TREA

Strawberry Jewel

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Information

  • Patent Grant
  • PP5897
  • Patent Number
    PP5,897
  • Date Filed
    Tuesday, July 2, 1985
    39 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, March 10, 1987
    38 years ago
  • US Classifications
    Field of Search
    • US
    • PLT 48
    • PLT 49
  • International Classifications
    • A01H500
Information
Abstract
A strawberry plant which has large fruit, all-around performance and good fruit quality.
Description

SUMMARY
This invention is a new and distinct variety of strawberry (Fragaria.times.Ananassa) which is exceptional for its very attractive large fruit, all-around performance and good fruit quality.
ORIGIN
This new cultivar was developed by the small fruits breeding program of the Department of Horticultural Sciences, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, N.Y. The cross was N.Y. 1221.times.`Holiday`, which was made in 1969. The specific clone was the sole selection of 292 seedlings from the cross and was selected in June 1971. It has been extensively tested under the number N.Y. 1324. In the fall of 1985, N.Y. 1324 will be named `Jewel`. ##STR1##
DESCRIPTION
N.Y. 1324 has a moderately vigorous plant growth habit. The trifoliate leaves are borne on erect to semierect moderately stout petioles. The petioles are covered with a moderately dense coating of hairs which are generally perpendicular to the petiole epidermis or tending to tilt slightly toward the apical end. The leaflet shape is generally oval to round with approximately straight edges at the base subtending an obtuse angle. Leaflet margins are coarsely toothed. Leaflet upper epidermis is smooth, slightly ridged between lateral veins, dark green and lightly populated with hairs. The lower epidermis is smooth and light green with few hairs.
N.Y. 1324 spreads by means of runners of moderate vigor and number, producing a matted row of medium plant density when that cultural method is used. It also appears well adapted to ribbon-row culture. Propagation is by means of the runner plants and by tissue culture. N.Y. 1324 is adapted to the Northeastern, Great Lakes and Midwestern regions of the United States. It is a hardy and consistent-cropping cultivar resistant to mildew and leaf spot but susceptible to verticillium wilt and red stele.
The fruit of N.Y. 1324 ripens in mid-to-late-midseason. The primary and secondary berries are medium to large, bright red, glossy and blunt-conic to oblate in shape. Tertiary and quarternary berries are smaller and mostly round. Seeds are yellow and set flush with, or slightly raised above, the berry surface. The calyx is medium to large in size, attractive, medium green in color, slightly reflexed and set into a slightly depressed basal surface of the berry. The berry skin is better than average in abrasion resistance. The flesh is slightly firmer than average. The berry color is a bright red, corresponding to Red 46A of The Royal Horticultural Society (London) Colour Chart. The flavor is moderately sweet and slightly acid with some of the aromatic quality of its parent, `Holiday`. Picking ease is good, with the pedicel tending to snap cleanly a short distance below the calyx.
Table 1 sets forth mean maturity dates based on a 1982 field trial. Traditional cultivars are underlined. Mean date of harvest was calculated on a weighted basis. Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different, based on Waller and Duncan's BSD test, K=100.
Table 2 sets forth mean subjective fruit skin toughness scores. Traditional cultivars are underlined. Skin toughness was subjectively determined by rubbing the skin of several berries in the hand from each replicate of each genotype. Each plot at each harvest (replicate) was scored independently. Each genotype was rated 1 to 9 with `9` being most resistant to skin abrasion.
Table 3 sets forth mean Instron measurements from 1982 (firmest fruit listed first). Traditional cultivars are underlined. Each genotype mean score reflects the force required for the Instron probe to penetrate the flesh of undamaged berries. Twelve berries were tested of each genotype on the same day of harvest for each harvest date. Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different, based on Waller and Duncan's BSD test, K=100.
Table 4 sets forth mean berry weight of 29 strawberry genotypes based upon 1982 field trials. Traditional cultivars are underlined. Mean berry weight was determined by dividing total yield per plot by total number of berries per plot. Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different based on Waller and Duncan's BDS test, K=100.
Table 5 sets forth mean subjective fruit appearance scores. Traditional cultivars are underlined. Berries were rated 1 to 9 with `9` being the most attractive. Each plot at each harvest (replicate) was scored independently. Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different, based upon Waller and Duncan's BSD test, K=100.
Table 6 sets forth mean subjective flavor scores. Traditional cultivars are underlined. Berries were rated 1 to 9 with `9` being best flavor. Each plot at each harvest (replicate) was scored independently. Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different, based on Waller and Duncan's BSD test, K=100.
Table 7 sets forth fruit rot incidence on strawberry cultivars and selections tested in 1978. Shown is the combined score for all rots (Botrytis, soft rots and white mold). Data supplied by Dr. H. S. Aldwinckle, Department of Plant Pathology, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station.
TABLE 1______________________________________Mean maturity date of NY 1324 vs. other cultivars.Gentoype Mean Weighted Date of Harvest.sup.1______________________________________`Earlidawn` June 23 A`Midland` June 24 ABNY 1402 June 25 ABCMDUS 4380 June 26 BCD`Lester` June 26 BCDMDUS 4355 June 26 BCDNY 1524 June 26 BCDMDUS 4774 June 26 BCD`Catskill` June 27 CDENY 1560 June 27 CDEF`Honeoye` June 28 DEFG`Holiday` June 28 DEFGNY 1530 June 28 DEFGMDUS 4579 June 28 DEFGH`Raitan` June 28 DEFGHINY 1570 June 29 EFGHIJNY 1333 June 29 FGHIJKMDUS 4426 June 29 FGHIJKNY 1324 - `Jewel` June 30 GHIJKLNY 1529 July 1 HIJKLMNY 1368 July 1 HIJKLMNNY 1431 July 1 IJKLMNNY 1406 July 1 IJKLMNNY 1580 July 1 JKLMN`Allstar` July 1 JKLMN`Canoga` July 2 KLMN`Scott` July 2 LMN`Sparkle` July 3 MNNY 1482 July 4 N______________________________________
TABLE 2______________________________________Mean subjective fruit skin toughness scores for NY 1324and other cultivars.Treatment Replicates Mean Score*______________________________________NY 1524 6 7.7 ANY 1529 5 7.6 ABNY 1324 - `Jewel` 5 7.4 ABNY 1530 6 7.2 ABCMDUS 4426 5 7.0 ABCDNY 1368 5 6.8 ABCDEMDUS 4579 5 6.8 ABCDE`Holiday` 8 6.8 ABCDENY 1580 3 6.7 ABCDEF`Canoga` 4 6.5 ABCDEF`Scott` 8 6.5 BCDEF`Lester` 7 6.3 BCDEF`Allstar` 4 6.2 BCDEFGNY 1333 5 6.0 CDEFGNY 1406 9 5.9 DEFGMDUS 4355 6 5.8 DEFGMDUS 4774 5 5.6 EFGHNY 1482 4 5.5 EFGHINY 1560 4 5.3 FGHINY 1402 5 5.2 FGHINY 1431 5 5.2 FGHI`Raritan` 7 5.0 GHI`Honeoye` 7 4.5 HIJMDUS 4380 6 4.3 IJK`Sparkle` 5 3.8 JK`Earlidawn` 8 3.7 JKMidland 7 3.0 KNY 1570 1 2.0 KL`Catskill` 7 1.1 L______________________________________
TABLE 3______________________________________Mean firmness measurements for NY 1324 and other cultivars. Mean puncture forceGenotype (daltons)*______________________________________NY 1570 65.8 ANY 1529 62.7 AMDUS 4579 57.6 AMDUS 4774 56.4 ANY 1524 53.9 ABNY 1530 46.9BCNY 1580 46.7BCNY 1560 46.1BCD`Holiday` 45.7CD`Canoga` 44.7CDEMDUS 4426 44.2CDE`Allstar` 39.3CDEFNY 1431 38.3DEFG`Scott` 37.6EFGHNY 1406 35.9FGHINY 1324 - `Jewel` 33.5FGHIJNY 1402 32.5FGHIJNY 1333 30.8GHIJNY 1482 30.1GHIJKMDUS 4380 30.0HIJK`Honeoye` 28.8IJKMDUS 4355 28.7IJK`Lester` 28.6IJK`Midland` 27.1JKLNY 1368 27.1JKL`Raritan` 25.9JKL`Earlidawn` 25.6JKL`Sparkle` 22.0KL`Catskill` 19.9L______________________________________
TABLE 4______________________________________Mean berry weight for NY 1324 and other cultivarsGenotype Grams/berry*______________________________________NY 1524 14.4 A`Canoga` 13.7 AB`Allstar` 13.6 ABNY 1333 13.5 ABCMDUS 4426 13.4 ABCNY 1431 12.6 ABCDNY 1482 12.5 ABCDNY 1529 11.8 BCDENY 1570 11.5 CDEFNY 1324 - `Jewel` 11.3 DEFG`Lester` 11.2 DEFGNY 1580 11.2 DEFGNY 1406 10.9 DEFGHNY 1368 10.8 DEFGHI`Holiday` 10.7 DEFGHIJNY 1560 10.5 EFGHIJKMDUS 4579 10.2 EFGHIJKL`Honeoye` 10.0 EFGHIJKLMDUS 4380 10.0 EFGHIJKLNY 1402 10.0 EFGHIJKLMDUS 4774 9.7 FGHIJKL`Raritan` 9.3 GHIJKL`Scott` 9.1 HIJKLMDUS 4355 9.0 HIJKL`Catskill` 8.9 HIJKLNY 1530 8.8 IJKL`Midland` 8.7 JKL`Sparkle` 8.6 KL`Earlidawn` 8.3 L______________________________________
TABLE 5______________________________________Mean fruit appearance scores for NY 1324 and other cultivars.Genotype Replicates Mean Score*______________________________________NY 1333 5 7.6 A`Lester` 7 7.3 ABNY 1324 - `Jewel` 5 6.8 ABCNY 1524 6 6.5 ABCDNY 1530 6 6.3 ABCDMDUS 4355 6 6.3 ABCDE`Honeoye` 7 6.3 ABCDENY 1529 5 6.2 ABCDEFMDUS 4380 6 6.2 BCDEF`Scott` 8 6.1 BCDEFNY 1368 5 6.0 BCDEFNY 1560 4 5.8 CDEF`Raritan` 7 5.7 CDEFG`Allstar` 4 5.5 CDEFG`Canoga` 4 5.5 CDEFG`Holiday` 8 5.5 CDEFGNY 1431 5 5.4 CDEFGNY 1530 3 5.3 CDEFGNY 1482 4 5.3 DEFGNY 1402 5 5.0 EFGNY 1406 9 4.9 FGMDUS 4774 5 4.8 FG`Earlidawn` 8 4.6 GMDUS 4426 5 4.2 GMDUS 4579 5 4.0 G`Midland` 7 4.0 G`Sparkle` 5 3.4 GNY 1570 2 3.0 GH`Catskill` 7 1.9 H______________________________________
TABLE 6______________________________________Mean flavor scores for NY 1324 and other cultivars.Treatment Replicates Mean Score*______________________________________`Lester` 7 6.3 ANY 1570 2 6.0 ABNY 1529 5 6.0 ABNY 1324 - `Jewel` 5 5.8 AB`Holiday` 8 5.8 ABNY 1368 5 5.6 ABNY 1560 4 5.5 AB`Sparkle` 5 5.4 ABNY 1524 6 5.3 AB`Raritan` 7 5.3 AB`Honeoye` 7 5.1 AB`Allstar` 4 5.0 AB`Canoga` 4 5.0 ABMDUS 4380 6 5.0 AB`Scott` 8 4.9 ABNY 1530 6 4.8 ABMDUS 4355 6 4.8 ABMDUS 4426 5 4.8 ABNY 1333 5 4.8 ABNY 1431 5 4.8 ABNY 1580 3 4.7 ABMDUS 4774 5 4.6BNY 1402 5 4.6B`Midland` 7 4.4BNY 1406 9 4.2BNY 1482 4 4.0B`Catskill` 7 4.0BMDUS 4579 5 3.8B`Earlidawn` 8 3.8B______________________________________
TABLE 7______________________________________Mean fruit rot scores for NY 1324 and other cultivars. Mean NumberCultivar or Selection Rotted Per 12 Reps.______________________________________Earlidawn 11.7 A 3NY 1476 11.2 A 5NY 1402 11.2 A 5Vibrant 10.6 AB 5Veestar 10.6 AB 5NY 1477 10.4 AB 5NY 1515 10.0 ABC 3NY 1531 9.8 ABC 5NY 1530 9.8 ABC 5NY 1415 9.8 ABC 5NY 1287 9.8 ABC 5NY 1475 9.4 ABCD 5V6747R6 9.4 ABCD 5Holiday 9.4 ABCD 5MD 4359 (Lester) 9.2 ABCDE 5NY 1529 9.0 ABCDEF 5NY 1527 9.0 ABCDEF 4NY 1261 9.0 ABCDEF 5Surecrop 9.0 ABCDEF 5NY 1366 8.0 ABCDEFG 3NY 1264 8.0BCDEFG 4Tenira 7.4CDEFG 5NY 1285 7.2CDEFGH 5NY 1524 7.0CDEFGH 3NY 1431 7.0CDEFGH 5NY 1368 7.0CDEFGH 5NY 1333 6.8CDEFGH 5NY 1362 (Canoga) 6.6DEFGH 5NY 1384 6.4EFGH 5Guardian 6.2FGH 5NY 1324 - `Jewel` 5.8GH 5NY 1406 5.2GH 5NY 1404 4.8GH 5NY 1409 (Honeoye) 4,4H 5______________________________________ Combined score for all rots (Botrytis, soft rots, and white mold). Data supplied by Dr. H. S. Aldwinckle, Department of Plant Pathology, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station.





DESCRIPTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS
The following describes the accompanying photographs, documenting the unique features characterizing this new culture.
FIG. 1. Ribbon-row of `Jewel` in second year from planting. Plot is a single line of plants spaced 6" apart in the row and all runners kept removed.
FIG. 2. Fruit of `Jewel` in a one-quart box. Note size of fruit, wedge-conic shape and glossy, attractive appearance.
FIG. 3. Comparison of the fruit of `Jewel` with the corresponding color from The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart.





MERITS
The most outstanding feature of N.Y. 1324 is its well-balanced, all-around performance. It combines good fruit size (Table 4), attractiveness (Table 5), quality (Table 6), tough skin (Table 2) and moderately firm flesh (Table 3). In addition, the fruit of N.Y. 1324 are better than average in resistance to various fruit rots (Table 7). Also, N.Y. 1324 has consistently been rated above most other cultivars in frozen fruit taste panel trials.
The plants of N.Y. 1324 have good hardiness and wide regional adaptation. Thirteen of sixteen cooperative testers from different regions rated N.Y. 1324 as above-average to outstanding for all of the following traits: yield, flavor, fruit size, appearance, firmness, keeping quality and foliar disease resistance.
Claims
  • 1. The new and distinct variety of strawberry herein described and illustrated and identified by the characters enumerated above.