Patent Application
20130171316
The present invention concerns a sweetening composition comprising a stevia extract, which has improved taste properties over currently known stevia sweetening compositions.
In order to replace sugar, especially cane sugar (sucrose), many different molecules are used, either natural or artificial. The interest of such molecules is that the sweetening effect can be obtained in the final food composition while at the same time guaranteeing a much lower caloric intake for the consumer.
Artificial sweeteners, although widely used, show a tendency to be replaced recently by other compounds, which are extracted directly from plants. Such natural sweeteners offer similar sweetening properties, a low caloric intake to the consumer, and they are not produced by heavy chemical processes which is seen by the consumers as a clear advantage.
Amongst other natural sweeteners, Stevia is known for a long time for its sweetening properties. It has a long history of use in Asia or in South America for these sweetening properties, and recently, it has gained a lot of interest in North America and Europe for it is extracted directly from a plant source, and is therefore a natural ingredient, compared to other known sweeteners, like artificial sweeteners such as aspartame or saccharine for instance.
Usually, the principal active compound of Stevia that is used for sweetening is rebaudioside A (Reb A). This compound is obtained for instance by purification of the Stevia extracts. In the following description, it should be understood that preferably, Reb A shall be used for sweetening, even though the description mentions “Stevia” in general.
One drawback of Stevia though, is its relatively strong lingering sweet aftertaste. This aftertaste is structure related and is made evident by the fact that the sweetening taste can be perceived a long time after the Stevia was in contact with the tongue (up to 2 hours).
In order to mask this aftertaste, different solutions have been tested and commercialised, which are directed to mixing Stevia with flavouring compounds and aromas that create a specific organoleptic profile. For instance, the Reb A can be mixed as a powder with a vanilla flavour. However, although the aromatic profile of such mixes can prove to be pleasant to taste, in practice, it does not solve the lingering taste issue.
The main objective of the present invention is therefore to provide an all-natural sweetening composition based on stevia or its purified active compounds such as Reb A, with similar or unchanged sweetening intensity, while solving the lingering taste issue described above.
The above objective is met with a composition for sweetening an edible product, comprising at least a rebaudioside, characterized in that it further comprises gymnemic acid.
It has been found that surprisingly, when a stevia extract, or a rebaudioside A extracted and purified from stevia is mixed in certain concentrations with gymnemic acid, the lingering sweet aftertaste usually present in Stevia alone disappears. This property of gymnemic acid to stop the lingering sweet aftertaste of stevia (or Reb A) was moreover found to have a very limited effect on the sweetening intensity of stevia.
Therefore, when Rebaudioside A and gymnemic acid are mixed in correct concentrations—depending on the food composition they will be added to—, the sweet profile approaches very much, and is almost equal in some cases to the sweet profile of sucrose, in terms of intensity, in terms of duration of the sweetening taste perceived by the consumer, and in terms of sweetening taste quality. The fact that the sweetening taste is not reduced in intensity is particularly important since there is therefore no need to compensate lower sweetness intensity by adding more sweetener and/or different types of sweetening agents.
In a highly desirable embodiment of the present invention, the ratio rebaudioside to gymnemic acid is comprised between 2 to 4 parts of rebaudioside for 1 part of gymnemic acid.
This specific ratio of course depends on the concentration of sweetener(s) in the final food product, and may be adapted to the taste of consumers. But it was found that this specific ratio range has the highest efficacy on selectively suppressing the lingering aftertaste of Stevia, while not putting at stake the sweetness intensity. It was found that beyond this range, the effect of gymnemic acid is either too weak to mask the lingering aftertaste, or on the contrary, it not only blocks the aftertaste, but also blocks the sweetness intensity.
Preferably, said gymnemic acid is present in said composition as an extract of the Gymnema Sylvestre plant.
Furthermore, the rebaudioside is rebaudioside A, which is present in said composition as a stevia plant extract, which is even more preferably purified so that it contains more than 97, preferably more than 99% of rebaudioside A.
Advantageously, gymnemic acid is present in the composition according to the invention in a concentration comprised between 0.5 and 500 ppm, preferably between 2 and 250 ppm, and more preferably in the range of 100 to 180 ppm.
This concentration corresponds, having regard to the preferred ratio of concentrations of gymnemic acid and rebaudioside, to the optimized concentrations of rebaudioside that should be present in different food products to obtain an acceptable sweet taste in the latter.
In one possible alternative embodiment of the present invention, the composition further comprises at least one second sweetening agent selected from the list of:
(i) natural sweeteners such as Momordica Grosvenorii (Mogrosides IV or V), Thaumatin, Brazzein, Glycyrrhyzic acid and its salts, Curculin, Monellin, Phylloducin, Rubusosides, Mabinlin, dulcoside A, dulcoside B, stevioside, siamenoside, monatin and its salts (monatin SS, RR, RS, SR), hernandulcin, phyllodulcin, glycyphyllin, phloridzin, trilobtain, baiyunoside, osladin, polypodoside A, pterocaryoside A, pterocaryoside B, mukurozioside, phlomisoside I, periandrin I, abrusoside A, cyclocarioside I, erythritol, and/or other natural polyols such as maltitol, mannitol, lactitol, sorbitol, inositol, Isomalt, xylitol, glycerol, propylene glycol, threitol, galactitol, reduced isomalto-oligosaccharides, palatinose, reduced xylo-oligosaccharides, reduced gentio-oligosaccharides, reduced maltose syrup, or reduced glucose syrup, or a mixture thereof, and/or
(ii) artificial sweeteners, such as Aspartame, Cyclamate, Sucralose, Acesulfame K, neotame, Saccharin, Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, or mixtures thereof.
By adding at least one additional sweetener to the composition, the sweet taste profile can be fine-tuned and adapted to specific food compositions wherein said composition is used. This is due to the fact that artificial sweeteners are known to have synergistic effect among them and minor variations in the sweet taste perception may also occur, due to the interaction of rebaudioside with other ingredients (aromas, fat components for instance) that are present in the said food compositions.
The composition according to the invention can further comprise at least one sweet taste improving carbohydrate, chosen from the list of, but not limited to, sucrose, fructose, glucose, maltose, lactose, mannose, galactose, ribose, rhamnose, trehalose, tagatose, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS).
The composition according to the invention can be a powder to be added directly into a food product with other ingredients. Alternatively, it can be a liquid, viscous, or at least partly jellified composition suitable for being sprayed onto and/or injected into an edible product.
The present invention is further directed to a sweetened food composition comprising at least a rebaudioside as a sweetening agent, characterized in that said food composition further comprises gymnemic acid as a sweet lingering taste stopper.
It is highly preferable in the field of the present invention that the ratio gymnemic acid to rebaudioside is comprised between 2 to 4 parts of gymnemic acid for 1 part of rebaudioside.
Further, gymnemic acid is advantageously present in said composition as an extract of Gymnema Sylvestre.
Preferably, the rebaudioside is rebaudioside A, which is present in said composition as a stevia extract. More than that, said stevia extract is preferably purified so that it contains more than 97, preferably more than 99% of rebaudioside A.
Advantageously, said gymnemic acid is present in a concentration comprises between 0.5 and 500 ppm, preferably between 2 and 250 ppm, and more preferably in the range of 100 to 180 ppm.
In one embodiment of the invention, the food composition can further comprise at least one second sweetening agent selected from the list of:
(i) natural sweeteners such as Momordica Grosvenorii (Mogrosides IV or V), Thaumatin, Brazzein, Glycyrrhyzic acid and its salts, Curculin, Monellin, Phylloducin, Rubusosides, Mabinlin, dulcoside A, dulcoside B, stevioside, siamenoside, monatin and its salts (monatin SS, RR, RS, SR), thaumatin, hernandulcin, phyllodulcin, glycyphyllin, phloridzin, trilobtain, baiyunoside, osladin, polypodoside A, pterocaryoside A, pterocaryoside B, mukurozioside, phlomisoside I, periandrin I, abrusoside A, cyclocarioside I, erythritol, and/or other natural polyols such as maltitol, mannitol, lactitol, sorbitol, inositol, Isomalt, xylitol, glycerol, propylene glycol, threitol, galactitol, reduced isomalto-oligosaccharides, palatinose, reduced xylo-oligosaccharides, reduced gentio-oligosaccharides, reduced maltose syrup, or reduced glucose syrup, or a mixture thereof, and/or
(ii) artificial sweeteners, such as Aspartame, Cyclamate, Sucralose, Acesulfame K, neotame, Saccharin, Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, or mixtures thereof.
In another embodiment of the invention, the food composition can further comprise at least one sweet taste improving carbohydrate, chosen from the list of, but not limited to, sucrose, fructose, glucose, maltose, lactose, mannose, galactose, ribose, rhamnose, trehalose, tagatose, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS)
The food composition according to the present invention can be:
(i) a ready-to-drink beverage comprising at least coffee, tea, cocoa, cereals, or a combination thereof, or
(ii) a water-based beverage comprising, at least one natural or artificial flavor, at least one fruit extract, at least one preservative, at least one mineral salt, or a combination thereof.
It can also be a chilled dairy product comprising a fresh cheese, a dessert comprising at least one dairy component, an ice cream, a dairy culinary preparation, a sweetened condensed milk or a combination thereof.
Alternatively, it can be a confectionery product, or a bakery product.
Additional features and advantages of the present invention are described in, and will be apparent from, the description of the presently preferred embodiments which are set out below with reference to the drawings in which:
One first aspect of the present invention is directed to composition for sweetening an edible product, comprising at least a rebaudioside, which further comprises gymnemic acid.
The ratio “gymnemic acid to rebaudioside” is comprised between 2 to 4 parts of rebaudioside for 1 part of gymnemic acid.
The gymnemic acid is present in said composition as an extract of the Gymnema sylvestre plant.
Furthermore, the rebaudioside is rebaudioside A, which is present in said composition as a stevia plant extract, which is even more preferably purified so that it contains more than 97, preferably more than 99% of rebaudioside A.
The composition according to the invention can be under powder or liquid form to be added as an ingredient into the composition of an edible food product. As an alternative, the sweetening composition according to the invention can be manufactured under a form which can be sprayed onto, or injected into, an edible food product that is already at least partially manufactured. This can be for instance a snack or a confectionery bar that contains cereals, and which requires a binding agent such as sugar syrup to bind the cereal particles and other ingredients together so that the snack bar can be manufactured by extrusion.
A second aspect of the present invention is directed to a food composition that is sweetened with Rebaudioside A and also comprises a predetermined and controlled amount of gymnemic acid—as an extract of Gymnema sylvestre—so as to diminish the lingering sweet aftertaste while at the same time, conserving substantially the same sweet intensity in the first few seconds of the tasting.
In
Now, as illustrated in
In
In the figure, the different samples that were tested are referenced to as follows: sample 1 is a Stevia extract (unpurified) with a high concentration of gymnemic acid; 2 is a Stevia extract (unpurified) with a low concentration of gymnemic acid; 3 is rebaudioside A (from a stevia extract purified at 97%) with a high concentration of gymnemic acid; 4 is rebaudioside A (from a stevia extract purified at 97%) with a low concentration of gymnemic acid. The reference point corresponds to the sweetener taken alone, respectively for the two Stevia and the two Reb A samples.
From
Furthermore, very interestingly and surprisingly, the sample 4 (Reb A with a low concentration of gymnemic acid, in the range of to 122 ppm) provides an identical sweetness intensity compared to that of the reference, while the sweetness persistency is very much reduced, and actually more than that of the sample 3 (Reb A with a higher concentration of gymnemic acid, in the range of 162 ppm).
This proves that at a certain predetermined concentration that is quite low, gymnemic acid not only has an effect on the sweet lingering aftertaste reduction of rebaudioside A, in such a way that Reb A resembles the taste of sucrose in terms of sweetness persistency, but it also has little or no effect on the sweetness intensity of the Reb A, which is very much like that of cane sugar (sucrose). As previously said, this concentration was found to be in the range of—preferably—100 to 180 ppm, when at the same time, the ratio of said gymnemic acid to sucrose should be in the range of 2 to 4 parts of Rebaudioside A for 1 part of gymnemic acid.
With all the testing that was done, it was found that with the mixes thus tested, the intensity is more than 80% that of sucrose, and the lingering sweet aftertaste is reduced by 14% when adding gymnemic acid, such that the sweet perception is stopped (which means that sweetness is hardly or not at all noticeable) within 100 seconds, and in some cases within 90 seconds after the product has been swallowed or spat (without rinsing the mouth).
This is achieved for minimal concentrations of gymnemic acid, which therefore do not impair the sweetness intensity, but are sufficient to ensure that gymnemic acid has a positive effect on the lingering taste reduction.
The following table gives the optimal concentrations of gymnemic acid in ppm, depending on the concentration of rebaudioside A in a sweetening composition or a food composition according to the invention, and for three different gymnemic acid compositions (high content of gymnemic acid, medium, and low content of the composition in gymnemic acid).
In
In
It should be understood that various changes and modifications to the presently preferred embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and without diminishing its attendant advantages. It is therefore intended that such changes and modifications be covered by the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10176118.7 | Sep 2010 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2011/064335 | 8/22/2011 | WO | 00 | 3/11/2013 |
