Patent Application
20220412166
Embodiments of the present disclosure find applicability in the field of horizontal directional drilling. One useful field includes systems for placing gas, water, sewer, or other underground pipes, and/or for laying cable underground, including electrical, telephone and fiber optic cable.
Directional drilling machines and methods of use are well-known and well-characterized in the art. Also referred to in the art as boring, thrusting or horizontal drilling, the technology allows for the laying of pipe and cable underground (e.g., gas, water, sewer and drain pipes; ducts; power cables, telecommunication cables, including fiber optic cables, and the like) without needing to excavate or cut open the ground surface along the length of the pipe or cable to be installed. Typically, the process is executed by boring into the ground at an angle to a desired depth, then changing to a horizontal drilling direction. In “pit launched” applications, entry into the ground occurs from a first or “entry” access pit dug into the ground. For drilling distances on the order of 500 ft or less, and pipe or conduits of about 8-inches or less, the drill or boring apparatus can be placed inside the pit, and drilling occurs substantially horizontally from the start. The drill can gain its directional ability by means of an angled steering blade in the drill head behind which typically is a transmitter or locater beacon (e.g., “sonde” or GPS locator) that relays information to an above-ground operator so that drilling height and direction can be manipulated remotely to avoid obstacles and arrive at an intended location.
Directional boring machines are generally configured to drive a series of drill rods joined end-to-end to form a drill string. At the drilling destination, a second access pit or “exit” pit is provided. Alternatively, the destination can be inside or under a building, typically a basement or underground crawl space. When the drill head penetrates the second access/destination pit wall, the drill head is removed in the pit, and a pipe or conduit cable is attached to the drill string, optionally behind a rotating reamer head that serves to enlarge the bore as the pipe or cable is being pulled back through the bore by the retracting drill string. Once the pipe or cable is pulled through the bore hole to the entry access pit, it is disconnected from the drill string, and connected as desired to the service source and service receiver. Patent publications U.S. Pat. Nos. 10,982,497; 6,109,831; 5,205,671; 3,554,298; EP 0 904 461; and WO 2013/055389 are representative of the art.
Small model trenchless directional drills (having pullback ratings in the range of about 20,0000 pounds or less), currently make up over 60% of the horizontal directional drilling market. Pit launch models, characterized by a hydraulic drive motor that sits in the entry pit to be operated from within the pit, are particularly attractive for operations requiring in the range of about 5,000-20,000 pounds of pullback, drilling lengths in the range of less than about 1,000 ft, and small diameter pipe (typically about 4-inches or less). There is an on-going desire and need for developing small model pit-launched trenchless directional drills that are easy to operate, rugged, and provide the desired pull back capacity and speed without being cumbersome to transport and install.
Current pit launch models typically comprise a chassis or stationary frame that provides means for bracing the device against the front and back end of the entry pit, and a moveable component, typically comprising a hydraulic drive mechanism, that can move or slide the length of the chassis or stationary frame, and is competent to drive a drill stem into the ground from the pit to create a bore hole, and then pull the drill stem back into the pit, typically together with an attached pipe. Generally, the moveable hydraulic drive mechanism also has hydraulic controls for operator manipulation, generally from within the pit. Depending on the size of the pit and the pounds of pullback required, the pit launch device itself may sit within a larger metal box, sometimes referred to as a shoring box and can be stackable, which itself may define the entry pit.
The moveable components of pit launch models in the art generally rely on a glide system of some sort. For example, certain models are designed with the drive motor sliding along a central longitudinal beam that also provides support and stabilization during the drilling operation. Other glide systems have the drive motor suspended between the parallel walls of the chassis frame, and slide along on top of the frame. Commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 10,982,497, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference, describes a pit launch device utilizing parallel mechanical linear actuator means to move the carriage along the frame, including a toothed rack and gear, or rack and pinion, system.
Current pit launch models in the art also are designed and fabricated to provide a small device footprint where possible, and ease of movability and positioning in an excavated launch pit. Typically, the operator stands next to the device, inside the pit, operating the drill stem longitudinal movement and rotational direction from a position outside the the pit launch device's stationary frame.
It is an on-going desire in the industry to provide for small model pit-launched horizontal directional drilling machines that are lightweight, compact, easy to install and set-up, easy for an operator to operate in the field, require minimal maintenance, particularly in the field, and which provide maximum life.
The present disclosure describes improvements in small model pit-launched directional drills and components thereof and methods of use that reduce the overall size and weight of the device, provide a smaller excavation foot print, and greater ease and comfort for operator use.
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This summary is not intended to identify key features of the claimed subject matter on its own, nor is it intended to be used on its own as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
In accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure, provided herein is a pit launch device comprising a straddle seat allowing an operator to sit within the chassis frame of the device, and manipulate the device from a seated position. In another embodiment a pit launch device is provided with a reduced excavation foot print. In another embodiment, a pit launch device is provided wherein the carriage component height is in the range of about 24-36 inches. In still another embodiment, a pit launch device is provided having an overall width in the range of about 22 inches. In another embodiment the pit launch device disclosed herein has an overall length in the range of about 57 inches long. In still another embodiment, a pit launch device is provided with push and pull force in the range of about 8 tons. In still another embodiment, a pit launch device is provided wherein the operator can straddle the carriage component in a seated position and the device has a rotational torque in the range of about 800 lbs. in still another embodiment the straddle seat device disclosed herein weighs in the range of about 700-800 lbs.
These and other attendant features and aspects of the present disclosure will be apparent from the drawings, detailed description and claims which follow.
The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this disclosure will become more readily appreciated as the same become better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide devices, components, mechanisms and methods of use for directional drilling in confined spaces, and more particularly for horizontal directional drilling using a lightweight, portable, pit launch device having enhanced function and durability.
The pit launch hydraulic horizontal drilling devices disclosed herein are compact, lightweight and portable. Moreover, because the pit launch devices are designed so that the operator can straddle the carriage component located within the stationary frame, the pit paunch device disclosed herein can reduce the excavation foot print required for pit launches. In one embodiment, useful pit launch devices as disclosed herein can have a width in the range of about 22 inches and length in the range of about 57 inches. In another embodiment the carriage component height can be in the range of about 22-36 inches. The devices can be dimensioned to accommodate 18-inch, 2-ft or 3-ft drill stem pipes, with thrust and pullback power in the range of at least about 8 tons, providing rotational torque in the range of at least about 800 lbs, and capable of delivering drill stems or strings distances underground in the range of at least about 100-500 ft. The bore glide devices disclosed herein are useful trenchless installations for sewer laterals, water lines, gas, electric conduits and communication, including fiber optic.
Referring first to
Chassis component 14 can include a floor plate 32, back plate 16, front plate 17, and corner plate 26. Floor plate 32 can be solid and/or include one or a plurality of openings, which can be useful for allowing water to pass through. Back plate 16 also can include a moveable extension or tailstock 18 that can provide a device with enhanced flexibility for drilling in different size pits and drilling different length drill stems (e.g., 18-in, 2-ft and 3-ft). Chassis component 14 also can include a side frame lip 24.
Front plate 17 also can include an aperture 30 through which a drill stem 12 can be bored into the earth in a substantially horizontal manner, forming a drill string when drill stem stem joint 46 is coupled to another stem 12. Aperture 30 also can include a wiper plate which itself can have an aperture. Wiper plates can can be useful in wiping liquid and/or debris off a drill string, particularly when the drill string is being retrieved during a cable or conduit pulling operation. Corner plates 26 can include means for facilitating lifting and/or positioning of a device 10 in a pit. In the figures carry loop openings 28 provide openings through which a chain can pass, for example, or a hook engaged, so that the device can be lifted in and out of position by mechanical means, such as with a skid steer, for example.
Front plate 17 also can include a mechanism for easily and quickly breaking or cracking open pipe section joints created using devices of the present disclosure. Such a mechanism can be a rotation inhibiting element. One useful mechanism illustrated in the figures, includes a breakout wrench 40 with handle, a wrench jaw 44 which functions as a horseshoe wrench, and a linear slide means or wrench glide means 42 along which jaw 44 can move into position on the joint to be cracked. Jaw 44 can have flared or angled or chamfered edges that allow ease of positioning the wrench on the drill stem joint 46. Wrench 40's handle can be used to position jaw 44 on the joint. Slide or glide means 42 also can serve to limit lateral movement of the horseshoe wrench about the joint and thereby limit or otherwise inhibit excess rotation of wrench jaw 44 about the radial axis of the stem joint. The integrated breakout wrench system is disclosed in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 10,982,497. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other mechanisms can be used to advantage.
Chassis 20 can be centrally located along the chassis component 14 longitudinal axis and can include the means for engaging with carriage component 50. As illustrated in the figures, the carriage engagement means can comprise a pair of parallel, opposing gear racks 22, also known as as toothed rods or bars, and which engage with the hydraulic gear drive mechanism on carriage component 50 using, for example, a rack and pinion gear system. Toothed racks having a substantially continuous, and substantially straight tooth profile, can be used to advantage. Gear racks 22 also can include a track roller glide surface 34 for engaging with track rollers or bearings on the carriage. Roller glide surfaces can include rails, I-channels and U-channels. In the embodiments illustrated, the parallel opposing gear racks face out from the lateral sides of chassis 20, each rack engaging with a rotating gear drive gear 60 on carriage component 50; each gear drive gear driven by an independent gear drive hydraulic motor 52 also on carriage component 50 (see below, and
In the embodiments illustrated, carriage component 50 can include a hydraulic gear drive mechanism 56 competent to move carriage component 50 forward and back along chassis 20, and a hydraulic rotational drive mechanism competent to drive the rotational motion of a drill stem in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction as needed to add or remove an attached drill stem to or from a drill string. The drive mechanisms and the hydraulic steering gear unit 52 for directing hydraulic fluid flow into and out of the drives can be arranged on a carriage drive mechanism platform 88. In the figures, platform 88 can comprise a floor to which rotation drive motor 58 and gear drive motors 52 are secured, with parallel opposing side panels extending down from the platform floor. A gear back plate 86 extends up from the back end of platform 88, behind gear drive motors 58.
Referring to
Rotational drive motor 58 can be positioned horizontally on platform 88, in front of drive motors 52, and hydraulic steering gear unit 54 positioned on top of rotational drive 58. In one embodiment, rotational drive motor 58 can be a single, direct drive motor that does not require a gear box. In the figures, steering gear unit 54 can include a joy stick, lever or other control means for manipulating the directions of the drives. For example, Lever 72 can control the direction of the two drive motors 52, directing movement of carriage component 50 forward and back along chassis 20. Lever 74 can control direction of drill stem rotation drive motor 58 such that the attached drill stem rotates clockwise, counterclockwise or not at all, as desired. As illustrated in the figures, levers 72 and 74 can be positioned and dimensioned for easy reach and manipulation by an operator seated on straddle seat 82, and straddle seat 82 can have an opening at its front end to accommodate the levers.
The figures illustrate one exemplary, non-limiting configuration of hydraulic hoses and couplers 70 for providing hydraulic fluid to and from the various motors and steering unit. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other configurations can be fabricated and be effective. If desired, one or more source fluid couplers can extend up through one or more openings in straddle seat 82, as illustrated in
As stated above, hydraulic motor 58 can translate rotational motion to an attached drill stem. Means for coupling drill stems to a rotational drive motor are well characterized in the art. One embodiment, illustrated here and described in detail in commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 10,982,497, can include an integrated wrench collar pivot positioning mechanism. In the '497 patent, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference, the rotational drive motor can include a water spindle and associated drill stem adapter. In horizontal drilling devices, wrench collars can be used to advantage to preferentially and selectively inhibit rotation of an attached pipe stem by collaring and holding the stem joint created between a stem pipe 12 and its carriage component attachment point. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, when a direct drive motor is used for rotational drive, a functional stem adapter can be provided by bearings internal to the drive motor, eliminating the need for a standard stem adapter. In the illustrated embodiment, a free drill stem can be coupled to a stem adapter associated with the rotational drive. Wrench collar 78 is positionable on and off the formed stem joint by means of wrench collar handle 80. Collar 78 can be substantially hollow with an interior circumference dimensioned and contoured to engage with and hold the drill stem joint when positioned on the joint. This action, for example, can prevent undesired unthreading when pipe sections are being cracked open using a breakout wrench during pipe string retrieval.
Chassis dimensions can be built as desired. Dimensions need to accommodate drill stem, motors and gearing mechanisms, stacking components to allow for the optimum straddle seat height for an operator to straddle the carriage comfortably and provide for a narrow, shallow chassis component so that the operator's legs fit comfortably. One preferred chassis component width is in the range of about 22 inches. Device 10 can be placed in, braced against, and/or bolted to the front and back of an entry pit as is. Alternatively, device 10 can be placed inside a larger box or series of vertically stackable shoring boxes that provide the pit launch parameters. Choice of materials for chassis and drive unit fabrication are within the skill of the art to determine, with attention given to selecting materials of suitable strength, load capacity and durability, among other standard criteria.
In operation, a straddle seat pit launch device is provided to an excavated pit. In one embodiment the excavated pit dimensions include a width in the range of about 30-48 inches and the pit launch device width is in the range of about 22 inches. In another embodiment the straddle seat height can be in the range of about 24-36 inches. The operator enters the pit and attaches hydraulic fluid source hose leads to couplers 90 and 92. If a case drain is needed, for example if a direct drive motor is used, a case drain extraction hose can be attached to coupler 98. A water source can be attached at coupler 76. Fluids are provided to the device by way of the couplers by personnel at the ground surface. Wearing a head set to communicate with a sonde reader at the ground surface, the operator positions him/herself on the straddle seat, with his/her feet in foot plates 96, and attaches a first provided drill stem to adapter 68, the drill stem having at its front end a drill head and sonde indicator. The operator then manipulates lever 72 to move carriage component 50 forward along chassis 12 until the drill head is at the pit face.
Seated on the straddle seat with his/her feet in the foot plates, the operator moves with the carriage component along chassis 20. When the carriage component is at or near its forward-most position on chassis 20, the operator engages the rotational drive by manipulating lever 74 so that the drill head can rotate as it drills into the ground surface at the pit face. The operator also can engage water valve 76 so that water is provided through the drill stem to the drill head. When the carriage component and the seated operator are at the forward-most position on chassis 20, the operator uncouples the drill stem from adapter 68 (see below) and manipulate lever 72 to move himself/herself and the carriage component back along chassis 20 to its first, drill stem re-set position.
This example describes an operation embodiment utilizing the breakout wrench and mechanisms described herein to release drill stems from the carriage component once the drill stem has been coupled to an existing drill string and horizontally pushed, rotated or drilled into the earth until the carriage component is at or near the the chassis component front plate 17. During drilling, when the carriage is in a full forward position, a free drill pipe stem has been threaded onto and added to an existing drill string and the drill string has been drilled forward into the ground such that the carriage/pipe stem joint now is at or near front plate 17 and front plate aperture 30. This location is sometimes referred to in the art as the “pit face” and can define the forward-most or second limiting position for carriage component 50.
The carriage/pipe stem joint now needs to be cracked or broken open to release the drive unit from the drill string. Breakout wrench 40 is positioned on the joint by the operator, seated on straddle seat 82, typically by means of the wrench handle. The operator then engages the rotational hydraulic drive by means of lever 74 to rotate the drill stem, “breaking open” the joint and unthreading the stem from the drive unit. The drive unit now is released from the drill string. The operator then removes breakout wrench 40 from its joint position, again by maneuvering wrench 40's handle, and the carriage can be moved back to its rear-most position in the chassis (also referred to herein as the first limiting position) by the operator manipulating lever 72. At this first position, a new stem pipe is threaded onto the connection means associated with rotational drive motor 58 by the operator to form a new carriage/pipestem joint. The operator then engages carriage drive motors 52 by means of lever 72 to move carriage component 50 forward, and engages rotational drive motor 58 via lever 74 so the free stem joint end 46 of attached drill stem 12 pipe can be threaded onto the exposed and available stem end of the drilled string.
Once threaded onto the existing string, the operator manipulates the hydraulic drive unit again via lever 72 so the carriage moves forward again along the chassis longitudinal axis, drilling the newly added pipe into the earth, until the carriage reaches it second limiting position at the pit face again. The operator also can have opened water valve 76 during this step so that water flows through attached drill stem's hollow interior through the drill string to the drill head at the front of the drill string. When carriage component 50 is at the pit face, the operator can break open the carriage/pipe stem joint now at the pit face with assistance of breakout wrench 40, as before, and the process repeats until the desired drill string length as been created.
In this example, one embodiment for retrieving drill stems is described using the wrench collar 78 disclosed herein. When a drill string is being retrieved, the joint between pipe stem adapter 68 and the drill string first can be cracked open by the operator on the straddle seat as described above in Example 2. The operator then positions collar 78 on the carriage/pipe stem joint by means of wrench collar handle 80, and then moves carriage component 50 back along chassis 20 by manipulating lever 72 until carriage component 50 is at the back end of cassis component 14, in its full re-set position, bringing with it the pipe string so that the next proximal forward pipe joint is retracted from the embedded bore hole in the earth and available to the drill stem joint wrench breakout system.
Breakout wrench 40 then can be used to crack open this newly exposed joint so that the newly exposed pipe stem can be easily unthreaded from the drill string. The operator then moves collar 78 off the carriage/pipe stem joint by means of handle 80 and manipulates the hydraulic rotational means lever 74 to unthread drill stem 12 from the carriage component 50. The free pipe is removed and the operator moves carriage component 50 forward along chassis 20 to the pit face. The operator engages the rotation drive motor to thread onto the newly exposed stem joint at the pit face, then uses collar handle 80 to position collar 78 onto the new carriage/pipe stem joint, and the carriage is pulled back again to retrieve the next stem. The operator uses the breakout wrench 40 and the jaw 44 mechanism to crack open the newly exposed stem joint, then moves the carriage back along the chassis to the chassis component back end, pulling the “cracked” drill stem with it.
Once in the full re-set position, the operator moves collar 78 off the carriage/pipe stem joint, and removes the free drill stem. The operator then moves the carriage forward to the exposed drill string free end, and engages the carriage rotational drive motor to the exposed free end of the drill string. The process and steps are repeated until the string is completely retrieved and the drill head or reamer, along with any attached pipe or conduit, have been pulled through the pit face and launch device front plate opening into the chassis interior.
It will be appreciated by those having skill in the art that the embodiments illustrated here are exemplary and that, provided with the instant disclosure, a range of means for constructing straddle seat pit launch devices now can be fabricated by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue experimentation. In the examples provided, it also will be appreciated that the order of steps are exemplary and illustrative and that some steps can occur concurrently or in a different order without negatively impacting the efficacy of the method described.
Embodiments of this disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the disclosure being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. While illustrative embodiments have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that various changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application U.S. Ser. No. 63/215,557, filed Jun. 28, 2021, the disclosure of which is hereby expressly incorporated in its entirety by reference herein.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 63215557 | Jun 2021 | US |
