FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a steel beam as defined in the preamble of independent claim 1.
The invention also relates to a supporting arrangement for supporting a steel beam at a console as defined in the preamble of independent claim 12.
Publication WO 02/33185 presents a bracket for supporting a structural element to a support structure.
OBJECTIVE
The object of the invention is to provide a steel beam and a supporting arrangement for supporting a steel beam at a console which steel beam and supporting arrangement have an increased capacity of transferring horizontal loads and forces between the steel beam and a console that an end of the steel beam is supported on. The console can for example be configured to be arranged at a column of a building.
SHORT DESCRIPTION
The steel beam of the invention is characterized by the definitions of independent claim 1.
Preferred embodiments of the steel beam are defined in the dependent claims 2 to 11.
The supporting arrangement of the invention is correspondingly characterized by the definitions of independent claim 12.
Preferred embodiments of the supporting arrangement are defined in the dependent claims 13 to 25.
LIST OF FIGURES
In the following the invention will described in more detail by referring to the figures, which
FIGS. 1 and 2 shows a first embodiment of the steel beam,
FIGS. 3 and 4 shows a second embodiment of the steel beam,
FIGS. 5 and 6 shows a third embodiment of the steel beam,
FIG. 7 shows a detail of the steel beam according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
FIG. 8 shows a detail of the steel beam according to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 and according to the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6,
FIG. 9 shows a first embodiment of the supporting arrangement,
FIG. 10 shows in partly transparent view a detail of the first embodiment the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 9,
FIG. 11 shows in partly transparent view the first embodiment the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 9,
FIG. 12 shows a detail of the first embodiment the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 9,
FIG. 13 shows a second embodiment of the supporting arrangement,
FIG. 14 shows in partly transparent view a detail of the second embodiment the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 13,
FIG. 15 shows in partly transparent view the second embodiment the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 13,
FIG. 16 shows a detail of the second embodiment the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 15 as cut along line A-A in FIG. 15,
FIG. 17 shows a third embodiment of the supporting arrangement,
FIG. 18 shows in partly transparent view a detail of the third embodiment the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 17,
FIG. 19 shows in partly transparent view the third embodiment the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 17,
FIG. 20 shows a detail of the third embodiment the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 17 as cut along line B-B in FIG. 19,
FIG. 21 shows a fourth embodiment of the supporting arrangement,
FIG. 22 shows in partly transparent view a detail of the fourth embodiment the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 21,
FIG. 23 shows in partly transparent view the fourth embodiment the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 21,
FIG. 24 shows a detail of the fourth embodiment the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 21 as cut along line C-C in FIG. 23,
FIG. 25 shows a fifth embodiment of the supporting arrangement,
FIG. 26 shows a detail of the fifth embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 25,
FIG. 27 shows in partly transparent view the fifth embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 25,
FIG. 28 shows a sixth embodiment of the supporting arrangement,
FIG. 29 shows in partly transparent view the sixth embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 28,
FIG. 30 shows a detail of the sixth embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 28,
FIG. 31 shows in partly transparent view the detail of the sixth embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 30,
FIG. 32 shows in partly transparent view the sixth embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 28,
FIG. 33 shows in cut view the sixth embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 28 as cut along plane A-A in FIG. 32,
FIG. 34 shows in cut view the sixth embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 28 as cut along plane B-B in FIG. 32,
FIG. 35 shows in partly transparent view a detail of the sixth embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 30,
FIG. 36 shows a seventh embodiment of the supporting arrangement,
FIG. 37 shows in partly transparent view the seventh embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 36,
FIG. 38 shows a detail of the seventh embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 36,
FIG. 39 shows in partly transparent view the detail of the seventh embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 36,
FIG. 40 shows in partly transparent view the seventh embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 36,
FIG. 41 shows in cut view the seventh embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 38 as cut along plane A-A in FIG. 40,
FIG. 42 shows in cut view the seventh embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 36 as cut along plane B-B in FIG. 40, and
FIG. 43 shows in partly transparent view a detail of the seventh embodiment of the supporting arrangement shown in FIG. 36.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
First the steel beam 1 and some embodiments and variants of the steel beam 1 will be described in greater detail.
The steel beam 1 comprises a base plate 2, two web parts 3 extending from the base plate 2, and an end plate 4 at opposite ends of the base plate 2 of the steel beam 1.
The web parts 3 can be arranged at the base plate 2 so that at least one elongated supporting surface (not marked with a reference numeral) for example for hollow core slabs is formed at the base plate 2.
The steel beam 1 can be formed by welding together a base plate 2, two web parts 3, and two end plates 4 of steel.
Is also possible that at least two of the base plate 2, the two web parts 3, and the two end plates 4 are produced from a common steel plate by bending.
The base plate 2, the two web parts 3 and the end plates 4 forms a space 5 that is at least partly limited by the base plate 2, the two web parts 3, and the two end plates 4. The space 5 can be configured to be filled with concrete (not shown in the figures). In the space 5 is configured to be filled with concrete can at least one reinforcement bar (not shown in the figures) be arranged in the space 5.
At least one of the ends of the steel beam 1 comprises a console supporting slot 6 extending from said at least one end of the steel beam 1. In the embodiments of the steel beam 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, both ends of the steel beam 1 is provided with a console supporting slot 6 extending from each end of the steel beam 1, but it is possible that only one of the ends of the steel beam 1 is provided with a console supporting slot 6, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
The console supporting slot 6 forms a first slot 7 in the end plate 4 so that the first slot 7 extend from the lower end edge 8 of the end plate 4 and a second slot 9 in the base plate 2 so that the second slot 9 extend from an end edge 10 of the base plate 2.
The console supporting slot 6 is at least partly laterally limited by side plates 11 inside the space 5 of the steel beam 1. The side plates 11 are attached for example by welding to the end plate 4 and to the base plate 2.
By utilizing the side plates 11 attached to the end plate 4 and to the base plate 2 inside the space 5, it is easy to secure the steel beam 1 to a console 16 extending into the console supporting slot 6 so that also horizontal forces can be transferred from the steel beam 1 to the console 16. The side plates 11 also makes it generally easy to secure the steel beam 1 to the console 16.
The steel beam 1 can comprise a top plate 12 that extends between the two web parts 3 and that extends between the two end plates 4. The top plate 12 can extend between the upper edges (not marked with a reference numeral) of the web parts 3, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4. It is also possible that the top plate 12 is arranged on top of the web parts 3, so that the top plate 12 extend in a transversal direction of the steel beam 1 beyond the upper edge of at least one of the two web parts 3. It is also possible that top plate 12 is fastened to at least one of two web parts 3 at a distance from the upper edge of said at least one of the two web parts 3 so that said at least one of the web parts 3 has a free section (not shown in the figures) that extend beyond the top plate 12.
At least one of the two web parts 3 can comprise apertures 13 for feeding concrete (not shown in the figures) into the space 5 to form a steel-concrete-composite beam. If the space 5 is configured to be filled with concrete can at least one reinforcement bar (not shown in the figures) be arranged in the space 5.
On or both of the web parts 3 can extend perpendicularly or in an angle or in an inclined manner with respect to the base plate 2.
The end plates 4 can be arranged essentially perpendicularly to the base plate 2
The side plates 11 are preferably, but not necessarily, arranged essentially perpendicularly to the base plate 2.
The side plates 11 are preferably, but not necessarily, in the form of planar sheets of steel. The side plates 11 can be rectangular.
FIGS. 1, 2 and 7 illustrates a first embodiment of the steel beam 1. In this first embodiment of the steel beam 1, the second slot 9 in the base plate 2 comprises a widened slot section 14 that can be provided at a second closed end 25 of the second slot 9. Alternatively can the widened slot section 14 be provided at a distance from the second closed end 25 of the second slot 9. In this first embodiment of the steel beam 1, the side plates 11 extend between the end plate 4 and the widened slot section 14 of the second slot 9 so that each side plate 11 has a free plate end 26 at the widened slot section 14 of the second slot 9. The advantage of this is that this enables using console 16 having a corresponding widened console section 15 that is designed to be disposed at the widened slot section 14 so that the side plates 11 inside the space 5 of the steel beam 1 are disposed between the end plate 4 of the beam and the widened console section 15 of the console 16 so as to secure the steel beam 1 to the console 16 by means of co-operation between the widened console section 15 of the console 16 and the side plates 11 of the steel beam 1.
In this first embodiment of the steel beam 1, the second slot 9 has preferably, but not necessarily, a uniform width between the end of the steel beam 1 and the widened slot section 14 of the second slot 9.
In this first embodiment of the steel beam 1, the side plates 11 are preferably, but not necessarily identical and the side plates 11 extend preferably, but not necessarily, in parallel at opposite sides of the console supporting slot 6 inside the space 5 of the steel beam 1.
In this first embodiment of the steel beam 1, the widened slot section 14 extend preferably, but not necessarily, in two opposite directions in the base plate 2.
FIGS. 3, 4, and 8 illustrates a second embodiment of the steel beam 1 and FIGS. 5, 6 and 8 illustrates a third embodiment of the steel beam 1.
In the second and third embodiment of the steel beam 1, at least one of the side plates 11 comprises at least one first opening 17 for an external fastening means 22, for example a bolt, as illustrated in FIG. 12. In this second embodiment of the steel beam 1, the side plates 11 are preferably, but not necessarily identical and the side plates 11 extend preferably, but not necessarily, in parallel at opposite sides of the console supporting slot 6 inside the space 5 of the steel beam 1.
Alternatively or additionally can the side plates 11 in this first and third embodiment of the steel beam 1 be connected by a first top plate member 18, as illustrated in FIGS. 18 to 20, and the first top plate member 18 can comprise at least one first opening 17 for an external fastening means 22 such as a bolt.
Alternatively or additionally can the free plate ends 26 of the side plates 11 in this first embodiment of the steel beam 1 be connected by a first end plate member 19, as illustrated in FIGS. 22 to 24, and the first end plate member 19 can comprise at least one first opening 17 for an external fastening means 22, such as a bolt.
It is also possible that a steel beam 1 according to the first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, and 5 is provided with at least one first opening 17 for an external fastening means 22 for example in one of the side plates, in a first top plate member 16, or in an end plate member 19 as presented in connection with the second embodiment of the steel beam 1.
The side plates 11 laterally at least partly limiting the console supporting slot 6 can, as shown in connection with illustrating in FIGS. 28 to 35 a sixth embodiment of the supporting arrangement and in FIGS. 36 to 43 a seventh embodiment of the supporting arrangement, be penetrated by second through holes 31 configured to receive a reinforcement bar 33 passing through the console supporting slot 6. An advantage of this is to provide additional anchoring for the steel beam 1 at the console 16. The reinforcement bar 33 can additionally be anchored in concrete in the space 5 of the steel beam 1 if the space 5 is filled at least partly with concrete. In the sixth embodiment of the supporting arrangement the reinforcement bar 33 is bent to have essentially a U-shape and in the seventh embodiment of the supporting arrangement the reinforcement bar 33 is provided with headed ends (not marked with a reference numeral).0
Next the supporting arrangement for supporting a steel beam 1 at console 16 configured to be arranged at a support structure 27 of a building and some embodiments and variants of the supporting structure will be described in greater detail.
The steel beam 1 comprises a base plate 2, two web parts 3 extending from the base plate 2, and an end plate 4 at opposite ends of the base plate 2 of the steel beam 1.
The web parts 3 can be arranged at the base plate 2 so that at least one elongated supporting surface (not marked with a reference numeral) for example for hollow core slabs is formed at the base plate 2.
The steel beam 1 can be formed by welding together a base plate 2, two web parts 3, and two end plates 4 of steel. Is also possible that at least two of the base plate 2, two web parts 3, and two end plates 4 are produced from a common steel plate by bending.
The base plate 2, the two web parts 3 and the end plates 4 forms a space 5 that is at least partly limited by the base plate 2, the two web parts 3, and the two end plates 4. The space 5 can be configured to be filled with concrete (not shown in the figures). If the space 5 is configured to be filled with concrete can at least one reinforcement bar (not shown in the figures) be arranged in the space 5.
At least one of the ends of the steel beam 1 comprises a console supporting slot 6 extending from said at least one end of the steel beam 1. In the embodiments of the steel beam 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, both ends of the steel beam 1 is provided with a console supporting slot 6 extending from each end of the steel beam 1, but it is possible that only one of the ends of the steel beam 1 is provided with a console supporting slot 6, as in the third embodiment of the steel beam illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6.
The console supporting slot 6 forms a first slot 7 in the end plate 4 so that the first slot 7 extend from the lower end edge 8 of the end plate 4 and a second slot 9 in the base plate 2 so that the second slot 9 extend from an end edge 10 of the base plate 2.
The console supporting slot 6 is laterally limited by side plates 11 inside the space 5 of the steel beam 1. The side plates 11 are attached for example by welding to the end plate 4 and to the base plate 2.
The console 16 extends into the console supporting slot 6 so that a first closed end 28 of the first slot 7 in the end plate 4 of the steel beam 1 is supported on the console 16,
The side plates 11 attached to the end plate 4 and to the base plate 2 are secured to the console 16 inside the space 5 of the steel beam 1.
The advantage of this is an increased ability to transfer horizontal forces from the steel beam 1 to the console 16, because the side plates 11 transfers forces from the steel beam 1 to the console 16 via the end plate 4 and the base plate 2 of the beam. Another advantage is that provision of the side plates 11 makes it possible to easily secure the steel beam 1 to the console 16 in various configurations as illustrated in FIGS. 7 to 22
The steel beam 1 can comprise a top plate 12 that extends between the two web parts 3 and that extends between the two end plates 4. The top plate 12 can extend between the upper edges (not marked with a reference numeral) of the web parts 3, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4. It is also possible that the top plate 12 is arranged on top of the web parts 3, so that the top plate 12 extend in a transversal direction of the steel beam 1 beyond the upper edge of at least one of the web parts 3. It is also possible that top plate 12 is fastened to at least one of two web parts 3 at a distance from the upper edge of said at least one of the two web parts 3 so that said at least one of the web parts 3 has a free section (not shown in the figures) that extend beyond the top plate 12.
At least one of the two web parts 3 can comprise apertures 13 for feeding concrete (not shown in the figures) into the space 5 to form a steel-concrete-composite beam.
On or both of the web parts 3 can extend perpendicularly or in an angle with respect to the base plate 2.
The end plates 4 can be arranged essentially perpendicularly to the base plate 2
The side plates 11 are preferably, but not necessarily, arranged essentially perpendicularly to the base plate 2.
The side plates 11 are preferably, but not necessarily, in the form of planar sheets of steel. The side plates 11 can be rectangular.
The side plates 11 are preferably, but not necessarily identical and the side plates 11 extend preferably, but not necessarily, in parallel at opposite sides of the console supporting slot 6 inside the space 5 of the steel beam 1.
FIGS. 9 to 12 illustrates a first embodiment of the supporting arrangement. In this first embodiment of the steel beam 1, the second slot 9 in the base plate 2 comprises a widened slot section 14 that can be provided at a second closed end 25 of the second slot 9 in the base plate 2 of the steel beam 1 as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12. Alternatively can the widened slot section 14 be provided at a distance from the second closed end 25 of the second slot 9 in the base plate 2 of the steel beam. In this first embodiment of the supporting arrangement, the side plates 11 extend between the end plate 4 and the widened slot section 14 of the second slot 9 in the base plate 2 of the steel beam 1 so that each side plate 11 has a free plate end 26 at the widened slot section 14 of the second slot 9. In this first embodiment of the supporting arrangement, the console 16 has a widened console section 15, which may, as illustrated in FIGS. 9 to 12, be provided at a free console end 29 of the console 16, and the console 16 extend into the console supporting slot 6 so that the side plates 11 being disposed between the end plate 4 of the beam and the widened console section 15. One result of this is that the steel beam 1 will be secured against longitudinal movement with respect to the console 16 because the side plates 11 inside the space 5 of the steel beam 1 and the end plate 4 of the steel beam 1 are disposed between the support structure 27 and the widened console section 15 of the console.
In this first embodiment of the supporting arrangement, the second slot 9 in the base plate 2 of the beam has preferably, but not necessarily, a uniform width between the end of the steel beam 1 and the widened slot section 14 of the second slot 9.
In this first embodiment of the supporting arrangement, the widened slot section 14 extends preferably, but not necessarily, in two opposite directions in the base plate 2 of the steel beam 1.
In this first embodiment of the supporting arrangement, the console 16 has preferably, but not necessarily, a uniform width between the end plate 4 of the steel beam 1 and the widened console section 15.
In this first embodiment of the supporting arrangement, the widened console section 15 of the console 16 is preferably, but not necessarily, in contact with the free plate end 26 of each side plate 11.
In this first embodiment of the supporting arrangement, the widened console section 15 can be formed by a plate means 20 provided and fastened at the free console end 29 of the console 16.
FIGS. 13 to 15 illustrates a second embodiment of the supporting arrangement. In this second embodiment of the supporting arrangement, at least one of the side plates 11 comprises at least one first opening 17 for external fastening means 22 and the console 16 comprises at least one second opening 21 for external fastening means 22. In this second embodiment of the supporting arrangement, said at least one first opening 17 in said at least one of the side plates 11 and said at least one second opening 21 in the console 16 are aligned and an external fastening means 22 passing through said at least one first opening 17 in said at least one of the side plates 11 and said at least one second opening 21 in the console 16.
If the web parts 3 are provided with apertures 13, as illustrated in FIGS. 13 to 16, the first openings 17 in the side plates 11 are preferably, not necessarily, aligned with apertures 13 in the web parts 3 to make it possible to use the apertures 13 in the fastening of the steel beam 1 to the console 16.
FIGS. 17 to 20 illustrates a third embodiment of the supporting arrangement. In this third embodiment of the supporting arrangement, a first top plate member 18 connecting the side plates 11 is provided and at least one first opening 17 is provided in the first top plate member 18. This third embodiment of the supporting arrangement comprises at least one second opening 21 in the console 16. Said at least one second opening 21 in the console 16 can be provided in a second top plate member 23 of the console as illustrated in FIGS. 17 to 20, which second top plate member 23 connecting two parallel console plates 31 of the console 16. In this third embodiment of the supporting arrangement, said at least one first opening 17 in the first top plate member 18 and said at least one second opening 21 in the console 16 are aligned and an external fastening means 22, which in this embodiment is vertical, passes through said at least one first opening 17 in the first top plate member 18 and said at least one second opening 21 in the second top plate member 23. The external fastening means 22 can in this embodiment of the supporting arrangement comprise bolts as illustrated in FIGS. 17 to 20.
FIGS. 21 to 24 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the supporting arrangement. In this third embodiment of the supporting arrangement, a first end plate member 19 connecting the free plate ends 26 of the side plates 11 and least one first opening 17 is provided in the first end plate member 19. This third embodiment of the supporting arrangement comprises at least one second opening 21 in the console 16. Said at least one second opening 21 in the console 16 can be provided in a second end plate member 24 of the console as illustrated in FIGS. 21 to 24, which second end plate member 24 connecting the free ends two parallel console plates 31 of the console 16. In this third embodiment of the supporting arrangement, said at least one first opening 17 in the first end plate member 26 and said least one second opening 21 in the console 16 are aligned and an external fastening means 22, which in this embodiment is essentially horizontal, passes through said at least one first opening 17 in the first end plate member 19 and said least one second opening 21 in the console 16.
The first openings 17 in the side plates 11 and/or the second openings 21 in the console 21 can be elongated slots so as to make it easier to align the first openings 17 in the side plates 11 and the second openings 21 in the console 21.
In the second, third and fourth embodiment of the supporting arrangement, the second slot 9 in the base plate of the beam has preferably, but not necessarily, a uniform width between the end of the steel beam 1 and the second closed end 25 of the second slot 9.
In this second, third and fourth embodiment of the supporting arrangement, the console 16 has preferably, but not necessarily, a uniform width between the end plate 4 of the steel beam 1 and the free console end 29 of the console 16.
In this second, third and fourth embodiment of the supporting arrangement, the width of the console supporting slot 6 corresponds preferably, but not necessarily, to the width of the console 16.
In this second, third and fourth embodiment of the supporting arrangement, the distance between the side plates 11 corresponds preferably, but not necessarily, to the width of the console 16.
FIGS. 25 to 27 shows a fifth embodiment of the supporting arrangement. This fifth embodiment of the supporting arrangement corresponds essentially to the first embodiment of the supporting arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 9 to 12 with the exception that the console 16 extends through the supporting structure 27, which in FIGS. 25 to 27 is column, so that a steel beam 1 can be supported on two opposite sides of the supporting structure 27. In the same way as is illustrated in FIGS. 25 to 27 can the second embodiment of the supporting arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 13 to 16, the third embodiment of the supporting arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 17 to 20, and the third embodiment of the supporting arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 21 to 24 be modified so that the console extends through the supporting structure 27
FIGS. 28 to 35 shows a sixth embodiment of the supporting arrangement and FIGS. 36 to 43 shows a seventh embodiment of the supporting arrangement. In the sixth and in the seventh embodiment of the supporting arrangement, the console 16 is penetrated by at least one first trough hole 30, each of the side plates 11 is penetrated by at least one second through hole 31, and said at least one first through hole 30 in the console 16 and at least one second through hole 31 in each side plate 11 are aligned to form a passage 32 for a reinforcement bar 33 arranged in the passage 32. An advantage of this is to provide additional anchoring for the steel beam 1 at the console 16. The reinforcement bar 33 can additionally be anchored in concrete in the space 5 of the steel beam 1 if the space 5 is filled at least partly with concrete. In the sixth embodiment the reinforcement bar 33 is bent to have essentially a U-shape and in the seventh embodiment the reinforcement bar 33 is provided with headed ends (not marked with a reference numeral).
It is apparent to a person skilled in the art that as technology advanced, the basic idea of the invention can be implemented in various ways. The invention and its embodiments are therefore not restricted to the above examples, but they may vary within the scope of the claims.
Patent Application
20220025636
