 2018 | A1 |
| 20180045202 | Crom | Feb 2018 | A1 |
| 20180038216 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2018 | A1 |
| 20180058171 | Roesner et al. | Mar 2018 | A1 |
| 20180087499 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2018 | A1 |
| 20180087996 | De La Cruz | Mar 2018 | A1 |
| 20180149000 | Roussel et al. | May 2018 | A1 |
| 20180156210 | Oehring et al. | Jun 2018 | A1 |
| 20180172294 | Owen | Jun 2018 | A1 |
| 20180183219 | Oehring et al. | Jun 2018 | A1 |
| 20180186442 | Maier | Jul 2018 | A1 |
| 20180187662 | Hill et al. | Jul 2018 | A1 |
| 20180209415 | Zhang et al. | Jul 2018 | A1 |
| 20180223640 | Keihany et al. | Aug 2018 | A1 |
| 20180224044 | Penney | Aug 2018 | A1 |
| 20180229998 | Shock | Aug 2018 | A1 |
| 20180230780 | Klenner et al. | Aug 2018 | A1 |
| 20180258746 | Broussard et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
| 20180266412 | Stokkevag et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
| 20180278124 | Oehring et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
| 20180283102 | Cook | Oct 2018 | A1 |
| 20180283618 | Cook | Oct 2018 | A1 |
| 20180284817 | Cook et al. | Oct 2018 | A1 |
| 20180290877 | Shock | Oct 2018 | A1 |
| 20180291781 | Pedrini | Oct 2018 | A1 |
| 20180298731 | Bishop | Oct 2018 | A1 |
| 20180298735 | Conrad | Oct 2018 | A1 |
| 20180307255 | Bishop | Oct 2018 | A1 |
| 20180313456 | Bayyouk et al. | Nov 2018 | A1 |
| 20180328157 | Bishop | Nov 2018 | A1 |
| 20180334893 | Oehring | Nov 2018 | A1 |
| 20180363435 | Coli et al. | Dec 2018 | A1 |
| 20180363436 | Coli et al. | Dec 2018 | A1 |
| 20180363437 | Coli et al. | Dec 2018 | A1 |
| 20180363438 | Coli et al. | Dec 2018 | A1 |
| 20190003272 | Morris et al. | Jan 2019 | A1 |
| 20190003329 | Morris et al. | Jan 2019 | A1 |
| 20190010793 | Hinderliter | Jan 2019 | A1 |
| 20190011051 | Yeung | Jan 2019 | A1 |
| 20190048993 | Akiyama et al. | Feb 2019 | A1 |
| 20190055836 | Felkl et al. | Feb 2019 | A1 |
| 20190063263 | Davis et al. | Feb 2019 | A1 |
| 20190063341 | Davis | Feb 2019 | A1 |
| 20190067991 | Davis et al. | Feb 2019 | A1 |
| 20190071946 | Painter et al. | Mar 2019 | A1 |
| 20190071992 | Feng | Mar 2019 | A1 |
| 20190072005 | Fisher et al. | Mar 2019 | A1 |
| 20190078471 | Braglia et al. | Mar 2019 | A1 |
| 20190088845 | Sugi et al. | Mar 2019 | A1 |
| 20190091619 | Huang | Mar 2019 | A1 |
| 20190106316 | Van Vliet et al. | Apr 2019 | A1 |
| 20190106970 | Oehring | Apr 2019 | A1 |
| 20190112908 | Coli et al. | Apr 2019 | A1 |
| 20190112910 | Oehring et al. | Apr 2019 | A1 |
| 20190119096 | Haile et al. | Apr 2019 | A1 |
| 20190120024 | Oehring et al. | Apr 2019 | A1 |
| 20190120031 | Gilje | Apr 2019 | A1 |
| 20190120134 | Goleczka et al. | Apr 2019 | A1 |
| 20190128247 | Douglas, III | May 2019 | A1 |
| 20190128288 | Konada et al. | May 2019 | A1 |
| 20190131607 | Gillette | May 2019 | A1 |
| 20190136677 | Shampine et al. | May 2019 | A1 |
| 20190153843 | Headrick | May 2019 | A1 |
| 20190153938 | Hammoud | May 2019 | A1 |
| 20190154020 | Glass | May 2019 | A1 |
| 20190155318 | Meunier | May 2019 | A1 |
| 20190264667 | Byrne | May 2019 | A1 |
| 20190169962 | Agrawi et al. | Jun 2019 | A1 |
| 20190178234 | Beisel | Jun 2019 | A1 |
| 20190178235 | Coskrey et al. | Jun 2019 | A1 |
| 20190185312 | Bush et al. | Jun 2019 | A1 |
| 20190203572 | Morris et al. | Jul 2019 | A1 |
| 20190204021 | Morris et al. | Jul 2019 | A1 |
| 20190211661 | Reckles et al. | Jul 2019 | A1 |
| 20190211814 | Weightman et al. | Jul 2019 | A1 |
| 20190217258 | Bishop | Jul 2019 | A1 |
| 20190226317 | Payne et al. | Jul 2019 | A1 |
| 20190245348 | Hinderliter et al. | Aug 2019 | A1 |
| 20190249652 | Stephenson et al. | Aug 2019 | A1 |
| 20190249754 | Oehring et al. | Aug 2019 | A1 |
| 20190257297 | Botting et al. | Aug 2019 | A1 |
| 20190277279 | Byrne et al. | Sep 2019 | A1 |
| 20190277295 | Clyburn et al. | Sep 2019 | A1 |
| 20190309585 | Miller et al. | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20190316447 | Oehring et al. | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20190316456 | Beisel et al. | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20190323337 | Glass et al. | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20190330923 | Gable et al. | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20190331117 | Gable et al. | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20190337392 | Joshi et al. | Nov 2019 | A1 |
| 20190338762 | Curry et al. | Nov 2019 | A1 |
| 20190345920 | Surjaatmadja et al. | Nov 2019 | A1 |
| 20190353103 | Roberge | Nov 2019 | A1 |
| 20190356199 | Morris et al. | Nov 2019 | A1 |
| 20190376449 | Carrell | Dec 2019 | A1 |
| 20190383123 | Hinderliter | Dec 2019 | A1 |
| 20200003205 | Stokkevåg et al. | Jan 2020 | A1 |
| 20200011165 | George et al. | Jan 2020 | A1 |
| 20200040878 | Morris | Feb 2020 | A1 |
| 20200049136 | Stephenson | Feb 2020 | A1 |
| 20200049153 | Headrick et al. | Feb 2020 | A1 |
| 20200071998 | Oehring et al. | Mar 2020 | A1 |
| 20200072201 | Marica | Mar 2020 | A1 |
| 20200088202 | Sigmar et al. | Mar 2020 | A1 |
| 20200095854 | Hinderliter | Mar 2020 | A1 |
| 20200109610 | Husoy et al. | Apr 2020 | A1 |
| 20200109616 | Oehring et al. | Apr 2020 | A1 |
| 20200132058 | Mollatt | Apr 2020 | A1 |
| 20200141219 | Oehring et al. | May 2020 | A1 |
| 20200141326 | Redford et al. | May 2020 | A1 |
| 20200141907 | Meck et al. | May 2020 | A1 |
| 20200166026 | Marica | May 2020 | A1 |
| 20200206704 | Chong | Jul 2020 | A1 |
| 20200208733 | Kim | Jul 2020 | A1 |
| 20200223648 | Herman et al. | Jul 2020 | A1 |
| 20200224645 | Buckley | Jul 2020 | A1 |
| 20200225381 | Walles et al. | Jul 2020 | A1 |
| 20200232454 | Chretien et al. | Jul 2020 | A1 |
| 20200256333 | Surjaatmadja | Aug 2020 | A1 |
| 20200263498 | Fischer et al. | Aug 2020 | A1 |
| 20200263525 | Reid | Aug 2020 | A1 |
| 20200263526 | Fischer et al. | Aug 2020 | A1 |
| 20200263527 | Fischer et al. | Aug 2020 | A1 |
| 20200263528 | Fischer et al. | Aug 2020 | A1 |
| 20200267888 | Putz | Aug 2020 | A1 |
| 20200291731 | Haiderer et al. | Sep 2020 | A1 |
| 20200295574 | Batsch-Smith | Sep 2020 | A1 |
| 20200300050 | Oehring et al. | Sep 2020 | A1 |
| 20200309027 | Rytkonen | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200309113 | Hunter et al. | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200325752 | Clark et al. | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200325760 | Markham | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200325761 | Williams | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200325791 | Himmelmann | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200325893 | Kraige et al. | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200332784 | Zhang et al. | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200332788 | Cui et al. | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200340313 | Fischer et al. | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200340340 | Oehring et al. | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200340344 | Reckels et al. | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200340404 | Stockstill | Oct 2020 | A1 |
| 20200347725 | Morris et al. | Nov 2020 | A1 |
| 20200354928 | Wehler et al. | Nov 2020 | A1 |
| 20200355055 | Dusterhoft et al. | Nov 2020 | A1 |
| 20200362760 | Morenko et al. | Nov 2020 | A1 |
| 20200362764 | Saintignan et al. | Nov 2020 | A1 |
| 20200370394 | Cai et al. | Nov 2020 | A1 |
| 20200370408 | Cai et al. | Nov 2020 | A1 |
| 20200370429 | Cai et al. | Nov 2020 | A1 |
| 20200371490 | Cai et al. | Nov 2020 | A1 |
| 20200340322 | Sizemore et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200386169 | Hinderliter et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200386222 | Pham et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200388140 | Gomez et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200392826 | Cui et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200392827 | George et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200393088 | Sizemore et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200398238 | Zhong et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200400000 | Ghasripoor et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200400005 | Han et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200407625 | Stephenson | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200408071 | Li et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200408144 | Feng et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200408147 | Zhang et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20200408149 | Li et al. | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20210010361 | Kriebel et al. | Jan 2021 | A1 |
| 20210010362 | Kriebel et al. | Jan 2021 | A1 |
| 20210025324 | Morris et al. | Jan 2021 | A1 |
| 20210025383 | Bodishbaugh et al. | Jan 2021 | A1 |
| 20210032961 | Hinderliter et al. | Feb 2021 | A1 |
| 20210054727 | Floyd | Feb 2021 | A1 |
| 20210071503 | Ogg et al. | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210071574 | Feng et al. | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210071579 | Li et al. | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210071654 | Brunson | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210071752 | Cui et al. | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210079758 | Yeung et al. | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210079851 | Yeung et al. | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210086851 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210087883 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210087916 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210087925 | Heidari et al. | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210087943 | Cui et al. | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210088042 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2021 | A1 |
| 20210123425 | Cui et al. | Apr 2021 | A1 |
| 20210123434 | Cui et al. | Apr 2021 | A1 |
| 20210123435 | Cui et al. | Apr 2021 | A1 |
| 20210131409 | Cui et al. | May 2021 | A1 |
| 20210140416 | Buckley | May 2021 | A1 |
| 20210148208 | Thomas et al. | May 2021 | A1 |
| 20210156240 | Cicci et al. | May 2021 | A1 |
| 20210156241 | Cook | May 2021 | A1 |
| 20210172282 | Wang et al. | Jun 2021 | A1 |
| 20210180517 | Zhou et al. | Jun 2021 | A1 |
| 20210190045 | Zhang et al. | Jun 2021 | A1 |
| 20210199110 | Albert et al. | Jul 2021 | A1 |
| 20210222690 | Beisel | Jul 2021 | A1 |
| 20210239112 | Buckley | Aug 2021 | A1 |
| 20210246774 | Cui et al. | Aug 2021 | A1 |
| 20210270261 | Zhang et al. | Sep 2021 | A1 |
| 20210270264 | Byrne | Sep 2021 | A1 |
| 20210285311 | Ji et al. | Sep 2021 | A1 |
| 20210285432 | Ji et al. | Sep 2021 | A1 |
| 20210301807 | Cui et al. | Sep 2021 | A1 |
| 20210306720 | Sandoval et al. | Sep 2021 | A1 |
| 20210308638 | Zhong et al. | Oct 2021 | A1 |
| 20210324718 | Anders | Oct 2021 | A1 |
| 20210348475 | Yeung et al. | Nov 2021 | A1 |
| 20210348476 | Yeung et al. | Nov 2021 | A1 |
| 20210348477 | Yeung et al. | Nov 2021 | A1 |
| 20210355927 | Jian et al. | Nov 2021 | A1 |
| 20210372394 | Bagulayan et al. | Dec 2021 | A1 |
| 20210372395 | Li et al. | Dec 2021 | A1 |
| 20210376413 | Asfha | Dec 2021 | A1 |
| 20210388760 | Feng et al. | Dec 2021 | A1 |
| 20220082007 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2022 | A1 |
| 20220090476 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2022 | A1 |
| 20220090477 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2022 | A1 |
| 20220090478 | Zhang et al. | Mar 2022 | A1 |
| 20220112892 | Cui et al. | Apr 2022 | A1 |
| 20220120262 | Ji et al. | Apr 2022 | A1 |
| 20220145740 | Yuan et al. | May 2022 | A1 |
| 20220154775 | Liu et al. | May 2022 | A1 |
| 20220155373 | Liu et al. | May 2022 | A1 |
| 20220162931 | Zhong et al. | May 2022 | A1 |
| 20220162991 | Zhang et al. | May 2022 | A1 |
| 20220181859 | Ji et al. | Jun 2022 | A1 |
| 20220186724 | Chang et al. | Jun 2022 | A1 |
| 20220213777 | Cui et al. | Jul 2022 | A1 |
| 20220220836 | Zhang et al. | Jul 2022 | A1 |
| 20220224087 | Ji et al. | Jul 2022 | A1 |
| 20220228468 | Cui et al. | Jul 2022 | A1 |
| 20220228469 | Zhang et al. | Jul 2022 | A1 |
| 20220235639 | Zhang et al. | Jul 2022 | A1 |
| 20220235640 | Mao et al. | Jul 2022 | A1 |
| 20220235641 | Zhang et al. | Jul 2022 | A1 |
| 20220235642 | Zhang et al. | Jul 2022 | A1 |
| 20220235802 | Jiang et al. | Jul 2022 | A1 |
| 20220242297 | Tian et al. | Aug 2022 | A1 |
| 20220243613 | Ji et al. | Aug 2022 | A1 |
| 20220243724 | Li et al. | Aug 2022 | A1 |
| 20220250000 | Zhang et al. | Aug 2022 | A1 |
| 20220255319 | Liu et al. | Aug 2022 | A1 |
| 20220258659 | Cui et al. | Aug 2022 | A1 |
| 20220259947 | Li et al. | Aug 2022 | A1 |
| 20220259964 | Zhang et al. | Aug 2022 | A1 |
| 20220268201 | Feng et al. | Aug 2022 | A1 |
| 20220282606 | Zhong et al. | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| 20220282726 | Zhang et al. | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| 20220290549 | Zhang et al. | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| 20220294194 | Cao et al. | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| 20220298906 | Zhong et al. | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| 20220307359 | Liu et al. | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| 20220307424 | Wang et al. | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| 20220314248 | Ge et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220315347 | Liu et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220316306 | Liu et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220316362 | Zhang et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220316461 | Wang et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220325608 | Zhang et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220330411 | Liu et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220333471 | Zhong et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220339646 | Yu et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220341358 | Ji et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220341362 | Feng et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220341415 | Deng et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220345007 | Liu et al. | Oct 2022 | A1 |
| 20220349345 | Zhang et al. | Nov 2022 | A1 |
| 20220353980 | Liu et al. | Nov 2022 | A1 |
| 20220361309 | Liu et al. | Nov 2022 | A1 |
| 20220364452 | Wang et al. | Nov 2022 | A1 |
| 20220364453 | Chang et al. | Nov 2022 | A1 |
| 20220372865 | Lin et al. | Nov 2022 | A1 |
| 20220376280 | Shao et al. | Nov 2022 | A1 |
| 20220381126 | Cui et al. | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220389799 | Mao | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220389803 | Zhang et al. | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220389804 | Cui et al. | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220389865 | Feng et al. | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220389867 | Li et al. | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220412196 | Cui et al. | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220412199 | Mao et al. | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220412200 | Zhang et al. | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220412258 | Li et al. | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20220412379 | Wang et al. | Dec 2022 | A1 |
| 20230001524 | Jiang et al. | Jan 2023 | A1 |
| 20230003238 | Du et al. | Jan 2023 | A1 |
| 20230015132 | Feng et al. | Jan 2023 | A1 |
| 20230015529 | Zhang et al. | Jan 2023 | A1 |
| 20230015581 | Ji et al. | Jan 2023 | A1 |
| 20230017968 | Deng et al. | Jan 2023 | A1 |
| 20230029574 | Zhang et al. | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230029671 | Han et al. | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230036118 | Xing et al. | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230040970 | Liu et al. | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230042379 | Zhang et al. | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230047033 | Fu et al. | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230048551 | Feng et al. | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230049462 | Zhang et al. | Feb 2023 | A1 |
| 20230064964 | Wang et al. | Mar 2023 | A1 |
| 20230074794 | Liu et al. | Mar 2023 | A1 |
| 20230085124 | Zhong et al. | Mar 2023 | A1 |
| 20230092506 | Zhong et al. | Mar 2023 | A1 |
| 20230092705 | Liu et al. | Mar 2023 | A1 |
| 20230106683 | Zhang et al. | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230107300 | Huang et al. | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230107791 | Zhang et al. | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230109018 | Du et al. | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230116458 | Liu et al. | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230117362 | Zhang et al. | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230119725 | Wang et al. | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230119876 | Mao et al. | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230119896 | Zhang et al. | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230120810 | Fu et al. | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230121251 | Cui et al. | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230124444 | Chang et al. | Apr 2023 | A1 |
| 20230138582 | Li et al. | May 2023 | A1 |
| 20230144116 | Li et al. | May 2023 | A1 |
| 20230145963 | Zhang et al. | May 2023 | A1 |
| 20230151722 | Cui et al. | May 2023 | A1 |
| 20230151723 | Ji et al. | May 2023 | A1 |
| 20230152793 | Wang et al. | May 2023 | A1 |
| 20230160289 | Cui et al. | May 2023 | A1 |
| 20230160510 | Bao et al. | May 2023 | A1 |
| 20230163580 | Ji et al. | May 2023 | A1 |
| 20230167776 | Cui et al. | Jun 2023 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 9609498 | Jul 1999 | AU |
| 737970 | Sep 2001 | AU |
| 2043184 | Aug 1994 | CA |
| 2829762 | Sep 2012 | CA |
| 2737321 | Sep 2013 | CA |
| 2876687 | May 2014 | CA |
| 2693567 | Sep 2014 | CA |
| 2964597 | Oct 2017 | CA |
| 2876687 | Apr 2019 | CA |
| 3138533 | Nov 2020 | CA |
| 2919175 | Mar 2021 | CA |
| 2622404 | Jun 2004 | CN |
| 2779054 | May 2006 | CN |
| 2890325 | Apr 2007 | CN |
| 200964929 | Oct 2007 | CN |
| 101323151 | Dec 2008 | CN |
| 201190660 | Feb 2009 | CN |
| 201190892 | Feb 2009 | CN |
| 201190893 | Feb 2009 | CN |
| 101414171 | Apr 2009 | CN |
| 201215073 | Apr 2009 | CN |
| 201236650 | May 2009 | CN |
| 201275542 | Jul 2009 | CN |
| 201275801 | Jul 2009 | CN |
| 201333385 | Oct 2009 | CN |
| 201443300 | Apr 2010 | CN |
| 201496415 | Jun 2010 | CN |
| 201501365 | Jun 2010 | CN |
| 201507271 | Jun 2010 | CN |
| 101323151 | Jul 2010 | CN |
| 201560210 | Aug 2010 | CN |
| 201581862 | Sep 2010 | CN |
| 201610728 | Oct 2010 | CN |
| 201610751 | Oct 2010 | CN |
| 201618530 | Nov 2010 | CN |
| 201661255 | Dec 2010 | CN |
| 101949382 | Jan 2011 | CN |
| 201756927 | Mar 2011 | CN |
| 101414171 | May 2011 | CN |
| 102128011 | Jul 2011 | CN |
| 102140898 | Aug 2011 | CN |
| 102155172 | Aug 2011 | CN |
| 102182904 | Sep 2011 | CN |
| 202000930 | Oct 2011 | CN |
| 202055781 | Nov 2011 | CN |
| 202082265 | Dec 2011 | CN |
| 202100216 | Jan 2012 | CN |
| 202100217 | Jan 2012 | CN |
| 202100815 | Jan 2012 | CN |
| 202124340 | Jan 2012 | CN |
| 202140051 | Feb 2012 | CN |
| 202140080 | Feb 2012 | CN |
| 202144789 | Feb 2012 | CN |
| 202144943 | Feb 2012 | CN |
| 202149354 | Feb 2012 | CN |
| 102383748 | Mar 2012 | CN |
| 202156297 | Mar 2012 | CN |
| 202158355 | Mar 2012 | CN |
| 202163504 | Mar 2012 | CN |
| 202165236 | Mar 2012 | CN |
| 202180866 | Apr 2012 | CN |
| 202181875 | Apr 2012 | CN |
| 202187744 | Apr 2012 | CN |
| 202191854 | Apr 2012 | CN |
| 202250008 | May 2012 | CN |
| 101885307 | Jul 2012 | CN |
| 102562020 | Jul 2012 | CN |
| 202326156 | Jul 2012 | CN |
| 202370773 | Aug 2012 | CN |
| 202417397 | Sep 2012 | CN |
| 202417461 | Sep 2012 | CN |
| 102729335 | Oct 2012 | CN |
| 202463955 | Oct 2012 | CN |
| 202463957 | Oct 2012 | CN |
| 202467739 | Oct 2012 | CN |
| 202467801 | Oct 2012 | CN |
| 202531016 | Nov 2012 | CN |
| 202544794 | Nov 2012 | CN |
| 102825039 | Dec 2012 | CN |
| 202578592 | Dec 2012 | CN |
| 202579164 | Dec 2012 | CN |
| 202594808 | Dec 2012 | CN |
| 202594928 | Dec 2012 | CN |
| 202596615 | Dec 2012 | CN |
| 202596616 | Dec 2012 | CN |
| 102849880 | Jan 2013 | CN |
| 102889191 | Jan 2013 | CN |
| 202641535 | Jan 2013 | CN |
| 202645475 | Jan 2013 | CN |
| 202666716 | Jan 2013 | CN |
| 202669645 | Jan 2013 | CN |
| 202669944 | Jan 2013 | CN |
| 202671336 | Jan 2013 | CN |
| 202673269 | Jan 2013 | CN |
| 202751982 | Feb 2013 | CN |
| 102963629 | Mar 2013 | CN |
| 202767964 | Mar 2013 | CN |
| 202789791 | Mar 2013 | CN |
| 202789792 | Mar 2013 | CN |
| 202810717 | Mar 2013 | CN |
| 202827276 | Mar 2013 | CN |
| 202833093 | Mar 2013 | CN |
| 202833370 | Mar 2013 | CN |
| 102140898 | Apr 2013 | CN |
| 202895467 | Apr 2013 | CN |
| 202926404 | May 2013 | CN |
| 202935216 | May 2013 | CN |
| 202935798 | May 2013 | CN |
| 202935816 | May 2013 | CN |
| 202970631 | Jun 2013 | CN |
| 103223315 | Jul 2013 | CN |
| 203050598 | Jul 2013 | CN |
| 103233714 | Aug 2013 | CN |
| 103233715 | Aug 2013 | CN |
| 103245523 | Aug 2013 | CN |
| 103247220 | Aug 2013 | CN |
| 103253839 | Aug 2013 | CN |
| 103277290 | Sep 2013 | CN |
| 103321782 | Sep 2013 | CN |
| 203170270 | Sep 2013 | CN |
| 203172509 | Sep 2013 | CN |
| 203175778 | Sep 2013 | CN |
| 203175787 | Sep 2013 | CN |
| 102849880 | Oct 2013 | CN |
| 203241231 | Oct 2013 | CN |
| 203244941 | Oct 2013 | CN |
| 203244942 | Oct 2013 | CN |
| 203303798 | Nov 2013 | CN |
| 102155172 | Dec 2013 | CN |
| 102729335 | Dec 2013 | CN |
| 103420532 | Dec 2013 | CN |
| 203321792 | Dec 2013 | CN |
| 203412658 | Jan 2014 | CN |
| 203420697 | Feb 2014 | CN |
| 203480755 | Mar 2014 | CN |
| 103711437 | Apr 2014 | CN |
| 203531815 | Apr 2014 | CN |
| 203531871 | Apr 2014 | CN |
| 203531883 | Apr 2014 | CN |
| 203556164 | Apr 2014 | CN |
| 203558809 | Apr 2014 | CN |
| 203559861 | Apr 2014 | CN |
| 203559893 | Apr 2014 | CN |
| 203560189 | Apr 2014 | CN |
| 102704870 | May 2014 | CN |
| 203611843 | May 2014 | CN |
| 203612531 | May 2014 | CN |
| 203612843 | May 2014 | CN |
| 203614062 | May 2014 | CN |
| 203614388 | May 2014 | CN |
| 203621045 | Jun 2014 | CN |
| 203621046 | Jun 2014 | CN |
| 203621051 | Jun 2014 | CN |
| 203640993 | Jun 2014 | CN |
| 203655221 | Jun 2014 | CN |
| 103899280 | Jul 2014 | CN |
| 103923670 | Jul 2014 | CN |
| 203685052 | Jul 2014 | CN |
| 203716936 | Jul 2014 | CN |
| 103990410 | Aug 2014 | CN |
| 103993869 | Aug 2014 | CN |
| 203754009 | Aug 2014 | CN |
| 203754025 | Aug 2014 | CN |
| 203754341 | Aug 2014 | CN |
| 203756614 | Aug 2014 | CN |
| 203770264 | Aug 2014 | CN |
| 203784519 | Aug 2014 | CN |
| 203784520 | Aug 2014 | CN |
| 104057864 | Sep 2014 | CN |
| 203819819 | Sep 2014 | CN |
| 203823431 | Sep 2014 | CN |
| 203835337 | Sep 2014 | CN |
| 104074500 | Oct 2014 | CN |
| 203876633 | Oct 2014 | CN |
| 203876636 | Oct 2014 | CN |
| 203877364 | Oct 2014 | CN |
| 203877365 | Oct 2014 | CN |
| 203877375 | Oct 2014 | CN |
| 203877424 | Oct 2014 | CN |
| 203879476 | Oct 2014 | CN |
| 203879479 | Oct 2014 | CN |
| 203890292 | Oct 2014 | CN |
| 203899476 | Oct 2014 | CN |
| 203906206 | Oct 2014 | CN |
| 104150728 | Nov 2014 | CN |
| 104176522 | Dec 2014 | CN |
| 104196464 | Dec 2014 | CN |
| 104234651 | Dec 2014 | CN |
| 203971841 | Dec 2014 | CN |
| 203975450 | Dec 2014 | CN |
| 204020788 | Dec 2014 | CN |
| 204021980 | Dec 2014 | CN |
| 204024625 | Dec 2014 | CN |
| 204051401 | Dec 2014 | CN |
| 204060661 | Dec 2014 | CN |
| 104260672 | Jan 2015 | CN |
| 104314512 | Jan 2015 | CN |
| 204077478 | Jan 2015 | CN |
| 204077526 | Jan 2015 | CN |
| 204078307 | Jan 2015 | CN |
| 204083051 | Jan 2015 | CN |
| 204113168 | Jan 2015 | CN |
| 104340682 | Feb 2015 | CN |
| 104358536 | Feb 2015 | CN |
| 104369687 | Feb 2015 | CN |
| 104402178 | Mar 2015 | CN |
| 104402185 | Mar 2015 | CN |
| 104402186 | Mar 2015 | CN |
| 204209819 | Mar 2015 | CN |
| 204224560 | Mar 2015 | CN |
| 204225813 | Mar 2015 | CN |
| 204225839 | Mar 2015 | CN |
| 104533392 | Apr 2015 | CN |
| 104563938 | Apr 2015 | CN |
| 104563994 | Apr 2015 | CN |
| 104563995 | Apr 2015 | CN |
| 104563998 | Apr 2015 | CN |
| 104564033 | Apr 2015 | CN |
| 204257122 | Apr 2015 | CN |
| 204283610 | Apr 2015 | CN |
| 204283782 | Apr 2015 | CN |
| 204297682 | Apr 2015 | CN |
| 204299810 | Apr 2015 | CN |
| 103223315 | May 2015 | CN |
| 104594857 | May 2015 | CN |
| 104595493 | May 2015 | CN |
| 104612647 | May 2015 | CN |
| 104612928 | May 2015 | CN |
| 104632126 | May 2015 | CN |
| 204325094 | May 2015 | CN |
| 204325098 | May 2015 | CN |
| 204326983 | May 2015 | CN |
| 204326985 | May 2015 | CN |
| 204344040 | May 2015 | CN |
| 204344095 | May 2015 | CN |
| 104727797 | Jun 2015 | CN |
| 204402414 | Jun 2015 | CN |
| 204402423 | Jun 2015 | CN |
| 204402450 | Jun 2015 | CN |
| 103247220 | Jul 2015 | CN |
| 104803568 | Jul 2015 | CN |
| 204436360 | Jul 2015 | CN |
| 204457524 | Jul 2015 | CN |
| 204472485 | Jul 2015 | CN |
| 204473625 | Jul 2015 | CN |
| 204477303 | Jul 2015 | CN |
| 204493095 | Jul 2015 | CN |
| 204493309 | Jul 2015 | CN |
| 103253839 | Aug 2015 | CN |
| 104820372 | Aug 2015 | CN |
| 104832093 | Aug 2015 | CN |
| 104863523 | Aug 2015 | CN |
| 204552723 | Aug 2015 | CN |
| 204553866 | Aug 2015 | CN |
| 204571831 | Aug 2015 | CN |
| 204703814 | Oct 2015 | CN |
| 204703833 | Oct 2015 | CN |
| 204703834 | Oct 2015 | CN |
| 105092401 | Nov 2015 | CN |
| 103233715 | Dec 2015 | CN |
| 103790927 | Dec 2015 | CN |
| 105207097 | Dec 2015 | CN |
| 204831952 | Dec 2015 | CN |
| 204899777 | Dec 2015 | CN |
| 102602323 | Jan 2016 | CN |
| 105240064 | Jan 2016 | CN |
| 204944834 | Jan 2016 | CN |
| 205042127 | Feb 2016 | CN |
| 205172478 | Apr 2016 | CN |
| 103993869 | May 2016 | CN |
| 105536299 | May 2016 | CN |
| 105545207 | May 2016 | CN |
| 205260249 | May 2016 | CN |
| 103233714 | Jun 2016 | CN |
| 104340682 | Jun 2016 | CN |
| 205297518 | Jun 2016 | CN |
| 205298447 | Jun 2016 | CN |
| 205391821 | Jul 2016 | CN |
| 205400701 | Jul 2016 | CN |
| 103277290 | Aug 2016 | CN |
| 104260672 | Aug 2016 | CN |
| 205477370 | Aug 2016 | CN |
| 205479153 | Aug 2016 | CN |
| 205503058 | Aug 2016 | CN |
| 205503068 | Aug 2016 | CN |
| 205503089 | Aug 2016 | CN |
| 105958098 | Sep 2016 | CN |
| 205599180 | Sep 2016 | CN |
| 205599180 | Sep 2016 | CN |
| 106121577 | Nov 2016 | CN |
| 205709587 | Nov 2016 | CN |
| 104612928 | Dec 2016 | CN |
| 106246120 | Dec 2016 | CN |
| 205805471 | Dec 2016 | CN |
| 106321045 | Jan 2017 | CN |
| 205858306 | Jan 2017 | CN |
| 106438310 | Feb 2017 | CN |
| 205937833 | Feb 2017 | CN |
| 104563994 | Mar 2017 | CN |
| 206129196 | Apr 2017 | CN |
| 104369687 | May 2017 | CN |
| 106715165 | May 2017 | CN |
| 106761561 | May 2017 | CN |
| 105240064 | Jun 2017 | CN |
| 206237147 | Jun 2017 | CN |
| 206287832 | Jun 2017 | CN |
| 206346711 | Jul 2017 | CN |
| 104563995 | Sep 2017 | CN |
| 107120822 | Sep 2017 | CN |
| 107143298 | Sep 2017 | CN |
| 107159046 | Sep 2017 | CN |
| 107188018 | Sep 2017 | CN |
| 206496016 | Sep 2017 | CN |
| 104564033 | Oct 2017 | CN |
| 107234358 | Oct 2017 | CN |
| 107261975 | Oct 2017 | CN |
| 206581929 | Oct 2017 | CN |
| 104820372 | Dec 2017 | CN |
| 105092401 | Dec 2017 | CN |
| 107476769 | Dec 2017 | CN |
| 107520526 | Dec 2017 | CN |
| 206754664 | Dec 2017 | CN |
| 107605427 | Jan 2018 | CN |
| 106438310 | Feb 2018 | CN |
| 107654196 | Feb 2018 | CN |
| 107656499 | Feb 2018 | CN |
| 107728657 | Feb 2018 | CN |
| 206985503 | Feb 2018 | CN |
| 207017968 | Feb 2018 | CN |
| 107859053 | Mar 2018 | CN |
| 207057867 | Mar 2018 | CN |
| 207085817 | Mar 2018 | CN |
| 105545207 | Apr 2018 | CN |
| 107883091 | Apr 2018 | CN |
| 107902427 | Apr 2018 | CN |
| 107939290 | Apr 2018 | CN |
| 107956708 | Apr 2018 | CN |
| 207169595 | Apr 2018 | CN |
| 207194873 | Apr 2018 | CN |
| 207245674 | Apr 2018 | CN |
| 108034466 | May 2018 | CN |
| 108036071 | May 2018 | CN |
| 108087050 | May 2018 | CN |
| 207380566 | May 2018 | CN |
| 108103483 | Jun 2018 | CN |
| 108179046 | Jun 2018 | CN |
| 108254276 | Jul 2018 | CN |
| 108311535 | Jul 2018 | CN |
| 207583576 | Jul 2018 | CN |
| 207634064 | Jul 2018 | CN |
| 207648054 | Jul 2018 | CN |
| 207650621 | Jul 2018 | CN |
| 108371894 | Aug 2018 | CN |
| 207777153 | Aug 2018 | CN |
| 108547601 | Sep 2018 | CN |
| 108547766 | Sep 2018 | CN |
| 108555826 | Sep 2018 | CN |
| 108561098 | Sep 2018 | CN |
| 108561750 | Sep 2018 | CN |
| 108590617 | Sep 2018 | CN |
| 207813495 | Sep 2018 | CN |
| 207814698 | Sep 2018 | CN |
| 207862275 | Sep 2018 | CN |
| 108687954 | Oct 2018 | CN |
| 207935270 | Oct 2018 | CN |
| 207961582 | Oct 2018 | CN |
| 207964530 | Oct 2018 | CN |
| 108789848 | Nov 2018 | CN |
| 108799473 | Nov 2018 | CN |
| 108868675 | Nov 2018 | CN |
| 208086829 | Nov 2018 | CN |
| 208089263 | Nov 2018 | CN |
| 208169068 | Nov 2018 | CN |
| 108979569 | Dec 2018 | CN |
| 109027662 | Dec 2018 | CN |
| 109058092 | Dec 2018 | CN |
| 208179454 | Dec 2018 | CN |
| 208179502 | Dec 2018 | CN |
| 208253147 | Dec 2018 | CN |
| 208260574 | Dec 2018 | CN |
| 109114418 | Jan 2019 | CN |
| 109141990 | Jan 2019 | CN |
| 208313120 | Jan 2019 | CN |
| 208330319 | Jan 2019 | CN |
| 208342730 | Jan 2019 | CN |
| 208430982 | Jan 2019 | CN |
| 208430986 | Jan 2019 | CN |
| 109404274 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 109429610 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 109491318 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 109515177 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 109526523 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 109534737 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 208564504 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 208564516 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 208564525 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 208564918 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 208576026 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 208576042 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 208650818 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 208669244 | Mar 2019 | CN |
| 109555484 | Apr 2019 | CN |
| 109682881 | Apr 2019 | CN |
| 208730959 | Apr 2019 | CN |
| 208735264 | Apr 2019 | CN |
| 208746733 | Apr 2019 | CN |
| 208749529 | Apr 2019 | CN |
| 208750405 | Apr 2019 | CN |
| 208764658 | Apr 2019 | CN |
| 109736740 | May 2019 | CN |
| 109751007 | May 2019 | CN |
| 208868428 | May 2019 | CN |
| 208870761 | May 2019 | CN |
| 109869294 | Jun 2019 | CN |
| 109882144 | Jun 2019 | CN |
| 109882372 | Jun 2019 | CN |
| 209012047 | Jun 2019 | CN |
| 209100025 | Jul 2019 | CN |
| 110080707 | Aug 2019 | CN |
| 110118127 | Aug 2019 | CN |
| 110124574 | Aug 2019 | CN |
| 110145277 | Aug 2019 | CN |
| 110145399 | Aug 2019 | CN |
| 110152552 | Aug 2019 | CN |
| 110155193 | Aug 2019 | CN |
| 110159225 | Aug 2019 | CN |
| 110159432 | Aug 2019 | CN |
| 110159432 | Aug 2019 | CN |
| 110159433 | Aug 2019 | CN |
| 110208100 | Sep 2019 | CN |
| 110252191 | Sep 2019 | CN |
| 110284854 | Sep 2019 | CN |
| 110284972 | Sep 2019 | CN |
| 209387358 | Sep 2019 | CN |
| 110374745 | Oct 2019 | CN |
| 209534736 | Oct 2019 | CN |
| 110425105 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110439779 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110454285 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110454352 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110467298 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110469312 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110469314 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110469405 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110469654 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110485982 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110485983 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110485984 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110486249 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110500255 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110510771 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 110513097 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 209650738 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 209653968 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 209654004 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 209654022 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 209654128 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 209656622 | Nov 2019 | CN |
| 107849130 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 108087050 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 110566173 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 110608030 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 110617187 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 110617188 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 110617318 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 209740823 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 209780827 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 209798631 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 209799942 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 209800178 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 209855723 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 209855742 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 209875063 | Dec 2019 | CN |
| 110656919 | Jan 2020 | CN |
| 107520526 | Feb 2020 | CN |
| 110787667 | Feb 2020 | CN |
| 110821464 | Feb 2020 | CN |
| 110833665 | Feb 2020 | CN |
| 110848028 | Feb 2020 | CN |
| 210049880 | Feb 2020 | CN |
| 210049882 | Feb 2020 | CN |
| 210097596 | Feb 2020 | CN |
| 210105817 | Feb 2020 | CN |
| 210105818 | Feb 2020 | CN |
| 210105993 | Feb 2020 | CN |
| 110873093 | Mar 2020 | CN |
| 210139911 | Mar 2020 | CN |
| 110947681 | Apr 2020 | CN |
| 111058810 | Apr 2020 | CN |
| 111075391 | Apr 2020 | CN |
| 210289931 | Apr 2020 | CN |
| 210289932 | Apr 2020 | CN |
| 210289933 | Apr 2020 | CN |
| 210303516 | Apr 2020 | CN |
| 211412945 | Apr 2020 | CN |
| 111089003 | May 2020 | CN |
| 111151186 | May 2020 | CN |
| 111167769 | May 2020 | CN |
| 111169833 | May 2020 | CN |
| 111173476 | May 2020 | CN |
| 111185460 | May 2020 | CN |
| 111185461 | May 2020 | CN |
| 111188763 | May 2020 | CN |
| 111206901 | May 2020 | CN |
| 111206992 | May 2020 | CN |
| 111206994 | May 2020 | CN |
| 210449044 | May 2020 | CN |
| 210460875 | May 2020 | CN |
| 210522432 | May 2020 | CN |
| 210598943 | May 2020 | CN |
| 210598945 | May 2020 | CN |
| 210598946 | May 2020 | CN |
| 210599194 | May 2020 | CN |
| 210599303 | May 2020 | CN |
| 210600110 | May 2020 | CN |
| 111219326 | Jun 2020 | CN |
| 111350595 | Jun 2020 | CN |
| 210660319 | Jun 2020 | CN |
| 210714569 | Jun 2020 | CN |
| 210769168 | Jun 2020 | CN |
| 210769169 | Jun 2020 | CN |
| 210769170 | Jun 2020 | CN |
| 210770133 | Jun 2020 | CN |
| 210825844 | Jun 2020 | CN |
| 210888904 | Jun 2020 | CN |
| 210888905 | Jun 2020 | CN |
| 210889242 | Jun 2020 | CN |
| 111397474 | Jul 2020 | CN |
| 111412064 | Jul 2020 | CN |
| 111441923 | Jul 2020 | CN |
| 111441925 | Jul 2020 | CN |
| 111503517 | Aug 2020 | CN |
| 111515898 | Aug 2020 | CN |
| 111594059 | Aug 2020 | CN |
| 111594062 | Aug 2020 | CN |
| 111594144 | Aug 2020 | CN |
| 211201919 | Aug 2020 | CN |
| 211201920 | Aug 2020 | CN |
| 211202218 | Aug 2020 | CN |
| 111608965 | Sep 2020 | CN |
| 111664087 | Sep 2020 | CN |
| 111677476 | Sep 2020 | CN |
| 111677647 | Sep 2020 | CN |
| 111692064 | Sep 2020 | CN |
| 111692065 | Sep 2020 | CN |
| 211384571 | Sep 2020 | CN |
| 211397553 | Sep 2020 | CN |
| 211397677 | Sep 2020 | CN |
| 211500955 | Sep 2020 | CN |
| 211524765 | Sep 2020 | CN |
| 4004854 | Aug 1991 | DE |
| 4241614 | Jun 1994 | DE |
| 102009022859 | Dec 2010 | DE |
| 102012018825 | Mar 2014 | DE |
| 102013111655 | Dec 2014 | DE |
| 102015103872 | Oct 2015 | DE |
| 102013114335 | Dec 2020 | DE |
| 0835983 | Apr 1998 | EP |
| 1378683 | Jan 2004 | EP |
| 2143916 | Jan 2010 | EP |
| 2613023 | Jul 2013 | EP |
| 3095989 | Nov 2016 | EP |
| 3211766 | Aug 2017 | EP |
| 3049642 | Apr 2018 | EP |
| 3354866 | Aug 2018 | EP |
| 3075946 | May 2019 | EP |
| 2795774 | Jun 1999 | FR |
| 474072 | Oct 1937 | GB |
| 1438172 | Jun 1976 | GB |
| S57135212 | Feb 1984 | JP |
| 20020026398 | Apr 2002 | KR |
| 13562 | Apr 2000 | RU |
| 1993020328 | Oct 1993 | WO |
| 2006025886 | Mar 2006 | WO |
| 2009023042 | Feb 2009 | WO |
| 2011119668 | Sep 2011 | WO |
| 20110133821 | Oct 2011 | WO |
| 2012139380 | Oct 2012 | WO |
| 2013158822 | Oct 2013 | WO |
| PCTCN2012074945 | Nov 2013 | WO |
| 2013185399 | Dec 2013 | WO |
| 2015073005 | May 2015 | WO |
| 2015158020 | Oct 2015 | WO |
| 2016014476 | Jan 2016 | WO |
| 2016033983 | Mar 2016 | WO |
| 2016078181 | May 2016 | WO |
| 2016086138 | Jun 2016 | WO |
| 2016101374 | Jun 2016 | WO |
| 2016112590 | Jul 2016 | WO |
| 2016186790 | Nov 2016 | WO |
| 2017123656 | Jul 2017 | WO |
| 2017146279 | Aug 2017 | WO |
| 2017213848 | Dec 2017 | WO |
| 2018031029 | Feb 2018 | WO |
| 2018038710 | Mar 2018 | WO |
| 2018044293 | Mar 2018 | WO |
| 2018044307 | Mar 2018 | WO |
| 2018071738 | Apr 2018 | WO |
| 2018084871 | May 2018 | WO |
| 2018101909 | Jun 2018 | WO |
| 2018101912 | Jun 2018 | WO |
| 2018106210 | Jun 2018 | WO |
| 2018106225 | Jun 2018 | WO |
| 2018106252 | Jun 2018 | WO |
| 2018132106 | Jul 2018 | WO |
| 2018125176 | Jul 2018 | WO |
| 2018152051 | Aug 2018 | WO |
| 2018156131 | Aug 2018 | WO |
| 2018160171 | Sep 2018 | WO |
| 2018075034 | Oct 2018 | WO |
| 2018187346 | Oct 2018 | WO |
| 2018031031 | Feb 2019 | WO |
| 2019045691 | Mar 2019 | WO |
| 2019046680 | Mar 2019 | WO |
| 2019060922 | Mar 2019 | WO |
| 2019117862 | Jun 2019 | WO |
| 2019126742 | Jun 2019 | WO |
| 2019147601 | Aug 2019 | WO |
| 2019169366 | Sep 2019 | WO |
| 2019195651 | Oct 2019 | WO |
| 2019200510 | Oct 2019 | WO |
| 2019210417 | Nov 2019 | WO |
| 2020018068 | Jan 2020 | WO |
| 2020046866 | Mar 2020 | WO |
| 2020072076 | Apr 2020 | WO |
| 2020076569 | Apr 2020 | WO |
| 2020097060 | May 2020 | WO |
| 2020104088 | May 2020 | WO |
| 2020131085 | Jun 2020 | WO |
| 2020211083 | Oct 2020 | WO |
| 2020211086 | Oct 2020 | WO |
| 2021038604 | Mar 2021 | WO |
| 2021038604 | Mar 2021 | WO |
| 2021041783 | Mar 2021 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| US 11,555,493 B2, 01/2023, Chang et al. (withdrawn) |
| AFGlobal Corporation, Durastim Hydraulic Fracturing Pump, A Revolutionary Design for Continuous Duty Hydraulic Fracturing, 2018. |
| Spm® QEM 5000 E-Frac Pump Specification Sheet, Weir Group (2019) (“Weir 5000”). |
| Green Field Energy Services Natural Gas Driven Turbine Frac Pumps HHP Summit Presentation, Yumpu (Sep. 2012), https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/49685291/turbine-frac-pump-assembly-hhp (“Green Field”). |
| Dowell B908 “Turbo-Jet” Operator's Manual. |
| Jereh Debut's Super-power Turbine Fracturing Pump, Leading the Industrial Revolution, Jereh Oilfield Services Group (Mar. 19, 2014), https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/jereh-debuts-super-power-turbine-fracturing-pump-leading-the-industrial-revolution-250992111.html. |
| Jereh Apollo 4500 Turbine Frac Pumper Finishes Successful Field Operation in China, Jereh Group (Feb. 13, 2015), as available on Apr. 20, 2015, https://web.archive.org/web/20150420220625/https://www. prnewswire.com/news-releases/jereh-apollo-4500-turbine-frac-pumper-finishes-successful-field-operation-in-china-300035829.html. |
| 35% Economy Increase, Dual-fuel System Highlighting Jereh Apollo Frac Pumper, Jereh Group (Apr. 13, 2015), https://www.jereh.com/en/news/press-release/news-detail-7345.htm. |
| Hydraulic Fracturing: Gas turbine proves successful in shale gas field operations, Vericor (2017), https://www.vericor.com/wp-content/ uploads/2020/02/7.-Fracing-4500hp-Pump-China-En.pdf (“Vericor Case Study”). |
| Jereh Apollo Turbine Fracturing Pumper Featured on China Central Television, Jereh Group (Mar. 9, 2018), https://www.jereh.com/en/ news/press-release/news-detail-7267.htm. |
| Jereh Unveiled New Electric Fracturing Solution at OTC 2019, Jereh Group (May 7, 2019), as available on May 28, 2019, https://web.archive.org/web/20190528183906/https://www.prnewswire .com/news-releases/jereh-unveiled-new-electric-fracturing-solution-at-otc-2019-300845028.html. |
| Jereh Group, Jereh Fracturing Unit, Fracturing Spread, YouTube (Mar. 30, 2015), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PIkDbU5dE0o. |
| Transcript of Jereh Group, Jereh Fracturing Unit, Fracturing Spread, YouTube (Mar. 30, 2015). |
| Jereh Group, Jereh Fracturing Equipment. YouTube (Jun. 8, 2015), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m0vMiq84P4Q. |
| Transcript of Jereh Group, Jereh Fracturing Equipment, YouTube (Jun. 8, 2015), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m0vMiq84P4Q. |
| Ferdinand P. Beer et al., Mechanics of Materials (6th ed. 2012). |
| Weir Oil & Gas Introduces Industry's First Continuous Duty 5000-Horsepower Pump, Weir Group (Jul. 25, 2019), https://www.global. weir/newsroom/news-articles/weir-oil-and-gas-introduces-industrys-first-continuous-duty-5000-horsepower-pump/. |
| 2012 High Horsepower Summit Agenda, Natural Gas for High Horsepower Applications (Sep. 5, 2012). |
| Review of HHP Summit 2012, Gladstein, Neandross & Associates https://www.gladstein.org/gna-conferences/high-horsepower-summit-2012/. |
| Green Field Energy Services Deploys Third New Hydraulic Fracturing System, Green Field Energy Services, Inc. (Jul. 11, 2012), https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/green-field-energy-services-deploys-third-new-hydraulic-fracturing-spread-162113425. |
| Karen Boman, Turbine Technology Powers Green Field Multi-Fuel Frack Pump, Rigzone (Mar. 7, 2015), as available on Mar. 14, 2015, https://web.archive.org/web/20150314203227/https://www.rigzone.com/news/oil-gas/a/124883/Turbine_Technology_Powers_Green_Field_MultiFuel_Frack_Pump. |
| “Turbine Frac Units,” WMD Squared (2012), https://wmdsquared.com/ work/gfes-turbine-frac-units/. |
| Leslie Turj, Green Field asset sale called ‘largest disposition industry has seen,’ The INDsider Media (Mar. 19, 2014), http://theind.com/ article-16497-green-field-asset-sale-called-%E2%80%98largest-disposition-industry-has-seen%60.html. |
| “Honghua developing new-generation shale-drilling rig, plans testing of frac pump”; Katherine Scott; Drilling Contractor; May 23, 2013; accessed at https://www.drillingcontractor.org/honghua-developing-new-generation-shale-drilling-rig-plans-testing-of-frac-pump-23278. |
| Researchgate, Answer by Byron Woolridge, found at https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_can_we_improve_the_efficiency_of_the_gas_turbine_cycles, Jan. 1, 2013. |
| Filipović, Ivan, Preliminary Selection of Basic Parameters of Different Torsional Vibration Dampers Intended for use in Medium-Speed Diesel Engines, Transactions of Famena XXXVI-3 (2012). |
| Marine Turbine Technologies, 1 MW Power Generation Package, http://marineturbine.com/power-generation, 2017. |
| Business Week: Fiber-optic cables help fracking, cablinginstall.com. Jul. 12, 2013. https://www.cablinginstall.com/cable/article/16474208/businessweek-fiberoptic-cables-help-fracking. |
| Fracking companies switch to electric motors to power pumps, iadd-intl.org. Jun. 27, 2019. https://www.iadd-intl.org/articles/fracking-companies-switch-to-electric-motors-to-power-pumps/. |
| The Leader in Frac Fueling, suncoastresources.com. Jun. 29, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150629220609/https://www.suncoastresources.com/oilfield/fueling-services/. |
| Mobile Fuel Delivery, atlasoil.com. Mar. 6, 2019. https://www.atlasoil.com/nationwide-fueling/onsite-and-mobile-fueling. |
| Frac Tank Hose (FRAC), 4starhose.com. Accessed: Nov. 10, 2019. http://www.4starhose.com/product/frac_tank_hose_frac.aspx. |
| Plos One, Dynamic Behavior of Reciprocating Plunger Pump Discharge Valve Based on Fluid Structure Interaction and Experimental Analysis. Oct. 21, 2015. |
| FMC Technologies, Operation and Maintenance Manual, L06 Through L16 Triplex Pumps Doc No. OMM50000903 Rev: E p. 1 of 66. Aug. 27, 2009. |
| Gardner Denver Hydraulic Fracturing Pumps GD 3000 https://www.gardnerdenver.com/en-us/pumps/triplex-fracking-pump-gd-3000. |
| Lekontsev, Yu M., et al. “Two-side sealer operation.” Journal of Mining Science 49.5 (2013): 757-762. |
| Tom Hausfeld, GE Power & Water, and Eldon Schelske, Evolution Well Services, TM2500+ Power for Hydraulic Fracturing. |
| FTS International's Dual Fuel Hydraulic Fracturing Equipment Increases Operational Efficiencies, Provides Cost Benefits, Jan. 3, 2018. |
| CNG Delivery, Fracturing with natural gas, dual-fuel drilling with CNG, Aug. 22, 2019. |
| PbNG, Natural Gas Fuel for Drilling and Hydraulic Fracturing, Diesel Displacement / Dual Fuel & Bi-Fuel, May 2014. |
| Integrated Flow, Skid-mounted Modular Process Systems, Jul. 15, 2017, https://ifsolutions.com/why-modular/. |
| Cameron, A Schlumberger Company, Frac Manifold Systems, 2016. |
| ZSi-Foster, Energy | Solar | Fracking | Oil and Gas, Aug. 2020, https://www.zsi-foster.com/energy-solar-fracking-oil-and-gas.html. |
| JBG Enterprises, Inc., Ws-Series Blowout Prevention Safety Coupling—Quick Release Couplings, Sep. 11, 2015, http://www.jgbhose.com/products/WS-Series-Blowout-Prevention-Safety-Coupling.asp. |
| Halliburton, Vessel-based Modular Solution (VMS), 2015. |
| Chun, M. K., H. K. Song, and R. Lallemand. “Heavy duty gas turbines in petrochemical plants: Samsung's Daesan plant (Korea) beats fuel flexibility records with over 95% hydrogen in process gas.” Proceedings of PowerGen Asia Conference, Singapore. 1999. |
| Wolf, Jürgen J., and Marko A. Perkavec. “Safety Aspects and Environmental Considerations for a 10 MW Cogeneration Heavy Duty Gas Turbine Burning Coke Oven Gas with 60% Hydrogen Content.” ASME 1992 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection, 1992. |
| Ginter, Timothy, and Thomas Bouvay. “Uprate options for the MS7001 heavy duty gas turbine.” GE paper GER-3808C, GE Energy 12 (2006). |
| Chaichan, Miqdam Tariq. “The impact of equivalence ratio on performance and emissions of a hydrogen-diesel dual fuel engine with cooled exhaust gas recirculation.” International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 6.6 (2015): 938-941. |
| Ecob, David J., et al. “Design and Development of a Landfill Gas Combustion System for the Typhoon Gas Turbine.” ASME 1996 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection, 1996. |
| II-VI Marlow Industries, Thermoelectric Technologies in Oil, Gas, and Mining Industries, blog.marlow.com (Jul. 24, 2019). |
| B.M. Mahlalela, et al., .Electric Power Generation Potential Based on Waste Heat and Geothermal Resources in South Africa, pangea.stanford.edu (Feb. 11, 2019). |
| Department of Energy, United States of America, The Water-Energy Nexus: Challenges and Opportunities purenergypolicy.org (Jun. 2014). |
| Ankit Tiwari, Design of a Cooling System for a Hydraulic Fracturing Equipment, The Pennsylvania State University, The Graduate School, College of Engineering, 2015. |
| Jp Yadav et al., Power Enhancement of Gas Turbine Plant by Intake Air Fog Cooling, Jun. 2015. |
| Mee Industries: Inlet Air Fogging Systems for Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Processing, Verdict Media Limited Copyright 2020. |
| M. Ahmadzadehtalatapeh et al.Performance enhancement of gas turbine units by retrofitting with inlet air cooling technologies (IACTs): an hour-by-hour simulation study, Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, Mar. 2020. |
| Advances in Popular Torque-Link Solution Offer OEMs Greater Benefit, Jun. 21, 2018. |
| Emmanuel Akita et al., Mewbourne College of Earth & Energy, Society of Petroleum Engineers; Drilling Systems Automation Technical Section (DSATS); 2019. |
| PowerShelter Kit II, nooutage.com, Sep. 6, 2019. |
| EMPengineering.com, HEMP Resistant Electrical Generators / Hardened Structures HEMP/GMD Shielded Generators, Virginia, Nov. 3, 2012. |
| Blago Minovski, Coupled Simulations of Cooling and Engine Systems for Unsteady Analysis of the Benefits of Thermal Engine Encapsulation, Department of Applied Mechanics, Chalmers University of Technology Groteborg, Sweden 2015. |
| J. Porteiro et al., Feasibility of a new domestic CHP trigeneration with heat pump: II. Availability analysis. Design and development, Applied Thermal Engineering 24 (2004) 1421-1429. |
| ISM, What is Cracking Pressure, 2019. |
| Swagelok, The right valve for controlling flow direction? Check, 2016. |
| Technology.org, Check valves how do they work and what are the main type, 2018. |
| Europump and Hydrualic Institute, Variable Speed Pumping: A Guide to Successful Applications, Elsevier Ltd, 2004. |
| Capstone Turbine Corporation, Capstone Receives Three Megawatt Order from Large Independent Oil & Gas Company in Eagle Ford Shale Play, Dec. 7, 2010. |
| Wikipedia, Westinghouse Combustion Turbine Systems Division, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westinghouse_Combustion_Turbine_Systems_Division, circa 1960. |
| Wikipedia, Union Pacific GTELs, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Pacific_GTELs, circa 1950. |
| HCI Jet Frac, Screenshots from YouTube, Dec. 11, 2010. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6HjXkdbFaFQ. |
| AFD Petroleum Ltd., Automated Hot Zone, Frac Refueling System, Dec. 2018. |
| Eygun, Christiane, et al., URTeC: 2687987, Mitigating Shale Gas Developments Carbon Footprint: Evaluating and Implementing Solutions in Argentina, Copyright 2017, Unconventional Resources Technology Conference. |
| Walzel, Brian, Hart Energy, Oil, Gas Industry Discovers Innovative Solutions to Environmental Concerns, Dec. 10, 2018. |
| Frac Shack, Bi-Fuel FracFueller brochure, 2011. |
| Pettigrew, Dana, et al., High Pressure Multi-Stage Centrifugal Pump for 10,000 psi Frac Pump—HPHPS Frac Pump, Copyright 2013, Society of Petroleum Engineers, SPE 166191. |
| Elle Seybold, et al., Evolution of Dual Fuel Pressure Pumping for Fracturing: Methods, Economics, Field Trial Results and Improvements in Availability of Fuel, Copyright 2013, Society of Petroleum Engineers, SPE 166443. |
| Wallace, E.M., Associated Shale Gas: From Flares to Rig Power, Copyright 2015, Society of Petroleum Engineers, SPE-173491-MS. |
| Williams, C.W. (Gulf Oil Corp. Odessa Texas), The Use of Gas-turbine Engines in an Automated High-Pressure Water-Injection Stations; American Petroleum Institute; API-63-144 (Jan. 1, 1963). |
| Neal, J.C. (Gulf Oil Corp. Odessa Texas), Gas Turbine Driven Centrifugal Pumps for High Pressure Water Injection; American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers, Inc.; SPE-1888 (1967). |
| Porter, John A. (Solar Division International Harvester Co.), Modern Industrial Gas Turbines for the Oil Field; American Petroleum Institute; Drilling and Production Practice; API-67-243 (Jan. 1, 1967). |
| Cooper et al., Jet Frac Porta-Skid—A New Concept in Oil Field Service Pump Equipments[sic]; Halliburton Services; SPE-2706 (1969). |
| Ibragimov, É.S., Use of gas-turbine engines in oil field pumping units; Chem Petrol Eng; (1994) 30: 530. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01154919. (Translated from Khimicheskaya i Neftyanoe Mashinostroenie, No. 11, pp. 24-26, Nov. 1994.). |
| Kas'yanov et al., Application of gas turbine engines in pumping units complexes of hydraulic fracturing of oil and gas reservoirs; Exposition Oil & Gas; (Oct. 2012) (published in Russian). |
| American Petroleum Institute. API 674: Positive Displacement Pumps—Reciprocating. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: API Publishing Services, 2010. |
| American Petroleum Institute. API 616: Gas Turbines for the Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services. 5th ed. Washington, DC: API Publishing Services, 2011. |
| Karassik, Igor, Joseph Messina, Paul Cooper, and Charles Heald. Pump Handbook. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 2008. |
| Weir SPM. Weir SPM General Catalog: Well Service Pumps, Flow Control Products, Manifold Trailers, Safety Products, Post Sale Services. Ft. Worth, TX: Weir Oil & Gas. May 28, 2016. https://www.pumpfundamentals.com/pumpdatabase2/weir-spm-general.pdf. |
| The Weir Group, Inc. Weir SPM Pump Product Catalog. Ft. Worth, TX: S.P.M. Flow Control, Inc. Oct. 30, 2017. https://manage global.weir/assets/files/product%20brochures/SPM_2P140706_Pump_Product_Catalogue_View.pdf. |
| Shandong Saigao Group Corporation. Q4 (5W115) Quintuplex Plunger Pump. Jinan City, Shandong Province, China: Saigao. Oct. 20, 2014. https://www.saigaogroup.com/product/q400-5w115-quintuplex-plunger-pump.html. |
| Marine Turbine. Turbine Powered Frac Units. Franklin, Louisiana: Marine Turbine Technologies, 2020. |
| Rotating Right. Quintuplex Power Pump Model Q700. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada: Weatherford International Ltd. https://www.rotatingright.com/pdf/weatherford/RR%2026-Weatherford%20Model%20Q700.pdf, 2021. |
| CanDyne Pump Services, Inc. Weatherford Q700 Pump. Calgary, Alberta, Canada: CanDyne Pump Services. Aug. 15, 2015. http://candyne.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/181905-94921.q700-quintuplex-pump.pdf. |
| Arop, Julius Bankong. Geomechanical review of hydraulic fracturing technology. Thesis (M. Eng.). Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Oct. 29, 2013. https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/82176. |
| Final written decision of PGR2021-00102 dated Feb. 6, 2023. |
| Final written decision of PGR2021-00103 dated Feb. 6, 2023. |
| Rigmaster Machinery Ltd., Model: 2000 RMP-6-PLEX, brochure, downloaded at https://www.rigmastermachinery.com/_files/ugd/431e62_eaecd77c9fe54af8b13d08396072da67.pdf. |
| De Gevigney et al., “Analysis of no-load dependent power losses in a planetary gear train by using thermal network method”, International Gear Conference 2014: Aug. 26-28, 2014, Lyon, pp. 615-624. |
| Special-Purpose Couplings for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services, API Standard 671 (4th Edition) (2010). |
| The Application of Flexible Couplings for Turbomachinery, Jon R. Mancuso et al., Proceedings of the Eighteenthturbomachinery Symposium (1989). |
| Pump Control With Variable Frequency Drives, Kevin Tory, Pumps & Systems: Advances in Motors and Drives, Reprint from Jun. 2008. |
| Fracture Design and Stimulation, Mike Eberhard, P.E., Wellconstruction & Operations Technical Workshop Insupport of the EPA Hydraulic Fracturing Study, Mar. 10-11, 2011. |
| General Purpose vs. Special Purpose Couplings, Jon Mancuso, Proceedings of the Twenty-Third Turbomachinerysymposium (1994). |
| Overview of Industry Guidance/Best Practices on Hydraulic Fracturing (HF), American Petroleum Institute, © 2012. |
| API Member Companies, American Petroleum Institute, WaybackMachine Capture, https://web.archive.org/web/20130424080625/http://api.org/globalitems/globalheaderpages/membership/api-member-companies, accessed Jan. 4, 2021. |
| API's Global Industry Services, American Petroleum Institute, © Aug. 2020. |
| About API, American Petroleum Institute, https://www.api.org /about, accessed Dec. 30, 2021. |
| About API, American Petroleum Institute, WaybackMachine Capture, https://web.archive.org/web/20110422104346 / http://api.org/aboutapi/, captured Apr. 22, 2011. |
| Publications, American Petroleum Institute, WaybackMachine Capture, https://web.archive.org/web/20110427043936 / http://www.api.org:80/Publications/, captured Apr. 27, 2011. |
| Procedures for Standards Development, American Petroleum Institute, Third Edition (2006). |
| WorldCat Library Collections Database Records for API Standard 671 and API Standard 674, https://www.worldcat.org/title/positive-displacement-pumps-reciprocating/oclc/ 858692269&referer=brief_results, accessed Dec. 30, 2021; and https://www.worldcat.org/title/special-purpose-couplings-for-petroleum-chemical-and-gas-industry-services/oclc/871254217&referer=brief_results, accessed Dec. 22, 2021. |
| 2011 Publications and Services, American Petroleum Institute (2011). |
| Standards, American Petroleum Institute, WaybackMachine Capture, https://web.archive.org/web/20110207195046/ http:/www.api.org/Standards/, captured Feb. 7, 2011; and https://web.archive.org/web/20110204112554/http://global.ihs.com/?RID=API1, captured Feb. 4, 2011. |
| IHS Markit Standards Store, https://global.ihs.com/doc_detail.cfm?document_name=API%20STD%20674&item_s_key=00010672#doc-detail-history-anchor, accessed Dec. 30, 2021; and https://global.ihs.com/doc_detail.cfm?&input_doc_number=671&input_doc_title=&document_name=API%20STD%20671&item_s_key=00010669&item_key_date=890331&origin=DSSC, accessed Dec. 30, 2021. |
| Dziubak, Tadeusz, “Experimental Studies of Dust Suction Irregularity from Multi-Cyclone Dust Collector of Two-Stage Air Filter”, Energies 2021, 14, 3577, 28 pages. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20230092199 A1 | Mar 2023 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62705356 | Jun 2020 | US | |
| 62705332 | Jun 2020 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 17555919 | Dec 2021 | US |
| Child | 18072478 | US | |
| Parent | 17500217 | Oct 2021 | US |
| Child | 17555919 | US | |
| Parent | 17308330 | May 2021 | US |
| Child | 17500217 | US | |
| Parent | 17182489 | Feb 2021 | US |
| Child | 17308330 | US |
