The present disclosure relates to an articulated machine having a steering system. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to varying motion parameters of the articulated machine's traction devices to steer the articulated machine.
An articulated work machine, such as a scraper, a wheel loader, and an articulated truck, generally includes a front frame structure and a rear frame structure that may pivot in relation to each other to steer the machine. Typically, actuators, such as hydraulic actuators, are applied in such machines to move the front frame structure and the rear frame structure with respect to each other to enable steering of the articulated machine.
Chinese Publication No. 102874304A relates to a four-wheel independent on-line steering system with multiple steering modes applied to electric vehicles, such as, cars.
In an aspect, the present disclosure relates to an articulated machine. The articulated machine includes a leading frame portion and a trailing frame portion pivotably coupled to each other. Each of the leading frame portion and the trailing frame portion defines a first side and a second side opposite to the first side. The articulated machine further includes at least one first traction device provided on the first side of each of the leading frame portion and the trailing frame portion, and at least one second traction device provided on the second side of each of the leading frame portion and the trailing frame portion. The articulated machine further includes a system to selectively steer the articulated machine towards a first side direction and a second side direction. The system includes a controller configured to receive a steering input and for at least one of the leading frame portion and the trailing frame portion, alter a motion parameter of one of the at least one first traction device and the at least one second traction device with respect to the other of the at least one first traction device and the at least one second traction device, to turn one of the leading frame portion and the trailing frame portion with respect to the other of the leading frame portion and the trailing frame portion.
Reference will now be made in detail to specific embodiments or features, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or the like parts.
Referring to
The machine 100 may include a frame 114. The frame 114 may include a split frame configuration that defines a leading frame portion 118 and a trailing frame portion 120. As an example, and among other parts and sub-systems, the leading frame portion 118 may support an operator cab 116 that houses various parts and systems, including a steering input device 122 for controlling a direction of movement of the machine 100. In some embodiments, for example, in the case of autonomous machine, the steering input device 122 may be positioned external to the machine 100, as shown in
The leading frame portion 118 and the trailing frame portion 120 may be pivotably coupled to each other by way of a hitch system 124 disposed at a hitch location 126. As an example, the hitch system 124 may be disposed in between the leading frame portion 118 and the trailing frame portion 120. By way of the hitch system 124, the leading frame portion 118 may pivot or articulate relative to the trailing frame portion 120, during machine movement, facilitating a steering of the machine 100 during machine movement.
It may be noted that the terms ‘leading’ and ‘trailing’, as used herein, are in relation to an exemplary direction of travel of the machine 100, as represented by arrow, T, in
Each of the leading frame portion 118 and the trailing frame portion 120 define a first side 132 and a second side 134 (shown in
At least one first traction device is provided on the first side 132 of each of the leading frame portion 118 and the trailing frame portion 120. For example, as shown in
Similarly, at least one second traction device is provided on the second side 134 (shown in
As shown in
According to some embodiments, at least one electric motor may be coupled to each of the traction devices 140, 142, 144, 146, 148, 150, e.g., for powering a rotation of the traction devices 140, 142, 144, 146, 148, 150 and for moving the machine 100 over the ground surface 138 of the worksite 110. Given six traction devices 140, 142, 144, 146, 148, 150, the machine 100 may include six corresponding electric motors, e.g., the electric motors 170, 172, 174, 176, 178, 180. Out of the six electric motors 170, 172, 174, 176, 178, 180, first electric motors 170, 172, 174 may be correspondingly coupled to the first traction devices 140, 142, 144 and second electric motors 176, 178, 180 may be correspondingly coupled to the second traction devices 146, 148, 150. Such coupling enables the first electric motors 170, 172, 174 to correspondingly drive the first traction devices 140, 142, 144 and the second electric motors 176, 178, 180 to correspondingly drive the second traction devices 146, 148, 150.
The electric motors 170, 172, 174, 176, 178, 180 may convert electrical energy into mechanical rotational energy that is transferred to the corresponding traction devices 140, 142, 144, 146, 148, 150. In some cases, when the trailing frame portion 120 includes only one first traction device 142 and one second traction device 148 (see
In accordance with various embodiments, the first traction devices 140, 142, 144 may be independently movable of the second traction devices 146, 148, 150 of the machine 100. Further, the first traction devices 140, 142, 144 may be independently movable of each other, as well. Similarly, the second traction devices 146, 148, 150 may also be independently movable of each other. To attain such functionality or independent operation of the traction devices 140, 142, 144, 146, 148, 150, each of the first electric motors 170, 172, 174 and each of the second electric motors 176, 178, 180 may be independently controlled of each other, and they may also be independently controlled amongst themselves. To this end, the first electric motors 170, 172, 174 may respectively drive the first traction devices 140, 142, 144 independently of the second electric motors 176, 178, 180 respectively driving the second traction devices 146, 148, 150. Moreover, the first electric motors 170, 172, 174 may respectively drive the first traction devices 140, 142, 144 independently of each other, as well. Similarly, the second electric motors 176, 178, 180 may also respectively drive the second traction devices 146, 148, 150 independently of each other.
The machine 100 may also include several other parts and sub-systems, such as a power compartment 136. The power compartment 136 may include a power source such as an internal combustion engine or a battery or both, which may produce and supply power to effectuate various functions of the machine 100. Particularly, such a power source may provide electrical power to run the first electric motors 170, 172, 174 and the second electric motors 176, 178, 180 to drive the first traction devices 140, 142, 144 and the second traction devices 146, 148, 150, respectively.
Referring to
The system 200 may include a controller 202 configured to receive a steering input, for example, from the steering input device 122 of the machine 100. The steering input (e.g., a command) provides an indication of steering angle corresponding to a desired directional movement of the machine 100. The steering input device 122 may include a steering wheel, a dial, a joystick, that is operated by an operator to control the direction of the machine 100. In some embodiments, the steering input device 122 may work in conjunction with a steering device sensor (not shown) that may sense a rotation/position of the steering input device and may provide the corresponding steering input (e.g., a corresponding command) to the controller 202 based on the sensed rotation/position.
The controller 202 is configured to, for at least one of the leading frame portion 118 and the trailing frame portion 120, alter a motion parameter of one of the at least one first traction device (for example, the first traction device 140) and the at least one second traction device (for example, the second traction device 146) with respect to the other of the at least one first traction device and the at least one second traction device to turn one of the leading frame portion 118 and the trailing frame portion 120 with respect to the other of the leading frame portion 118 and the trailing frame portion 120. In some embodiments, as shown in
To this end, the controller 202 is configured to control each of the at least one first electric motors (for example, the first electric motor 170) and the at least one second electric motors (for example, the second electric motor 176) to alter the motion parameter of one of the at least one first traction device (for example, the first traction device 140) and the at least one second traction device (for example, the second traction device 146) with respect to the other of the at least one first traction device and the at least one second traction device. In some embodiments, as shown in
In an embodiment, the controller 202 is configured to alter the motion parameter of one of the at least one first traction device (for example, the first traction device 140) and the at least one second traction device (for example, the second traction device 146) by detecting a stationary state of the machine 100 and reversing a rotational direction of one of the at least one first traction devices and the at least one second traction devices with respect to the other of the at least one first traction device and the at least one second traction device upon detecting the stationary state of the machine 100. The controller 202 may be configured to determine the stationary state of the machine 100, for example, through an accelerometer or engine electronic control module (not shown).
For example, as shown in
In some embodiments, as shown in
For example, as shown in
In some embodiments, as shown in
In another embodiment, to alter the motion parameter of one of the at least one first traction device 140, 142 and the at least one second traction device 146, 148 with respect to the other of the at least one first traction device 140, 142, and the at least one second traction device 146, 148, the controller 202 is configured to change a rotational speed of one of the at least one first traction device 140, 142 and the at least one second traction device 146, 148 with respect to the other of the at least one first traction device 140, 142 and the at least one second traction device 146, 148.
For example, during machine travel exemplarily along direction of travel, T, and when the machine 100 is not in a stationary state, to steer the machine 100 towards the first side direction 162, the controller 202 is configured to increase a rotational speed of the second traction device 146 with respect to the first traction device 140 provided correspondingly at the second side 134 and first side 132 of the leading frame portion 118 and/or decrease a rotational speed of the first traction device 140 with respect to the second traction device 146 provided correspondingly at the first side 132 and second side 134 of the leading frame portion 118. This arrangement enables the turning of the leading frame portion 118 with respect to the trailing frame portion 120, and thus the steering of the machine 100 towards the first side direction 162.
Additionally, in an embodiment, to steer the machine 100 towards the first side direction 162, the controller 202 is configured to decrease a rotational speed of the second traction device 148 with respect to the first traction device 142 provided correspondingly at the second side 134 and first side 132 of the trailing frame portion 120 and/or increase a rotational speed of the first traction device 142 with respect to the second traction device 148 provided correspondingly at the first side 132 and second side 134 of the trailing frame portion 120.
For example, during machine travel exemplarily along the direction of travel, T, to steer the machine 100 towards the second side direction 164, the controller 202 is configured to increase a rotational speed of the first traction device 140 with respect to the second traction device 146 provided correspondingly at the first side 132 and second side 134 of the leading frame portion 118 and/or decrease a rotational speed of the second traction device 146 with respect to the first traction device 140 provided correspondingly at the second side 134 and first side 132 of the leading frame portion 118. This arrangement enables the turning of the leading frame portion 118 with respect to the trailing frame portion 120, and thus the steering of the machine 100 towards the second side direction 164.
Additionally, to steer the machine 100 towards the second side direction 164, the controller 202 is configured to decrease a rotational speed of the first traction device 142 with respect to the second traction device 148 provided correspondingly at the first side 132 and second side 134 of the trailing frame portion 120 and/or increase a rotational speed of the second traction device 148 with respect to the at least one first traction device 142 provided correspondingly at the second side 134 and first side 132 of the trailing frame portion 120.
The controller 202 may be one or more processors, a microprocessor, a microcontroller, an electronic control module (ECM), an electronic control unit (ECU), or any other suitable means for controlling the electric motors 170, 172, 174, 176, 178, 180. The controller may be implemented using one or more controller technologies, such as Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) technology, Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) technology or any other similar technology now known or developed in the future.
During a straight line travel of the machine 100, 100′ (e.g., exemplarily along the direction of travel, T,), the leading frame portion 118 is aligned (i.e., in line) with respect to the trailing frame portion 120. However, during a steering of the machine 100 either towards the left side direction of the machine 100, 100′ or towards the right side direction of the machine 100, 100′, the leading frame portion 118 of the machine 100, 100′ may articulate or be pivoted relative to the trailing frame portion 120 of the machine 100, 100′.
With the system 200 of the present disclosure, the pivoting of the leading frame portion 118 relative to the trailing frame portion 120 of the machine 100, 100′ can be performed by controlling the electric motors 170, 172, 176, 178 and, more particularly, by suitably altering the motion parameters of the respective traction devices 140, 142, 146, 148 of the leading frame portion 118 and the trailing frame portion 120, as described in detail above. With the employment of electric motors, a need to incorporate a separate system (e.g., an Ackerman steering system or a system dedicated to turn the leading frame portion with respect to the trailing frame portion, such as by hydraulic actuation) to steer the machine 100 is not needed, thus reducing the number of parts (e.g., linkages, fasteners, pumps, cylinders, valves, hoses, fluid reservoirs, etc., as may be commonly found in customary steering systems) in the machine 100 and thus also reducing the bulk and complexity of the machine 100. Moreover, reduced parts commensurately implies reduced cost to produce, procure, and maintain the machine 100.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the method and/or system of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the method and/or system disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims and their equivalent.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2304426.6 | Mar 2023 | GB | national |