Patent Application
20070094814
The present invention relates to storage-stable fluorescent whitener formulations, a process for their preparation and their use.
The storage-stable fluorescent whitener formulations according to the invention comprise
These novel formulations are suspensions, and are stable for several months even at elevated temperatures.
Within the scope of the above definitions, C1-C8alkyl may be methyl, ethyl, n- or isopropyl, n-, sec.- or t-butyl, or linear or branched pentyl, hexyl, heptyl or octyl. Preferred are C1-C4alkyl groups. In case the alkyl groups are substituted examples of possible substituents are hydroxyl, halogen, like fluorine, chlorine or bromine, sulfo, sulfate, carboxy and C1-C4alkoxy, like methoxy and ethoxy. Other substituents of such alkyl groups are, for example, cyano, —CONH2 and phenyl. Preferred substituents are hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, —COOH, H2NC(NH)NH2, —CONH2 and phenyl, especially hydroxy and carboxy. Furthermore, highly preferred substituents are hydroxy and C1-C4alkoxy, especially hydroxy. The alkyl groups can also be uninterrupted or interrupted by —O— (in case of alkyl groups containing two or more carbon atoms).
Examples for C5-C7cycloalkyl groups are cyclopentyl and especially cyclohexyl. These groups can be unsubstitud or substituted by, for example, C1-C4-alkyl, like methyl. Preferred are the corresponding unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups.
Halogen may be fluorine, chlorine, bromine or Iodine, preferably chlorine.
If R3 and R4 together with the nitrogen atom form a heterocyclic ring such a ring system can be, for example, morpholino, piperidine or pyrrolidine. The heterocylic ring can be unsubstituted or substituted. An example for such substituents is C1-C4alkyl, especially methyl.
The cation M is preferably an alkali metal cation, an alkaline earth metal cation, ammonium or a cation formed from an amine. Preferred are Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, ammonium, mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-C1-C4alkylammonium, mono-, di- or tri-C2-C4-hydroxyalkylammonium or ammonium that is di- or tri-substituted with a mixture of C1-C4-alkyl and C2-C4-hydroxyalkyl groups. Highly preferred is sodium.
R1 and R2 are preferably, independently from each other, hydrogen; unsubstituted C1-C4alkyl or substituted C1-C4alkyl, especially hydrogen.
R3 and R4 are preferably, independently from each other, hydrogen; cyano; C1-C8alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, —COOH, —H2NC(NH)NH2—, —CONH2 or phenyl, especially by hydroxy or carboxy, and wherein the C1-C8alkyl group Is uninterrupted or interrupted by —O—; unsubstituted or C1-C4alkyl-substituted C5-C7cycloalkyl, especially cyclohexyl; or R3 and R4, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form an unsubstituted morpholino, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring or a C1-C4alkyl-substituted morpholino, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring.
More preferably, R3 and R4 are, independently from each other, hydrogen; unsubstituted C1-C8alkyl or hydroxy-substituted C1-C8alkyl; unsubstituted C5-C7cycloalkyl or C1-C4alkyl-substituted CB-cycloalkyl; or R3 and R4, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form an unsubstituted morpholino, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring or C1-C4alkyl-substituted morpholino, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring.
Most preferred meanings for R3 and R4 are, Independently from each other, hydrogen; unsubstituted C1-C8alkyl or hydroxy-unsubstituted C1-C8alkyl; or R3 and R4, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form an unsubstituted morpholino, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring or a C1-C4alkyl-substituted morpholino, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring.
Highly preferred are unsubstituted morpholino, piperidine or pyrrolidine rings or a C1-C4alkyl-substituted morpholino, piperidine or pyrrolidine rings, especially morpholino, formed by R3 and R4 together with the nitrogen atom linking them.
Examples of —N(R3)R4 groups are —NH2; —NHCH3; —NHC2H5; —NH(n-H7); —NH(i-C3H7); —NH(i-C4H9); —N(CH3)2; —N(C2H5)2; —N(i-C3H7)2; —NH(CH2CH2OH); —N(CH2CH2OH)2; —N(CH2CH(OH)CH3)2; —N(CH3)(CH2CH2OH); —N(C2H5)(CH2CH2OH); —N(i-C3H7)(CH2CH2CH2OH); —NH(CH2CH(OH)CH3); —N(C2H5)(CH2CH(OH)CH3); —NH(CH2CH2OCH3); —NH(CH2CH2OCH2CH2OH); —NH(CH2COOH); —NH(CH2CH2COOH); —N(CH3)(CH2COOH); —NH(CN);
R5 is preferably unsubstituted C1-C8alkyl or substituted C1-C8alkyl, especially C1-C4alkyl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by C1-C4alkoxy or especially hydroxy. Highly preferred for R5 is methyl or ethyl, especially methyl.
X1, X2, X3 and X4 are preferably a radical of formula —N(R3)R4.
X1 and X3 have preferably the same meanings. In addition it is preferred that X2 and X4 have preferably the same meanings. Furthermore, it is preferred that the four radicals X1, X2, X3 and X4 do not have identical meanings.
Preferred are compounds of formula (1), wherein
R1 and R2 are, independently from each other, hydrogen or unsubstituted C1-C4alkyl, each X1, X2, X3 and X4 is Independently from each other a radical of formula —N(R3)R4 or OR5, wherein
Highly preferred are compounds of formula (1), wherein
R1 and R2 are, independently from each other, hydrogen or unsubstituted C1-C4alkyl,
X1 and X3 are —NH2, and
X2 and X4 are a radical of formula —N(R3)R4, wherein
Of particular interest are compounds of formula (1), wherein
R1 and R2 are, independently from each other, hydrogen or unsubstituted C1-C2alkyl,
X1 and X3 are —NH2, and
X2 and X4 are a radical of formula —N(R3)R4, wherein
Most interesting compounds of formula (1) are those wherein R3 and R4, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form an unsubstituted morpholino, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring or a C1-C4alkyl-substituted morpholino, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring.
The amount of the compound(s) of formula (1) is from 5 to 60% by weight, preferably 5 to 50% by weight, more preferably 10 to 50% by weight, most preferably 10 to 45% by weight, based on the total weight of the whitener formulation.
The compounds of formulae (1) are known or can be prepared in analogy to known processes.
Compounds of formula (1) may be produced by reacting, under known reaction conditions, cyanuric chloride, successively, in any desired sequence, with each of 4,4′-diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid, and amino compounds capable of introducing the groups X1, X2, X3 and X4. Preferably, 2 moles of cyanuric chloride are initially reacted with 1 mole of 4,4′-diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid and then reacting the intermediate obtained in any order with amino compounds capable of introducing the groups X1, X2, X3 and X4. For the preparation of compounds wherein X1 and X3 having the same meaning, and also X2 and X4 have the same meaning, it is preferred to react the intermediate obtained first with an amino compound capable of introducing X1 and X3, and, finally with an amino compound capable of Introducing X2 and X4. It is also possible to carry out the reaction with the amino compounds in one step by reacting the intermediate with a mixture of amino compounds; in such a case usually corresponding mixtures of compounds of formula (1) are obtained.
Compounds of formula (1) containing a radical of formula —ON can for example be prepared by first reacting cyanuric chloride with the corresponding alcohol HORN, reacting the product obtained with 4,4′-diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid and then reacting the Intermediate with further compounds capable of introducing the remaining groups of X1, X2, X3 and X4. The last reaction is preferably carried out with the corresponding amines.
The anionic polysaccharides which can be used according to the invention belong to the group of modified polysaccharides which can be derived from cellulose, starch or the heteropolysaccharides, it being possible for the side chains to contain further monosaccharides, for example mannose and glucuronic acid. Examples of anionic polysaccharides are sodium alginate, carboxymethylated guar, carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethyl-starch, carboxymethylated locust bean flour and, particularly preferably, xanthan gum.
The amount of polysaccharide is 0.01 to 1% by weight, a range from 0.05 to 0.5% by weight being preferred and a range of 0.1 to 0.3% by weight being particularly preferred, in each case based on the total weight of the whitener formulation. However, these ranges can be exceeded in formulations of very high concentration or very low concentration.
One or more alkali metal salts and salts of lower carboxylic acids, for example, can be used as the electrolyte. Examples of electrolytes are sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium formate, sodium citrate or one of the corresponding potassium salts, and mixtures of these electrolytes. Sodium chloride, sodium citrate and the formates are preferred here. The amount of electrolyte can be 0 to 25% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight and most preferably 0.5 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the whitener formulation.
Dispersants which can be used are those of the anionic or nonionic type. Examples of these are alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkyl or alkenyl ether-sulfonate salts, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, alkyl or alkylene ether-carboxylic salts, sulfo-fatty acid salts or esters, phosphate esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl or alkenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylvinyl ethers, polyoxypropylene alkyl or alkenyl ethers, polyoxybutylene alkyl or alkenyl ethers, higher fatty acid alkanolamides or alkylene oxide adducts, sucrose/fatty acid esters, fatty acid/glycol monoesters, alkylamine oxides and condensation products of aromatic sulfonic acids with formaldehyde, and lignin-sulfonates, or mixtures of the abovementioned dispersants. The condensation products of aromatic sulfonic acids with formaldehyde, and lignin-sulfonates are preferred. Condensation products of naphthalenesulfonic acids with formaldehyde and of ditolyl ether-sulfonic acids with formaldehyde are particularly preferred.
The content of dispersant is 0 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the whitener formulation, preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, most preferably 0.2 to 5% by weight.
The storage-stable fluorescent whitener formulations according to the invention can further comprise
0-30% by weight, based on the total weight of the whitener formulation, of at least one further fluorescent whitener of formula (2)
wherein
R6 and R8, independently from each other, are hydrogen; unsubstituted C1-C8alkyl or substituted C1-C8alkyl,
R7 and R9, independently from each other, are hydrogen; unsubstituted phenyl; unsubstituted C1-C8alkyl or substituted C1-C8alkyl, or
NR6R7 and/or NR8R9 form a morpholino ring,
and M is hydrogen or a cation,
and/or of at least one further fluorescent whitener of formula (3)
wherein
R10 and R11, independently from each other, are hydrogen; substituted C1-C8alkyl or unsubstituted C1-C8alkyl; C1-C8alkoxy or halogen, and M is hydrogen or a cation.
Preferred compounds of formula (2) are those wherein
R6 and R8, independently from each other, are hydrogen; unsubstituted C1-C4alkyl or substituted C1-C4alkyl,
R7 and R9, independently from each other, are unsubstituted phenyl; unsubstituted C1-C4alkyl or substituted C1-C4alkyl, or
NR6R7 and/or NR8R9 form a morpholino ring,
and M is an alkali metal atom, an alkaline earth metal atom, ammonium or a cation formed from an amine.
More preferred compounds of formula (2) are those wherein
R6 and R8, independently from each other, are hydrogen; unsubstituted C1-C2alkyl or C1-C4alkyl, which is substituted by hydroxy or C1-C4alkoxy,
R7 and R9, independently from each other, are unsubstituted phenyl; unsubstituted C1-C2alkyl or C1-C4alkyl, which is substituted by hydroxy or C1-C4alkoxy, or
NR6R7 and/or NR8R9 form a morpholino ring,
and M is an alkali metal atom.
Especially preferred compounds of formula (2) are those of formula (2a)
wherein
R′6 is hydrogen; unsubstituted C1-C2alkyl or C1-C4alkyl, which is substituted by hydroxy or C1-C4alkoxy,
R′7 is unsubstituted phenyl; unsubstituted C1-C2alkyl or C1-C4alkyl, which is substituted by hydroxy or C1-C4alkoxy, or
NR′6R′7 forms a morpholino ring,
and M is an alkali metal atom, preferably sodium.
Example of such preferred compounds of formula (2) are those of formula (2b)-(2f)
Preferred compounds of formula (3) are those wherein
R10 and R11, independently from each other, are hydrogen; unsubstituted C1-C4alkyl or substituted C1-C4alkyl; C1-C4alkoxy or halogen, and M is hydrogen or a cation.
Compounds of formula (2) and (3) as well as their process of production are known.
In the mixtures of compounds of formulae (1) and (2) and/or (3) the molar ratio of compound (1) to compound (2) and/or compound (3) is usually in the range of from 0.1:99.9 to 99.9:0.1, preferably from 1:99 to 99:1 and more preferably from 5:95 to 95:5. Highly preferred is a molar ratio of from 10:90 to 90:10, especially 20:80 to 80:20. Most important is a molar ratio of from 30:70 to 70:30, especially 40:60 to 60:40.
The content of the further fluorescent whitener(s) is 0-30% by weight, based on the total weight of the whitener formulation, preferably 0 to 25% by weight, more preferably 0 to 20% by weight.
If appropriate, the whitener formulation according to the invention can further comprise optional components; examples are preservatives or mixtures of preservatives, such as chloroacetamide, triazine derivates, benzoisothiazolines, 2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3 on, 2-octyl-2H-isothiazol-3on, 2-brom-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol or aqueous formaldehyde solution; Mg/Al silicates or mixtures of Mg/Al silicates, such as bentonite, montmorillonite, zeolites or highly disperse silicic acids; odour improvers and perfuming agent or mixtures thereof; antifoam agents or mixtures thereof; builders or mixtures thereof; protective colloids or mixtures thereof; stabilizers or mixtures thereof, sequestering agents and antifreeze agents or mixtures thereof, such as propylene glycol.
The content of these optional components is 0 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the whitener formulation, preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, most preferably 0.2 to 5% by weight.
Examples of suitable builders or protective colloids are modified polysaccharides derived from cellulose or heteropolysaccharides, such as xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohols (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVP), polyethylene glycols (PEG) and aluminium silicates or magnesium silicates. They are usually used in a concentration range of 0.01 to 2% by weight and preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the whitener formulation.
Examples of auxiliaries which can be used for stabilization are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or dispersants in an amount of 0.2 to 5% by weight and preferably 0.3 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the whitener formulation.
Compounds which are used as preservatives are chloroacetamide, triazine derivates, benzoisothiazolines, 2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3 on, 2-octyl-2H-isothiazol-3 on, 2-brom-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol or aqueous formaldehyde solution in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by weight and preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the whitener formulation.
A preferred storage-stable fluorescent whitener formulation according to the invention comprises
A more preferred storage-stable fluorescent whitener formulations according to the invention comprises
An especially preferred storage-stable fluorescent whitener formulation according to the invention comprises
The storage-stable formulations of this invention are prepared by mixing the moist filter cake or also the dry powder, which comprises at least one fluorescent whitening agent of formula (1) In an amount of 5-60% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation, with 0.01-1% by weight of an anionic polysaccharide and water, and homogenising the formulations.
The desired content of anionic fluorescent whitening agent in the suspension can be adjusted either by addition of water, aqueous electrolyte, suspension, further fluorescent agent(s) of formulae (2) and/or (3) or further dry powder to the moist filter cake. This adjustment can be made before, during or after addition of the anionic polysaccharide.
The concentrated formulation thus prepared can be used for the fluorescent whitening of paper or textile material, for example in detergents. To this end, they are in general diluted to the optimum concentration for the practical application by the addition of further components or water.
The novel storage-stable fluorescent whitener formulations are used in particular for incorporation into washing agents, for example by allowing the required amount of the fluorescent whitener formulation according to the invention to run from a tank into a mixing device which contains a suspension of the washing agent or the dispersant.
It is also possible to prepare a solid form of the formulation according to the present invention. Such a solid formulation can be prepared according to conventional methods, such as for example spray drying.
The present invention accordingly also relates to a process for the preparation of solid and liquid washing agents, and to the washing agents obtained by this process, which comprises mixing, for example, a suspension of detergents customary for washing agents with a suspension, according to the invention, of whiteners, and drying the mixture. The drying procedure here can be carried out by, for example, a spray-drying method.
The following examples illustrate the invention, without limiting it thereto. Percentage data relate to the total weight of the formulation.
With stirring, the components listed below are mixed and homogenised at 20° C.,
30.0% by weight of the fluorescent whitening agent of formula
0.5% by weight of propylene glycol;
0.25% by weight of Xanthan,
0.4% by weight of Acticide MBS® (Trade name of Acti-Chem Specialties Inc.) and deionised water to make up 100%.
With stirring, the components listed below are mixed and homogenised at 20° C.,
11.1% by weight of the fluorescent whitening agent of formula
18.9% by weight of the fluorescent whitening agent of formula
0.5% by weight of propylene glycol;
0.25% by weight of Xanthan,
0.4% by weight of Acticide MBS® (Trade name of Acti-Chem Specialties Inc.)
0.001% by weight of Surfynol 104 PG 50 ® (Trade name of Air Products and Chemicals Inc.) and deionised water to make up 100%.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 03405420.5 | Jun 2003 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP04/50983 | 6/2/2004 | WO | 12/7/2005 |
