1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a stent mounting device and a method of coating a stent using the device.
2. Description of the Background
Blood vessel occlusions are commonly treated by mechanically enhancing blood flow in the affected vessels, such as by employing a stent. Stents act as scaffoldings, functioning to physically hold open and, if desired, to expand the wall of the passageway. Typically stents are capable of being compressed, so that they can be inserted through small lumens via catheters, and then expanded to a larger diameter once they are at the desired location. Examples in the patent literature disclosing stents include U.S. Pat. No. 4,733,665 issued to Palmaz, U.S. Pat. No. 4,800,882 issued to Gianturco, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,886,062 issued to Wiktor.
Stents are used not only for mechanical intervention but also as vehicles for providing biological therapy. Biological therapy can be achieved by medicating the stents. Medicated stents provide for the local administration of a therapeutic substance at the diseased site. Local delivery of a therapeutic substance is a preferred method of treatment because the substance is concentrated at a specific site and thus smaller total levels of medication can be administered in comparison to systemic dosages that often produce adverse or even toxic side effects for the patient.
One method of medicating a stent involves the use of a polymeric carrier coated onto the surface of the stent. A composition including a solvent, a polymer dissolved in the solvent, and a therapeutic substance dispersed in the blend is applied to the stent by immersing the stent in the composition or by spraying the composition onto the stent. The solvent is allowed to evaporate, leaving on the stent strut surfaces a coating of the polymer and the therapeutic substance impregnated in the polymer.
A shortcoming of the above-described method of medicating a stent is the potential for coating defects. While some coating defects can be minimized by adjusting the coating parameters, other defects occur due to the nature of the interface between the stent and the apparatus on which the stent is supported during the coating process. A high degree of surface contact between the stent and the supporting apparatus can provide regions in which the liquid composition can flow, wick, and collect as the composition is applied. As the solvent evaporates, the excess composition hardens to form excess coating at and around the contact points between the stent and the supporting apparatus. Upon the removal of the coated stent from the supporting apparatus, the excess coating may stick to the apparatus, thereby removing some of the coating from the stent and leaving bare areas. Alternatively, the excess coating may stick to the stent, thereby leaving excess coating as clumps or pools on the struts or webbing between the struts.
Thus, it is desirable to minimize the amount of coating material that is deposited on the interface between the stent and the apparatus supporting the stent during the coating process to minimize coating defects. Accordingly, the present invention provides for a device for supporting a stent during the coating application process. The invention also provides for a method of coating the stent supported by the device.
The present invention provides an apparatus for supporting a stent. The apparatus includes a mounting assembly for supporting a stent during a process of applying a coating substance to the stent. The mounting assembly prevents the formation of the coating or at least minimizes the amount or thickness of the coating that can be formed on the regions of the stent where the mounting assembly is in contact with the stent.
In one embodiment, the mounting assembly includes a mounting member for supporting the stent and a shield member for providing a barrier between a selected area of the stent and a coating applicator. In another embodiment, the mounting assembly includes a first member for supporting the stent at a first end, a second member for supporting the stent at a second end, a third member connecting the first member to the second member and extending through the longitudinal bore of the stent, and a shield member for providing a barrier between a selected area of the stent and a coating applicator.
In still another embodiment, the mounting assembly includes a shielding member capping over one end of the stent without being in contact with the surface of the stent. In another embodiment, the mounting assembly includes a mounting member for supporting the stent and a shield member supported by the mounting member for creating a barrier between a portion of the stent and a coating applicator. In such an embodiment, the position of the shield member on the mounting member can be adjusted so as to allow a user to modify the area over which the shield member covers the stent.
In yet another embodiment, the mounting assembly includes a first member having a first coning end that can be at least partially inserted within a first end of the stent and a second member having a second coning end that can be at least partially inserted within an opposing second end of the stent, the coning ends being in contact with the ends of the stent. In such an embodiment, the mounting assembly further includes a third member connecting the first member to the second member and shielding members supported by the first and second members for reducing or eliminating the amount of the coating substance that is applied to the first and second ends of the stent.
Also provided is an assembly for supporting a stent during the coating process. The assembly includes means for minimizing or eliminating the amount of coating material that can be applied to a designated area of the stent during the coating process. In one embodiment, the means is defined by a hollow body capable of surrounding a region of the stent without being in contact with the surface of the stent. In another embodiment, the amount of coating material can be minimized or eliminated at the regions where the stent is in contact with the assembly.
The present invention additionally provides a method of coating a stent. The method includes mounting a stent on a support assembly, wherein the support assembly is configured to reduce or eliminate the amount of coating that is applied to the regions where the stent is in contact with the support assembly. The method also includes applying a coating material to the stent for forming a coating.
In one embodiment, the act of applying includes spraying the coating material onto the stent. In another embodiment, the act of applying a coating includes applying the coating material to a stent while rotating the stent about the longitudinal axis of the stent. In another embodiment, the act of applying a coating includes applying the coating material to a stent while moving the stent in a linear direction about the longitudinal axis of the stent.
Referring to
Referring to
The outer diameter of mandrel 24 can be smaller than the inner diameter of stent 10 so as to prevent the outer surface of mandrel 24 from making contact with the inner surface of stent 10. A sufficient clearance between the outer surface of mandrel 24 and the inner surface of stent 10 should be provided to prevent mandrel 24 from obstructing the pattern of the stent body during the coating process. By way of example, the outer diameter of mandrel 24 can be from about 0.010 inches (0.254 mm) to about 0.017 inches (0.432 mm) when stent 10 has an inner diameter of between about 0.025 inches (0.635 mm) and about 0.035 inches (0.889 mm).
Lock member 26 includes a coning end portion 42 having an inwardly tapered angle φ2. Angle φ2 can be the same as or different than the above-described angle φ1. A second end 44 of mandrel 24 can be permanently affixed to lock member 26 if end 40 is disengagable from support member 22. Alternatively, in accordance with another embodiment, mandrel 24 can have a threaded second end 44 for screwing into a bore 46 of lock member 26. Bore 46 can be of any suitable depth that would allow lock member 26 to be incrementally moved closer to support member 22. Bore 46 can also extend completely through lock member 26. Accordingly, stents 10 of any length can be securely pinched between support and lock members 22 and 26. In accordance with yet another embodiment, a non-threaded second end 44 and bore 46 combination is employed such that second end 44 can be press-fitted or friction-fitted within bore 46 to prevent movement of stent 10 on mounting assembly 20.
Mounting assembly 20 supports stent 10 via coning end portions 36 and 42.
Shields 28A and 28B provide a circumferential barrier around the peripheral ends of stent 10, particularly over the area where stent 10 is in physical contact with coning end portions 36 and 42. Shields 28A and 28B can be permanently affixed to support member 22 and/or lock member 26. Alternatively, in a more useful commercial embodiment, shields 28A and 28B can be adjustably supported by members 22 and/or 26.
In one embodiment, shields 28A and 28B can be defined by a hollow body 48 having a first section or overhang 50 that is configured to extend over at least a portion of stent 10. Overhang 50 should have an inner diameter d1 that is larger than the outer diameter of stent 10, in a mount position on mounting assembly 20, so as to create a sufficient gap 52 between shields 28A and 28B and the outer surface of stent 10 for eliminating any contact with the deposited coating. Gap 52 can be from about 0.003 inches (0.08 mm) to about 0.08 inches (about 2.03 mm), typically about 0.04 inches (about 1.02 mm), in measurement. Care should be taken, however, to ensure that gaps 52 are not so large as to allow the composition to access the stent 10-mounting assembly 20 interface.
Hollow body 48 can also include a second section 54 for adjustably receiving the non-coned portions of members 22 and 26. For example, second section 54 and non-coned portions of support and lock members 22 and 26 can be threaded such that the clockwise or counterclockwise rotation of shields 28A and 28B would allow the user to move shields 28A and 28B towards or away from stent 10. Thus, the area over stent 10 that is sheltered by overhang 50 can be adjusted. Hollow body 48 and second section 54 can also be integral parts of the non-coned portions of support and lock members 22 and 26.
Shields 28A and 28B function to minimize coating defects at the ends of stent 10 by limiting or eliminating the application of the coating substance to the ends of stent 10. The presence of shields 28A and 28B causes the coating to be thinner (or completely eliminated) on the surface of stent 10 over which shields 28A and 28B are hung, as compared to the surface of stent 10 that is not screened by shields 28A and 28B. Accordingly, the area of stent 10 over which shields 28A and 28B are extended should be selected to yield a suitable balance between reduction of the potential for coating defects at the ends of stent 10 and uniformity of the coating thickness. Further, appropriate selection of gap 52 and overhang 50, taking into account the distance between the spray nozzle and stent 10, can facilitate a gradual decrease in the coating thickness at the ends of stent 10 beneath overhang 50 as opposed to an abrupt void of coating near the shielded stent ends.
The following method of application is being provided by way of illustration and is not intended to limit the embodiments of mounting assembly 20 of the present invention. A spray apparatus, such as EFD 780S spray device with VALVEMATE 7040 control system (manufactured by EFD Inc., East Providence, R.I.), can be used to apply a composition to a stent. EFD 780S spray device is an air-assisted external mixing atomizer. The composition is atomized into small droplets by air and uniformly applied to the stent surfaces. The atomization pressure can be maintained at a range of about 5 psi to about 20 psi. The droplet size depends on such factors as viscosity of the solution, surface tension of the solvent, and atomization pressure. Other types of spray applicators, including air-assisted internal mixing atomizers and ultrasonic applicators, can also be used for the application of the composition.
During the application of the composition, a stent supported by mounting assembly 20 can be rotated about the stent's central longitudinal axis. Rotation of the stent can be from about 1 rpm to about 300 rpm, more narrowly from about 50 rpm to about 150 rpm. By way of example, the stent can rotate at about 120 rpm. The stent can also be moved in a linear direction along the same axis. The stent can be moved at about 1 mm/second to about 12 mm/second, for example about 6 mm/second, or for a minimum of at least two passes (i.e., back and forth past the spray nozzle). The flow rate of the solution from the spray nozzle can be from about 0.01 mg/second to about 1.0 mg/second, more narrowly about 0.1 mg/second. Multiple repetitions for applying the composition can be performed, wherein each repetition can be, for example, about 1 second to about 10 seconds in duration. The amount of coating applied by each repetition can be about 0.1 micrograms/cm2 (of stent surface) to about 10 micrograms/cm2, for example less than about 2 micrograms/cm2 per 5-second spray.
Each repetition can be followed by removal of a significant amount of the solvent(s). Depending on the volatility of the particular solvent employed, the solvent can evaporate essentially upon contact with the stent. Alternatively, removal of the solvent can be induced by baking the stent in an oven at a mild temperature (e.g., 60° C.) for a suitable duration of time (e.g., 2–4 hours) or by the application of warm air. The application of warm air between each repetition minimizes coating defects and minimizes interaction between the active agent and the solvent. The temperature of the warm air can be from about 30° C. to about 60° C., more narrowly from about 40° C. to about 50° C. The flow rate of the warm air can be from about 20 cubic feet/minute (CFM) (0.57 cubic meters/minute (CMM)) to about 80 CFM (2.27 CMM), more narrowly about 30 CFM (0.85 CMM) to about 40 CFM (1.13 CMM). The warm air can be applied for about 3 seconds to about 60 seconds, more narrowly for about 10 seconds to about 20 seconds. By way of example, warm air applications can be performed at a temperature of about 50° C., at a flow rate of about 40 CFM, and for about 10 seconds. Any suitable number of repetitions of applying the composition followed by removing the solvent(s) can be performed to form a coating of a desired thickness or weight. Excessive application of the polymer in a single repetition can, however, cause coating defects.
Operations such as wiping, centrifugation, or other web clearing acts can also be performed to achieve a more uniform coating. Briefly, wiping refers to the physical removal of excess coating from the surface of the stent; and centrifugation refers to rapid rotation of the stent about an axis of rotation. The excess coating can also be vacuumed off of the surface of the stent.
In accordance with one embodiment, the stent can be at least partially pre-expanded prior to the application of the composition. For example, the stent can be radially expanded about 20% to about 60%, more narrowly about 27% to about 55%—the measurement being taken from the stent's inner diameter at an expanded position as compared to the inner diameter at the unexpanded position. The expansion of the stent, for increasing the interspace between the stent struts during the application of the composition, can further prevent “cob web” formation between the stent struts.
In accordance with one embodiment, the composition can include a solvent and a polymer dissolved in the solvent and optionally a wetting fluid. The composition can also include active agents, radiopaque elements, or radioactive isotopes. Representative examples of polymers that can be used to coat a stent include ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (commonly known by the generic name EVOH or by the trade name EVAL), poly(hydroxyvalerate); poly(L-lactic acid); polycaprolactone; poly(lactide-co-glycolide); poly(hydroxybutyrate); poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate); polydioxanone; polyorthoester; polyanhydride; poly(glycolic acid); poly(D,L-lactic acid); poly(glycolic acid-co-trimethylene carbonate); polyphosphoester; polyphosphoester urethane; poly(amino acids); cyanoacrylates; poly(trimethylene carbonate); poly(iminocarbonate); copoly(etheresters) (e.g. PEO/PLA); polyalkylene oxalates; polyphosphazenes; biomolecules, such as fibrin, fibrinogen, cellulose, starch, collagen and hyaluronic acid; polyurethanes; silicones; polyesters; polyolefins; polyisobutylene and ethylene-alphaolefin copolymers; acrylic polymers and copolymers; vinyl halide polymers and copolymers, such as polyvinyl chloride; polyvinyl ethers, such as polyvinyl methyl ether; polyvinylidene halides, such as polyvinylidene fluoride and polyvinylidene chloride; polyacrylonitrile; polyvinyl ketones; polyvinyl aromatics, such as polystyrene; polyvinyl esters, such as polyvinyl acetate; copolymers of vinyl monomers with each other and olefins, such as ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymers, acrylonitrilestyrene copolymers, ABS resins, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers; polyamides, such as Nylon 66 and polycaprolactam; alkyd resins; polycarbonates; polyoxymethylenes; polyimides; polyethers; epoxy resins; polyurethanes; rayon; rayon-triacetate; cellulose; cellulose acetate; cellulose butyrate; cellulose acetate butyrate; cellophane; cellulose nitrate; cellulose propionate; cellulose ethers; and carboxymethyl cellulose.
“Solvent” is defined as a liquid substance or composition that is compatible with the polymer and is capable of dissolving the polymer at the concentration desired in the composition. Examples of solvents include, but are not limited to, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), chloroform, acetone, water (buffered saline), xylene, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, tetrahydrofuran, 1-butanone, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, cyclohexanone, ethyl acetate, methylethylketone, propylene glycol monomethylether, isopropanol, isopropanol admixed with water, N-methyl pyrrolidinone, toluene, and combinations thereof.
Wetting fluid can be used to enhance the wetting of the composition or to increase the capillary permeation of the composition. Capillary permeation is the movement of a fluid on a solid substrate driven by interfacial energetics. Capillary permeation is quantitated by a contact angle, defined as an angle at the tangent of a droplet in a fluid phase that has taken an equilibrium shape on a solid surface. A low contact angle means a higher wetting liquid. A suitably high capillary permeation corresponds to a contact angle less than about 90°. Representative examples of wetting fluid include tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethylformamide (DMF), 1-butanol, and n-butyl acetate.
The active agent could be for inhibiting the activity of vascular smooth muscle cells. More specifically, the active agent can be aimed at inhibiting abnormal or inappropriate migration and/or proliferation of smooth muscle cells for the inhibition of restenosis. The active agent can also include any substance capable of exerting a therapeutic or prophylactic effect in the practice of the present invention. For example, the agent can be for enhancing wound healing in a vascular site or improving the structural and elastic properties of the vascular site. Examples of agents include antiproliferative substances such as actinomycin D, or derivatives and analogs thereof (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich 1001 West Saint Paul Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53233; or COSMEGEN available from Merck). Synonyms of actinomycin D include dactinomycin, actinomycin IV, actinomycin I1, actinomycin X1, and actinomycin C1. The active agent can also fall under the genus of antineoplastic, antiinflammatory, antiplatelet, anticoagulant, antifibrin, antithrombin, antimitotic, antibiotic, antiallergic and antioxidant substances. Examples of such antineoplastics and/or antimitotics include paclitaxel (e.g. TAXOL® by Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Stamford, Conn.), docetaxel (e.g. Taxotere®, from Aventis S.A., Frankfurt, Germany), methotrexate, azathioprine, vincristine, vinbiastine, fluorouracil, doxorubicin hydrochloride (e.g. Adriamycin® from Pharmacia & Upjohn, Peapack N.J.), and mitomycin (e.g. Mutamycin® from Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Stamford, Conn.). Examples of such antiplatelets, anticoagulants, antifibrins, and antithrombins include sodium heparin, low molecular weight heparins, heparinoids, hirudin, argatroban, forskolin, vapiprost, prostacyclin and prostacyclin analogues, dextran, D-phe-pro-arg-chloromethylketone (synthetic antithrombin), dipyridamole, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa platelet membrane receptor antagonist antibody, recombinant hirudin, and thrombin inhibitors such as Angiomax™ (Biogen, Inc., Cambridge, Mass.). Examples of such cytostatic or antiproliferative agents include angiopeptin, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors such as captopril (e.g. Capoten® and Capozide® from Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Stamford, Conn.), cilazapril or lisinopril (e.g. Prinivil® and Prinzide® from Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, N.J.), calcium channel blockers (such as nifedipine), colchicine, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) antagonists, fish oil (omega 3-fatty acid), histamine antagonists, lovastatin (an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, a cholesterol lowering drug, brand name Mevacor® from Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, N.J.), monoclonal antibodies (such as those specific for Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) receptors), nitroprusside, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, prostaglandin inhibitors, suramin, serotonin blockers, steroids, thioprotease inhibitors, triazolopyrimidine (a PDGF antagonist), and nitric oxide. An example of an antiallergic agent is permirolast potassium. Other therapeutic substances or agents which may be appropriate include alpha-interferon, genetically engineered epithelial cells, rapamycin and dexamethasone. Exposure of the active ingredient to the composition should not adversely alter the active ingredient's composition or characteristic. Accordingly, the particular active ingredient is selected for compatibility with the solvent or blended polymer-solvent.
Examples of radiopaque elements include, but are not limited to, gold, tantalum, and platinum. An example of a radioactive isotope is P32. Sufficient amounts of such substances may be dispersed in the composition such that the substances are not present in the composition as agglomerates or flocs.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications can be made without departing from this invention in its broader aspects. Therefore, the appended claims are to encompass within their scope all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of this invention.
This is a divisional application of U.S. Ser. No. 09/896,436, which was filed on Jun. 28, 2001 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,565,659.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
2072303 | Hermann et al. | Mar 1937 | A |
2386454 | Frosch et al. | Oct 1945 | A |
2647017 | Coulliette | Jul 1953 | A |
2701559 | Cooper | Feb 1955 | A |
3288728 | Gorham | Nov 1966 | A |
3687135 | Stroganov et al. | Aug 1972 | A |
3773737 | Goodman et al. | Nov 1973 | A |
3839743 | Schwarcz | Oct 1974 | A |
3849514 | Gray, Jr. et al. | Nov 1974 | A |
3900632 | Robinson | Aug 1975 | A |
4075045 | Rideout | Feb 1978 | A |
4104410 | Malecki | Aug 1978 | A |
4110497 | Hoel | Aug 1978 | A |
4132357 | Blackinton | Jan 1979 | A |
4164524 | Ward et al. | Aug 1979 | A |
4226243 | Shalaby et al. | Oct 1980 | A |
4321711 | Mano | Mar 1982 | A |
4323071 | Simpson et al. | Apr 1982 | A |
4329383 | Joh | May 1982 | A |
4338942 | Fogarty | Jul 1982 | A |
4343931 | Barrows | Aug 1982 | A |
4346028 | Griffith | Aug 1982 | A |
4439185 | Lundquist | Mar 1984 | A |
4489670 | Mosser et al. | Dec 1984 | A |
4516972 | Samson | May 1985 | A |
4529792 | Barrows | Jul 1985 | A |
4538622 | Samson et al. | Sep 1985 | A |
4554929 | Samson et al. | Nov 1985 | A |
4573470 | Samson et al. | Mar 1986 | A |
4596574 | Urist | Jun 1986 | A |
4599085 | Riess et al. | Jul 1986 | A |
4608984 | Fogarty | Sep 1986 | A |
4611051 | Hayes et al. | Sep 1986 | A |
4612009 | Drobnik et al. | Sep 1986 | A |
4616593 | Kawamura et al. | Oct 1986 | A |
4616652 | Simpson | Oct 1986 | A |
4629563 | Wrasidlo | Dec 1986 | A |
4633873 | Dumican et al. | Jan 1987 | A |
4638805 | Powell | Jan 1987 | A |
4656083 | Hoffman et al. | Apr 1987 | A |
4656242 | Swan et al. | Apr 1987 | A |
4699611 | Bowden | Oct 1987 | A |
4702252 | Brooks et al. | Oct 1987 | A |
4718907 | Karwoski et al. | Jan 1988 | A |
4722335 | Vilasi | Feb 1988 | A |
4723549 | Wholey et al. | Feb 1988 | A |
4732152 | Wallstén et al. | Mar 1988 | A |
4733665 | Palmaz | Mar 1988 | A |
4739762 | Palmaz | Apr 1988 | A |
4740207 | Kreamer | Apr 1988 | A |
4743252 | Martin, Jr. et al. | May 1988 | A |
4748982 | Horzewski et al. | Jun 1988 | A |
4768507 | Fischell et al. | Sep 1988 | A |
4774039 | Wrasidlo | Sep 1988 | A |
4776337 | Palmaz | Oct 1988 | A |
4800882 | Gianturco | Jan 1989 | A |
4816339 | Tu et al. | Mar 1989 | A |
4818559 | Hama et al. | Apr 1989 | A |
4828561 | Woodroof | May 1989 | A |
4850999 | Planck | Jul 1989 | A |
4865870 | Hu et al. | Sep 1989 | A |
4871542 | Vilhardt | Oct 1989 | A |
4877030 | Beck et al. | Oct 1989 | A |
4878906 | Lindemann et al. | Nov 1989 | A |
4879135 | Greco et al. | Nov 1989 | A |
4880683 | Stow | Nov 1989 | A |
4882168 | Casey et al. | Nov 1989 | A |
4886062 | Wiktor | Dec 1989 | A |
4902289 | Yannas | Feb 1990 | A |
4906423 | Frisch | Mar 1990 | A |
4931287 | Bae et al. | Jun 1990 | A |
4932353 | Kawata et al. | Jun 1990 | A |
4941870 | Okada et al. | Jul 1990 | A |
4943346 | Mattelin | Jul 1990 | A |
4950227 | Savin et al. | Aug 1990 | A |
4955899 | Della Corna et al. | Sep 1990 | A |
4967606 | Wells et al. | Nov 1990 | A |
4977901 | Ofstead | Dec 1990 | A |
4988356 | Crittenden et al. | Jan 1991 | A |
4994033 | Shockey et al. | Feb 1991 | A |
4994298 | Yasuda | Feb 1991 | A |
4994560 | Kruper, Jr. et al. | Feb 1991 | A |
5015505 | Cetnar | May 1991 | A |
5019090 | Pinchuk | May 1991 | A |
5019096 | Fox, Jr. et al. | May 1991 | A |
5028597 | Kodama et al. | Jul 1991 | A |
5037392 | Hillstead | Aug 1991 | A |
5037427 | Harada et al. | Aug 1991 | A |
5040548 | Yock | Aug 1991 | A |
5047050 | Arpesani | Sep 1991 | A |
5049132 | Shaffer et al. | Sep 1991 | A |
5053048 | Pinchuk | Oct 1991 | A |
5059166 | Fischell | Oct 1991 | A |
5059169 | Zilber | Oct 1991 | A |
5059211 | Stack et al. | Oct 1991 | A |
5062829 | Pryor et al. | Nov 1991 | A |
5064435 | Porter | Nov 1991 | A |
5078720 | Burton et al. | Jan 1992 | A |
5081394 | Morishita et al. | Jan 1992 | A |
5084065 | Weldon et al. | Jan 1992 | A |
5085629 | Goldberg et al. | Feb 1992 | A |
5087244 | Wolinsky et al. | Feb 1992 | A |
5087394 | Keith | Feb 1992 | A |
5100429 | Sinofsky et al. | Mar 1992 | A |
5100992 | Cohn et al. | Mar 1992 | A |
5102402 | Dror et al. | Apr 1992 | A |
5104410 | Chowdhary | Apr 1992 | A |
5108416 | Ryan et al. | Apr 1992 | A |
5108417 | Sawyer | Apr 1992 | A |
5108755 | Daniels et al. | Apr 1992 | A |
5112457 | Marchant | May 1992 | A |
5116318 | Hillstead | May 1992 | A |
5116365 | Hillstead | May 1992 | A |
5123917 | Lee | Jun 1992 | A |
5127362 | Iwatsu et al. | Jul 1992 | A |
5133742 | Pinchuk | Jul 1992 | A |
5134192 | Feijen et al. | Jul 1992 | A |
5147370 | McNamara et al. | Sep 1992 | A |
5156623 | Hakamatsuka et al. | Oct 1992 | A |
5156911 | Stewart | Oct 1992 | A |
5158548 | Lau et al. | Oct 1992 | A |
5163951 | Pinchuk et al. | Nov 1992 | A |
5163952 | Froix | Nov 1992 | A |
5163958 | Pinchuk | Nov 1992 | A |
5165919 | Sasaki et al. | Nov 1992 | A |
5167614 | Tessmann et al. | Dec 1992 | A |
5171445 | Zepf | Dec 1992 | A |
5176638 | Don Michael | Jan 1993 | A |
5188734 | Zepf | Feb 1993 | A |
5192311 | King et al. | Mar 1993 | A |
5197977 | Hoffman, Jr. et al. | Mar 1993 | A |
5205822 | Johnson et al. | Apr 1993 | A |
5213561 | Weinstein et al. | May 1993 | A |
5213576 | Abiuso et al. | May 1993 | A |
5219980 | Swidler | Jun 1993 | A |
5222971 | Willard et al. | Jun 1993 | A |
5225750 | Higuchi et al. | Jul 1993 | A |
5226889 | Sheiban | Jul 1993 | A |
5226913 | Pinchuk | Jul 1993 | A |
5229045 | Soldani | Jul 1993 | A |
5229172 | Cahalan et al. | Jul 1993 | A |
5232444 | Just et al. | Aug 1993 | A |
5234456 | Silvestrini | Aug 1993 | A |
5234457 | Andersen | Aug 1993 | A |
5236447 | Kubo et al. | Aug 1993 | A |
5242399 | Lau et al. | Sep 1993 | A |
5254089 | Wang | Oct 1993 | A |
5254091 | Aliahmad et al. | Oct 1993 | A |
5258020 | Froix | Nov 1993 | A |
5258419 | Rolando et al. | Nov 1993 | A |
5269802 | Garber | Dec 1993 | A |
5272012 | Opolski | Dec 1993 | A |
5278200 | Coury et al. | Jan 1994 | A |
5279594 | Jackson | Jan 1994 | A |
5282823 | Schwartz et al. | Feb 1994 | A |
5282860 | Matsuno et al. | Feb 1994 | A |
5286254 | Shapland et al. | Feb 1994 | A |
5289831 | Bosley | Mar 1994 | A |
5290271 | Jernberg | Mar 1994 | A |
5292516 | Viegas et al. | Mar 1994 | A |
5298260 | Viegas et al. | Mar 1994 | A |
5300295 | Viegas et al. | Apr 1994 | A |
5304200 | Spaulding | Apr 1994 | A |
5306250 | March et al. | Apr 1994 | A |
5306286 | Stack et al. | Apr 1994 | A |
5306294 | Winston et al. | Apr 1994 | A |
5306501 | Viegas et al. | Apr 1994 | A |
5306786 | Moens et al. | Apr 1994 | A |
5308641 | Cahalan et al. | May 1994 | A |
5314472 | Fontaine | May 1994 | A |
5318531 | Leone | Jun 1994 | A |
5328471 | Slepian | Jul 1994 | A |
5330500 | Song | Jul 1994 | A |
5330768 | Park et al. | Jul 1994 | A |
5336518 | Narayanan et al. | Aug 1994 | A |
5342283 | Good | Aug 1994 | A |
5342348 | Kaplan | Aug 1994 | A |
5342395 | Jarrett et al. | Aug 1994 | A |
5342621 | Eury | Aug 1994 | A |
5344426 | Lau et al. | Sep 1994 | A |
5344455 | Keogh et al. | Sep 1994 | A |
5350800 | Verhoeven et al. | Sep 1994 | A |
5356433 | Rowland et al. | Oct 1994 | A |
5360401 | Turnland et al. | Nov 1994 | A |
5360443 | Barone et al. | Nov 1994 | A |
5364354 | Walker et al. | Nov 1994 | A |
5366504 | Andersen et al. | Nov 1994 | A |
5368560 | Rambo et al. | Nov 1994 | A |
5370684 | Vallana et al. | Dec 1994 | A |
5380299 | Fearnot et al. | Jan 1995 | A |
5383925 | Schmitt | Jan 1995 | A |
5383927 | DeGoicoechea et al. | Jan 1995 | A |
5385580 | Schmitt | Jan 1995 | A |
5387450 | Stewart | Feb 1995 | A |
5389106 | Tower | Feb 1995 | A |
5399666 | Ford | Mar 1995 | A |
5405472 | Leone | Apr 1995 | A |
5409495 | Osborn | Apr 1995 | A |
5411466 | Hess | May 1995 | A |
5411477 | Saab | May 1995 | A |
5412035 | Schmitt et al. | May 1995 | A |
5415938 | Cahalan et al. | May 1995 | A |
5417981 | Endo et al. | May 1995 | A |
5423849 | Engelson et al. | Jun 1995 | A |
5423885 | Williams | Jun 1995 | A |
5429618 | Keogh | Jul 1995 | A |
5441515 | Khosravi et al. | Aug 1995 | A |
5443458 | Eury et al. | Aug 1995 | A |
5443496 | Schwartz et al. | Aug 1995 | A |
5443500 | Sigwart | Aug 1995 | A |
5445646 | Euteneuer et al. | Aug 1995 | A |
5447724 | Helmus et al. | Sep 1995 | A |
5451233 | Yock | Sep 1995 | A |
5455040 | Marchant | Oct 1995 | A |
5456661 | Narciso, Jr. | Oct 1995 | A |
5456713 | Chuter | Oct 1995 | A |
5458615 | Klemm et al. | Oct 1995 | A |
5460610 | Don Michael | Oct 1995 | A |
5462990 | Hubbell et al. | Oct 1995 | A |
5464450 | Buscemi et al. | Nov 1995 | A |
5464650 | Berg et al. | Nov 1995 | A |
5470313 | Crocker et al. | Nov 1995 | A |
5470603 | Staniforth et al. | Nov 1995 | A |
5476476 | Hillstead | Dec 1995 | A |
5476509 | Keogh et al. | Dec 1995 | A |
5485496 | Lee et al. | Jan 1996 | A |
5496346 | Horzewski et al. | Mar 1996 | A |
5500013 | Buscemi et al. | Mar 1996 | A |
5501227 | Yock | Mar 1996 | A |
5502158 | Sinclair et al. | Mar 1996 | A |
5507768 | Lau et al. | Apr 1996 | A |
5511726 | Greenspan et al. | Apr 1996 | A |
5514154 | Lau et al. | May 1996 | A |
5514379 | Weissleder et al. | May 1996 | A |
5516560 | Harayama et al. | May 1996 | A |
5516881 | Lee et al. | May 1996 | A |
5527337 | Stack et al. | Jun 1996 | A |
5537729 | Kolobow | Jul 1996 | A |
5538493 | Gerken et al. | Jul 1996 | A |
5545209 | Roberts et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
5545408 | Trigg et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
5551954 | Buscemi et al. | Sep 1996 | A |
5554120 | Chen et al. | Sep 1996 | A |
5554182 | Dinh et al. | Sep 1996 | A |
5556413 | Lam | Sep 1996 | A |
5558642 | Schweich, Jr. et al. | Sep 1996 | A |
5562728 | Lazarus et al. | Oct 1996 | A |
5569463 | Helmus et al. | Oct 1996 | A |
5571135 | Fraser et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
5571166 | Dinh et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
5571567 | Shah | Nov 1996 | A |
5578046 | Liu et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
5578073 | Haimovich et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
5584877 | Miyake et al. | Dec 1996 | A |
5588962 | Nicholas et al. | Dec 1996 | A |
5591199 | Porter et al. | Jan 1997 | A |
5591224 | Schwartz et al. | Jan 1997 | A |
5591227 | Dinh et al. | Jan 1997 | A |
5591607 | Gryaznov et al. | Jan 1997 | A |
5593403 | Buscemi | Jan 1997 | A |
5593434 | Williams | Jan 1997 | A |
5595722 | Grainger et al. | Jan 1997 | A |
5599301 | Jacobs et al. | Feb 1997 | A |
5599307 | Bacher et al. | Feb 1997 | A |
5599352 | Dinh et al. | Feb 1997 | A |
5599922 | Gryaznov et al. | Feb 1997 | A |
5605696 | Eury et al. | Feb 1997 | A |
5607442 | Fischell et al. | Mar 1997 | A |
5607467 | Froix | Mar 1997 | A |
5609629 | Fearnot et al. | Mar 1997 | A |
5610241 | Lee et al. | Mar 1997 | A |
5611775 | Machold et al. | Mar 1997 | A |
5616338 | Fox, Jr. et al. | Apr 1997 | A |
5618298 | Simon | Apr 1997 | A |
5618299 | Khosravi et al. | Apr 1997 | A |
5620420 | Kriesel | Apr 1997 | A |
5624411 | Tuch | Apr 1997 | A |
5628730 | Shapland et al. | May 1997 | A |
5628755 | Heller et al. | May 1997 | A |
5628781 | Williams et al. | May 1997 | A |
5628785 | Schwartz et al. | May 1997 | A |
5628786 | Banas et al. | May 1997 | A |
5629077 | Turnlund et al. | May 1997 | A |
5631135 | Gryaznov et al. | May 1997 | A |
5632771 | Boatman et al. | May 1997 | A |
5632840 | Campbell | May 1997 | A |
5637113 | Tartaglia et al. | Jun 1997 | A |
5644020 | Timmermann et al. | Jul 1997 | A |
5645559 | Hachtman et al. | Jul 1997 | A |
5649951 | Davidson | Jul 1997 | A |
5649977 | Campbell | Jul 1997 | A |
5653691 | Rupp et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
5656080 | Staniforth et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
5656082 | Takatsuki et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
5658995 | Kohn et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
5667523 | Bynon et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5667767 | Greff et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5667796 | Otten | Sep 1997 | A |
5670558 | Onishi et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5674242 | Phan et al. | Oct 1997 | A |
5679400 | Tuch | Oct 1997 | A |
5693085 | Buirge et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
5693376 | Fetherston et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
5695498 | Tower | Dec 1997 | A |
5695810 | Dubin et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
5697967 | Dinh et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
5700286 | Tartaglia et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
5702754 | Zhong | Dec 1997 | A |
5702818 | Cahalan et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
5707385 | Williams | Jan 1998 | A |
5711763 | Nonami et al. | Jan 1998 | A |
5711812 | Chapek et al. | Jan 1998 | A |
5711958 | Cohn et al. | Jan 1998 | A |
5713949 | Jayaraman | Feb 1998 | A |
5716981 | Hunter et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
5718726 | Amon et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
5720726 | Marcadis et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
5721131 | Rudolph et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
5722984 | Fischell et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5723219 | Kolluri et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5725549 | Lam | Mar 1998 | A |
5726297 | Gryaznov et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5728068 | Leone et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5728751 | Patnaik | Mar 1998 | A |
5730698 | Fischell et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5733326 | Tomonto et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5733327 | Igaki et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5733330 | Cox | Mar 1998 | A |
5733564 | Lehtinen | Mar 1998 | A |
5733925 | Kunz et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5735897 | Buirge | Apr 1998 | A |
5741554 | Tisone | Apr 1998 | A |
5741881 | Patnaik | Apr 1998 | A |
5746745 | Abele et al. | May 1998 | A |
5746998 | Torchilin et al. | May 1998 | A |
5756457 | Wang et al. | May 1998 | A |
5756476 | Epstein et al. | May 1998 | A |
5759205 | Valentini | Jun 1998 | A |
5759474 | Rupp et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
5765682 | Bley et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
5766204 | Porter et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
5766239 | Cox | Jun 1998 | A |
5766710 | Turnlund et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
5769883 | Buscemi et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
5769884 | Solovay | Jun 1998 | A |
5770609 | Grainger et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
5772864 | M.o slashed.ller et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
5776184 | Tuch | Jul 1998 | A |
5780807 | Saunders | Jul 1998 | A |
5782742 | Crocker et al. | Jul 1998 | A |
5783657 | Pavlin et al. | Jul 1998 | A |
5788626 | Thompson | Aug 1998 | A |
5788979 | Alt et al. | Aug 1998 | A |
5800392 | Racchini | Sep 1998 | A |
5800516 | Fine et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5804318 | Pinchuk et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5807244 | Barot | Sep 1998 | A |
5810871 | Tuckey et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5810873 | Morales | Sep 1998 | A |
5811151 | Hendriks et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5811447 | Kunz et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5820917 | Tuch | Oct 1998 | A |
5823996 | Sparks | Oct 1998 | A |
5824048 | Tuch | Oct 1998 | A |
5824049 | Ragheb et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
5824056 | Rosenberg | Oct 1998 | A |
5826586 | Mishra et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
5830178 | Jones et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5830179 | Mikus et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5830217 | Ryan | Nov 1998 | A |
5830461 | Billiar | Nov 1998 | A |
5830879 | Isner | Nov 1998 | A |
5833644 | Zadno-Azizi et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5833651 | Donovan et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5833659 | Kranys | Nov 1998 | A |
5834582 | Sinclair et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5836962 | Gianotti | Nov 1998 | A |
5836965 | Jendersee et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5837008 | Berg et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5837313 | Ding et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5837835 | Gryaznov et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5840009 | Fischell et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5840083 | Braach-Maksvytis | Nov 1998 | A |
5843033 | Ropiak | Dec 1998 | A |
5843119 | Schulewitz | Dec 1998 | A |
5843172 | Yan | Dec 1998 | A |
5846247 | Unsworth et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
5849859 | Acemoglu | Dec 1998 | A |
5851508 | Greff et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
5853408 | Muni | Dec 1998 | A |
5854207 | Lee et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
5854376 | Higashi | Dec 1998 | A |
5855598 | Pinchuk | Jan 1999 | A |
5855612 | Ohthuki et al. | Jan 1999 | A |
5855618 | Patnaik et al. | Jan 1999 | A |
5857998 | Barry | Jan 1999 | A |
5858556 | Eckert et al. | Jan 1999 | A |
5858746 | Hubbell et al. | Jan 1999 | A |
5858990 | Walsh | Jan 1999 | A |
5860954 | Ropiak | Jan 1999 | A |
5865814 | Tuch | Feb 1999 | A |
5866113 | Hendriks et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
5868781 | Killion | Feb 1999 | A |
5869127 | Zhong | Feb 1999 | A |
5871436 | Eury | Feb 1999 | A |
5871437 | Alt | Feb 1999 | A |
5873904 | Ragheb et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
5874101 | Zhong et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
5874109 | Ducheyne et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
5874165 | Drumheller | Feb 1999 | A |
5874355 | Huang et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
5876426 | Kume et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5876433 | Lunn | Mar 1999 | A |
5876743 | Ibsen et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5877224 | Brocchini et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5877263 | Patnaik et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5879713 | Roth et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5883011 | Lin et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5888533 | Dunn | Mar 1999 | A |
5891192 | Murayama et al. | Apr 1999 | A |
5893840 | Hull et al. | Apr 1999 | A |
5893852 | Morales | Apr 1999 | A |
5895407 | Jayaraman | Apr 1999 | A |
5897911 | Loeffler | Apr 1999 | A |
5897955 | Drumheller | Apr 1999 | A |
5898178 | Bunker | Apr 1999 | A |
5902631 | Wang et al. | May 1999 | A |
5902875 | Roby et al. | May 1999 | A |
5905168 | Dos Santos et al. | May 1999 | A |
5906759 | Richter | May 1999 | A |
5910564 | Gruning et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
5914182 | Drumheller | Jun 1999 | A |
5914387 | Roby et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
5916234 | Lam | Jun 1999 | A |
5916870 | Lee et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
5919893 | Roby et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
5921416 | Uchara | Jul 1999 | A |
5922005 | Richter et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
5922393 | Jayaraman | Jul 1999 | A |
5925552 | Keogh et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
5925720 | Kataoka et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
5928916 | Keogh | Jul 1999 | A |
5932299 | Katoot | Aug 1999 | A |
5935135 | Bramfitt et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5942209 | Leavitt et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5947993 | Morales | Sep 1999 | A |
5948018 | Dereume et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5948428 | Lee et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5951881 | Rogers et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5954744 | Phan et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5955509 | Webber et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5957975 | Lafont et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5958385 | Tondeur et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5962138 | Kolluri et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
5965720 | Gryaznov et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
5968091 | Pinchuk et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
5968092 | Buscemi et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
5969422 | Ting et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
5971954 | Conway et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
5972027 | Johnson | Oct 1999 | A |
5972029 | Fuisz | Oct 1999 | A |
5972505 | Phillips et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
5976155 | Foreman et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
5976182 | Cox | Nov 1999 | A |
5980564 | Stinson | Nov 1999 | A |
5980928 | Terry | Nov 1999 | A |
5980972 | Ding | Nov 1999 | A |
5981568 | Kunz et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
5984449 | Tajika et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
5986169 | Gjunter | Nov 1999 | A |
5997468 | Wolff et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
5997517 | Whitbourne | Dec 1999 | A |
6010445 | Armini et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
6010530 | Goicoechea | Jan 2000 | A |
6010573 | Bowlin | Jan 2000 | A |
6011125 | Lohmeijer et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
6013099 | Dinh et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
6015541 | Greff et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
6019789 | Dinh et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
6024918 | Hendriks et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
6027510 | Alt | Feb 2000 | A |
6027526 | Limon et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
6030371 | Pursley | Feb 2000 | A |
6033582 | Lee et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
6033719 | Keogh | Mar 2000 | A |
6034204 | Mohr et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
6042606 | Frantzen | Mar 2000 | A |
6042875 | Ding et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
6045899 | Wang et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
6048964 | Lee et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
6051021 | Frid | Apr 2000 | A |
6051576 | Ashton et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
6051648 | Rhee et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
6054553 | Groth et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
6056906 | Werneth et al. | May 2000 | A |
6056993 | Leidner et al. | May 2000 | A |
6059752 | Segal | May 2000 | A |
6059810 | Brown et al. | May 2000 | A |
6060451 | DiMaio et al. | May 2000 | A |
6060518 | Kabanov et al. | May 2000 | A |
6063092 | Shin | May 2000 | A |
6066156 | Yan | May 2000 | A |
6071266 | Kelley | Jun 2000 | A |
6071305 | Brown et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6074659 | Kunz et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6080099 | Slater et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6080177 | Igaki et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6080190 | Schwartz | Jun 2000 | A |
6080488 | Hostettler et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6083258 | Yadav | Jul 2000 | A |
6086610 | Duerig et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
6090330 | Gawa et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
6093199 | Brown et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
6093463 | Thakrar | Jul 2000 | A |
6096070 | Ragheb et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6096525 | Patnaik | Aug 2000 | A |
6099455 | Columbo et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6099559 | Nolting | Aug 2000 | A |
6099561 | Alt | Aug 2000 | A |
6099562 | Ding et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6103230 | Billiar et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6106454 | Berg et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6106530 | Harada | Aug 2000 | A |
6106889 | Beavers et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6107416 | Patnaik et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6110180 | Foreman et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6110188 | Narciso, Jr. | Aug 2000 | A |
6110483 | Whitbourne et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6113629 | Ken | Sep 2000 | A |
6117479 | Hogan et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6117979 | Hendriks et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6120477 | Campbell et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6120491 | Kohn et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6120535 | McDonald et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6120536 | Ding et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6120788 | Barrows | Sep 2000 | A |
6120847 | Yang et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6120904 | Hostettler et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6121027 | Clapper et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6123712 | Di Caprio et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6125523 | Brown et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6126686 | Badylak et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6127173 | Eckstein et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6129761 | Hubbell | Oct 2000 | A |
6129928 | Sarangapani et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6132809 | Hynes et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6136333 | Cohn et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6140127 | Sprague | Oct 2000 | A |
6140431 | Kinker et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6143354 | Koulik et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
6143370 | Panagiotou et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
6149574 | Trauthen et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
6150630 | Perry et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
6153252 | Hossainy et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
4776337 | Palmaz | Dec 2000 | A |
6156373 | Zhong et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6159227 | Di Caprio et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6159229 | Jendersee et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6159951 | Karpeisky et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6159978 | Myers et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6160084 | Langer et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6165212 | Dereume et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6166130 | Rhee et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6168617 | Blaeser et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6168619 | Dinh et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6169170 | Gryaznov et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6171609 | Kunz | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6172167 | Stapert et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6174316 | Tuckey et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6174330 | Stinson | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6177523 | Reich et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6180632 | Myers et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6183505 | Mohn, Jr. et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6187045 | Fehring et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6193727 | Foreman et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6203551 | Wu | Mar 2001 | B1 |
6209621 | Treacy | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6210715 | Starling et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6211249 | Cohn et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6214115 | Taylor et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6214407 | Laube et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6214901 | Chudzik et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6217586 | Mackenzie | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6217721 | Xu et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6224626 | Steinke | May 2001 | B1 |
6224675 | Prentice et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6224894 | Jamiolkowski et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6228845 | Donovan et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6231590 | Slaikeu et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6231600 | Zhong | May 2001 | B1 |
6240616 | Yan | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6242041 | Katoot et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6245076 | Yan | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6245099 | Edwin et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6245103 | Stinson | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6245753 | Byun et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6245760 | He et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6248129 | Froix | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6248344 | Ylanen et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6251135 | Stinson et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6251136 | Guruwaiya et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6251142 | Bernacca et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6253443 | Johnson | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6254632 | Wu et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6258099 | Mareiro et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6258121 | Yang et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6258371 | Koulik et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6262034 | Mathiowitz et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6270788 | Koulik et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6273850 | Gambale | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6273913 | Wright et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6277110 | Morales | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6277449 | Kolluri et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6279368 | Escano et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6281262 | Shikinami | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6283947 | Mirzaee | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6283949 | Roorda | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6284305 | Ding et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6284333 | Wang et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6287332 | Bolz et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6287628 | Hossainy et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6290721 | Heath | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6293966 | Frantzen | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6294836 | Paranjpe et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6296603 | Turnlund et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6299604 | Ragheb et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6303901 | Perry et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6306176 | Whitbourne | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6312459 | Huang et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6319520 | Wuthrich et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6322588 | Ogle et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6322847 | Zhong et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6327772 | Zadno-Azizi et al. | Dec 2001 | B1 |
6331313 | Wong et al. | Dec 2001 | B1 |
6335029 | Kamath et al. | Jan 2002 | B1 |
6344035 | Chudzik et al. | Feb 2002 | B1 |
6346110 | Wu | Feb 2002 | B2 |
6358556 | Ding et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6362099 | Gandikota et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6364903 | Tseng et al. | Apr 2002 | B2 |
6375458 | Moorleghem et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6375826 | Wang et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6379379 | Wang | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6379381 | Hossainy et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6387118 | Hanson | May 2002 | B1 |
6387121 | Alt | May 2002 | B1 |
6387379 | Goldberg et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
6388043 | Langer et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
6395325 | Hedge et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
6395326 | Castro et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
6406738 | Hogan et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
6409761 | Jang | Jun 2002 | B1 |
6413272 | Igaki | Jul 2002 | B1 |
6419692 | Yang et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
6420189 | Lopatin | Jul 2002 | B1 |
6423092 | Datta et al. | Jul 2002 | B2 |
6436816 | Lee et al. | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6444567 | Besser et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6447835 | Wang et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6451373 | Hossainy et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6454738 | Tran et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6455424 | McTeer et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6461632 | Gogolewski | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6462284 | Hashimoto | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6464720 | Boatman et al. | Oct 2002 | B2 |
6468906 | Chan et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6479565 | Stanley | Nov 2002 | B1 |
6481262 | Ching et al. | Nov 2002 | B2 |
6482834 | Spada et al. | Nov 2002 | B2 |
6485512 | Cheng | Nov 2002 | B1 |
6488701 | Nolting et al. | Dec 2002 | B1 |
6488773 | Ehrhardt et al. | Dec 2002 | B1 |
6491666 | Santini, Jr. et al. | Dec 2002 | B1 |
6492615 | Flanagan | Dec 2002 | B1 |
6494862 | Ray et al. | Dec 2002 | B1 |
6494908 | Huxel et al. | Dec 2002 | B1 |
6495156 | Wenz et al. | Dec 2002 | B2 |
6495200 | Chan et al. | Dec 2002 | B1 |
6503538 | Chu et al. | Jan 2003 | B1 |
6503556 | Harish et al. | Jan 2003 | B2 |
6503954 | Bhat et al. | Jan 2003 | B1 |
6504307 | Malik et al. | Jan 2003 | B1 |
6506437 | Harish et al. | Jan 2003 | B1 |
6510722 | Ching et al. | Jan 2003 | B1 |
6511748 | Barrows | Jan 2003 | B1 |
6517888 | Weber | Feb 2003 | B1 |
6517889 | Jayaraman | Feb 2003 | B1 |
6521284 | Parsons et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
6524232 | Tang et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
6524347 | Myers et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
6527801 | Dutta | Mar 2003 | B1 |
6527863 | Pacetti et al. | Mar 2003 | B1 |
6528526 | Myers et al. | Mar 2003 | B1 |
6530950 | Alvarado et al. | Mar 2003 | B1 |
6530951 | Bates et al. | Mar 2003 | B1 |
6537589 | Chae et al. | Mar 2003 | B1 |
6539607 | Fehring et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6540776 | Sanders Millare et al. | Apr 2003 | B2 |
6540777 | Stenzel | Apr 2003 | B2 |
6544223 | Kokish | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6544543 | Mandrusov et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6544582 | Yoe | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6554758 | Turnlund et al. | Apr 2003 | B2 |
6554854 | Flanagan | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6555059 | Myrick et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6555157 | Hossainy | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6558733 | Hossainy et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
6562136 | Chappa et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
6565599 | Hong et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
6565659 | Pacetti et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
6569191 | Hogan | May 2003 | B1 |
6569193 | Cox et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
6572644 | Moein | Jun 2003 | B1 |
6572672 | Yadav et al. | Jun 2003 | B2 |
6574851 | Mirizzi | Jun 2003 | B1 |
6582417 | Ledesma et al. | Jun 2003 | B1 |
6585755 | Jackson et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
6585765 | Hossainy et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6585926 | Mirzaee | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6592614 | Lenker et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
6592617 | Thompson | Jul 2003 | B2 |
6596296 | Nelson et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6605114 | Yan et al. | Aug 2003 | B1 |
6605154 | Villareal | Aug 2003 | B1 |
6605874 | Leu et al. | Aug 2003 | B2 |
6610087 | Zarbatany et al. | Aug 2003 | B1 |
6613072 | Lau et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
6616765 | Hossainy et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
6623448 | Slater | Sep 2003 | B2 |
6625486 | Lundkvist et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
6626939 | Burnside et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
6635269 | Jennissen | Oct 2003 | B1 |
6635964 | Maex et al. | Oct 2003 | B2 |
6645135 | Bhat | Nov 2003 | B1 |
6645195 | Bhat et al. | Nov 2003 | B1 |
6645243 | Vallana et al. | Nov 2003 | B2 |
6645547 | Shekalim et al. | Nov 2003 | B1 |
6656162 | Santini, Jr. et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
6656216 | Hossainy et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
6656506 | Wu et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
6660034 | Mandrusov et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
6663662 | Pacetti et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
6663880 | Roorda et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
6664187 | Ngo et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
6664335 | Krishnan | Dec 2003 | B2 |
6666214 | Canham | Dec 2003 | B2 |
6666880 | Chiu et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
6667049 | Janas et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
6669723 | Killion et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
6669980 | Hansen | Dec 2003 | B2 |
6673154 | Pacetti et al. | Jan 2004 | B1 |
6673385 | Ding et al. | Jan 2004 | B1 |
6676697 | Richter | Jan 2004 | B1 |
6676700 | Jacobs et al. | Jan 2004 | B1 |
6679980 | Andreacchi | Jan 2004 | B1 |
6689099 | Mirzaee | Feb 2004 | B2 |
6689375 | Wahlig et al. | Feb 2004 | B1 |
6695920 | Pacetti et al. | Feb 2004 | B1 |
6703307 | Lopatin et al. | Mar 2004 | B2 |
6706013 | Bhat et al. | Mar 2004 | B1 |
6706273 | Roessler | Mar 2004 | B1 |
6709379 | Brandau et al. | Mar 2004 | B1 |
6709514 | Hossainy | Mar 2004 | B1 |
6712845 | Hossainy | Mar 2004 | B2 |
6713119 | Hossainy et al. | Mar 2004 | B2 |
6716444 | Castro et al. | Apr 2004 | B1 |
6719934 | Stinson | Apr 2004 | B2 |
6719989 | Matsushima et al. | Apr 2004 | B1 |
6720402 | Langer et al. | Apr 2004 | B2 |
6723120 | Yan | Apr 2004 | B2 |
6733768 | Hossainy et al. | May 2004 | B2 |
6740040 | Mandrusov et al. | May 2004 | B1 |
6743462 | Pacetti | Jun 2004 | B1 |
6746773 | Llanos et al. | Jun 2004 | B2 |
6749626 | Bhat et al. | Jun 2004 | B1 |
6752826 | Holloway et al. | Jun 2004 | B2 |
6753007 | Haggard et al. | Jun 2004 | B2 |
6753071 | Pacetti | Jun 2004 | B1 |
6758859 | Dang et al. | Jul 2004 | B1 |
6759054 | Chen et al. | Jul 2004 | B2 |
6764505 | Hossainy et al. | Jul 2004 | B1 |
6774278 | Ragheb et al. | Aug 2004 | B1 |
6776792 | Yan et al. | Aug 2004 | B1 |
6783793 | Hossainy et al. | Aug 2004 | B1 |
6818063 | Kerrigan | Nov 2004 | B1 |
6846323 | Yip et al. | Jan 2005 | B2 |
6860946 | Hossainy et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
6861088 | Weber et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
6865810 | Stinson | Mar 2005 | B2 |
6869443 | Buscemi et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
6878160 | Gilligan et al. | Apr 2005 | B2 |
6887270 | Miller et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
6887485 | Fitzhugh et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
6890546 | Mollison et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
6899731 | Li et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
20010007083 | Roorda | Jul 2001 | A1 |
20010014717 | Hossainy et al. | Aug 2001 | A1 |
20010016753 | Caprio et al. | Aug 2001 | A1 |
20010020011 | Mathiowitz et al. | Sep 2001 | A1 |
20010029351 | Falotico et al. | Oct 2001 | A1 |
20010037145 | Guruwaiya et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
20010044652 | Moore | Nov 2001 | A1 |
20010051608 | Mathiowitz et al. | Dec 2001 | A1 |
20020002399 | Huxel et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020004060 | Heublein et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020004101 | Ding et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020005206 | Falotico et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020007213 | Falotico et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020007214 | Falotico | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020007215 | Falotico et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020009604 | Zamora et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020016625 | Falotico et al. | Feb 2002 | A1 |
20020032414 | Ragheb et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
20020032434 | Chudzik et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
20020051730 | Bodnar et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
20020062148 | Hart | May 2002 | A1 |
20020065553 | Weber | May 2002 | A1 |
20020071822 | Uhrich | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020077693 | Barclay et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020082679 | Sirhan et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020087123 | Hossainy et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20020091433 | Ding et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20020094440 | Llanos et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20020111590 | Davila et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020116050 | Kocur | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020120326 | Michal | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020138133 | Lenz et al. | Sep 2002 | A1 |
20020142039 | Claude | Oct 2002 | A1 |
20020155212 | Hossainy | Oct 2002 | A1 |
20020161114 | Gunatillake et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
20020165608 | Llanos et al. | Nov 2002 | A1 |
20020176849 | Slepian | Nov 2002 | A1 |
20020183581 | Yoe et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020187632 | Marsh | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020188037 | Chudzik et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020188277 | Roorda et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20030003221 | Zhong et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
20030004141 | Brown | Jan 2003 | A1 |
20030028243 | Bates et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030028244 | Bates et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030031780 | Chudzik et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030032767 | Tada et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030033001 | Igaki | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030036794 | Ragheb et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030039689 | Chen et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030040712 | Ray et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030040790 | Furst | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030054090 | Hansen | Mar 2003 | A1 |
20030055482 | Schwager et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
20030059520 | Chen et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
20030060877 | Falotico et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
20030065377 | Davila et al. | Apr 2003 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
2 008 312 | Jul 1990 | CA |
2 007 648 | Apr 1991 | CA |
1 322 628 | Oct 1993 | CA |
1 336 319 | Jul 1995 | CA |
1 338 303 | May 1996 | CA |
042 24 401 | Jan 1994 | DE |
044 07 079 | Sep 1994 | DE |
197 31 021 | Sep 1994 | DE |
199 16 086 | Oct 1999 | DE |
198 56 983 | Dec 1999 | DE |
0 108 171 | May 1984 | EP |
0 144 534 | Jun 1985 | EP |
0 301 856 | Feb 1989 | EP |
0 380 668 | Apr 1989 | EP |
0 351 314 | Jan 1990 | EP |
0 364 787 | Apr 1990 | EP |
0 396 429 | Nov 1990 | EP |
0 397 500 | Nov 1990 | EP |
0 464 755 | Jan 1992 | EP |
0 493 788 | Jul 1992 | EP |
0 526 606 | Sep 1992 | EP |
0 514 406 | Nov 1992 | EP |
0 517 075 | Dec 1992 | EP |
0 540 290 | May 1993 | EP |
0 553 960 | Aug 1993 | EP |
0 554 082 | Aug 1993 | EP |
0 565 251 | Oct 1993 | EP |
0 578 998 | Jan 1994 | EP |
0 604 022 | Jun 1994 | EP |
0 621 017 | Oct 1994 | EP |
0 623 354 | Nov 1994 | EP |
0 627 226 | Dec 1994 | EP |
0 649 637 | Apr 1995 | EP |
0 665 023 | Aug 1995 | EP |
0 701 802 | Mar 1996 | EP |
0 701 803 | Mar 1996 | EP |
0 709 068 | May 1996 | EP |
0 716 836 | Jun 1996 | EP |
0 732 087 | Sep 1996 | EP |
0 832 618 | Sep 1996 | EP |
0 756 853 | Feb 1997 | EP |
0 809 999 | Dec 1997 | EP |
0 832 655 | Apr 1998 | EP |
0 834 293 | Apr 1998 | EP |
0 850 604 | Jul 1998 | EP |
0 850 651 | Jul 1998 | EP |
0 879 595 | Nov 1998 | EP |
0 910 584 | Apr 1999 | EP |
0 923 953 | Jun 1999 | EP |
0 953 320 | Nov 1999 | EP |
0 970 711 | Jan 2000 | EP |
0 972 498 | Jan 2000 | EP |
0 974 315 | Jan 2000 | EP |
0 982 041 | Mar 2000 | EP |
1 023 879 | Aug 2000 | EP |
1 034 752 | Sep 2000 | EP |
1 075 838 | Feb 2001 | EP |
1 103 234 | May 2001 | EP |
1 192 957 | Apr 2002 | EP |
1 273 314 | Jan 2003 | EP |
0 869 847 | Mar 2003 | EP |
2 753 907 | Apr 1998 | FR |
2 247 696 | Mar 1992 | GB |
2 316 086 | Jan 2000 | GB |
2 316 342 | Jan 2000 | GB |
2 333 975 | Jan 2000 | GB |
2 336 551 | Jan 2000 | GB |
2 356 586 | May 2001 | GB |
2 356 587 | May 2001 | GB |
2 333 474 | Jun 2001 | GB |
2 334 685 | Jun 2001 | GB |
2 356 585 | Jul 2001 | GB |
2 374 302 | Aug 2001 | GB |
2 370 243 | Jun 2002 | GB |
SHO 49-48336 | Dec 1974 | JP |
SHO 54-1831O | Jul 1979 | JP |
60-28504 | Jul 1985 | JP |
21199867 | May 1994 | JP |
HEI 8-33718 | Feb 1996 | JP |
HEI 10-151190 | Jun 1998 | JP |
2919971 | Jul 1999 | JP |
2001-190687 | Jul 2001 | JP |
0872531 | Oct 1981 | SU |
0876663 | Oct 1981 | SU |
0905228 | Feb 1982 | SU |
0790725 | Feb 1983 | SU |
1016314 | May 1983 | SU |
0811750 | Sep 1983 | SU |
1293518 | Feb 1987 | SU |
1477423 | May 1989 | SU |
WO 8903232 | Apr 1989 | WO |
WO 9001969 | Mar 1990 | WO |
WO 9004982 | May 1990 | WO |
WO 9006094 | Jun 1990 | WO |
WO 9111176 | Aug 1991 | WO |
WO 9112846 | Sep 1991 | WO |
WO 9117744 | Nov 1991 | WO |
WO 9117789 | Nov 1991 | WO |
WO 9210218 | Jun 1992 | WO |
WO 9306792 | Apr 1993 | WO |
WO 9409760 | May 1994 | WO |
WO 9421196 | Sep 1994 | WO |
WO 9510989 | Apr 1995 | WO |
WO 9511817 | May 1995 | WO |
WO 9524929 | Sep 1995 | WO |
WO 9526947 | Nov 1995 | WO |
WO 9533422 | Dec 1995 | WO |
WO 9628115 | Sep 1996 | WO |
WO 9635516 | Nov 1996 | WO |
WO 9640174 | Dec 1996 | WO |
WO 9710011 | Mar 1997 | WO |
WO 9745105 | Dec 1997 | WO |
WO 9746590 | Dec 1997 | WO |
WO 9804415 | Feb 1998 | WO |
WO 9807390 | Feb 1998 | WO |
WO 9808463 | Mar 1998 | WO |
WO 9817331 | Apr 1998 | WO |
WO 9820863 | May 1998 | WO |
WO 9823228 | Jun 1998 | WO |
WO 9832398 | Jul 1998 | WO |
WO 9836784 | Aug 1998 | WO |
WO 9901118 | Jan 1999 | WO |
WO 9903515 | Jan 1999 | WO |
WO 9916386 | Apr 1999 | WO |
WO 9938546 | Aug 1999 | WO |
WO 9942147 | Aug 1999 | WO |
WO 9963981 | Dec 1999 | WO |
WO 0002599 | Jan 2000 | WO |
WO 0012147 | Mar 2000 | WO |
WO 0018446 | Apr 2000 | WO |
WO 0064506 | Nov 2000 | WO |
WO 0101890 | Jan 2001 | WO |
WO 0115751 | Mar 2001 | WO |
WO 0117459 | Mar 2001 | WO |
WO 0117577 | Mar 2001 | WO |
WO 0143727 | Jun 2001 | WO |
WO 0145763 | Jun 2001 | WO |
WO 0149338 | Jul 2001 | WO |
WO 0151027 | Jul 2001 | WO |
WO 0152772 | Jul 2001 | WO |
WO 0157144 | Aug 2001 | WO |
WO 0174414 | Oct 2001 | WO |
WO 0191918 | Dec 2001 | WO |
WO 0203890 | Jan 2002 | WO |
WO 02026162 | Apr 2002 | WO |
WO 02034311 | May 2002 | WO |
WO 0247731 | Jun 2002 | WO |
WO 02049771 | Jun 2002 | WO |
WO 02056790 | Jul 2002 | WO |
WO 02058753 | Aug 2002 | WO |
WO 02087550 | Nov 2002 | WO |
WO 02102283 | Dec 2002 | WO |
WO 03000308 | Jan 2003 | WO |
WO 03007918 | Jan 2003 | WO |
WO 03007919 | Jan 2003 | WO |
WO 03022323 | Mar 2003 | WO |
WO 03037222 | May 2003 | WO |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20030211230 A1 | Nov 2003 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 09896436 | Jun 2001 | US |
Child | 10409410 | US |