Patent Application
20240117746
The present invention relates to a stator vane and a gas turbine including the same.
Priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-053113, filed on Mar. 26, 2021, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
A gas turbine includes a compressor that compresses air to generate compressed air, a combustor that combusts a fuel in the compressed air to generate a fuel gas, and a turbine driven by the combustion gas. The turbine includes a turbine rotor that rotates around an axis, a turbine casing that covers the rotor, and a plurality of stator vane rows. The turbine rotor includes a rotor shaft around the axis, and a plurality of rotor blade rows attached to the rotor shaft. The plurality of rotor blade rows are aligned in an axial direction where the axis extends. Each of the rotor blade rows includes a plurality of rotor blades aligned in a circumferential direction with respect to the axis. The plurality of stator vane rows are aligned in the axial direction, and are attached to an inner peripheral side of the turbine casing. Each of the plurality of stator vane rows is disposed on an axial upstream side of any one rotor blade row of the plurality of rotor blade rows. Each of the stator vane rows includes a plurality of stator vanes aligned in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis.
The stator vane includes a blade body that forms a blade shape by extending in a radial direction with respect to the axis, an inner shroud provided on a radial inner side of the blade body, and an outer shroud provided on a radial outer side of the blade body. The blade body of the stator vane is disposed inside a combustion gas passage through which the combustion gas passes. The inner shroud defines a radial inner side edge of the combustion gas passage. The outer shroud defines a radial outer side edge of the combustion gas passage.
The stator vane of the gas turbine is exposed to a high-temperature combustion gas. Therefore, the stator vane is generally cooled by air or the like.
For example, a plurality of cooling air passages through which cooling air passes are formed in the blade body of the stator vane disclosed in PTL 1 below. Each of the plurality of cooling air passages extends in a blade-height direction Dh, which is the radial direction with respect to the axis. The stator vane includes an impingement plate disposed in one cooling air passage of a plurality of cooling air passages. The impingement plate is disposed inside one cooling air passage to extend inside the one cooling air passage in the blade-height direction Dh, and to partition the inside of the one cooling air passage into a blade surface side of the blade body and an inner side opposite to the blade surface side. A plurality of impingement holes are formed in the impingement plate.
In the stator vane, inside the one cooling passage, the cooling air flowing into the inner side with the impingement plate as a reference is ejected to the blade surface side from the plurality of impingement holes of the impingement plate. The cooling air ejected from the plurality of impingement holes collides with a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the blade surface on a passage defining surface defining the one cooling air passage, and performs impingement cooling on the portion.
With regard to the stator vane of the gas turbine, it is desirable to cool the stator vane and to reduce a usage amount of air for cooling the stator vane as much as possible while improving durability of the stator vane.
Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a stator vane capable of being efficiently cooled, and a gas turbine including the stator vane.
According to an aspect of the invention, in order to achieve the above-described object, there is provided a stator vane provided in a gas turbine.
The stator vane includes a blade body having a blade shape in a cross-section and extending in a blade-height direction having a direction component perpendicular to the cross section, a first insert and a second insert which have a tubular shape, extend in a tube-height direction, and are disposed inside the blade body so that the tube-height direction faces the blade-height direction, and an end cover. The blade body includes a plurality of blade air passages extending in the blade-height direction inside the blade body. In the plurality of blade air passages, both a first blade air passage and a second blade air passage have an open end on a blade-height one side which is one side of a blade-height first side and a blade-height second side in the blade-height direction. Both the first insert and the second insert have an outer peripheral plate portion having a tubular shape and extending in the tube-height direction, and a sealing plate portion that closes an end on a tube-height sealing side which is one side of the outer peripheral plate portion in the tube-height direction out of two sides in the tube-height direction. The outer peripheral plate portion has a plurality of impingement holes penetrating from an inside to an outside of the tubular outer peripheral plate portion. A tube-height opening side which is the other side of the outer peripheral plate portion in the tube-height direction is open. The outer peripheral plate portion of the first insert has a gap existing between the outer peripheral plate portion of the first insert and a first passage defining surface of the blade body defining the first blade air passage, and is disposed inside the first blade air passage so that cooling air flows into the outer peripheral plate portion from an opening of the first insert. The outer peripheral plate portion of the second insert is configured so that the tube-height opening side of the second insert faces the blade-height one side, has a gap existing between the outer peripheral plate portion of the second insert and a second passage defining surface of the blade body defining the second blade air passage, and is disposed inside the second blade air passage so that cooling air flows from an opening of the second insert. The end cover is provided on the blade-height one side of the blade body so that the cooling air ejected from the plurality of impingement holes of the first insert to between the outer peripheral plate portion of the first insert and the first passage defining surface is guided into the second insert from the opening of the second insert through the opening of the first blade air passage, and covers the opening of the first blade air passage and the opening of the second insert.
In the present aspect, the cooling air flowing into the first insert disposed inside the first blade air passage performs impingement cooling on the first passage defining surface. Furthermore, at least a portion of the cooling air flows into the second insert disposed inside the second blade air passage. The cooling air flowing into the second insert performs impingement cooling on the second passage defining surface. Therefore, in the present aspect, the stator vane can be more efficiently cooled, and a usage amount of the cooling air can be reduced, compared to when cooling air Ac flowing into one insert is ejected to a combustion gas passage immediately after the cooling air Ac performs the impingement cooling on the inside of the blade body.
According to another aspect of the invention, in order to achieve the above-described object, there is provided a gas turbine.
The gas turbine includes a stator vane of the above-described aspect, a rotor that rotates around an axis, and a casing that covers an outer peripheral side of the rotor. The stator vane is fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the casing.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a stator vane can be effectively cooled, and a usage amount of cooling air can be minimized while durability is improved.
Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present invention and modification examples thereof will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[Embodiment of Gas Turbine]
An embodiment of a gas turbine will be described with reference to
As illustrated in
The compressor 20 includes a compressor rotor 21 that rotates around an axis Ar; a compressor casing 25 that covers the compressor rotor 21; and a plurality of stator vane rows 26. The turbine 40 includes a turbine rotor 41 that rotates around the axis Ar; a turbine casing 45 that covers the turbine rotor 41; and a plurality of stator vane rows 46. Hereinafter, an extending direction of the axis Ar will be referred to as an axial direction Da, a circumferential direction around the axis Ar will be simply referred to as a circumferential direction Dc, and a direction perpendicular to the axis Ar will be referred to as a radial direction Dr. In addition, one side in the axial direction Da will be referred to as an axial upstream side Dau, and a side opposite thereto will be referred to as an axial downstream side Dad. In addition, a side closer to the axis Ar in the radial direction Dr will be referred to as a radial inner side Dri, and a side opposite thereto will be referred to as a radial outer side Dro.
The compressor 20 is disposed on the axial upstream side Dau with respect to the turbine 40.
The compressor rotor 21 and the turbine rotor 41 are located on the same axis Ar, and are connected to each other to form a gas turbine rotor 11. For example, a rotor of a generator GEN is connected to the gas turbine rotor 11. The gas turbine 10 further includes an intermediate casing 16. The intermediate casing 16 is disposed between the compressor casing 25 and the turbine casing 45 in the axial direction Da. The compressor casing 25, the intermediate casing 16, and the turbine casing 45 are connected to each other to form a gas turbine casing 15.
The compressor rotor 21 includes a rotor shaft 22 extending in the axial direction Da around the axis Ar, and a plurality of rotor blade rows 23 attached to the rotor shaft 22. The plurality of rotor blade rows 23 are aligned in the axial direction Da. Each of the rotor blade rows 23 is formed of a plurality of rotor blades 23a aligned in the circumferential direction Dc. One stator vane row 26 of the plurality of stator vane rows 26 is disposed on the axial downstream side Dad of each of the plurality of rotor blade rows 23. Each of the stator vane rows 26 is provided inside the compressor casing 25. Each of the stator vane rows 26 is formed of a plurality of stator vanes 26a aligned in the circumferential direction Dc.
As illustrated in
The turbine casing 45 includes a tubular outer casing 45a forming an outer shell thereof, an inner casing 45b fixed to the inside of the outer casing 45a, and a plurality of ring segments 45c fixed to the inside of the inner casing 45b. Each of the plurality of ring segments 45c is provided at a position between the plurality of stator vane rows 46. Therefore, the rotor blade row 43 is disposed on the radial inner side Dri of each of the ring segments 45c.
An annular space formed between an outer peripheral side of the rotor shaft 42 and an inner peripheral side of the turbine casing 45, in which the stator vane 46a and the rotor blade 43a are disposed in the axial direction Da, forms a combustion gas passage 49 through which the combustion gas G from the combustors 30 flows.
The combustor 30 is attached to the intermediate casing 16.
As illustrated in
Hereinafter, various embodiments relating to the stator vane forming a first-stage stator vane row 46 will be described.
[First Embodiment of Stator Vane]
A first embodiment of the stator vane according to the present invention will be described with reference to
As illustrated in
The blade-height direction is the radial direction Dr in a state where the stator vane 50 is attached to the turbine casing 45 (refer to
As illustrated in
The blade body 51 is disposed inside the combustion gas passage 49 through which the combustion gas G passes. The blade body 51 includes a plurality of blade air passages 80 extending in the radial direction Dr inside the blade body 51. The inner shroud 60i defines an edge on the radial inner side Dri of the annular combustion gas passage 49. In addition, the outer shroud 60o defines an edge on the radial outer side Dro of the annular combustion gas passage 49.
The inner shroud 60i includes a shroud body 61, a peripheral wall 71, and a retainer 76.
The shroud body 61 is a plate-shaped member that spreads in a direction including a direction component in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction Dr which is the blade-height direction Dh. The shroud body 61 includes a gas path surface 64, a counter-gas path surface 65, a front end surface 62f, a rear end surface 62b, a suction side end surface 63n, and a pressure side end surface 63p.
The gas path surface 64 is a surface facing the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2, with which the combustion gas G comes into contact. The counter-gas path surface 65 is a surface facing the radial inner side Dri which is the blade-height first side Dh1. The counter-gas path surface 65 has a back-to-back relationship with the gas path surface 64. The front end surface 62f is a surface located closer to the axial upstream side Dau than the blade body 51 is, and facing the axial upstream side Dau. The rear end surface 62b is a surface located closer to the axial downstream side Dad than the blade body 51 is, and facing the axial downstream side Dad. The suction side end surface 63n is a surface located closer to the circumferential suction side Dcn than the blade body 51 is in the shroud body 61 and facing the circumferential suction side Dcn. The suction side end surface 63n connects the front end surface 62f and the rear end surface 62b. The pressure side end surface 63p is a surface located closer to the circumferential pressure side Dcp than the blade body 51 is in the shroud body 61 and facing the circumferential pressure side Dcp. The pressure side end surface 63p connects the front end surface 62f and the rear end surface 62b. The rear end surface 62b is located at an interval from the front end surface 62f to the axial downstream side, and is substantially parallel to the front end surface 62f. In addition, the pressure side end surface 63p is located at an interval from the suction side end surface 63n to one side in the circumferential direction Dc, and is substantially parallel to the suction side end surface 63n. Therefore, when viewed in the radial direction Dr, the shroud body 61 has a parallel quadrilateral shape.
The peripheral wall 71 is a wall protruding from the shroud body 61 to the radial inner side Dri along an outer peripheral edge of the shroud body 61. The peripheral wall 71 includes a front peripheral wall 71f and a rear peripheral wall 71b which face each other in the axial direction Da, and a pressure side peripheral wall 71p and a suction side peripheral wall 71n which face each other in the circumferential direction Dc. The front peripheral wall 71f is located closer to the axial upstream side Dau than the blade body 51 is. A surface of the front peripheral wall 71f facing the axial upstream side Dau forms a portion of the front end surface 62f of the inner shroud 60i. The rear peripheral wall 71b is located closer to the axial downstream side Dad than the blade body 51 is. The pressure side peripheral wall 71p is located closer to the circumferential pressure side Dcp than the blade body 51 is. A surface of the pressure side peripheral wall 71p facing the circumferential pressure side Dcp forms a portion of the pressure side end surface 63p of the inner shroud 60i. The suction side peripheral wall 71n is located closer to the circumferential suction side Dcn than the blade body 51 is. A surface of the suction side peripheral wall 71n facing the circumferential suction side Dcn forms a portion of the suction side end surface 63n of the inner shroud 60i.
In the inner shroud 60i, a cavity 72 recessed toward the radial inner side Dri is formed by the shroud body 61 and the peripheral wall 71. The cavity 72 is defined by the counter-gas path surface 65 of the shroud body 61, a surface of the front peripheral wall 71f facing the axial downstream side Dad, a surface of the rear peripheral wall 71b facing the axial upstream side Dau, a surface of the pressure side peripheral wall 71p facing the circumferential suction side Dcn, and a surface of the suction side peripheral wall 71n facing the circumferential pressure side Dcp.
The retainer 76 is located between the front peripheral wall 71f and the rear peripheral wall 71b in the axial direction Da, and is formed from the suction side end surface 63n to the pressure side end surface 63p. The retainer 76 is connected to an end 17a (refer to
The outer shroud 60o has essentially the same configuration as the configuration of the inner shroud 60i. Therefore, as in the inner shroud 60i, the outer shroud 60o also includes the shroud body 61 and the peripheral wall 71. However, the outer shroud 60o does not have a portion corresponding to the retainer 76 of the inner shroud 60i. As in the shroud body 61 of the inner shroud 60i, the shroud body 61 of the outer shroud 60o also includes the gas path surface 64, the counter-gas path surface 65, the front end surface 62f, the rear end surface 62b, the suction side end surface 63n, and the pressure side end surface 63p. In addition, as in the peripheral wall 71 of the inner shroud 60i, the peripheral wall 71 of the outer shroud 60o also includes the front peripheral wall 71f, the rear peripheral wall 71b, the pressure side peripheral wall 71p, and the suction side peripheral wall 71n. The front peripheral wall 71f and the rear peripheral wall 71b of the outer shroud 60o serve to attach the stator vane 50 to an inner peripheral side of the turbine casing 45 (refer to
As illustrated in
In the front side blade air passage 80f, an end on the radial inner side Dri which is the blade-height first side Dh1 is closed, and an end on the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2 is open. A plurality of front side ejection holes 80fa penetrating from the front side blade air passage 80f to the combustion gas passage 49 are formed in a front side portion including the leading edge 52 of the blade body 51. An end on the radial inner side Dri of the blade body 51 forms a portion of the counter-gas path surface 65 of the inner shroud 60i, and an end on the radial outer side Dro of the blade body 51 forms a portion of the counter-gas path surface 65 of the outer shroud 60o. Therefore, an opening 80fo of the front side blade air passage 80f is open on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the outer shroud 60o.
In the rear side blade air passage 80b, an end on the radial inner side Dri which is the blade-height first side Dh1 is closed, and an end on the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2 is open. An opening 80bo of the rear side blade air passage 80b is open on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the outer shroud 60o. A plurality of rear side ejection holes 80ba penetrating from the rear side blade air passage 80b to the combustion gas passage 49 are formed in a rear side portion including the trailing edge 53 of the blade body 51.
In the first blade air passage 81, an end on the radial inner side Dri which is the blade-height first side Dh1, and an end on the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2 are open. A first opening 82f which is an opening on the blade-height first side Dh1 of the first blade air passage 81 is open on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the inner shroud 60i. In addition, a second opening 82s which is an opening on the blade-height second side Dh2 of the first blade air passage 81 is open on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the outer shroud 60o. The blade body 51 has a plurality of pressure side first ejection holes 83pf penetrating from a first passage defining surface 81p defining the first blade air passage 81 of the blade body 51 to a pressure side first blade surface portion 55f which is a portion of the pressure surface 55. The pressure side first blade surface portion 55f is a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the first blade air passage 81 on the pressure surface 55 of the blade body 51. In addition, the blade body 51 has a plurality of suction side first ejection holes 83nf penetrating from the first passage defining surface 81p defining the first blade air passage 81 of the blade body 51 to a suction side first blade surface portion 54f which is a portion of the suction surface 54. The suction side first blade surface portion 54f is a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the first blade air passage 81 on the suction surface 54 of the blade body 51.
In the second blade air passage 85, an end on the radial inner side Dri which is the blade-height first side Dh1 is closed, and an end on the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2 is open. An opening 86 of the second blade air passage 85 is open on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the outer shroud 60o. The blade body 51 has a plurality of pressure side second ejection holes 87ps penetrating from a second passage defining surface 85p defining the second blade air passage 85 of the blade body 51 to a pressure side second blade surface portion 55s which is a portion of the pressure surface 55.
The pressure side second blade surface portion 55s is a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the second blade air passage 85 on the pressure surface 55 of the blade body 51. In addition, the blade body 51 has a plurality of suction side second ejection holes 87ns penetrating from the second passage defining surface 85p defining the second blade air passage 85 of the blade body 51 to a suction side second blade surface portion 54s which is a portion of the suction surface 54. The suction side second blade surface portion 54s is a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the second blade air passage 85 on the suction surface 54 of the blade body 51.
As described above, in both the first blade air passage 81 and the second blade air passage 85, an end on the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2 is open.
In addition, as illustrated in
The first insert 90 is disposed inside the first blade air passage 81, and the second insert 95 is disposed inside the second blade air passage 85. As illustrated in
The outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90 is disposed inside the first blade air passage 81 so that the tube-height opening side Dih2 faces the blade-height first side Dh1 and a gap exists between the outer peripheral plate portion 91 and the first passage defining surface 81p of the blade body 51 defining the first blade air passage 81. The flange portion 94 is connected to an edge of the first opening 82f of the first blade air passage 81 to close the gap between the outer peripheral plate portion 91 and the first passage defining surface 81p. The gap between the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90 and the first passage defining surface 81p forms an intra-blade first cavity C1 into which the cooling air Ac flows.
In the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90, a portion facing the pressure side first blade surface portion 55f and a portion facing the suction side first blade surface portion 54f have a plurality of impingement holes 92 penetrating from the inside to the outside of the outer peripheral plate portion 91.
The outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95 is disposed inside the second blade air passage 85 so that the tube-height opening side Dih2 faces the blade-height second side Dh2, and a gap exists between the outer peripheral plate portion 96 and the second passage defining surface 85p of the blade body 51 defining the second blade air passage 85. The flange portion 99 is connected to an edge of the opening 86 of the second blade air passage 85 to close the gap between the outer peripheral plate portion 96 and the second passage defining surface 85p. The gap between the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95 and the second passage defining surface 85p forms an intra-blade second cavity C2 into which the cooling air Ac flows.
In the outer peripheral plate portions 96 of the second insert 95, a portion facing the pressure side second blade surface portion 55s and a portion facing the suction side second blade surface portion 54s have a plurality of impingement holes 97 penetrating from the inside to the outside of the outer peripheral plate portion 96.
The second blade surface portions 54s and 55s on the blade surface are located closer to the axial downstream side Dad than the first blade surface portions 54f and 55f are. Therefore, positions of the second blade surface portions 54s and 55s are positions where the pressure of the portions along the second blade surface portions 54s and 55s outside the blade body 51 is lower than the pressure of the portions along the first blade surface portions 54f and 55f outside the blade body 51, while the gas turbine 10 is driven.
The end cover 100 includes a top plate portion 101 and an outer peripheral plate portion 102. The outer peripheral plate portion 102 extends along an edge of the top plate portion 101 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the top plate portion 101. The end cover 100 is disposed on the blade-height second side Dh2 of the blade body 51. The top plate portion 101 faces a region where the first blade air passage 81 and the second air passage are disposed on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the outer shroud 60o at an interval in the blade-height direction Dh. The outer peripheral plate portion 102 of the end cover 100 is connected to an edge of a region where the first blade air passage 81 and the second air passage exist on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the outer shroud 60o. Therefore, the end cover 100 can guide the cooling air Ac flowing out from the second opening 82s of the first blade air passage 81 into the second blade air passage 85 from the opening 86 of the second blade air passage 85.
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
The cooling air Ac flows into the cavity 72 of the outer shroud 60o from the radial outer side Dro of the outer shroud 60o. In addition, the cooling air Ac flows into the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i from the radial inner side Dri of the inner shroud 60i. For example, as the cooling air Ac, air compressed by the compressor 20 is used.
The cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the outer shroud 60o cools the outer shroud 60o. In particular, the cooling air Ac cools the gas path surface of the outer shroud 60o.
A portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the outer shroud 60o flows into the front side blade air passage 80f from the opening 80fo of the front side blade air passage 80f. The cooling air Ac performs convection cooling on a portion around the front side blade air passage 80f in the blade body 51. Furthermore, the cooling air Ac is ejected into the combustion gas passage 49 from the plurality of front side ejection holes 80fa toward the axial upstream side Dau. In a process of flowing through the plurality of front side ejection holes 80fa, the cooling air Ac performs convection cooling on a portion around the plurality of front side ejection holes 80fa. A portion of the cooling air Ac ejected into the combustion gas passage 49 prevents a front portion of the blade surface including the leading edge 52 of the blade body 51 from being exposed to the combustion gas G, and prevents the front portion of the blade surface from being heated by the combustion gas G.
The other portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the outer shroud 60o flows into the rear side blade air passage 80b from the opening 80bo of the rear side blade air passage 80b. The cooling air Ac performs convection cooling on a portion around the rear side blade air passage 80b in the blade body 51. Furthermore, the cooling air Ac is ejected into the combustion gas passage 49 from the plurality of rear side ejection holes 80ba toward the axial downstream side Dad. In a process of flowing through the plurality of rear side ejection holes 80ba, the cooling air Ac performs convection cooling on a portion around the plurality of rear side ejection holes 80ba. A portion of the cooling air Ac ejected into the combustion gas passage 49 prevents a rear portion of the blade surface including the trailing edge 53 of the blade body 51 from being exposed to the combustion gas G, and prevents the rear portion of the blade surface from being heated by the combustion gas G. Furthermore, a portion of the cooling air Ac ejected into the combustion gas passage 49 prevents a vortex flow from being formed on the axial downstream side Dad of the blade body 51.
The cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i cools the inner shroud 60i. In particular, the cooling air Ac cools the gas path surface 64 of the inner shroud 60i.
The cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i flows into the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90 from the first opening 82f of the first blade air passage 81 and the insert opening 90o of the first insert 90. The cooling air Ac flowing into the outer peripheral plate portion 91 is ejected to the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 from the plurality of impingement holes 92 formed in the outer peripheral plate portion 91, and flows into the intra-blade first cavity C1. The cooling air Ac collides with a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the pressure side first blade surface portion 55f and a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the suction side first blade surface portion 54f on the first passage defining surface 81p, and performs impingement cooling on these portions. The impingement cooling has a higher cooling effect on a cooling target, compared to the convection cooling. A distance between an ejection port of the cooling air Ac and a surface with which the cooling air Ac ejected from the ejection port collides affects a cooling effect in the impingement cooling. Therefore, the present embodiment is provided with the first guide member 110 that regulates the displacement of the first insert 90 in the direction perpendicular to the tube-height direction Dih while allowing the displacement of the first insert 90 in the tube-height direction Dih.
In the present embodiment, the first groove member 111 of the first guide member 110 is fixed to the first passage defining surface 81p, and the first convex member 113 of the first guide member 110 is fixed to the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90. However, the first groove member 111 may be fixed to the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90, and the first convex member 113 may be fixed to the first passage defining surface 81p. In addition, one member of the first groove member 111 and the first convex member 113 may be fixed to the first insert 90, and the other member may be fixed to the end cover 100. However, the end cover 100 has a lower rigidity, compared to the blade body 51. Therefore, from a viewpoint of regulating the displacement of the first insert 90 in the direction perpendicular to the tube-height direction Dih, it is preferable to fix the other member to a side of the blade body 51.
A portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the intra-blade first cavity C1 is ejected into the combustion gas passage 49 from the plurality of pressure side first ejection holes 83pf and the plurality of suction side first ejection holes 83nf. The cooling air Ac ejected from the plurality of pressure side first ejection holes 83pf performs film cooling mainly on a downstream side portion of the pressure side first blade surface portion 55f on the blade surface. In addition, the cooling air Ac ejected from the plurality of suction side first ejection holes 83nf performs film cooling mainly on a downstream side portion of the suction side first blade surface portion 54f on the blade surface.
The remaining portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the intra-blade first cavity C1 flows inside the intra-blade first cavity C1 toward the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2, flows out from the second opening 82s of the first blade air passage 81, and flows into the end cover 100. The cooling air Ac performs the convection cooling around the intra-blade first cavity C1 in the blade body 51 in a process of flowing inside the intra-blade first cavity C1.
The cooling air Ac flowing into the end cover 100 flows into the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95 from the opening 86 of the second blade air passage 85 and the insert opening 95o of the second insert 95. The cooling air Ac flowing into the outer peripheral plate portion 96 is ejected to the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral plate portion 96 from the plurality of impingement holes 97 formed in the outer peripheral plate portion 96, and flows into the intra-blade second cavity C2. The cooling air Ac collides with a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the pressure side second blade surface portion 55s and a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the suction side second blade surface portion 54s on the second passage defining surface 85p, and performs the impingement cooling on these portions. As described above, a distance between the ejection port of the cooling air Ac and the surface with which the cooling air Ac ejected from the ejection port collides affects the cooling effect in the impingement cooling. Therefore, the present embodiment is provided with the first guide member 110 that regulates the displacement of the second insert 95 in the direction perpendicular to the tube-height direction Dih while allowing the displacement of the second insert 95 in the tube-height direction Dih.
In the present embodiment, the second groove member 116 of the second guide member 115 is fixed to the second passage defining surface 85p, and the second convex member 118 of the second guide member 115 is fixed to the sealing plate portion 98 of the second insert 95. However, the second groove member 116 may be fixed to the sealing plate portion 98 of the second insert 95, and the second convex member 118 may be fixed to the second passage defining surface 85p.
The cooling air Ac flowing into the intra-blade second cavity C2 is ejected into the combustion gas passage 49 from the plurality of pressure side second ejection holes 87ps and the plurality of suction side second ejection holes 87ns. The cooling air Ac ejected from the plurality of pressure side second ejection holes 87ps performs the film cooling mainly on a downstream side portion of the pressure side second blade surface portion 55s on the blade surface. In addition, the cooling air Ac ejected from the plurality of suction side second ejection holes 87ns performs the film cooling mainly on a downstream side portion of the suction side second blade surface portion 54s on the blade surface.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the cooling air Ac flowing into the first insert 90 disposed inside the first blade air passage 81 performs the impingement cooling on the first passage defining surface 81p. Furthermore, a portion of the cooling air Ac performs the film cooling on the downstream side portion of the pressure side first blade surface portion 55f and the downstream side portion of the suction side second blade surface portion 54s, and the remaining portion of the cooling air Ac performs the convection cooling around the intra-blade first cavity C1 in the blade body 51 in a process of flowing inside the intra-blade first cavity C1. In the present embodiment, the remaining portion of the cooling air Ac flows into the second insert 95 disposed inside the second blade air passage 85. The cooling air Ac flowing into the second insert 95 performs the impingement cooling on the second passage defining surface 85p. Furthermore, the cooling air Ac performs the film cooling on the downstream side portion of the pressure side second blade surface portion 55s and the downstream side portion of the suction side second blade surface portion 54s. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the stator vane 50 can be more efficiently cooled, and a usage amount of the cooling air Ac can be reduced, compared to when the cooling air Ac flowing into one insert is ejected to the combustion gas passage immediately after the cooling air Ac performs the impingement cooling on the inside of the blade body.
[Second Embodiment of Stator Vane]
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the stator vane according to the present invention will be described with reference to
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
In the first blade air passage 81a, an end on the radial inner side Dri which is the blade-height first side Dh1 and an end on the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2 are open. The first opening 82f which is an opening on the radial inner side Dri of the first blade air passage 81a is open on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the inner shroud 60i. In addition, the second opening 82s which is an opening on the radial outer side Dro of the first blade air passage 81a is open on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the outer shroud 60o. The blade body 51a has a plurality of pressure side first ejection holes 83pf penetrating from the first passage defining surface 81p defining the first blade air passage 81a of the blade body 51a to the pressure side first blade surface portion 55f which is a portion of the pressure surface 55. The pressure side first blade surface portion 55f is a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the first blade air passage 81a on the pressure surface 55 of the blade body 51a.
In the second blade air passage 85a, an end on the radial inner side Dri which is the blade-height first side Dh1 is closed, and an end on the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2 is open. The opening 86 of the second blade air passage 85a is open on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the outer shroud 60o. The blade body 51a has a plurality of suction side second ejection holes 87ns penetrating from the second passage defining surface 85p defining the second blade air passage 85a of the blade body 51a to the suction side second blade surface portion 54s which is a portion of the suction surface 54. The suction side second blade surface portion 54s is a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the second blade air passage 85a on the suction surface 54 of the blade body 51a.
In the present embodiment, in both the first blade air passage 81a and the second blade air passage 85a, the end on the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2 is also open.
The stator vane 50a of the present embodiment also further includes a first insert 90a, a second insert 95a, an end cover 100a, the plurality of first guide members 110, and the second guide member 115.
The first insert 90a is disposed inside the first blade air passage 81a, and the second insert 95a is disposed inside the second blade air passage 85a. As in the first insert 90 of the first embodiment, the first insert 90a includes the outer peripheral plate portion 91, the sealing plate portion 93, and the flange portion 94. In addition, as in the second insert 95 of the first embodiment, the second insert 95a includes the outer peripheral plate portion 96, the sealing plate portion 98, and the flange portion 99. The outer peripheral plate portions 91 and 96 of the first insert 90a and the second insert 95a form a tubular shape, and extend in the tube-height direction Dih. The sealing plate portions 93 and 98 close ends of the outer peripheral plate portions 91 and 96 on the tube-height sealing side Dih1. Meanwhile, the sealing plate portion is not provided in end portions of the outer peripheral plate portions 91 and 96 on the tube-height opening side Dih2. Therefore, the insert openings 90o and 95o for introducing the cooling air Ac into the outer peripheral plate portions 91 and 96 are formed in end portions of the outer peripheral plate portions 91 and 96 on the tube-height opening side Dih2. The flange portions 94 and 99 spread toward the outer peripheral side from the ends on the tube-height opening side Dih2 on all of the outer peripheral surfaces of the outer peripheral plate portions 91 and 96.
The outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90a is disposed inside the first blade air passage 81a so that the tube-height opening side Dih2 faces the blade-height first side Dh1, and a gap exists between the outer peripheral plate portion 91 and the first passage defining surface 81p of the blade body 51a defining the first blade air passage 81a. The flange portion 94 is connected to an edge of the first opening 82f of the first blade air passage 81a to close the gap between the outer peripheral plate portion 91 and the first passage defining surface 81p. The gap between the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90a and the first passage defining surface 81p forms the intra-blade first cavity C1 into which the cooling air Ac flows.
The plurality of impingement holes 92 penetrating from the inside to the outside of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 are formed in a portion facing the pressure side first blade surface portion 55f in the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90a.
The outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95a is disposed inside the second blade air passage 85a so that the tube-height opening side Dih2 faces the blade-height second side Dh2, and a gap exists between the outer peripheral plate portions 91 and 96 and the second passage defining surface 85p of the blade body 51a defining the second blade air passage 85a. The flange portions 94 and 99 are connected to the edge of the opening of the second blade air passage 85a to close the gap between the outer peripheral plate portions 91 and 96 and the second passage defining surface 85p. The gap between the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral plate portions 91 and 96 of the second insert 95a and the second passage defining surface 85p forms the intra-blade second cavity C2 into which the cooling air Ac flows.
The plurality of impingement holes 97 penetrating from the inside to the outside of the outer peripheral plate portion 96 are formed in a portion facing the suction side second blade surface portion 54s in the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95a.
The second blade surface portion 54s is a portion of the suction surface 54, and the first blade surface portion 55f is a portion of the pressure surface 55. Therefore, a position of the second blade surface portion 54s is a position where the pressure of the portion along the second blade surface portion 54s outside the blade body 51a is lower than the pressure of the portion along the first blade surface portion 55f outside the blade body 51a, while the gas turbine 10 is driven.
As in the end cover 100 of the first embodiment, the end cover 100a includes a top plate portion 101a and the outer peripheral plate portion 102. However, in the present embodiment, an alignment direction of the second blade air passage 85a with respect to the first blade air passage 81a is different from that in the first embodiment. Therefore, a shape of the top plate portion 101a is different from a shape of the top plate portion 101 of the first embodiment. As in the end cover 100 of the first embodiment, the end cover 100a can also guide the cooling air Ac flowing out from the second opening 82s of the first blade air passage 81a into the second blade air passage 85a from the opening 86 of the second blade air passage 85a.
The first guide member 110 is the same as the first guide member 110 of the first embodiment. In addition, the second guide member 115 is the same as the second guide member 115 of the first embodiment.
A flow of the cooling air Ac of the present embodiment is the same as a flow of the cooling air Ac of the first embodiment. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the cooling air Ac flowing into the first insert 90a disposed inside the first blade air passage 81a also performs the impingement cooling on the first passage defining surface 81p. Furthermore, a portion of the cooling air Ac performs the film cooling on a downstream side portion of the pressure side first blade surface portion 55f, and the remaining portion performs the convection cooling around the intra-blade first cavity C1 in the blade body 51a in a process of flowing inside the intra-blade first cavity C1. The remaining portion of the cooling air Ac flows into the second insert 95a disposed inside the second blade air passage 85a. The cooling air Ac flowing into the second insert 95a performs the impingement cooling on the second passage defining surface 85p. Furthermore, the cooling air Ac performs the film cooling on a downstream side portion of the suction side second blade surface portion 54s. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the stator vane 50a can be more efficiently cooled, and a usage amount of the cooling air Ac can be reduced, compared to when the cooling air Ac flowing into one insert is ejected to the combustion gas passage immediately after the cooling air Ac performs the impingement cooling on the inside of the blade body.
As described above, as in the first embodiment, the second blade air passage may be disposed on the axial downstream side Dad of the first blade air passage 81, or as in the present embodiment, the second blade air passage may be disposed on the circumferential suction side Dcn of the first blade air passage 81a.
[First Modification Example of Stator Vane]
Hereinafter, a first modification example of the first embodiment of the stator vane according to the present invention will be described with reference to
A stator vane 50b of the present modification example is different from the stator vane 50 of the first embodiment in a shape and an attachment method of a first insert 90b and a second insert 95b, and other configurations are the same.
The first insert 90b of the present modification example includes the outer peripheral plate portion 91, the sealing plate portion 93, and a flange portion 94b. The outer peripheral plate portion 91 has a tubular shape, and extends in the tube-height direction Dih. The sealing plate portion 93 closes an end of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 on the tube-height sealing side Dih1. Meanwhile, the sealing plate portion is not provided in an end portion of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 on the tube-height opening side Dih2. Therefore, the insert opening 90o for introducing the cooling air Ac into the outer peripheral plate portion 91 is formed in the end portion of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 on the tube-height opening side Dih2. Unlike the flange portion 94 of the first insert 90 in the first embodiment, the flange portion 94b spreads toward the outer peripheral side from the end on the tube-height sealing side Dih1 in a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral plate portion 91. Therefore, the flange portion 94b of the first insert 90b has a shape in which a portion is cut out.
The outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90b is disposed inside the first blade air passage 81 so that the tube-height opening side Dih2 faces the blade-height first side Dh1, and a gap exists between the outer peripheral plate portion 91 and the first passage defining surface 81p. An outer edge of the flange portion 94b is connected to the vicinity of the second opening 82s of the first blade air passage 81. Therefore, unlike the first insert 90 in the first embodiment, in the first insert 90b of the present modification example, the tube-height sealing side Dih1 is fixed to the blade body 51. A seal flange 84 protruding toward a center side of the first blade air passage 81 and facing the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90b is provided in an edge of the first opening 82f of the first blade air passage 81. The seal flange 84 serves to prevent the cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i from flowing into the intra-blade first cavity C1 inside the first blade air passage 81. The seal flange 84 is not fixed to the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90b to allow the displacement of the first insert 90b in the blade-height direction Dh.
In the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90b, a portion facing the pressure side first blade surface portion 55f and a portion facing the suction side first blade surface portion 54f have the plurality of impingement holes 92 penetrating from the inside to the outside of the outer peripheral plate portion 91, as in the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90 in the first embodiment.
The second insert 95b of the present modification example includes the outer peripheral plate portion 96 and the sealing plate portion 98, and does not include the flange portion. The outer peripheral plate portion 96 has a tubular shape, and extends in the tube-height direction Dih. The sealing plate portion 98 closes an end of the outer peripheral plate portion 96 on the tube-height sealing side Dih1. Meanwhile, the sealing plate portion is not provided in an end portion of the outer peripheral plate portion 96 on the tube-height opening side Dih2. Therefore, the insert opening 95o for introducing the cooling air Ac into the outer peripheral plate portion 96 is formed in the end portion of the outer peripheral plate portion 96 on the tube-height opening side Dih2.
The outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95b is disposed inside the second blade air passage 85 so that the tube-height opening side Dih2 faces the blade-height second side Dh2, and a gap exists between the outer peripheral plate portion 96 and the second passage defining surface 85p. The sealing plate portion 98 of the second insert 95b is fixed to a bottom surface which is a surface of the second blade air passage 85 on the blade-height first side Dh1, on the second passage defining surface 85p. Therefore, unlike the second insert 95 in the first embodiment, in the second insert 95b of the present modification example, the tube-height sealing side Dih1 is fixed to the blade body 51. A seal flange 88 protruding toward a center side of the second blade air passage 85 and facing the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95b is provided in an edge of the opening 86 of the second blade air passage 85. The seal flange 88 serves to prevent the cooling air Ac inside the end cover 100 from flowing into the intra-blade second cavity C2 inside the second blade air passage 85. The seal flange 88 is not fixed to the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95b to allow the displacement of the second insert 95b in the blade-height direction Dh.
In the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95b, a portion facing the pressure side second blade surface portion 55s and a portion facing the suction side second blade surface portion 54s have the plurality of impingement holes 97 penetrating from the inside to the outside of the outer peripheral plate portion 96, as in the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the first insert 90 in the first embodiment.
In the present modification example, the cooling air Ac also flows into the cavity 72 of the outer shroud 60o from the radial outer side Dro of the outer shroud 60o. In addition, the cooling air Ac flows into the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i from the radial inner side Dri of the inner shroud 60i.
As in the first embodiment, a portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the outer shroud 60o flows into the front side blade air passage 80f from the opening 80fo of the front side blade air passage 80f. In addition, as in the first embodiment, the other portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the outer shroud 60o also flows into the rear side blade air passage 80b from the opening 80bo of the rear side blade air passage 80b.
Most of the cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i flows into the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90b from the first opening 82f of the first blade air passage 81 and the insert opening 90o of the first insert 90b. However, a slight amount of the cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i flows into the intra-blade first cavity C1 inside the first blade air passage 81 from a gap between the seal flange 84 provided in an edge of the first opening 82f of the first blade air passage 81 and the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90b. The cooling air Ac flowing into the outer peripheral plate portion 91 is ejected to the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 from the plurality of impingement holes 92 formed in the outer peripheral plate portion 91, and flows into the intra-blade first cavity C1. The cooling air Ac collides with a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the pressure side first blade surface portion 55f and a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the suction side first blade surface portion 54f on the first passage defining surface 81p, and performs impingement cooling on these portions.
A portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the intra-blade first cavity C1 is ejected into the combustion gas passage 49 from the plurality of pressure side first ejection holes 83pf and the plurality of suction side first ejection holes 83nf. The remaining portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the intra-blade first cavity C1 flows inside the intra-blade first cavity C1 toward the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2, and flows into the end cover 100 through a cutout portion of the flange portion 94b of the first insert 90b and the second opening 82s of the first blade air passage 81.
Most of the cooling air Ac flowing into the end cover 100 flow into the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95b from the opening 86 of the second blade air passage 85 and the insert opening 95o of the second insert 95b. However, a slight amount of the cooling air Ac flowing into the end cover 100 flows into the intra-blade second cavity C2 inside the second blade air passage 85 from a gap between the seal flange 88 provided in an edge of the opening 86 of the second blade air passage 85 and the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95b. The cooling air Ac flowing into the outer peripheral plate portion 96 is ejected to the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral plate portion 96 from the plurality of impingement holes 97 formed in the outer peripheral plate portion 96, and flows into the intra-blade second cavity C2. The cooling air Ac collides with a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the pressure side second blade surface portion 55s and a portion having a back-to-back relationship with the suction side second blade surface portion 54s on the second passage defining surface 85p, and performs the impingement cooling on these portions.
The cooling air Ac flowing into the intra-blade second cavity C2 is ejected into the combustion gas passage 49 from the plurality of pressure side second ejection holes 87ps and the plurality of suction side second ejection holes 87ns.
In the present modification example, as in the first embodiment, the cooling air Ac flowing into the first insert 90b disposed inside the first blade air passage 81 also performs the impingement cooling on the first passage defining surface 81p. Furthermore, a portion of the cooling air Ac flows into the second insert 95b to perform the impingement cooling on the second passage defining surface 85p. Therefore, in the present modification example, as in the first embodiment, the stator vane 50b can be more efficiently cooled, and a usage amount of the cooling air Ac can be reduced, compared to when the cooling air Ac flowing into one insert is ejected to the combustion gas passage immediately after the cooling air Ac performs the impingement cooling on the inside of the blade body.
However, in the present modification example, without performing the impingement cooling on the first passage defining surface 81p, as described above, a portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i flows into the intra-blade first cavity C1 from the gap between the seal flange 84 provided in the edge of the first opening 82f of the first blade air passage 81 and the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90b. In addition, in the present modification example, without performing the impingement cooling on the second passage defining surface 85p, as described above, a portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the end cover 100 flows into the intra-blade second cavity C2 from the gap between the seal flange 88 provided in the edge of the opening 86 of the second blade air passage 85 and the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95b. Therefore, in the present modification example, an impingement cooling effect of the blade body 51 is lower than that in the first embodiment. In other words, the impingement cooling effect of the blade body 51 of the first embodiment is higher than that in the present modification example.
As described above, as in the first embodiment, in the first insert 90b and the second insert 95b, the tube-height opening side Dih2 may be fixed to the blade body 51, or as in the present modification example, the tube-height sealing side Dih1 may be fixed to the blade body 51.
Although the present modification example is a modification example of the first embodiment, the second embodiment may be configured in the same manner as the present modification example.
[Second Modification Example of Stator Vane]
Hereinafter, a second modification example of the first embodiment of the stator vane according to the present invention will be described with reference to
A stator vane 50c of the present modification example is different from the stator vane 50 of the first embodiment in that an opening of a first blade air passage 81c, an opening of a second blade air passage 85c, and an end cover 100c are disposed to be different. In addition, the stator vane 50c of the present modification example is different from the stator vane 50 of the first embodiment in that a shape and an attachment method of a first insert 90c and an attachment method of a second insert 95c are different, and other configurations are the same.
Both the first blade air passage 81c and the second blade air passage 85c of the present modification example extend in the blade-height direction Dh, as in the first embodiment. However, in the first blade air passage 81c of the present modification example, an end on the radial inner side Dri which is the blade-height first side Dh1 is open, and an end on the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2 is closed. The opening 82f on the radial inner side Dri of the first blade air passage 81c is open on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the inner shroud 60i. In addition, in the second blade air passage 85c, an end on the radial inner side Dri which is the blade-height first side Dh1 is open, and an end on the radial outer side Dro which is the blade-height second side Dh2 is closed. An opening 86c of the second blade air passage 85c is open on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the inner shroud 60i.
As described above, in the present modification example, in both the first blade air passage 81c and the second blade air passage 85c, the end on the radial inner side Dri which is the blade-height first side Dh1 is open.
The first insert 90c of the present modification example includes the outer peripheral plate portion 91, the sealing plate portion 93, and a flange portion 94c. The outer peripheral plate portion 91 has a tubular shape, and extends in the tube-height direction Dih. The sealing plate portion 93 closes an end of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 on the tube-height sealing side Dih1. Meanwhile, the sealing plate portion is not provided in an end portion of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 on the tube-height opening side Dih2. Therefore, the insert opening 90o for introducing the cooling air Ac into the outer peripheral plate portion 91 is formed in the end portion of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 on the tube-height opening side Dih2. Unlike the flange portion 94 of the first insert 90 in the first embodiment, the flange portion 94c is a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral plate portion 91, and spreads toward the outer peripheral side from a position separated by a predetermined distance to the tube-height sealing side Dih1 from the end of the tube-height opening side Dih2 of the outer peripheral plate portion 91. Therefore, the flange portion 94c of the first insert 90c has a shape in which a portion is cut out. The predetermined distance is greater than the height of the outer peripheral plate portion 103 of the end cover 100.
The outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90c is disposed inside the first blade air passage 81c so that the tube-height opening side Dih2 faces the blade-height first side Dh1, and a gap exists between the outer peripheral plate portion 91 and the first passage defining surface 81p. The flange portion 94c is connected to the edge of the first opening 82f of the first blade air passage 81c.
As in the second insert 95 of the first embodiment, the second insert 95c of the present modification example includes the outer peripheral plate portion 96, the sealing plate portion 98, and the flange portion 99. However, unlike the first embodiment, the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95c of the present modification example is disposed inside the second blade air passage 85c so that the tube-height opening side Dih2 faces the blade-height first side Dh1, and a gap exists between the outer peripheral plate portion 91 and the second passage defining surface 85p of the blade body 51 defining the second blade air passage 85c. The flange portion 99 is connected to the edge of the opening 86c of the second blade air passage 85c to close the gap between the outer peripheral plate portion 96 and the second passage defining surface 85p.
As in the end cover 100 of the first embodiment, the end cover 100c includes the top plate portion 101 and the outer peripheral plate portion 102. However, the end cover 100c of the present modification example is disposed on the blade-height first side Dh1 of the blade body 51. The top plate portion 101 of the end cover 100c faces a region where the first blade air passage 81c and the second blade air passage 85c are disposed, at an interval in the blade-height direction Dh, on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the inner shroud 60i. The outer peripheral plate portion 102 of the end cover 100c is connected to an edge of the region where the first blade air passage 81c and the second blade air passage 85c exist, on the counter-gas path surface 65 of the inner shroud 60i. The tube-height opening side Dih2 of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90c protrudes to the radial inner side Dri from the top plate portion 101 of the end cover 100c.
In the present modification example, the cooling air Ac also flows into the cavity 72 of the outer shroud 60o from the radial outer side Dro of the outer shroud 60o. In addition, the cooling air Ac flows into the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i from the radial inner side Dri of the inner shroud 60i.
As in the first embodiment, a portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the outer shroud 60o flows into the front side blade air passage 80f from the opening 80fo of the front side blade air passage 80f. In addition, as in the first embodiment, the other portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the outer shroud 60o also flows into the rear side blade air passage 80b from the opening 80bo of the rear side blade air passage 80b.
The cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i flows into the outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first insert 90c from the insert opening 90o of the first insert 90c. The cooling air Ac flowing into the outer peripheral plate portion 91 is ejected to the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral plate portion 91 from the plurality of impingement holes 92 formed in the outer peripheral plate portion 91, and flows into the intra-blade first cavity C1. The cooling air Ac collides with the first passage defining surface 81p, and performs the impingement cooling on the first passage defining surface 81p.
A portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the intra-blade first cavity C1 is ejected into the combustion gas passage 49 from the plurality of pressure side first ejection holes 83pf and the plurality of suction side first ejection holes 83nf. The remaining portion of the cooling air Ac flowing into the intra-blade first cavity C1 flows inside the intra-blade first cavity C1 toward the radial inner side Dri which is the blade-height first side Dh1, and flows into the end cover 100c through the cutout portion of the flange portion 94c of the first insert 90c and the opening 82f of the first blade air passage 81c.
The cooling air Ac flowing into the end cover 100c flows into the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second insert 95c from the opening 86c of the second blade air passage 85c and the insert opening 95o of the second insert 95c. The cooling air Ac flowing into the outer peripheral plate portion 96 is ejected to the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral plate portion 96 from the plurality of impingement holes 97 formed in the outer peripheral plate portion 96, and flows into the intra-blade second cavity C2. The cooling air Ac collides with the second passage defining surface 85p, and performs the impingement cooling on the second passage defining surface 85p.
The cooling air Ac flowing into the intra-blade second cavity C2 is ejected into the combustion gas passage 49 from the plurality of pressure side second ejection holes 87ps and the plurality of suction side second ejection holes 87ns.
In the present modification example, as in the first embodiment, the cooling air Ac flowing into the first insert 90c disposed inside the first blade air passage 81c also performs the impingement cooling on the first passage defining surface 81p. Furthermore, a portion of the cooling air Ac flows into the second insert 95c, and performs the impingement cooling on the second passage defining surface 85p. Therefore, in the present modification example, as in the first embodiment, the stator vane 50c can be more efficiently cooled, and a usage amount of the cooling air Ac can be reduced, compared to when the cooling air Ac flowing into one insert is ejected to the combustion gas passage immediately after the cooling air Ac performs the impingement cooling on the inside of the blade body.
However, in the present modification example, the cooling air Ac flowing into the first insert 90c flows to the blade-height second side Dh2 inside the first insert 90c, and is ejected from the impingement hole 92. Thereafter, the cooling air Ac flows toward the blade-height first side Dh1 inside the intra-blade first cavity C1, and flows into the second insert 95c. Therefore, in the present modification example, the cooling air Ac reciprocates in the blade-height direction Dh inside the first blade air passage 81c. Therefore, a flow path length through which the cooling air Ac flows is lengthened, and flow resistance of the cooling air Ac increases. As a result, in the present modification example, the pressure of the cooling air Ac flowing into the second insert 95c decreases. Therefore, in the present modification example, the impingement cooling effect of the blade body 51c is lower than that in the first embodiment. In other words, the impingement cooling effect of the blade body 51 of the first embodiment is higher than that in the present modification example.
As described above, out of the blade-height first side Dh1 and the blade-height second side Dh2, a side on which both the first blade air passage and the second blade air passage are open may be the blade-height second side Dh2 as in the first embodiment, or may be the blade-height first side Dh1 as in the present modification example. In addition, the tube-height opening side Dih of the second insert may face the blade-height second side Dh2 as in the first embodiment, or may face the blade-height first side Dh1 as in the present modification example.
Although the present modification example is a modification example of the first embodiment, the second embodiment may be configured in the same manner as the present modification example.
[Third Modification Example of Stator Vane]
Hereinafter, a third modification example of the first embodiment of the stator vane according to the present invention will be described with reference to
A stator vane 50d of the present modification example is a stator vane in which an impingement plate 78 is added to each of the inside of the outer shroud 60o and the inside of the inner shroud 60i in the stator vane 50 of the first embodiment.
The impingement plate 78 inside the outer shroud 60o partitions the cavity 72 of the outer shroud 60o into two spaces in the blade-height direction Dh. The impingement plate 78 has a plurality of impingement holes 79 penetrating in the blade-height direction Dh.
The impingement plate 78 inside the inner shroud 60i partitions the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i into two spaces in the blade-height direction Dh. The impingement plate 78 has a plurality of impingement holes 79 penetrating in the blade-height direction Dh.
The cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the outer shroud 60o is ejected from the plurality of impingement holes 79 of the impingement plate 78, collides with the counter-gas path surface 65 of the outer shroud 60o, and performs the impingement cooling on the counter-gas path surface 65. As in the first embodiment, a portion of the cooling air Ac performing the impingement cooling on the counter-gas path surface 65 flows into the front side blade air passage 80f from the opening 80fo of the front side blade air passage 80f. In addition, as in the first embodiment, the other portion of the cooling air Ac performing the impingement cooling on the counter-gas path surface 65 flows into the rear side blade air passage 80b from the opening 80bo of the rear side blade air passage 80b.
The cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i is ejected from the plurality of impingement holes 79 of the impingement plate 78, collides with the counter-gas path surface 65 of the inner shroud 60i, and performs the impingement cooling on the counter-gas path surface 65. As in the first embodiment, a portion of the cooling air Ac performing the impingement cooling on the counter-gas path surface 65 flows into the first insert 90. As in the first embodiment, the cooling air Ac flowing into the first insert 90 performs the impingement cooling on the first passage defining surface 81p, and thereafter, performs the impingement cooling on the second passage defining surface 85p.
As described above, in the present modification example, the cooling air Ac flowing into the cavity 72 of the inner shroud 60i can perform the impingement cooling three times on the inside of the stator vane 50d. Therefore, in the present modification example, the stator vane 50d can be more efficiently cooled, and a usage amount of the cooling air Ac can be reduced, compared to the first embodiment and each modification example thereof.
Although the present modification example is a modification example of the first embodiment, as in the present modification example, the impingement plate 78 may be added to the second embodiment, the first modification example, and the second modification example.
[Other Modification Examples of Stator Vane]
In each of the above-described embodiments and modification examples, the blade-height first side Dh1 is the radial inner side Dri, and the blade-height second side Dh2 is the radial outer side Dro. However, the blade-height first side Dh1 may be the radial outer side Dro, and the blade-height second side Dh2 may be the radial inner side Dri.
The stator vane of each of the above-described embodiments and modification examples includes two blade air passages as the intermediate blade air passages 80m, one of which is the first blade air passage, and the other of which is the second blade air passage. However, the stator vane may include three or more blade air passages as the intermediate blade air passages 80m, one of which may be used as the first blade air passage, and another one of which may be used as the second blade air passage. In addition, both the first blade air passage and the second blade air passage do not need to be passages between the front side blade air passage 80f and the rear side blade air passage 80b. For example, the first blade air passage may be one of the intermediate blade air passages 80m, and the second blade air passage may be the rear side blade air passage 80b.
All of the stator vanes of each of the above-described embodiments and modification examples are the stator vanes forming the first-stage stator vane row 46. However, the stator vane may be a stator vane forming a stator vane row closer to the axial downstream side Dad than the first-stage stator vane row 46 is.
The embodiments and modification examples of the present disclosure have been described in detail above. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modification examples. Various additions, changes, replacements, or partial deletions can be made within the scope that does not deviate from the conceptual idea and the gist of the present disclosure derived from the contents defined in the scope of the appended claims and the equivalent thereof.
[Additional Notes]
For example, the stator vane in the above-described embodiment and modification example is understood as follows.
In the present aspect, the cooling air Ac flowing into the first inserts 90, 90a, 90b, and 90c disposed inside the first blade air passages 81, 81a, and 81c performs the impingement cooling on the first passage defining surface 81p. Furthermore, at least a portion of the cooling air Ac flows into the second inserts 95, 95a, 95b, and 95c disposed inside the second blade air passages 85, 85a, and 85c. The cooling air Ac flowing into the second inserts 95, 95a, 95b, and 95c performs the impingement cooling on the second passage defining surface 85p. Therefore, in the present aspect, the stator vane can be more efficiently cooled, and a usage amount of the cooling air Ac can be reduced, compared to when the cooling air Ac flowing into one insert is ejected to the combustion gas passage immediately after the cooling air Ac performs the impingement cooling on the inside of the blade body.
In the present aspect, the blade surface exposed to the combustion gas can be effectively cooled.
The second inserts 95 and 95a include the flange portion 99 spreading from an end on the tube-height opening side Dih2 in the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second inserts 95 and 95a toward the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second inserts 95 and 95a, extending to the second passage defining surface 85p, and connected to the blade body 51. The outer peripheral plate portion 91 of the first inserts 90 and 90a is disposed inside the first blade air passages 81 and 81a so that the tube-height opening side Dih2 of the first inserts 90 and 90a faces the blade-height first side Dh1. The outer peripheral plate portion 96 of the second inserts 95 and 95a is disposed inside the second blade air passages 85 and 85a so that the tube-height opening side Dih2 of the second inserts 95 and 95a faces the blade-height second side Dh2.
In the present aspect, a structure of each insert is not complicated, and the impingement cooling effect of the blade body 51 can be improved.
In the present aspect, even when the gas turbine 10 is driven so that there is a difference in thermal deformation amounts between the outer peripheral plate portions 91 of the first inserts 90, 90a, 90b, and 90c and the first passage defining surface 81p due to a temperature difference therebetween, a distance between the outer peripheral plate portions 91 of the first inserts 90, 90a, 90b, and 90c and the first passage defining surface 81p can be kept substantially constant, and a desired impingement cooling effect can be obtained. In addition, in the present aspect, even when the gas turbine 10 is driven so that there is a difference in thermal deformation amounts between the outer peripheral plate portions 96 of the second inserts 95, 95a, 95b, and 95c and the second passage defining surface 85p due to a temperature difference therebetween, a distance between the outer peripheral plate portions 96 of the second inserts 95, 95a, 95b, and 95c and the second passage defining surface 85p can be kept substantially constant, and a desired impingement cooling effect can be obtained.
In the present aspect, the cooling air Ac flowing into the stator vane can perform the impingement cooling three times on the inside of the stator vane. Therefore, in the present aspect, the stator vane can be efficiently cooled, and a usage amount of the cooling air Ac can be reduced.
For example, the gas turbine in the above-described embodiment is understood as follows.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a stator vane can be effectively cooled, and a usage amount of cooling air can be minimized while durability is improved.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-053113 | Mar 2021 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2022/012452 | 3/17/2022 | WO |
