Patent Application
20120073293
The subject matter disclosed herein relates to a steam turbine valve. More specifically, the subject matter disclosed herein relates to a steam turbine valve including an integral pressure chamber, formed via, e.g., casting or fabrication.
During operation of a steam turbine system, various valves provide steam to the working portions of the system, allowing those working portions to perform mechanical work. However, the flow of steam through the valves may cause pressure and thermal-related stress on these valves, reducing their effective lifetimes and/or causing failure. Further, operating conditions for steam turbine systems are trending toward higher temperature, higher pressure applications, with faster starting and loading ramp rates, which may cause increased stresses on the valves within those systems.
A steam turbine valve having an integral pressure chamber is disclosed. In one embodiment, a system for supplying steam is disclosed, the valve system comprising: a valve body; and a pressure chamber substantially contained within a wall of the valve body, the pressure chamber having an inlet for receiving a pressurized fluid.
A first aspect of the invention includes a valve system comprising: a valve body; and a pressure chamber substantially contained within a wall of the valve body, the pressure chamber having an inlet for receiving a pressurized fluid.
A second aspect of the invention includes a steam turbine system comprising: a steam turbine section; and valve system for supplying steam to the steam turbine section, the valve system comprising: a valve body; and a pressure chamber substantially contained within a wall of the valve body, the pressure chamber having an inlet for receiving a pressurized fluid.
A third aspect of the invention includes a valve for supplying steam comprising: a valve body; and a pressure chamber substantially contained within a wall of the valve body, the pressure chamber having an inlet for receiving a pressurized fluid.
These and other features of this invention will be more readily understood from the following detailed description of the various aspects of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings that depict various embodiments of the invention, in which:
It is noted that the drawings of the invention may not be to scale. The drawings are intended to depict only typical aspects of the invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. In the drawings, like numbering represents like elements between the drawings.
As indicated above, aspects of the invention provide for a steam turbine valve having an integral pressure chamber. In particular, aspects of the invention provide for a steam turbine valve having an integrally cast or fabricated pressure chamber. The integral pressure chamber may be formed with an inlet and an outlet for allowing steam to flow therethrough. Steam may be supplied to the chamber as: a) a pre-warming agent to reduce thermally induced transient stresses; and/or b) a pressurizing agent during steady-state operation to reduce long-term membrane stress and peak stresses across load bearing valve walls.
While conventional approaches to reduce stress in steam turbine valves employ a double-shell valve casing, these approaches often require increased casting complexity and increased cost. In contrast to these conventional approaches, aspects of the invention provide for an integral pressure chamber in a single-casing design. The following may be realized through the teachings of aspects of the invention as compared with conventional approaches: a) manufacturing costs of the single-casing valves described herein may be less than the costs of a double-shell valve casing due to, among other things, a reduction in the materials needed; and b) startup time may be reduced when compared to conventional single-casing valves, as the integral chamber allows for pre-heating of the valves.
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In contrast to conventional steam turbine valves, valve system 10 may include a valve wall 14 having a pressure chamber (or, chamber) 18 substantially contained therein. That is, pressure chamber 18 may be formed within the valve wall 14, such that pressure chamber 18 is substantially contained between an outer surface 20 of valve wall 14 and an inner surface 22 of valve wall 14. Pressure chamber 18 may have an inlet 24 for receiving a pressurized fluid (e.g., steam) and an outlet 26 for exhausting the pressurized fluid. Inlet 24 may include, or be fluidly attached to an inlet port 28, and exhaust 26 may include, or be fluidly attached to an outlet port 30. Inlet port 28 and outlet port 30 may allow for ease of attachment and/or removal of one or more conduits with inlet 24 and outlet 26, respectively. Further inlet port 28 and outlet port 30 may allow for effective sealing of inlet 24 and outlet 26, respectively, when desired.
As shown and described herein, pressure chamber 18 may be integral with valve wall 14. That is, in one embodiment, pressure chamber 18 may be integrally cast with the single-wall (valve wall 14) design shown. For example, a mold (including e.g., a ceramic) may be formed including a coring substantially resembling the pressure chamber 18. After casting and solidifying the valve wall material (e.g., a metal such as steel, iron, etc.), the coring may be removed to form valve wall 14 including pressure chamber 18. In another embodiment, portions of valve wall 14 may be welded or otherwise adjoined (e.g., via forging, plating, etc.) to form pressure chamber 18 within.
With continuing reference to
Also shown in
In an alternate embodiment, as shown in phantom in
In practice, valve system 10 may allow for a reduction of the pressure imbalance across valve wall 14. That is, as the pressurized fluid provides a positive pressure inside valve body 12 (e.g., across inner surface 22), pressure chamber 18 may provide a positive pressure across valve wall 14, opposing the positive pressure applied to inner surface 22 from inside valve body 12. This counter-pressure may help to reduce the mechanical stress experienced by valve wall 14, which may provide advantages over conventional valve systems. For example, pressure chamber 18 may be utilized to provide pre-warming steam (e.g., as leak-off from valve head exhaust 32 or from external pressurized fluid source 42) through valve wall 14 during start-up of a steam turbine system including valve system 10. In this case, pre-warming steam may flow through pressure chamber 18 and allow for heating of valve wall 14. As valve wall 14 warms due to the flow of steam through pressure chamber 18, the internal temperature of the valve wall 14 will increase. This will allow the inner surface 22 (and outer surface 20) of valve wall 14 to sufficiently warm before higher temperature, higher pressure steam begins to flow through valve body 12 across that inner surface 22.
Where inner surface 22 is effectively pre-warmed, the thermally-induced transient stresses caused by high pressure, high temperature steam flowing through valve body 12 can be reduced. In some cases, this pre-warming effect can increase the operational lifetime of valve body 12. Further, pre-warming of valve wall 14 may allow for faster start-up of a steam turbine system including valve system 10, as higher temperature, higher pressure steam may be forced through valve body 12 more quickly than in conventional valves.
In contrast to conventional single-shell valve casings, valve system 10, and specifically, pressure chamber 18, allows for the introduction of positive pressure within valve wall 14 to counteract the internal fluid pressure applied to inner surface 22. This may allow for, among other things, an extended operational lifetime for the valve body 12. While the valve body 12 shown and described with reference to
It is understood that while
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The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof
This written description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.
