The present invention relates to a coring reamer. More particularly, it refers to an improved guide bushing for a coring reamer, a storage package for a coring reamer assembly, and a method of using the coring reamer.
In the prior art, it is well known to use a coring reamer to cut a cylindrical bone tunnel at a surgical site. The reamer is coupled to a handpiece that rotates the reamer to facilitate cutting a bone tunnel. For this purpose, the reamer has a cylindrical distal end with sharp teeth formed thereon.
It is also well known to guide such a reamer by employing a guide pin separately and previously driven into or through the bone at the surgical site. As the reamer cuts the bone tunnel, the reamer slides over the guide pin to guide its motion. While the prior art contemplates an interface between the guide pin and the reamer, one aspect of the present invention proposes an improvement thereover.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,423,823 to Schmieding, the guide pin has an enlarged collar that guides the reamer over its peripheral edges. This collar is fixedly mounted on the guide pin or integrally formed therewith and facilitates removing the core from the coring reamer. A prior U.S. Pat. No. 4,696,308 to Meller et al. shows a guide pin with a cylindrical bushing having a cylindrical exterior and a passage therethrough allowing it to be freely slidably mounted over a guide pin. U.S. Pat. No. 5,197,967 to Wilson teaches a trephine instrument including a reamer with a blind passageway therethrough in which is freely slidably mounted a piston having enlarged distal and proximal flanges with the piston being spring biased into the distal direction. The piston is not easily removable from the trephine and the instrument is so designed that any bone core formed by the trephine can be removed by leaving the core attached at one end and pulling the instrument away so the core can be broken off at its distal end. None of this prior art has the advantages of the subject invention.
Applicants are aware of no known prior art relating to handling a reamed bone core other than simply pushing/pulling it out of a reamer onto a surface. Also applicants are not aware of any prior related to packaging suitable for storing coring reamers and usable thereafter to facilitate removal of a bone core from the reamer.
The present invention relates to an improved guide bushing for a coring reamer, a storage package for the reamer assembly, and a method of using the coring reamer. The present invention includes the following interrelated objects, aspects and features:
(1) In a first aspect, the present invention contemplates employing a coring reamer having a cylindrical passageway extending completely therethrough. The coring reamer has a proximal coupling enabling it to be coupled to an adapter which is coupled to a handpiece such as a drill or other instrument designed to impart rotary motion to the reamer. The distal end of the reamer includes a set of teeth surrounding the opening extending therethrough.
(2) The present invention further contemplates a guide bushing consisting of a tapered member having its largest diameter at its proximal end with respect to the reamer and wherein the guide bushing engages an internal cylindrical surface of the reamer with a line contact at its distal end. The guide bushing has a passage extending therethrough sized to slidably receive a guide pin. In a preferred embodiment, the guide bushing is pre-assembled with the coring reamer.
(3) Prior to the reamer being employed, a guide pin is driven into a bone at the surgical site. The reamer/bushing assembly is slid over the guide pin into contact with the bone. Alternatively, if the bushing and reamer are not pre-assembled, the bushing is slid over the guide pin into contact with the bone and the reamer is advanced over the guide pin until the bushing has entered the distal end of the passageway through the reamer.
(4) The handpiece is activated, causing the reamer to rotate, and the surgeon applies a forward pushing force in the distal direction, thereby causing the reamer to excavate a tunnel in the bone. As this excavation takes place, the bushing advances proximally within the reamer while the excavated bone enters the passageway through the reamer with the bone material engaging the distal surface of the bushing throughout the procedure.
(5) Once the tunnel has been formed through the bone, the guide pin, with the reamer attached and with the excavated bone material within the reamer, is removed from the surgical site. A storage package specifically designed for the storing and shipping of the reamer/bushing assembly and, in the preferred embodiment, attaching it to a handpiece is employed to remove the excavated bone core from within the reamer.
(6) The package includes a transparent tube having a closed distal end and an open proximal end, with the open proximal end being closeable with a special cap having a central opening therethrough sized to receive, in coupling relation, the proximal coupling of the coring reamer. The proximal coupling of the coring reamer has a polygonal or other non-circular surface at one portion thereof that mimics a corresponding polygonal or other non-circular surface within the opening formed within the cap. The cap has an enlarged periphery allowing it to be gripped by the fingers of the surgeon or other person.
(7) After the tunnel has been formed, the coring reamer is placed through the cap of the tube, with the adapter that coupled the coring reamer to the handpiece installed on the reamer and extending outside the package tube. A wrench is placed over the adapter and is turned while the user grips the peripheral surfaces of the cap to prevent rotation of the coring reamer, thereby allowing the adapter to be removed from the coring reamer. Thereafter, a plunger is inserted through the opening through the coring reamer from the proximal end thereof and is pushed therethrough until the bone core and bushing fall out of the distal end of the coring reamer and into the tube. Thereafter, the bone core may be removed and the coring reamer, bushing, tube and cap disposed of properly. It should be noted that the storage package can be used to initially couple the coring reamer/bushing assembly to the coupling adapter for assembly on to the handpiece.
As such, it is a first object of the present invention to provide an improved guide bushing for a coring reamer, a storage package for the reamer assembly, and method of using these elements in performing surgery.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide such a device in which the guide bushing engages an inner cylindrical passageway through the coring reamer with a line contact to reduce frictional interaction therebetween.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide such a device wherein the guide bushing includes an internal passageway sized to slidably mount the guide bushing over a guide pin.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide such a device wherein a package is provided to ship the reamer and bushing assembly to the user. Such package also is used to facilitate removal of a bone core therefrom after the reamer assembly has been used.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide such a device wherein the package includes a cap having an enlarged periphery allowing the cap to be non-rotatably gripped by a surgeon to allow attachment and removal of a proximal adapter from the reamer.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide such a device including a plunger sized and configured to slide though the opening through the reamer to allow removal of a bone core and the guide bushing after the reamer has been used.
These and other objects, aspects and features of the present invention will be better understood from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments when read in conjunction with the appended drawing figures.
With reference, first, to
With further reference to
With particular reference to
With particular reference to
The handpiece (not shown) is then activated and the surgeon advances the reamer 10 in the distal direction to cause a bone tunnel to be created in the bone (not shown). As this process is taking place, the reamer 10 advances in the distal direction relative to the bushing 30 as seen in FIG. 7. The bone core 1 created through action of the reamer 10 advancing in the distal direction occupies the passageway 17 of the reamer 10, the bone core thereby pushing the bushing 30 in the proximal direction as shown in FIG. 7. The line contact between the proximal end 33 of the bushing 30 and the walls of the passageway 17 create a minimal amount of frictional interaction therebetween, thereby requiring the surgeon to use a minimal amount of force necessary to advance the reamer 10 within the bone tissue to cut the tunnel therewithin.
Once the tunnel has been created through the bone, the pin 40 is removed from the bone with the coring reamer 10 attached thereto. Thereafter, the pin 40 is pulled out from the reamer 10 leaving the reamer 10 with the bone core 1 and the bushing 30 captured therewithin. At this point, the package described hereinabove is employed. (As will be understood below, the package is used in the preferred embodiment to ship the reamer/bushing assembly and attach it to the handpiece.)
With reference, now, to
With reference to
As seen in
With reference to
With the coring reamer 10 freed of the adapter 23, as depicted in
In summary, the following steps are employed:
(1) The pin 40 is driven into a bone tissue (not shown)
(2) Thereafter, the reamer/bushing assembly is advanced over the guide pin, or alternatively, the bushing 30 is advanced over the pin 40 and the coring reamer 10 is advanced over the pin until the bushing 30 is received within the distal end of the reamer 10 (FIGS. 5 and 6).
(3) Thereafter, the coring reamer 10 is coupled to a handpiece via an adapter 23 (
(4) Once the bone tunnel has been created, the pin 40 and the reamer 10 including the bone core 1 and the flared bushing 30 are removed from the bone tissue. The pin 40 is removed from the reamer 10 and the reamer 10 is installed in the package through the opening 69 within the cap 57 of the package assembly 50.
(5) The wrench 70 is used to remove the adapter 23 from the coring reamer 10 while the user grips the surfaces 63 of the cap 57 of the package assembly 50.
(6) Thereafter, the plunger 80 is inserted through the proximal end of the coring reamer 10 and is advanced through the passageway 17 removing the bone core 1 and the bushing 30 from the distal end thereof.
As mentioned above, package assembly 50 also can be used to ship and store the coring reamer and bushing prior to use. If so, adapter 23 is applied to the coring reamer 10 by wrench 70 as shown in
The reamer, bushing and package are intended to be disposable. The reamer and bushing are preassembled and shipped within the package. Therefore, the user simply needs to attach the adapter to the proximal end of the reamer and attach the entire assembly (adapter, reamer, bushing and package) onto the handpiece, and then the package may be removed. This prevents anyone from having to touch the reamer and also prevents the reamer from being accidentally dropped or nicked or otherwise detrimentally affected. Prepackaging of the bushing within the reamer is done with a fixture (not shown) which squeezes the proximal end 33 of the bushing. This prevents the reamer from scraping the surface of the bushing which might create particulate matter. Shipping the bushing within the reamer prevents the user from ever having to assemble these pieces.
An invention has been disclosed in terms of apparatuses and process for their practice which fulfill each and every one of the objects of the invention as set forth hereinabove, and provide a new and useful guide bushing for coring reamer, storage package for reamer assembly, and method of using, of great novelty and utility.
Of course, various changes, modifications and alterations in he teachings of the present invention may be contemplated by those skilled in the art without departing from the intended spirit and scope thereof.
As such, it is intended that the present invention only be limited by the terms of the appended claims.
This application is a divisional from U.S. application Ser. No. 09/769,666, filed on Jan. 25, 2001, U.S. Pat. No. 6,451,023.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
2262753 | Brennan | Nov 1941 | A |
3750868 | Cooper | Aug 1973 | A |
4620527 | Adams, Jr. | Nov 1986 | A |
4621961 | Gulistan | Nov 1986 | A |
4696308 | Meller et al. | Sep 1987 | A |
4977848 | Currey | Dec 1990 | A |
5197967 | Wilson | Mar 1993 | A |
5423823 | Schmieding | Jun 1995 | A |
5601532 | Gaba | Feb 1997 | A |
5632747 | Scarborough et al. | May 1997 | A |
5678923 | Germanow et al. | Oct 1997 | A |
5928238 | Scarborough et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
6013083 | Bennett | Jan 2000 | A |
6062001 | Kunik | May 2000 | A |
6474472 | Shaw | Nov 2002 | B1 |
Number | Date | Country | |
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20020099383 A1 | Jul 2002 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 09769666 | Jan 2001 | US |
Child | 10104577 | US |