Patent Application
20080115839
The present invention is generally directed to plumbing systems and is more particularly directed to plumbing systems of high thermal efficiency.
Certain types of water heaters, for example, gas tankless water heaters, after being shut down and restarted allow cold water to flow through the water heater for a number of seconds before the burners are able to bring the temperature up to the water heater set point. This creates a cold water “plug” or “sandwich” effect in hot water line. That is, the hot water line, while still full of mostly hot water, experiences several seconds during which cold water flows through the water heater before the burners start to fire up and heat the water, thus creating the cold water “plug” or “sandwich”.
The present invention minimizes this effect.
The present invention provides for an improvement in a hot water system and a system which provides intermitant and hot water. This system includes a hot water source, at least one plumbing fixture and a hot water line interconnecting the hot water source and plumbing fixture.
The improvement in accordance with the present invention provides for a separate holding vessel which is disposed in the hot water line between the hot water source and the plumbing fixture which, in turn, provides for blending of incoming of hot water with residual water in the vessel in order to decrease cold water surges, otherwise known as “plugs” or “sandwiches”, at the plumbing fixtures upon repeated use of the hot water at the plumbing fixture. The vessel has a volume of water for a given length greater than the volume of water in the hot water line for the given length.
Preferably, the vessel is disposed proximate the hot water source which may be a tankless hot water heater.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the system includes a recirculating line interconnected with the plumbing and fixture and hot water source for circulating cold water at the plumbing fixture back to the hot water source.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the system includes a cold water line interconnected with the plumbing fixture and a valve disposed proximate the plumbing fixture and interconnecting the hot and cold water lines, for enabling circulation of cold water to the hot water source.
In this embodiment, the system may further include a pump in fluid communication with the valve and the hot and cold water lines for circulating water from the hot water line into the cold water line.
The advantages and features of the present invention will appear from the following description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Turning now to
Optional plumbing fixtures such as sinks 28, 30 and washing machine 32 may be provided along with any other common plumbing fixture utilized in residences and businesses, all such fixtures being connected in a parallel configuration with the hot water delivery line 16 and cold water delivery line 18 by feed lines 40 and 42, respectively. At a selected plumbing fixture, such as the sink 14 which is most remote from the hot water source 12, a pump 46 may be interconnected between the hot water delivery line 16 and the cold water delivery line 18 via the feed lines 40, 42 respectively. The pump provides means for circulating water from the hot water delivery line 16 through the cold water delivery line 18 and back into the hot water source 12 via line 22, by utilizing the cold water delivery line as a return feeder to the hot water source 12. No separate circulation line need be implemented in new systems. In order for the pump 46 to effect flow in a reverse manner through the cold water delivery line 18 and into the hot water tank 12, the pump 46 must, of course, develop sufficient head to overcome existing water pressure in the line.
A control system 50, which may be of any common electrical type employing relays or solid state electronics or microchips, provides a means for switching electrical current outlet 52 to pump 46 in order to cause the pump 46 to circulate water from the hot water line 16 to the cold water line 18.
A temperature sensor 54 is disposed in a line 56 interconnecting the pump 46 with the hot water delivery line 16 through the feeder 40, providing means for causing the control means to stop the pump 46 to prevent heated water from being circulated through the cold water delivery line 18 as will be hereinafter described. The temperature sensor 54 may be of a conventional type inserted into the line 56 for water flow thereover, or it may be a thermistor type of detector strapped to the outside of the line 56. The sensor 54 may be of a type for detecting a selected water temperature and in response thereto causing the control system to stop the pump 46.
The temperature sensor 54 may be configured for detecting a temperature increase, or gradient, such as one or two degrees and in response thereto, causing the control system 50 to stop the pump 46. Thus, no matter what the actual temperature of the water in the line 56 is, an increase of one or two degrees will cause the pump 46 to stop. The pump 46 is started through the control system 50 by means of optional manual switches 60 electrically connected to the control system 50 by way of wires 62 for causing the control system to turn on the pump 46, the control system in this manner acting as a relay switch. Alternatively, to reduce electrical wiring costs, a flow detector 64 may be disposed in the hot water delivery line 18 at any position and connected to the control system by an electrical wire 66 for causing the control system 52 to turn on the pump 46 in response to a detection of a water flow in the hot water delivery line 18.
Although the flow detector 64 is shown adjacent to the hot water source 12, it may be alternatively disposed in the line 40 beneath the fixture 14 for reducing the electrical interconnection required and for enabling all of the apparatus of the present invention to be disposed beneath the fixture 14. Either the manual switches 60 or flow detector 64 enables the control means 52 to turn on the pump 46 when a hot water valve 70 on the fixture 14 is turned on, thus causing a flow in the hot water delivery line 18.
It should be appreciated that if the pump 46 is not a positive displacement type which does not allow water to flow in a reverse manner through it, then a one-way valve 70 should be provided to prevent such flow and preferably a solenoid 72, controlled by the control system 50, should be inserted upstream of the pump 46 to prevent water flow through the pump 46 when the control system 50 turns off pump 46.
It should also be appreciated that the temperature sensor 52 should be disposed in the hot water line or attached to it as hereinbefore described to prevent a rescission between the hot water delivery line 16 and the cold water delivery line 18. However, the pump can be located anywhere throughout the system 10 between the hot water delivery line 16 and cold water delivery line 18.
The improvement in accordance with the present invention includes a separate hold vessel 80 disposed in the hot water line 16 between the hot water source 12 and the foam fixture 14. The holding vessel 80 functions for blending of incoming hot water with residual water in the vessel in order to decrease cold water surges at the plumbing fixture 14 upon repeated use of hot water at the plumbing fixture.
As can be seen,
With reference to
Although there has been hereinabove described a specific structured hot water demand flow control in accordance with the present invention for the purpose of illustrating the manner in which the invention may be used to advantage, it should be appreciated that the invention is not limited thereto. That is, the present invention may suitably comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of the recited elements. Further, the invention illustratively disclosed herein suitably may be practiced in the absence of any element which is not specifically disclosed herein. Accordingly, any and all modifications, variations or equivalent arrangements which may occur to those skilled in the art, should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
