Substituted dihydro benzofuranyl esters

The present invention relates to new 4-benzofuranyl esters, the preparation of these compounds, their use as herbicides, and herbicides containing these compounds as active ingredients.
It is known (German Laid-Open Application DOS 1,926,139) to use 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl methanesulfonate as a herbicide; however, its action is poor.
We have now found that benzofuran-5-yl esters of the formula ##SPC1##
Where R.sup.1 denotes hydrogen, unsubstituted or halogen (chloro)- or alkoxy (methoxy)-substituted alkyl (methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl), alkenyl (allyl, methallyl) or alkynyl (propargyl, butynyl) and R.sup.2 denotes alkenyl (allyl, methallyl), alkynyl (propargyl, butynyl), a metal atom (alkali metal or alkaline earth metal atom, sodium, potassium, magnesium, lithium), alkylsulfonyl (methylsulfonyl), aminosulfonyl, or acyl of the formula ##EQU1## where R.sup.4 denotes unsubstituted or halogen (chloro)-, alkoxy (methoxy)- or alkylthio (thiomethyl)-substituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, R.sup.4 further denotes alkylamino, dialkylamino, or unsubstituted or halogen-substituted alkoxy, and R.sup.3 denotes hydrogen, unsubstituted or halogen (chloro)- or alkoxy (methoxy)- substituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, or acyl of the formula ##EQU2## where R.sup.5 denotes unsubstituted or halogen (chloro)-, alkoxy (methoxy)- or alkylthio (thiomethyl)-substituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, R.sup.5 further denotes alkylamino, dialkylamino or unsubstituted or halogen-substituted alkoxy, have a herbicidal action which is superior to that of prior art herbicides, Furthermore, the new compounds have better selectivity in crops such as Gossypium hirsutum, Zea mays and Beta spp. than 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl methanesulfonate.
The compounds of the invention may be prepared for instance by the following methods:
A. Acylation of benzofuran-5-yl aminosulfonates in accordance with the following equation: ##SPC2##
R.sup.1, r.sup.3 and R.sup.4 having the above meanings and X denoting for instance halogen (chloro, bromo) or the radical ##EQU3## The benzofuran-5-yl aminosulfonates used as starting materials are known.
B. Acylation of 2-hydroxybenzofuran-5-yl aminosulfonates in accordance with the following equation: ##SPC3##
R.sup.1, r.sup.2 and R.sup.5 having the above meanings and X denoting for instance halogen (chloro, bromo) or the radical ##EQU4##
The benzofuran derivatives used as starting materials may be prepared as follows: ##SPC4##
Reaction 1 is known from Dutch Published Application 6,512,311; J. Prakt. Chem., 4th series, 32, 144, 1966; and U.S. 3,184,457.
Reactions 2, 3 and 4 are illustrated by the following experiments.
Experiment A
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-morpholinobenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate
At 0.degree. to 5.degree.C and while stirring, 36 parts (by weight) of methylaminosulfonyl chloride was added to a solution of 48.8 parts of 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-morpholino-5-hydroxybenzofuran and 27.3 parts of triethylamine in 130 parts of tetrahydrofuran. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature and then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in 250 parts of methanol. After addition of 100 parts of water and treatment of the solution with activated carbon, crystallization was initiated by cooling. The mush of crystals was suction filtered, washed with 50wt% aqueous methanol and dried in vacuo. The crude product melted at 125.degree. to 128.degree.C. Pure 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-morpholinobenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate was obtained by recrystallizing a sample from 80% methanol.
Melting point: 129.degree. to 131.degree.C.
Experiment B
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-hydroxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate
At 80.degree.C and while stirring, 68 parts of 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-morpholinobenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate was added all at once to a mixture of 133 parts of water and 68 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The resultant mixture was heated rapidly to 90.degree. to 95.degree.C and kept at this temperature for 2 minutes, after which it was immediately cooled by the addition of ice. The solution was extracted with ether, and the ether solution was washed twice with water, dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo.
The viscous residue was dissolved in 100 parts of ether. 60 parts of n-hexane was added, and 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-hydroxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate was obtained in the form of crystals upon cooling. Melting point: 111.degree. to 112.degree.C.
The compound has the following structural formula: ##SPC5##
Experiment C
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate
4 drops of concentrated sulfuric acid was added to a solution of 22.5 parts of 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-hydroxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate in 200 parts of methanol. The mixture was subsequently boiled for 30 minutes under reflux, and then cooled. The mixture was neutralized with triethylamine and concentrated to dryness in vacuo. Treatment of the viscous residue with a mixture of ether and n-hexane gave crystals of 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran -5-yl methylaminosulfonate; melting point: 89.degree. to 91.degree.C.
The compound has the following structural formula: ##SPC6##
If, in methods a and b, R.sup.4 is alkylamino, the acylating agent is an isocyanate - the following equation exemplifies this for methyl isocyanate: ##SPC7##
c Reaction of benzofuran-5-yl aminosulfonates with an alkylsulfonyl halide - the following equation demonstrates this for methylsulfonyl chloride: ##SPC8##
d. Action of metal hydroxides, preferably alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, on benzofuran-5-yl aminosulfonates, as is illustrated by the following equation which uses sodium hydroxide by way of example: ##SPC9##
R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 having the meanings given above.
e. Alkylation of benzofuran-5-yl aminosulfonates with alkenyl or alkynyl halides. There are used as reactants for instance the salts prepared under d), as is demonstrated in the following equation for alkyl bromide: ##SPC10##
R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 having the meanings given above.
The following examples illustrate the preparation of the new compounds.

EXAMPLE 1
At 15.degree. to 20.degree.C and while stirring, 9 parts by weight of acetyl chloride was added to a solution of 30.1 parts by weight of 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate and 12 parts by weight of triethylamine in 90 parts by weight of ether. After 1 hour the reaction mixture was extracted 3 times with water. The ethereal solution was dried with magnesium sulfate, and left, upon concentration in vacuo, an oily residue of the compound 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate which did not crystallize even after standing for a fairly long period of time. n.sub.D.sup.25 : 1.5402
Analysis and infrared and nmr spectra agree well with the following structural formula: ##SPC11##
The following compounds were prepared analogously:
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate, n.sub.D.sup.25 : 1.5085
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylcarbonyl ethylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-ethylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-ethylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-chloromethylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate, n.sub.D .sup.25 : 1.5195
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-chloromethylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate, n.sub.D.sup.25 : 1.5140 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-dichloromethylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate, n.sub.D.sup.25 : 1.5165
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-chloromethylcarbonyl ethylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methoxycarbonyl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-ethoxycarbonyl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-isopropoxycarbonyl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methoxycarbonyl methylaminosulfonate, n.sub.D .sup.25 : 1.5000
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-ethoxycarbonyl methylaminosulfonate, n.sub.D.sup.25 : 1.4945
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-isopropoxycarbonyl methylaminosulfonate, n.sub.D.sup.25 : 1.4880.
EXAMPLE 2
At -8.degree.C to -12.degree.C and while stirring, 10.3 parts by weight of acetyl chloride was added to a solution of 28.7 parts by weight of 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-hydroxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate and 14.1 parts by weight of triethylamine in 110 parts by weight of ether. The mixture was worked up as in Example 1, the compound 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methylcarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate being obtained in the form of crystals; melting point: 67.degree. to 68.degree.C.
The compound has the following structural formula: ##SPC12##
The following compounds were prepared analogously:
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethylcarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate, m.p. 53.degree. to 54.degree.C
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-chloromethylcarbonyloxybenzofuran- 5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate, m.p. 87.degree. to 88.degree.C
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-chloromethylcarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl diethylaminosulfonate, n.sub.D.sup.25 : 1.5078
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-dichloromethylcarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-dichloromethylcarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl diethylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxycarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminofulfonate, m.p. 101.degree. to 102.degree.C
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxycarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate, m.p. 84.degree. to 85.degree.C
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-isopropoxycarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxycarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl diethylaminosulfonate, m.p. 95.degree. to 96.degree.C
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxycarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl diethylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-isopropoxycarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl diethylaminosulfonate.
EXAMPLE 3
After the addition of 1 part by weight of triethylamine, 6.9 parts by weight of methyl isocyanate was added at room temperature (20.degree.C) to a solution of 28.7 parts by weight of 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-hydroxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate in 90 parts by weight of tetrahydrofuran. The temperature rose slightly, after which the mixture was left for 24 hours. The solvent was then removed in vacuo and the residue recrystallized from ether; melting poing: 101.degree. to 103.degree.C.
The compound, 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methylaminocarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate, has the following structural formula: ##SPC13##
The following compounds were prepared analogously:
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethylaminocarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate, m.p. 112.degree. to 113.degree.C
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-propylaminocarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-isopropylaminocarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate, m.p. 107.degree. to 109.degree.C
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methylaminocarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl diethylaminosulfonate, m.p. 122.degree. to 123.degree.C
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethylaminocarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl diethylaminosulfonate, m.p. 124.degree. to 125.degree.C
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methylaminocarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethylaminocarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-propylaminocarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-isopropylaminocarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate.
EXAMPLE 4
At 10.degree.C and while stirring, 56 parts by weight of acetic anhydride was added to a solution of 68 parts by weight of 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-hydroxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate and 55.5 parts by weight of triethylamine.
After standing overnight, the precipitated reaction product was suction filtered, washed with cold ether and water, and dried in vacuo at 60.degree.C; melting point: 103.degree. to 104.degree.C.
The compound, 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methylcarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate, has the following structural formula: ##SPC14##
The following compounds were prepared analogously:
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-chloromethylcarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-chloromethylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethylcarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-ethylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methylcarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylcarbonyl ethylaminosulfonate.
EXAMPLE 5
At -8.degree. to -12.degree.C, a solution of 13.8 parts by weight of methylsulfonyl chloride in 30 parts by weight of dichloromethane was added to a solution of 28.7 parts by weight of 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate and 13.3 parts by weight of triethylamine in 130 parts by weight of dichloromethane. 30 minutes after the reaction was over the mixture was extracted three times with water. The organic phase was dried with magnesium sulfate and freed from solvent in vacuo. The sirupy residue (n.sub.D.sup.25 : 1.5150) did not crystallize even upon standing for a fairly long period of time.
Infrared and nmr spectra and ultimate analysis of the residue agree well with the compound 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylsulfonyl methylaminosulfonate having the following structural formula: ##SPC15##
The following compounds were prepared analogously:
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylsulfonyl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-ethylsulfonyl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl ethylsulfonyl methylaminosulfonate.
EXAMPLE 6
After the addition of 0.5 part by weight of triethylamine, 5.15 parts by weight of methyl isocyanate was added to a solution of 20.5 parts by weight of 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate in 70 parts by weight of tetrahydrofuran. Subsequently, the mixture was left for 48 hours. The solution was then concentrated in vacuo and the residue taken up in ether and treated three times with water. The organic phase was dried with magnesium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo after having been treated with activated carbon.
n.sub.D.sup.25 : 1.5085
Infrared and nmr spectra and ultimate analysis of the sirupy residue agree well with the compound 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylaminocarbonyl methylaminosulfonate having the following structural formula: ##SPC16##
The following compounds were prepared analogously:
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylaminocarbonyl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-ethylaminocarbonyl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-ethylaminocarbonyl methylaminosulfonate.
EXAMPLE 7
A solution of 4 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide in 20 parts by weight of water was added to a suspension of 30.1 parts by weight of 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate in 55 parts by weight of water. From the solution which formed it was possible to obtain the salt by evaporating the water in vacuo.
Infrared and nmr spectra and ultimate analysis of the salt agree well with the compound 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate, sodium salt, having the following structural formula: ##SPC17##
The lithium and potassium salts of the following compounds were prepared analogously:
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl ethylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl ethylaminosulfonate.
EXAMPLE 8
At 20.degree. to 23.degree.C and while stirring, a solution of 8.5 parts by weight of propargyl bromide in 20 parts by weight of acetone was added to 46 parts by weight of a 50 wt% aqueous solution of the sodium salt of 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfonate (prepared as in Example 7). The temperature rose slightly to 29.degree.C. To complete the reaction the mixture was stirred for a further 6 hours at 35.degree.C. Ethyl acetate was then added and extraction was carried out three times with water. The organic phase was dried with magnesium sulfate and subsequently concentrated to dryness in vacuo.
n.sub.25.sup.25 : 1.5085
Infrared and nmr spectra and ultimate analysis of the sirupy residue agree well with the compound 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-propargyl methylaminosulfonate having the following structural formula: ##SPC18##
The following compounds were prepared analogously:
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-allyl methylaminosulfonate, b.p. (0.01 mm) 137.degree. to 146.degree.C, n.sub.D.sup.25 : 1.5065
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl propargylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl allylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl propargylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl allylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl diallylaminosulfonate.
The new active ingredients have a strong herbicidal action and may therefore be used as weedkillers or for controlling the growth of unwanted plants. Whether they are used as total or selective agents depends in essence on the amount of ingredient used per unit area.
By weeds and unwanted plant growth are meant all monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants which grow in loci where they are not desired.
The agents according to the invention may therefore be used for controlling for instance
Gramineae, such asCynodon spp. Dactylis spp.Digitaria spp. Avena spp.Echinochloa spp. Bromus spp.Setaria spp. Uniola spp.Panicum spp. Poa spp.Alopecurus spp. Leptochloa spp.Lolium spp. Brachiaria spp.Sorghum spp. Eleusine spp.Agropyron spp. Cenchrus spp.Phalaris spp. Eragrostis spp.Apera spp. Phragmites communisetc.;Cyperaceae, such asCarex spp. Eleocharis spp.Cyperus spp. Scirpus spp.etc.;dicotyledenous weeds, such asMalvaceae, e.g.,Abutilon theoprasti Hibiscus spp.Sida spp. Malva spp.etc.;Compositae, such asAmbrosia spp. Centaurea spp.Lactuca spp. Tussilago spp.Senecio spp. Lapsana communisSonchus spp. Tagetes spp.Xanthium spp. Erigeron spp.Iva spp. Anthemis spp.Galinsoga spp. Matricaria spp.Taraxacum spp. Artemisia spp.Chrysanthemum spp. Bidens spp.Cirsium spp. etc.;Convolvulaceae, such asConvolvulus spp. Cuscuta spp.Ipomea spp. Jaquemontia tamnifoliaetc.;Cruciferae, such asBarbarea vulgaris Arabidopsis thalianaBrassica spp. Descurainia spp.Capsella spp. Draba spp.Sisymbrium spp. Coronopus didymusThlaspi spp. Lepidium spp.Sinapis arvensis Raphanus spp.etc.;Geraniaceae, such asErodium spp. Geranium spp.etc.;Portulacaceae, such asPortulaca spp. etc.,Primulaceae, such asAnagallis arvensis Lysimachia spp.etc.Rubiaceae, such asRichardia spp. Diodia spp.Galium spp. etc.;Scrophulariaceae, such asLinaria spp. Digitalis spp.Veronica spp. etc.;Solanaceae, such asPhysalis spp. Nicandra spp.Solanum spp. Datura spp.etc.;Urticaceae, such as Urtica spp.Violaceae, such as Viola spp. etc.;Zygophyllaceae, such as Tribulus terrestris etc.;Euphorbiaceae, such as Mercurialis annua Euphorbia spp.Umbelliferae, such as Daucus carota Ammi majus Aethusa cynapium etc.;Commelinaceae, such as Commelina spp. etc.;Labiatae, such as Lamium spp. Galeopsis spp. etc.;Leguminosae, such asMedicago spp. Sesbania exaltataTrifolium spp. Cassia spp.Vicia spp. Lathyrus spp.etc.;Plantaginaceae, such as Plantago spp. etc.;Polygonaceae, such as Polygonum spp. Fagopyrum spp. Rumex spp. etc.;Aizoaceae, such as Mollugo verticillata etc.;Amaranthaceae, such as Amaranthus spp. etc.;Boraginaceae, such asAmsinckia spp. Anchusa spp.Myostis spp. Lithospermum spp.etc.;Caryophyllaceae, such asStellaria spp. Silene spp.Spergula spp. Cerastium spp.Saponaria spp. Agrostemma githagoScleranthus annuus etc.;Chenopodiaceae, such asChenopodium spp. Atriplex spp.Kochia spp. Monolepsis nuttallianaSalsola Kali etc.;Lythraceae, such as10 Cuphea spp. etc.;Oxalidaceae, such as Oxalis spp.Ranunculaceae, such asRanunculus spp. Adonis spp.Delphinium spp. etc.;Papaveraceae, such asPapaver spp. Fumaria officinalisetc.;Onagraceae, such as Jussiaea spp. etc.;Rosaceae, such as Alchemillia spp. Potentilla spp. etc.;Potamogetonaceae, such as Potamogeton spp. etc.;Najadaceae, such as Najas spp. etc.;Equisetaceae Equisetum spp. etc.;Marsileaceae, such as Marsilea quadrifolia etc.;Polypodiaceae, Pteridium quilinumAlismataceae, such asAlisma spp. Sagittaria sagittifoliaetc.
The amount used of the agents according to the invention may vary and depends in essence on the type of effect to be achieved; it is generally from 0.1 to 15 (and more), preferably from 0.2 to 6, kg per hectare of active ingredient.
The herbicides according to the invention may be used in cereals such as
Avena spp. SorghumTriticum spp Zea maysHordeum spp. Panicum miliaceumSecale spp. Oryza spp.Saccharum officinarumand in dicotyledon crops such asCruciferae, e.g.Brassica spp. Raphanus spp.Sinapis spp. Lepidium spp.Compositae, e.g. Lactuca spp. Carthamus spp. Helianthus spp. Scorzonera spp.Malvaceae, e.g. Gossypium hirsutumLeguminosae, e.g.Medicago spp. Phaseolus spp.Trifolium spp. Arachis spp.Pisum spp. Glycine max.Chenopodiaceae, e.g. Beta vulgaris Spinacia spp.Solanaceae, e.g. Solanum spp. Capsicum annuum Nicotiania spp.Linaceae, e.g. Linum spp.Umbelliferae, e.g. Petroselinum spp. Apium graveolens Daucus carotaRosaceae, e.g. FragariaCucurbitaceae, e.g. Cucumis spp. Cucurbita spp.Liliaceae, e.g. Allium spp.Vitaceae, e.g. Vitis viniferaBromeliaceae, e.g. Ananas sativus.
Applications may be effected for instance in the form of directly sprayable solutions, powders, suspensions, dispersions, emulsions, oil dispersions, pastes, dusts, broadcasting agents, or granules by spraying, atomizing, dusting, broadcasting or watering. The forms of application depend entirely on the purpose for which the agents are being used; in any case they should ensure a fine distribution of the active ingredient.
For the preparation of solutions, emulsions, pastes and oil dispersions to be sprayed direct, mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point, such as kerosene or diesel oil, further coal-tar oils, etc. and oils of vegetable or animal origin, aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphtalene, alkylated naphthalenes and their derivatives such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, chlorobenzene, isophorone, etc. and strongly polar solvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, water, etc. are suitable.
Aqueous formulations may be prepared from emulsion concentrates, pastes, oil dispersions or wettable powders by adding water. To prepare emulsions, pastes and oil dispersions the ingredients as such or dissolved in an oil or solvent may be homogenized in water by means of wetting or dispersing agents, adherents or emulsifiers. Concentrates which are suitable for dilution with water may be prepared from active ingredient, wetting agent, adherent, emulsifying or dispersing agent and possibly solvent or oil.
Examples of surfactants are: alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and ammonium salts of ligninsulfonic acid, naphthalene-sulfonic acids, phenolsulfonic acids, alkylaryl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, and alkyl sulfonates, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, lauryl ether sulfate, fatty alcohol sulfates, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of fatty acids, salts of sulfated hexadecanols, heptadecanols, and octadecanols, salts of sulfated fatty alcohol glycol ether, condensation products of sulfonted naphthalene and naphthalene derivatives with formaldehyde, condensation products of naphthalene or naphthalenesulfonic acids with phenol and formaldehyde, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ethers, ethoxylated isooctylphenol, ethoxylated octylphenol and ethoxylated nonylphenol, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, tributylphenyl polyglycol ethers, alkylaryl polyether alcohols, isotridecyl alcohol, fatty alcohol ethylene oxide condensates, ethoxylated castor oil, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, ethoxylated polyoxypropylene, lauryl alcohol polyglycol ether acetal, sorbitol ethers, lignin, sulfite waste liquors and methyl cellulose.
Powders, dusts and broadcasting agents may be prepared by mixing or grinding the active ingredients with a solid carrier.
Granules, e.g., coated, impregnated or homogeneous granules, may be prepared by bonding the active ingredients to solid carriers. Examples of solid carriers are mineral earths such as silica gel, silicic acid, silica gels, silicates, talc, kaolin, Attaclay, limestone, lime, chalk, bole, loess, clay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, ground plastics, fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, and ureas, and vegetable products such as grain flours, bark meal, wood meal, and nutshell meal, cellulosic powders, etc.
The formulations contain from 0.1 to 95, and preferably 0.5 to 90% by weight of active ingredient.
There may be added to the compositions or individual active ingredients (if desired, immediately before use (tank-mix)) oils of various types, herbicides, fungicides, nematocides, insecticides, bactericides, trace elements, fertilizers, antifoams (e.g., silicones), growth regulators, antidotes and other herbicidally effective compounds such as
substituted anilines
substituted aryloxycarboxylic acids and salts, esters and amides thereof,
substituted ethers
substituted arsonic acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted benzimidazoles
substituted benzisothiazoles
substituted benzothiadiazinone dioxides
substituted benzoxazines
substituted benzoxadinones
substituted benzothiadiazoles
substituted biurets
substituted quinolines
substituted carbamates
substituted aliphatic carboxylic acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted aromatic carboxylic acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted carbamoylalkylthiol- or dithiophosphates
substituted quinazolines
substituted cycloalkylamidocarbothiolic acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted cycloalkylcarbonamidothiazoles
substituted dicarboxylic acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted dihydrobenzofuranyl sulfonates
substituted disulfides
substituted dipyridylium salts
substituted dithiocarbamates
substituted dithiophosphoric acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted ureas
substituted hexahydro-1H-carbothioates
substituted hydantoins
substituted hydrazides
substituted hydrazonium salts
substituted isoxazole pyrimidones
substituted imidazoles
substituted isothiazole pyrimidones
substituted ketones
substituted naphthoquinones
substituted aliphatic nitriles
substituted aromatic nitriles
substituted oxadiazoles
substituted oxadiazinones
substituted oxadiazolidone diones
substituted oxadiazine diones
substituted phenols and their salts and esters
substituted phosphonic acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted phosphonium chlorides
substituted phosphonalkyl glycines
substituted phosphites
substituted phosphoric acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted piperidines
substituted pyrazoles
substituted pyrazole alkylcarboxylic acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted pyrazolium salts
substituted pyrazolium alkyl sulfates
substituted pyridazines
substituted pyridazones
substituted pyridine carboxylic acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted pyridines
substituted pyridine carboxylates
substituted pyridinones
substituted pyrimidines
substituted pyrimidones
substituted pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and its salts, esters and amides
substituted pyrrolidines
substituted pyrrolidones
substituted arylsulfonic acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted styrenes
substituted tetrahydrooxadiazine diones
substituted tetrahydroxadiazole diones
substituted tetrahydromethanoindenes
substituted tetrahydroxadiazole thiones
substituted tetrahydrothiadiazine thiones
substituted tetrahydrothiadiazole diones
substituted aromatic thiocarbonylamides
substituted thiocarboxylic acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted thiol carbamates
substituted thioureas
substituted thiophosphoric acids and their salts, esters and amides
substituted triazines
substituted triazoles
substituted uracils, and
substituted uretidine diones.
The last-mentioned herbicidal compounds may also be applied before or after the active ingredients or compositions thereof according to the invention.
These agents may be added to the herbicides according to the invention in a ratio by weight of from 1:10 to 10:1. The same applies to oils, fungicides, nematocides, insecticides, bactericides, antidotes and growth regulators.
The herbicides according to the invention may be used one or more times before or after planting, before sowing, preemergence, postemergence or during emergence of the crop or unwanted plants.
EXAMPLE 9
In the greenhouse, loamy sandy soil was filled into pots and sown with the seeds of various plants. The soil was immediately treated with 2 kg per hectare of each of the following active ingredients, each being dispersed, emulsified or dissolved in 500 liters of water per hectare:
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl methylaminosulfate, sodium salt (I)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate (II)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-chloromethylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate (III)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate (IV)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-chloromethylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate (V)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methylcarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate (VI)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methoxycarbonyl methylaminosulfonate (VII)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-ethoxycarbonyl methylaminosulfonate (VIII)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-isopropoxycarbonyl methylaminosulfonate (IX)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxycarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate (X)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxycarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate (XI)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxycarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl diethylaminosulfonate (XII) and, for comparison,
2-ethoxy-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-5-benzofuranyl methanesulfonate (XIII)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-isopropoxybenzofuran-5-yl ethylaminosulfonate (XIV).
After 4 to 5 weeks it was ascertained that active ingredients I to XII had a better herbicidal action than compounds XIII and XIV, combined with the same crop plant compatibility.
The results are given below:
Active ingredient I II III IV V VI VIIkg/ha 2 2 2 2 2 2 2__________________________________________________________________________Crop plants:Beta spp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Brassica napus 10 5 0 0 0 0 0Phaseolus vulgaris 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Helianthus annuus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Unwanted plants:Avena fatua 100 100 98 95 95 90 95Alopecurus myosuroides 100 100 100 100 100 90 100Echinochloa crus-galli 100 95 95 96 95 90 95Lolium multiflorum 100 100 100 100 100 80 100Poa annua 100 100 97 100 100 90 100Sinapis arvensis 80 65 55 50 50 40 60__________________________________________________________________________Active ingredient VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIVkg/ha 2 2 2 2 2 2 2__________________________________________________________________________Crop plants:Beta spp. 0 0 0 0 0 10 0Brassica napus 0 0 0 0 0 5 10Phaseolus vulgaris 0 0 0 0 0 5 0Helianthus annuus 0 0 0 0 0 10 0Unwanted plants:Avena fatua 95 90 100 95 95 80 90Alopecurus myosuroides 95 90 100 100 95 85 80Echinochloa crus-galli 95 95 100 95 90 80 30Lolium multiflorum 95 95 100 95 90 80 50Poa annua 98 95 100 100 95 85 65Sinapis arvensis 45 40 75 60 55 20 30__________________________________________________________________________ 0 = no damage 100 = complete destruction
EXAMPLE 10
In the greenhouse, various plants were treated at a growth height of from 2 to 15 cm with 2 kg per hectare of each of active ingredients I to XIV (as defined in Example 9), each being emulsified, dispersed or dissolved in 500 liters of water per hectare.
After 2 to 3 weeks it was ascertained that active ingredients I to XII had a better herbicidal action than compounds XIII and XIV, combined with the same crop plant compatibility.
The results are given below:Active ingredient I II III IV V VI VIIkg/ha 2 2 2 2 2 2 2__________________________________________________________________________Crop plants:Beta spp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Brassica napus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Unwanted plants:Avena fatua 100 98 90 95 95 90 95Echinochloa crus-galli 90 90 85 85 85 85 85Poa annua 100 97 90 98 95 90 95Alopecurus myosuroides 95 95 90 95 95 85 95__________________________________________________________________________Active ingredient VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIVkg/ha 2 2 2 2 2 2 2__________________________________________________________________________Crop plants:Beta spp. 0 0 0 0 0 20 0Brassica napus 0 0 10 0 5 30 0Unwanted plants:Avena fatua 96 90 95 90 85 75 90Echinochloa crus-galli 86 85 100 95 90 70 85Poa annua 97 90 100 95 90 70 85Alopecurus myosuroides 97 85 100 100 95 90 80__________________________________________________________________________ 0 = no damage 100 = complete destruction
The action of the following compounds corresponds to that of the compounds according to the invention in the foregoing examples:
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylsulfonyl methylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxycarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl diethylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxycarbonyloxybenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxycarbonylbenzofuran-5-yl dimethylaminosulfonate
EXAMPLE 11
In the greenhouse, loamy sandy soil was filled into pots and sown with the seeds of various plants. The soil was then immediately treated with 3 kg per hectare of each of the following active ingredients, each being dispersed or emulsified in 500 liters of water per hectare:
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate (II)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-chloromethylcarbonyl methylaminosulfonate (III)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-methoxycarbonyl methylaminosulfonate (VII)
2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuran-5-yl-N-ethoxycarbonyl methylaminosulfonate (VIII)
and, for comparison,
2-ethoxy-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-5-benzofuranyl methanesulfonate (XIII).
During the experiment the plants were watered well.
After 3 to 4 weeks it was ascertained that active ingredients II, III, VII and VIII had better crop plant compatibility than compound XIII, combined with the same herbicidal action.
The results are given below:Active ingredient II III VII VIII XIIIkg/ha 3 3 3 3 3__________________________________________________________________________Crop plants:Gossypium hirsutum 5 0 5 10 40Zea mays 20 5 10 15 60Beta spp. 10 0 5 5 30Unwanted plants:Echinochloa crus-galli 100 100 100 100 100Setaria faberii 100 100 100 100 100Alopecurus myosuroides 100 100 100 100 100Avena fatua 100 100 100 100 100Galium aparine 100 100 100 100 100__________________________________________________________________________ 0 = no damage 100 = complete destruction

Substituted dihydro benzofuranyl esters

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