Substituted oxotremorine derivatives

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
The invention relates to compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and to the use of the compounds for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals.
A chronic deficiency in central cholinergic function has been implicated in a variety of neurologic and psychiatric disorders, including senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type (SDAT), tardive dyskinesia, Pick's disease and Huntington's chorea. Postmortem neurochemical investigations of patients with SDAT have demonstrated a reduction in presynaptic markers for acetylcholine utilizing neurons in the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex [P. Davies and A. J. R. Maloney, Lancet, 1976, 1403, (1976); E. K. Perry, R. H. Perry, G. Blessed, B. E. Tomlinson, J. Neurol. Sci., 34, 247, (1976)]. The basis for the cholinergic abnormality is unclear, but evidence suggests that the cholingergic neurons in the nucleus basalis of Meynert may selectively degenerate in SDAT [J. T. Coyle, D. J. Price, M. R. DeLong, Science, 219, 1184, (1983)]. If this degeneration plays a role in behavior symptoms of the disease, then a possible treatment strategy would be to compensate for the loss of cholinergic output to the cortex and hippocampus.
In an aged monkey animal model, designed to mimic the symptoms of SDAT, the direct muscarinic agonists arecoline [R. T. Bartus, R. L. Dean, B. Beer, Neurobiology of Aging, 1, 145, (1980)] and oxotremorine [R. T. Bartus, R. L. Dean, B. Beer, Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 19, 168, (1983)] produced significant improvement in performance. These results in aged monkeys were corroborated in SDAT patients with arecoline which produced a more consistent improvement when compared to the anticholinergic inhibitor physostigmine [J. E. Christie, A. Shering, J. Ferguson, A. M. Glen, British Journal of Psychiatry, 138, 46, (1981)].
These animal behavioral and clinical results have instigated significant efforts in a search for a muscarinic agonist which will selectively compensate for the loss of cholinergic input in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. However, the search must be refined to seek agonists which will not affect significantly the remaining body cholinergic functions. The recent disclosure that muscarinic receptors are not all the same but exist as a heterogeneous population of receptors substantiates the possibility for the discovery of a selective muscarinic agonist [T. I. Bonner, N. J. Buckley, A. C. Young, M. R. Brann, Science, 237, 527, (1987)].
The methodical methylation of the muscarinic agonist oxotremorine and its derivatives has been studied in the search for a selective muscarinic agonist [B. Ringdahl, J. Med. Chem., 31, 683, (1988); B. Ringdahl, "Structural Determinants of Muscarinic Agonist Activity" The Muscarinic Receptors, J. H. Brown Ed., The Humana Press, Clifton, N.J., 1989, 151]. The methodical substitution of a methyl group onto oxotremorine can probe the steric non-polar environment of the muscarinic agonist for its neurotransmitter-receptor-complex.
The present invention describes the preparations. of oxotremorine derivatives having polar substituted oxygen and substituted sulfur groups. This series of compounds goes beyond the initial study by Ringdall. In addition to exploring the steric environment of the muscarinic agonist for its neurotransmitter complex, the compounds of the present invention probe possible auxiliary polar interactions with one of the muscarinic receptors.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention is concerned with new compounds of formula I which have cholinergic activity; with methods of treating diseases of the central nervous system in meals employing these new compound; with pharmaceutical preparations containing these compound; and with processes for the production of these compounds. ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl and (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 )cycloalkyl; or one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl and the other is --(CH.sub.2).sub.n R.sub.17, and n is 2 to 6; or
R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 when taken together with the associated N(itrogen) atom is imidazole or may form a moiety of formula II: ##STR3## A is carbon, nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur; m is 0, 1 or 2;
R.sub.9, R.sub.10 are hydrogen; hydroxymethyl;
(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)trialkylsilyloxymethyl, halomethyl, wherein halo is Cl, Br, I; or alkyl- aryl- or substituted arylsulfonylmethyl; with the proviso that when m is 0 or 1, and
R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10 are other than hydrogen, A is carbon;
wherein
R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.17 are selected from hydrogen, amino, substituted amino, mono(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkylamino, substituted mono(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkylamino, di(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkylamino, azido, hydroxy, substituted hydroxy, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkoxyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyloxymethyleneoxy, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyloxymethyleneoxy, substituted aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyloxymethyleneoxy, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)acyloxymethyleneoxy, aroyloxymethyleneoxy, substituted aroyloxymethyleneoxy, thio, substituted thio, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkylthio, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyldithio, and (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)trialkylsilyloxy;
wherein
the aforesaid substituted amino or substituted mono(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkylamino moieties may be substituted with a carbonyl moiety selected from (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)acyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl]carbonyl, heterocycloalkylcarbonyl, aroyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl-carbonyl, heteroaroyl, heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy]carbonyl, heterocycloalkoxycarbonyl, heterocycloalkyl[C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy]carbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxycarbonyl, and heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxycarbonyl;
wherein
the aforesaid substituted hydroxy moieties may be substituted with a carbonyl moiety selected from (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)acyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl]carbonyl, heterocycloalkylcarbonyl, aroyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyl, heteroaroyl, substituted heteroaroyl, heteroaryl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy]carbonyl, heterocycloalkyloxycarbonyl, heterocycloalkyl[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy]carbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyloxycarbonyl, heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkylaminocarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkylaminocarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl]aminocarbonyl, heterocycloalkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylaminocarbonyl, heteroarlyaminocarbonyl, heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylaminocarbonyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)dialkylaminocarbonyl, aryl[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl]aminocarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkylalkylaminocarbonyl, diarylaminocarbonyl, and bis[aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl]aminocarbonyl;
wherein
the aforesaid substituted thio moiety may be substituted with a carbonyl moiety selected from (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)acyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl]carbonyl, heterocycloalkylcarbonyl, aroyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, heteroaryl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy]carbonyl, heterocycloalkyloxycarbonyl, heterocycloalkyl[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy]carbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyloxycarbonyl, heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkylaminocarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkylaminocarbonyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl]aminocarbonyl, heterocycloalkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylaminocarbonyl, heteroarylaminocarbonyl, heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylaminocarbonyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)dialkylaminocarbonyl, aryl[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl]aminocarbonyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.7)cycloalkylalkylaminocarbonyl, diarylaminocarbonyl, and bis[aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl]aminocarbonyl;
wherein
either R.sub.3 or R.sub.4 may also be selected from (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl with the proviso that:
the other must be selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, substituted hydroxy;
R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 must be hydrogen;
R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently may not be (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl; or
R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together with the associated N(itrogen) atom may not be azetidine, pyrrolidine or piperidine;
with the proviso that:
if there is a substituent at R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9 or R.sub.10 then the other of these substituents must be hydrogen;
A must be carbon; and
m must be 1;
with the proviso that:
if there is a hydroxy, substituted hydroxy, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkoxy, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyloxymethyleneoxy, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyloxymethyleneoxy, substituted aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyloxymethyleneoxy, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)acyloxymethyleneoxy, aroyloxymethyleneoxy, substituted aroyloxymethyleneoxy or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) trialkylsilyloxy substituent at R.sub.3 or R.sub.4 ;
the other substituent must be either hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl;
and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 must be hydrogen; or if there is an amino, substituted amino, mono(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkylamino, substituted mono(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkylamino, di(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkylanino, azido, thio, substituted thio, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkylthio, or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyldithio substituent at R.sub.3 or R.sub.4 ;
the other substituent must be hydrogen;
with the proviso that:
if there is a substituent other than hydrogen at R.sub.5 or R.sub.6 then the other substituent must be hydrogen;
R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen; and
R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 must be independently selected from the group consisting of straight or branched chain (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl and (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl; or
R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 when taken together with the associated N(itrogen) atom is imidazole or may form a moiety as in formula II: ##STR4## wherein R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9 and R.sub.10 must be hydrogen;
A must be carbon; and
m must be 0, 1.
with the proviso that:
if R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are all hydrogen then R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 when taken together with the associated N(itrogen) atom is imidazole or may form a moiety as in formula II: ##STR5## wherein R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are as above defined but must not both be hydrogen;
R.sub.9 and R.sub.10 must be hydrogen;
A must be carbon; and
m must be 1;
and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the compounds of the invention, the groups and atoms are defined below:
(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl group represent one to six carbon atoms either in a straight chain such as ethyl, n-butyl, n-hexyl or are branched such as tert-butyl, 3-methylpentyl.
(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl group represent one to four carbon atoms in a straight chain such as methylene, ethylene, propylene, butylene and are used to tether a cycloalky, aryl, heterocycloalkyl or hereroaryl group to the carbonyl moiety.
(C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)acyl group represent an alphatic part which may be straight or branched chain saturated or may have carbon carbon unsaturation attached to a carbonyl functionality and is exemplified by formyl, acetyl, propionyl, crotonyl, acryloyl groups.
(C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkoxy group represents an alphatic part which may be straight or branched chain, or may have carbon carbon unsaturation and is attached to an oxygen atom and is exemplified by methoxy and isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, isopropoxy, hexyloxy of which the (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy group are preferred.
(C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl group represents groups such as cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl and these groups can be attached directly to a carbonyl moiety such as cycolpentylcarbonyl or to an intervening oxygen or nitrogen atom such as cyclohexyloxycarbonyl and cyclopentylaminocarbonyl respectively.
(C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl represents a three to seven carbon ring attached to a one to four carbon straight alkyl chain and is exemplified by cyclopropylmethyl, cyclohexylethyl and cyclobutylpropyl.
Heterocycloalkyl group represents a heterocyclic group having from four to eight ring atoms, of which from 1 to 3 are heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms with the remainder being carbon atoms. In the heterocyclic groups, the atom through which the heterocyclic is attached is preferably a carbon atom. Examples of such heterocyclic ring systems include tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, tetrahydropyran-4-yl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 3-pyrrolidinyl, 3-piperidinyl, 2-morpholinyl.
Aryl group represents an aromatic group such as phenyl, 2-naphthyl, 4-biphenyl.
Heteroaryl group represents a heteroaromatic group having one or two rings with from five to ten ring atoms, of which one to four are heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms with the remainder being carbon atoms. In the heterocyclic groups the atom through which the heterocyclic is attached is preferably a carbon atom. Examples of such heteroaryl ring systems include pyrrolyl, thieyl, furyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, quinolyl.
The aryl and heteroaryl ring systems may be unsubstituted or substituted on the carbon atoms of the aryl or heteroaryl groups. Substituents include (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, alkoxy, methylthio, dialkylamino, alkoxycarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl or halo selected from fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo.
The novel compounds of the present invention may be readily prepared in accordance with one or more of the following reaction schemes wherein R.sub.1 ' and R.sub.2 ' are selected from (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl or one of R.sub.1 ' and R.sub.2 ' is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl and the other is --(CH.sub.2).sub.n R.sub.17 ' where n is 2-6; or R.sub.1 ' and R.sub.2 ' when taken together with the associated N(itrogen) form a moiety of formula II: ##STR6## where A' is C, N, O; m is 0, 1, or 2;
R.sub.9 ' and R.sub.10 ' are selected from hydrogen, hydroxymethyl and (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)trialkylsilyloxymethyl, with the proviso that when m is 0 or 1 and one of the R.sub.7 ', R.sub.8 ', R.sub.9 ' and R.sub.10 ' is other than hydrogen, the other substituents are hydrogen and A' is carbon;
R.sub.3 ', R.sub.4 ', R.sub.5 ', R.sub.6 ', R.sub.7 ', R.sub.8 ', and R.sub.17 ' are independently selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, substituted hydroxy, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkoxy and (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)trialkylsilyloxy R.sub.3 ' or R.sub.4 ' may also be selected from (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl; with the proviso that if there is a substituent other than hydrogen at R.sub.5 ' or R.sub.6 ' the other substitutent must be hydrogen and R.sub.3 ' and R.sub.4 ' are hydrogen; with the proviso that only one of R.sub.3 ' or R.sub.4 ' is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, hydroxy, substituted hydroxy, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkoxy or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)trialkylsilyloxy; R.sub.11 is isopropyl when R.sub.12 is hydrogen or R.sub.11 is phenyl when R.sub.12 is methyl; R.sub.13 and R.sub.14 are selected from hydrogen and (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl; R.sub.15 is hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl; R.sub.16 is hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl; P is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, substituted cycloalkyl or substituted oxazalone. ##STR7##
SCHEME I
In accordance with Scheme I, the diamines of general formula 4 and 5 are prepared by a modification of previously described methods [U. Swenson, U. Hacksell, R. Dahlboom. Acta Pharm. Suec., (1978), 15, 67; H. Bittiger, J. Heid, U.S. Pat. No. 3,354,178 (1967)]. The advantage, over the published procedures, is the mild conditions used to remove the trifluoroacetamide protecting group.
Propargylamine is treated with trifluoroacetic acid anhydride in a solvent such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or methylene chloride to afford trifluoroacetamide 2. Compound 2 is reacted with paraformaldehyde, acetic or propanoic acid, cuprous halide and a secondary amine such as pyrrolidine, dimethylamine, piperidine, (R)-3-acetoxypyrroldine or (S)-2-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]methylpyrrolidine in a ethereal solvent such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane at the reflux temperature of the solvent to give the amine of general formula 3. A compound of general formula 3 is reacted in an alcohol solvent such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol containing a mineral acid to produce a diamine of general formula 4. When compounds of general formula 3 contain an acid labile group, such as (S)-2-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]methylpyrrolidine, treatment with sodium borohydride in an alcohol solvent gives diamines of general formula 5. ##STR8##
SCHEME II
In accordance with Scheme II, ester 8, wherein R.sub.15 =(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, is prepared by the procedure of J. K. Whitesell et al., J. Org. Chem., 1989,54,2258. Ester 8 wherein R.sub.15 =hydrogen is prepared by the procedure of J. K. Whitesell et al., Tetrahedron, 1986, 42,2993.
Phenylcyclohexanone, in the racemic or optically active form (Chima, 1986, 40,318, Organic Synthesis, 1990, Vol 69, 1) is reacted with an .alpha.-ketoacid, such as pyruvic acid, in an inert solvent, such as benzene or toluene, in the presence of a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid. Water is removed by azeotropic distillation to give a compound of general formula 7 wherein R.sub.15 =(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl. A compound of formula 7 is reacted with allyltrimethylsilane in the presence of stannic chloride in an inert solvent, such as methylene chloride, at -78.degree. C. to give a compound of general formula 8.
Compounds of general formula 13 are optically active, wherein one of R.sub.13 or R.sub.14 =(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl and the other one is hydrogen, are prepared by the procedure of D. A. Evans et. al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1982, 104,1737.
A compound of general formula 9 is reacted with a lower alkyllithium reagent in an ether solvent, such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, at -78.degree. C. followed by the addition of a (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylcarboxylic acid chloride to give compounds of general formula 10. Alternatively, a compound of the general formula 9 is reacted with a lower alkyllithium reagent in an ether solvent, such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, at -78.degree. C. followed by the addition of a 4-pentenoic acid chloride to give compounds of general formula 11. Reacting compounds of general formula 10 with a lower alkyllithium reagent, such as n-butyllithium or t-butyllithium, in an inert solvent, such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, at -78.degree. C.; followed by the addition of a 2-propenyl halide and warming to -20.degree. C. gives products of general formula 12. Alternately, reacting compounds of general formula 11 with a lower alkyllithium reagent, such as n-butyl-lithium or t-butyllithium, in an inert solvent, such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, at -78.degree. C.; followed by the addition of a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl halide and warming to -20.degree. C. gives compounds of general formula 12. The addition of compounds of general formula 12 to a solution of a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl alcohol or phenylmethyl alcohol and an alkyllithium reagent in an ether solvent, such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, at 0.degree. C. gives compounds of general formula 13.
Compounds of general formula 17, wherein R.sub.16 =(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl and the other is hydrogen, are prepared by the procedure of A. V. Rama Rao et. al., Tetrahedron Letters, 1988, 29, 2069.
The dialkyl ester of (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl malonate 14 is treated, with an alkali metal alkoxide and subsequently reacted with a 2-propenyl halide, such as allylbromide, to give the disubstituted malonate ester 15. Ester 15 is subjected to saponification, using potassium hydroxide in a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl alcohol, such as ethyl alcohol; followed by acidification, with a mineral acid; and decarboxylation by distillation to give the racemic acid 16. Reacting compound 15 with thionyl chloride or oxalyl chloride; followed by the addition of a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl alcohol, such as ethyl alcohol, or an arylmethyl alcohol, such as benzyl alcohol, gives the racemic ester 17.
As cited in the reference, the racemic acid may be resolved by reacting the product of treatment with thionyl chloride or oxalyl chloride with a resolving agent, such as L-phenylalaninol.
Compounds 8, 13 and 17 are of general formula 18, where P is as previously described. ##STR9##
SCHEME III
In accordance with Scheme III compounds of general formula 18 prepared in accordance with Scheme II are reacted with compounds of general formulas 4, 5 prepared in accordance with Scheme I to ultimately yield the compounds of the present invention. Accordingly, compound of general formula 18 is treated with a stream of ozone at -78.degree. C. in methylene chloride or a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alcohol, such as methyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol. The resulting solution is treated with a reducing agent, like a thioether, such as dimethylsulfide, a phosphine, such as triphenylphosphine, or zinc and acetic acid, to obtain an aldehyde of the general formula 19. An aldehyde of general formula 19 is reacted with a diamine of general formula 4 or 5 prepared as in Scheme I and sodium cyanoborohydride, in an alcohol solvent, such as methyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol containing a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkylcarboxylic acid or a strong mineral acid to maintain an acidic pH, to give an aminoester of general formula 20. A compound of general formula 20 is converted to a lactam of general formula 21 by stirring at room temperature or heating at the reflux temperature of the alcohol solvent, such as methyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol, in the presence of an alkalimetal carbonate.
A compound of general formula 21, wherein R.sub.3 ' or R.sub.4 ' is not hydroxyl, is reacted at room temperature with cyanogen bromide in an ether solvent, such as diethyl ether, to give a compound of general formula 22. When a compound of general formula 21 contains a free hydroxyl, (i.e., R.sub.3 ' or R.sub.4 '=hydroxyl), it is necessary to protect the hydroxyl group, for example as a silyl ether, by reacting the free hydroxyl with a trialkylsilyl chloride, such as t-butyldimethylsilyl chloride, and a trialkylamine, such as triethylamine, in an inert solvent, such as methylene chloride, before the compound is treated with cyanogen bromide. A compound of general formula 22 is treated with a secondary amine, such as pyrrolidine, dimethylamine, piperidine, (R)-3-acetoxypyrrolidine, (R)-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]pyrrolidine or (S)-2-[[[(1,1-dimethyethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]methy]pyrrolidine to give a compound of general formula 23, where the protecting groups are retained. Removal of the silyloxy protecting group is achieved by treatment of the silylether with mineral acid or fluoride ion in an alcohol solvent. A compound of general formula 21 can be converted to a compound of general formula 23 using the procedures described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,235 and in Schemes IV-IX of the present invention. ##STR10##
SCHEME IV
In accordance with Scheme IV, the preparation of the compounds of the present invention wherein R.sub.3 or R.sub.4 are amino or azido are described. In the foregoing Scheme IV, Compound 24 is a subset of compound 23, where R.sub.3 ' and R.sub.4 ' are independently selected from hydroxyl or R.sub.15, wherein R.sub.15 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl or hydrogen. Where R.sub.15 is hydrogen, the compounds may be prepared as in Schemes I-III or as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,235. Where R.sub.15 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, the compounds may be prepared as in Schemes I-III.
In accordance with Scheme IV, a compound of general formula 24 is reacted with an alkyl or arylsulfonyl chloride in the presence of an amine base such as pyridine or triethylamine; in an ether or a chlorohydrocarbon solvent at 0.degree. C. (.-+.5.degree. C.), to produce a compound of general formula 25. Treatment of compound 25 with an alkali metal azide, in an alcohol or a polar aprotic solvent such as dimethylformamide, at from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent, gives a compound of general formula 26. Compound 26 is treated with a reducing agent, such as zinc in acetic acid or wet triphenylphosphine, to give a compound of general formula 27. ##STR11##
SCHEME V
In accordance with Scheme V, the preparation of the compounds of the present invention wherein R.sub.5 or R.sub.6 are amino or azido is described. Accordingly, a compound of general formula 28, prepared by the methods described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,235, is reacted with an alkyl or arylsulfonyl chloride in the presence of an amine base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or a chlorohydrocarbon solvent at 0.degree. C. (.+-.5.degree. C.) to produce a compound of general formula 29. Treatment of compound 29 with an alkali metal azide, in an alcohol or a polar aprotic solvent such as dimethylformamide, at from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent, gives a compound of general formula 30. Compound 30 is treated with a reducing agent, such as zinc in acetic acid or wet triphenylphosphine, to give a compound of general formula 31. ##STR12##
SCHEME VI
In accordance with Scheme VI, compound 24, prepared by methods described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,235 or as in Schemes I-III, is reacted with a carboxylic acid chloride or anhydride such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at 0.degree. C.(.+-.5.degree. C.) to give a compound of general formula 32.
Compound 24 is reacted with a chloroformate such as a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, aryl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at 0.degree. C.(.+-.5.degree. C.) to give a compound of general formula 33.
Compound 24 is reacted with an isocyanate such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl; or a carbamyl chloride such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)dialkyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, diaryl or bis[aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl] in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at 0.degree. C.(.+-.5.degree. C.) to give a compound of general formula 34.
Alternatively, compound 35, prepared by the methods described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,235 is reacted with a carboxylic acid chloride or anhydride such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at 0.degree. C.(.+-.5.degree. C.) to give a compound of general formula 36.
Compound 35 is reacted with a chloroformate such as a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, aryl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at 0.degree. C.(.+-.5.degree. C.) to give a compound of general formula 37.
Compound 35 is reacted with an isocyanate such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl; or a carbamyl chloride such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)dialkyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, diaryl or bis[aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl] in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at 0.degree. C.(.+-.5.degree. C.) to give a compound of general formula 38.
Compound 36, 37, and 38 are reacted with paraformaldehyde, acetic, acid, copper(I) or (II) chloride and a secondary amine as disclosed in R.sub.1 ' and R.sub.2 ' such as pyrrolidine, in an ether solvent, such as dioxane, in an inert atmosphere at the reflux temperature of the solvent, to give on basification, the corresponding compound of general formula 32, 33, and 34 wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are selected from R.sub.1 ' and R.sub.2 '. ##STR13##
SCHEME VII
In accordance with Scheme VII, compound 39, prepared by the methods described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,235, is reacted with a carboxylic acid chloride or anhydride such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at 0.degree. C.(.+-.5.degree. C.) to give a compound of general formula 40.
Compound 39 is reacted with a with chloroformate such as a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, aryl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, or heteroaryl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at 0.degree. C.(.+-.5.degree. C.) to give a compound of general formula 41.
Compound 39 is reacted with an isocyanate such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl; or a carbamyl chloride such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)dialkyl , aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, diaryl or bis[aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl] in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at 0.degree. C.(.+-.5.degree. C.) to give a compound of general formula 42.
Alternatively, compound 43, prepared by the methods described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,235, is reacted with a carboxylic acid chloride or anhydride such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at 0.degree. C.(.+-.5.degree. C.) to give a compound of general formula 44.
Compound 43 is reacted with a chloroformate such as a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, aryl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at 0.degree. C.(.+-.5.degree. C.) to give a compound of general formula 45.
Compound 43 is reacted with an isocyanate such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl; or a carbamyl chloride such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)dialkyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, diaryl or bis[aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl] in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at 0.degree. C.(.+-.5.degree. C.) to give a compound of general formula 46.
Compound 44, 45 and 46 are reacted with paraformaldehyde, acetic, acid, copper (I) or (II) chloride and a secondary amine as disclosed in R.sub.1 ' and R.sub.2 ' such as pyrrolidine, in an ether solvent, such as dioxane, in an inert atmosphere at the reflux temperature of the solvent, to give on basification, the corresponding compound of general formula 40, 41, and 42 wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are selected from R.sub.1 ' and R.sub.2 '. ##STR14##
SCHEME VIII
In accordance with Scheme VIII, compounds of general formula 27, prepared in accordance with Scheme IV are reacted with a carboxylic choride or anhydride such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, or heteroayl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at or near 0.degree. C. to give a compound of general formula 47. The compounds of general formula 27 are prepared in accordance with Scheme IV are reacted with a chloroformate such as a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, aryl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chorohydrocarbon solvent, at or near 0.degree. C. to give a compound of general formula 48. ##STR15##
SCHEME IX
In accordance with Scheme IX, compound of general formula 49, prepared in accordance with U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,235 are reacted with a carboxylic acid chloride or anhydride such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heteroaryl; substituted heteroaryl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at or near 0.degree. C. to give a compound of general formula 50. Compounds of general formula 49 are reacted with a chloroformate such as a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, aryl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at or near 0.degree. C. to give a compound of general formula 51. Compound of general formula 49 are reacted with an isocyanate such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub. 10)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heteroaryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl; or a carbamyl chloride such as (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)dialkyl, aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.7)cycloalkyl, diaryl or bis [aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl] in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, in an ether or chlorohydrocarbon solvent, at or near 0.degree. C. to give a compound of general formula 52.
The compounds of this invention are tested for cholinergic activity according to the following procedures.
[.sup.3 H] Quinuclidinyl Benzilate Binding Assay
This assay is utilized in conjunction with the .sup.3 H-Cis-methyldioxolane binding assay to evaluate antagonist and high affinity agonist binding properties of CNS cholinergic agents. The procedure was adapted from Watson, M., Yamamura, H. I., and Roeske, W. R., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 237: 411-418 (1986) and Watson, M., Roeske, W. R., and Yamamura, H.I., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 237: 419-427 (1986).
Tissue Preparation:
Rats are sacrificed by decapitation and the brain removed and placed on ice. The cerebral cortex is dissected on a cold stage, weighed and homogenized (Polytron, setting 5.5 with PT-10 saw-tooth generator for 15 seconds) in 50 volumes (wet wt/vol) of ice-cold 10 mM (8.1 mM Na.sub.2 HPO.sub.4, 1.9 mM KH.sub.2 PO.sub.4) sodium-potassium phosphate buffer (NaKPB), pH 7.4. The homogenate is placed in an ice bath for 30 seconds and homogenized again as above. This procedure is repeated once again for a total of three times. The resulting homogenate is then diluted 1:3000 (original wet wt/vol) with ice-cold NaKPB for use in the assay. The final protein content per 2.0 ml of incubation mixture is 0.1 mg.
Dilution of Compounds:
A stock solution of Atropine is prepared at 0.2 mM to define non-specific binding (1 .mu.M final conc). Test compounds are prepared at 40 mM (final conc 1 mM) in buffer (if water soluble) or in absolute ethanol--1N HCl (1:1, v/v) and serially diluted to the desired concentrations. In general, dose-response profiles are examined between 1 mM and 1 pM final concentrations.
Preparation of .sup.3 H-QNB:
.sup.3 H-QNB (NEN, NET-656; specific activity=30.0 Ci/mmol) is diluted to 5 nM, with NaPB (final concentation=0.25 nM activity 18,000 cpm at a counting efficiency of 55%).
.sup.3 H-QNB Binding Assay:
A typical protocol is outlined below:
______________________________________ Test Com-Tube Buffer Atropine pound .sup.3 H-QNB TissueNo. ID* .mu.L .mu.L .mu.L .mu.L ml______________________________________1-2 Total 50 -- -- 100 1.853-4 NS 40 10 -- " "5-6 4e-11 -- -- 50 " "7-8 4e-10 -- -- " " " 9-10 4e-09 -- -- " " "11-12 4e-08 -- -- " " "13-14 4e-07 -- -- " " "15-16 4e-06 -- -- " " "17-18 4e-05 -- -- " " "19-20 4e-04 -- -- " " "21-22 4e-03 -- -- " " "23-24 4e-02 -- -- " " "______________________________________ *Stock concentration [M] of compound to be tested.
Components are added in the following order: test compound, radioligand, buffer or tissue to give a final volume of 2.0 ml. After adding the tissue homogenate, the tubes are thoroughly mixed and incubated at 25.degree. C. for 120 minutes. At the end of 120 minutes, the samples are filtered through GF/B glass fiber filters (Whatman) using a 24 sample cell harvester (Brandel) under a vacuum of 15 mm Hg. The tubes are washed with 5.times.3 ml ice-cold NaKPB. The filters are then placed in scintillation vials with 10 ml of scintillation cocktail (Beckman HP or HP/B), allowed to stand overnight, shaken and then counted. Specific binding is calculated as Total--NS (non-specific). The percent inhibition of specific binding is then calculated and the Ki values computed using either the LIGAND or LUNDON software packages for competition binding. The results of this test on representative compounds of this invention appear in Table I.
[.sup.3 H]-Cis-methyldioxolane Binding Assay (High Affinity)
This assay is utilized is conjunction with .sup.3 H-QNB binding to evaluate high affinity agonist binding and antagonist properties of CNS cholinergic agents. The procedure was adapted from Vickroy, T. W., Roeske, W. R, and Yamamura, H. I, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 229: 747-755 (1984). This is a rapid filtration assay that is set up to label only the high affinity agonist conformation of the muscarinic cholinergic receptor.
Tissue Preparation:
Rats are sacrificed by decapitation and the brain removed and placed on ice. The cerebral cortex is dissected on a cold stage, weighed and homogenized (Polytron, setting 5.5 with PT-10 saw-tooth generator for 15 seconds) in 50 volumes (wet wt/vol) of ice-cold 10 mM (8.1 mM Na.sub.2 HPO.sub.4, 1.9 mM KH.sub.2 PO.sub.4) sodium-potassium phosphate buffer (NaKPB), pH 7.4. The homogenate is placed in an ice bath for 30 seconds and homogenized again as above. This procedure is repeated once again for a total of three times. The resulting homogenate is then diluted 1:3000 (original wet wt/vol) with ice-cold NaKPB for use in the assay. The final protein content per 2.0 ml of incubation mixture is 0.1 mg.
Dilution of Compounds:
A stock solution of Atropine is prepared at 0.2 mM to define non-specific binding (1 .mu.M final conc). Test compounds are prepared at 40 mM (final conc 1 mM) in buffer (if water soluble) or in absolute ethanol--1N HCl (1:1, v/v) and serially diluted to the desired concentrations. In general, dose-response profiles are examined between 1 mM and 1 pM final concentrations.
Preparation of .sup.3 -H-CD:
.sup.3 H-CD (NEN, NET-647; specific activity=55.5 Ci/mmol) is diluted to 20 nM with NaPB (final conc=1.0 nM, activity 75,000 cpm at a counting efficiency of 55%).
Technical Notes:
.sup.3 -H-CD adheres readily to both glass and plastic surfaces. To eliminate this problem (and the chance for introducing artifacts into the results), stock vials, pipette tips and all glass tubes are routinely treated with Prosil-28, a siliconizing agent, and oven dried prior to use in an assay. Additionally, the GF/B glass fiber filters are pro-soaked in an aqueous polyethylenimine (PEI) solution (0.1%, pH 7.0) prior to use.
All points in the inhibition curve (including total and non-specific binding) are always measured on single PEI treated filter strips to minimize filter-to-filter variability. (See Bruns, R. F., et al. Anal. Biochem. 132: 74-81 (1983) for the use of PEI treated filters in filtration receptor assays).
The .sup.3 H-CD is prepared fresh in buffer just prior to use in the assay to avoid possible decomposition. It should be kept on an ice bath after dilution in buffer.
.sup.3 H-CD Binding Assay:
A typical protocol is outlined below:
______________________________________ Test Com-Tube Buffer Atropine pound .sup.3 H-QNB TissueNo. ID* .mu.L .mu.L .mu.L .mu.L ml______________________________________1-2 Total 50 -- -- 100 1.853-4 NS 40 10 -- " "5-6 4e-11 -- -- 50 " "7-8 4e-10 -- -- " " " 9-10 4e-09 -- -- " " "11-12 4e-08 -- -- " " "13-14 4e-07 -- -- " " "15-16 4e-06 -- -- " " "17-18 4e-05 -- -- " " "19-20 4e-04 -- -- " " "21-22 4e-03 -- -- " " "23-24 4e-02 -- -- " " "______________________________________ *Stock concentration [M] of compound to be tested.
Components are added in the following order: test compound, radioligand, buffer or tissue to give a final volume of 2.0 ml. After adding the tissue homogenate, the tubes are thoroughly mixed and incubated at 25.degree. C. for 120 minutes. At the end of 120 minutes, the samples are filtered through GF/B glass fiber filters (Whatman) using a 24 sample cell harvester (Brandel) under a vacuum of 15 mm Hg. The tubes are washed with 5.times.3 ml ice-cold NaKPB. The filters are then placed in scintillation vials with 10 ml of scintillation cocktail (Beckman HP or HP/B), allowed to stand overnight, shaken and then counted. Specific binding is calculated as Total--NS (non-specific). The percent inhibition of specific binding is then calculated and the Ki values computed using either the LIGAND or LUNDON software packages for competition binding. The results of this test on representative compounds of this invention appear in Table I.
TABLE 1______________________________________In vitro Binding Data .sup.3 H-QNB .sup.3 H-CDCompound Ki uM Ki uM______________________________________2,2,2-Trifluoro-N-[4(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- 18.5 8.88butynyl]acetamide monohydrochlorideN-[4-Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2,2,2- >100 6.10trifluoroacetamide monohydrochlorideN-[(4-Diethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2,2,2- >100 4.07trifluoroacetamide monohydrochloride(S)-N-[4-[2-[[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl]- >100 41.4dimethylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-1-pyrro-lidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2,2,2-trifluoro-acetamide4-(1-Pyrrolidinyl)-2-butyn-1-amine >100 13.0dihydrochlorideN,N-Dimethyl-2-butyne-1,4-diamine >100 20.5dihydrochlorideN,N-Diethyl-2-butyne-1,4-diamine >100 >100dihydrochlorideRacemic-1-[4-Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- >100 >1003-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidinoneRacemic-3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-1-[4-(1-pyrro- 8.6 5.70lidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinoneRacemic 1-[4-(1-Dimethylamino)-2- 21 0.41butynyl]-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidinoneRacemic 1-[4-(1-Diethylamino)-2- 6.0 5.1butynyl]-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-3- 35.5 0.68methyl-2-pyrrolidinone(R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-3- 7.7 0.073methyl-2-pyrrolidinoneRacemic 1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2- 6.7 0.057butynyl]-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidinoneRacemic 1-[4-(1-azetidinyl)-2-butynyl-3- 2.0 0.054methyl-2-pyrrolidinone[R-[(R*,R* and R*,S*)]]-1-[4-[2-[[[(1,1- 2.5 5.6Dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone[R-(R*,R* and R*, S*)]-1-[4-(3-([(1,1- >100 >100Dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-1-[4-(Diethylamino)-2-butynyl]-3- 7.6 15.4[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]-oxy]-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-1-(4-(1-Azetidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- 5.8 5.6[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]-oxy]-2-pyrrolidinone(R)-1-[4-(1-Azetidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- >100 >100[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]-oxy]-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-3-([(1,1-Dimethylethyl)dimethyl- >100 24.3silyl]oxy]-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2-butynyl-2-pyrrolidinone(R)-3-[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)dimethyl- >100 14.0silyl]oxy]-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)- >100 0.122-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone1-[4-(1H-Imidazol-1-yl)-2-butynyl]-3- >100 2.0hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-3- 14.3 18.2[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]-oxy]-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-3- 26.9 0.043hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone(R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-3- 104.7 0.54hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-3-[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)dimethyl- 2.7 3.0silyl]oxy]-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- 1.7 0.007butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone(R)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- 3.4 0.125butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)- >100 1.82methylamino]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrro-lidinone(R)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-[(4-hydroxybutyl)- >100 1.45methylamino]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrro-lidinone[R-(R*,S*)]-3-(Acetyloxy)-1-[4-[2- 500 1.7[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]-oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone[S-(R*,R*)]-3-(Acetyloxy)-1-[4-[2- 2.6 0.079[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]-oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone[S-(R*,S*)]-3-(Acetyloxy)-1-[4-[2- >100 4.2[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]-oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone[R-(R*,R*)]-3-Acetyloxy)-1-[4-[2- >100 10.1[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]-oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-3-(Acetyloxy)-1-[4-[2-(hydroxy- >100 16.2ethyl)methylamino]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone(R)-3-(Acetyloxy)-1-[4-[(2-hydroxy- >100 28.3ethyl)methylamino]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrro-lidinone(S)-3-(Acetyloxy)-1-[4-[(4-hydroxy- >100 8.21butyl)methylaminol-2-butynyl]-2-pyrro-lidinone[R-(R*,S*)]-1-[4-[2-[[[(1,1- 0.5 0.47Dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-methyl-]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-3-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidone[S-(R*,R*)]-1-[4-[2-[[[(1,1- 0.4 0.14Dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-3-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone[S-(R*,S*)]-1-[4-[2-[[[(1,1-Dimethyl- 198 1.7ethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-3-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone[R-(R*,R*)]-1-[4-[27[[((1,1-Dimethyl- >100 4.2ethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-3-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone(R)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)- >100 1.80methylamino]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrro-lidinone(S)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-[(4-hydroxybutyl)- >100 1.3methylaminc]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrro-lidinone[S-(R*,S*)]-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-[2- >100 2.60(hydroxymethyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone[S-(R*,R*)]-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-[2- >100 34.3(hydroxymethyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-3-(Methylthio)-1-[4- 53 1.04(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone(R)-3-(Methylithio)-1-[4-(1-pyrro- 3.6 1.4lidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrroli-dinone(S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- >100 6.43-(methylthio)-2-pyrrolidinone(R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- 108 6.13-(methylthio)-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-N,N,N-Trimethyl-4-(3-(methylthio)- 1.8 0.312-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide(S)-3-Azido-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- 3.14 0.16butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-3-Amino-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- 73.6 0.412-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone dihydro-chloride(R)-3-Azido-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- 28 0.212-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone(R)-3-Amino-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- 6.1 0.352-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone dihydro-chloride(S)-3-Azido-1-[4-(dimethylamino)- >100 0.632-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone(R)-3-Azido-1-[4-(dimethylamino)- >100 0.502-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone(S)-4-(3-Azido-2-oxo-1-pyrro- 1.6 0.045lidinyl)-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide(R)-4-(3-Azido-2-oxo-1-pyrro- 0.8 0.039lidinyl)-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide(S)-3-Amino-1-[4-(dimethylamino)- >100 2.62-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone dihydro-chloride(R)-3-Amino-1-[4-(dimethylamino)-2- >100 0.89butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone dihydro-chloride(S)-2-Methylpropanoic acid 1-[4- 610 ND(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-2,2-Dimethylpropanoic acid 1- 484 38.8[4-(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Decanoic acid 1-[4-(dimethyl- 0.6 0.023amino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrro-lidinyl ester(S)-Carbonic acid 1-[4-(dimethylamino)- 10 0.3062-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl octylester(S)-Carbonic acid 1-[4-(dimethylamino)- 15.1 2.162-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl] methylester(S)-N,N,N-Trimethyl-4-[2-oxo-3-[(1- 0.003 0.156oxodecyl)oxy]-1-pyrrolidinyl-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide(S)-N,N,N-Trimethyl-4-[3-(2-methyl-1- 64.3 6.96oxopropoxy)-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide(S)-4-[3-(2,2-Dimethyl-1-oxopropoxy)- 478 7.802-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl]-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide(S)-N,N,N-Trimethyl-4-[3-[[(octyloxy)- 0.1 0.013carbonyl]oxy]-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide(S)-2-Methylpropanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- 7.2 0.162(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrro-lidinyl ester(S)-2,2-Dimethylpropanoic acid 2-oxo- 4.6 0.371-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-3-[[(Methylamino)carbonyl]oxy-1-[4- 433 >100(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrro-lidinone(S)-Dimethylcarbamic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- 40.3 9.56(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrro-lidinyl ester(S)-Carbonic acid hexyl 2-oxo-1-[4- 1.7 0.015(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrro-lidinyl ester(S)-Carbonic acid methyl 5.4 0.0532-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-buty-nyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Carbonic acid methyl 2-oxo- 10.4 0.231-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Propanoic acid 2-methyl-1-[4- 711 26.0(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-2,2-Dimethylpropanoic acid 404 ND1-[4-(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Decanoic acid 1-[4-(dimethyl- >100 0.73amino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrro-lidinyl ester(R)-Octylcarbamic acid 1-[4-(di- 32 1.43methylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Carbonic acid 1-[4-(dimethyl- 52 3.07amino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrro-lidinyl methyl ester monohydro-chloride(R)-Carbonic acid 1-[4-(dimethyl- 1.5 1.04amino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrro-lidinyl octyl ester(R)-N,N,N-Trimethyl-4-[3-(2-methyl- 45 0.241-oxopropoxy)-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide(R)-4-[3-(2,2-Dimethyl-1-oxopropoxy)- >100 1.222-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl]-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide(R)-4-[2-Oxo-3-((1-oxodecyl)oxy]- 0.2 0.0501-pyrrolidinyl]-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide(R)-N,N,N-Trimethyl-4-[3-[[(octyl- 0.5 0.49amino)carbonyl]oxyl-2-oxo-1-pyrro-lidinyl]-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide(R)-N,N,N-Trimethyl-4-[3-[[(octyloxy)- 0.2 0.010carbonyl]oxy]-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide(R)-2-Methylpropanoic acid 2-oxo-1- 87 0.135[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrro-lidinyl ester(R)-2,2-Dimethylpropanoic acid 2-oxo- 10.2 0.501-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Decanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrro- 0.2 0.097lidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylester(R)-Carbonic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrro- 1.4 0.11lidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylphenymethyl ester(R)-Octylcarbamic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- 0.2 0.24pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylester(R)-Carbonic acid octyl 2-oxo-1-[4- 0.1 0.076(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrro-lidinyl ester(R)-Carbonic acid methyl 2-oxo-1-[4- 27.3 0.35(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrro-lidinyl ester(S)-Decanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrro- 0.035 0.33lidinyl)-2-butynyl]-4-pyrrolidinylester(S)-Carbonic acid methyl 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- 1.8 0.85pyrrolidiny)-2-butynyl]-4-pyrrolidinylester(S)-Octylcarbamic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- 0.13 0.35pyrrolidinyl-2-butynyl]-4-pyrrolidinylester______________________________________
Those compounds which have .sup.3 H-CD and .sup.3 H-QNB Ki values of less than 100 .mu.M are considered active. The compounds tested can be divided into 3 categories: 1. compounds which are products or therapeutic agents; 2. compounds which are a prodrug form of the products or therapeutic agents and 3. compounds which are reaction intermediates.
The term prodrug signifies a compound which is to some degree chemically and biochemically labile. When the prodrug is metabolized in the body, the active product or therapeutic agent is released or unmasked.
The pharmaceutical preparations of the present invention may contain, for example, from about 0.5% up to about 90% of the active ingredient in combination with the carrier, more usually between 5% and 60% by weight.
The effective dosage of active ingredient employed may vary with the particular compound employed, the mode of administration, and the severity of the condition being treated. In general, however, satisfactory results are obtained when the compounds of the invention are administered at a daily dosage of from about 0.02 mg to about 100 mg/kg of patient body weight, preferably given in divided doses two to four times a day, or in sustained release form. For most patients, the total daily dosage is from about 1 mg to about 5,000 mg, preferably from about 1 mg to 20 mg. Dosage forms suitable for internal use comprise from about 0.25 to 5.0 mg of the active compound in intimate admixture with a solid or liquid pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. This dosage regimen may be adjusted to provide the optimal therapeutic response. For example, several divided doses may be administered daily or the dose may be proportionally reduced as indicated by the exigencies of the therapeutic situation.
A decided practical advantage is that these active compounds may be administered orally as well as by intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes if necessary. Solid carriers include starch, lactose, dicalcium phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose, and kaolin, while liquid carriers include sterile water, polyethylene glycols, non-ionic surfactants, and edible oils such as corn, peanut, and sesame oils, as are appropriate to the nature of the active ingredient and the particular form of administration desired. Adjuvants customarily employed in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions may be advantageously included, such as flavoring agents, coloring agents, and antioxidants, e.g., vitamin E, ascorbic acid, BHT and BHA.
The preferred pharmaceutical compositions from the standpoint of ease of preparation and administration are solid compositions, particularly tablets and hard-filled or liquid-filled capsules. Oral administration of the compounds is preferred.
These active compounds may also be administered parenterally or intraperitoneally. Solutions or suspensions of these active compounds as a free base or pharmacologically acceptable salt can be prepared in water suitably mixed with a surfactant such as hydroxypropylcellulose. Dispersions can also be prepared in glycerol, liquid polyethylene glycols, and mixtures thereof in oils. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations contain a preservative to prevent the growth of microorganisms.
The pharmaceutical forms suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersions. In all cases, the form must be sterile and must be fluid to the extent that easy syringability exits. It must be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must be preserved against the contaminating action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water ethanol, polyol (e.g., glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyethylene glycol), suitable mixtures thereof, and vegetable oils.
As used herein, "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" includes any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents and the like. The use of such media and agents for pharmaceutically active substances is well known in the art. Except insofar as any conventional media or agent is incompatible with the active ingredient, its use in therapeutic compositions is contemplated.
The use of the radioligand binding assays (.sup.3 H-QNB and .sup.3 H-CD) to characterize the hydroxylated oxotremorine derivatives provides a useful first approximation for,the evaluation of the muscarinic agonist-like profile of a test compound. However, in using a prodrug methodology, intrinsic activity will not be observed until in vivo hydrolysis or metabolism to the active compound occurs. Therefore, radioligand binding data, performed on the carbonyl derivatives, will not provide leading information. As a result, the observed overt effects after oral administration to rats of the test carbonyl derivative, relative to its corresponding hydroxylated oxotremorine compound, became the primary in vivo pharmacological measure. These in vivo overt effects are attributed to the peripheral acetylcholine-like effects of the compound, such as salivation, tremor and diarrhea. The in vivo overt effects also providing dosing information for the behavioral tests of cognitive improvement.
The passive avoidance produce (Olson S. Wenk, G. Phychopharmacology: The Third Generation of Progress, ed. Meltzer, H. Y. Raven Press, New York 1987; Rusted, J. M.; Warburton, D. M. Neuropsychobiology 1989, 21, 31) is used as the primary behavioral model to measure potential memory enhancing effect of the compound. The test performed in rats uses the antagonism of atropine-induced deficits (12 mg/kg s.c.) in retention of a noxious consequence (foot shock). The behavioral test provides a reasonably rapid assessment that, in conjunction with the evaluation of side effects, can serve as an initial basis for determining the likely potential of these compounds for clinical efficacy.
In the atropine disruption of the passive avoidance procedure, rats are injected s.c. with 12 mg/kg of atropine and placed into one side of a two-compartment chamber. The side into which the rats are placed is brightly illuminated. When the rat enters the darkened portion of the experimental chamber a guillotine door separating the two compartments is lowered and the rat receives a 3-sec 0.75 mA electric shock. Rats receiving saline under this procedure do not enter the darkened portion of the chamber when tested 24 hours following this initial experience, whereas rats receiving atropine enter the chamber with a very brief latency, similar to that obtained on the first exposure day. The test compounds are evaluated for their ability to reverse the passive avoidance deficits induced by atropine. For the atropine-reversal assessment, a range of doses of the test compounds is administered 50 minutes prior to the atropine, which is administered 20 minutes before the initial experimental session. Doses of the test compounds are suspended in methylcellulose and administered orally via a stainless steel feeding tube. The test session on day two is conducted without drug administration and without shock. The rat is allowed 3 minutes no enter the darkened portion of the chamber at which time it is removed. The latency (sec) to enter the darkened chamber on the second test day is the primary measure of the ability of the test compound to reverse atropine-induced deficits in the passive avoidance response. Compounds which produce a significant latency, when compared to the saline controls, are considered active.
In general, the carbonyl derivatives of the hydroxylated oxotremorines are orally active in the passive avoidance procedure at doses that are lower than those which produce corresponding cholinergic side effects. In those compounds where activity in the passive avoidance procedure is not noted, significant side effects are observed which are assumed to mask the desired pharmacological effect.
TABLE IB______________________________________in Vivo Pharmacological Data Passive Side Effect Avoidance Profile active minimum dose or effective range dose (MED) (rat) po (rat) poCompound Name .mu. mol/kg .mu. mol/kg______________________________________(S)-Butanoic acid 1-[4- 8.0(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Hexanoic acid 1-[4- 5.9(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Octanoic acid 1-[4- 8.0(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Ethylcarbamic acid 1-[4- 13 >510(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Butylcarbamic acid 1-[4- 12-100 >493(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Hexylcarbamic acid 1-[4- >510(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Octylcarbamic acid 1-[4- 1-3 >520(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2- 2.2butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid ethyl ester(S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2- 12-51 32butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid butyl ester(S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2- 26 8butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid butyl ester(R)-Butanoic acid 1-[4- 13-105 127(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Hexanoic acid 1-[4- 10-84 255(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Octanoic acid 1-[4- 13 508(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Ethylcarbamic acid 1-[4- >510(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Butylcarbamic acid 1-[4- 3-7 >340(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Hexylcarbamic acid 1-[4- 7-58 >530(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl esterR)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2- 110 258butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid ethyl ester(R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2- 1.6, 3.1 127butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid ethyl ester(R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2- 6, 46 254butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid ethyl ester(S)-Butanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- 1.7(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Hexanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- 1.8(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Octanoic acid 1-[4-(1- 14(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Decanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- 6 14(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Ethylcarbamic acid 2-oxo- 22-90 >4901-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Butylcarbamic acid 2-oxo- 22-180 225[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Hexylcarbamic acid 2-oxo- 45 >4501-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-Octylcarbamic acid 2-oxo- 11, 45 >4501-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(S)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1- 1.7pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acidethyl ester(S)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1- 1-10 0.9pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acidbutyl ester(S)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1- 28pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acidoctyl ester(R)-Butanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- 5-18 7.2(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Hexanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- 11, 22 7.0(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Octanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- 2-5 14(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Ethylcarbamic acid 2-oxo- 22 281-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Butylcarbamic acid 2-oxo- 28 >2431-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-Hexylcarbamic acid 2-oxo- 90 >4501-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester(R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1- 14 14pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acidbutyl ester(R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1- 23 7pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acidhexyl ester______________________________________

The following examples describe in detail the chemical synthesis of representative compounds of the present invention. The procedures are illustrations, and the invention should not be construed as being limited by chemical reactions and conditions they express. No attempt has been made to optimize the yields obtained in these reactions, and it would be obvious to one skilled in the art that variations in reaction times, temperatures, solvents, and/or reagents could increase the yields.
EXAMPLE 1
2,2,2-Trifluoro-N-2-propynylacetamide
To a stirring 0.degree. C. solution of 15.0 g of propargylamine in 200 ml of methylene chloride is added, dropwise, a solution of 63.0 g of trifluoroacetic anhydride in 50 ml of methylene chloride. The reaction is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour followed by the addition of 100 ml of water. The mixture is washed with 150 ml of 1N hydrochloric acid and 150 ml of saturated sodium bicarbonate. The organic layer is dried, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is distilled under vacuum (0.2 mm Hg) at 40.degree. C. to give 32.1 g of the desired product as a colorless oil.
EXAMPLE 2
2,2,2-Trifluoro-N-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]acetamide monohydrochloride
A mixture of 50.0 g of product from Example 1, 47.1 g of pyrrolidine, 24.9 g of paraformaldehyde, 50 ml of glacial acetic acid, 0.5 g of cuprous chloride and 500 ml of dry dioxane is heated at reflux temperature for 20 minutes. The reaction mixture is concentrated in vacuo and made basic to pH 10-11 with concentrated ammonium hydroxide. The aqueous layer is extracted with methylene chloride. The combined organic extracts are dried over sodium sulfate, filtered through a pad of diatomaceous earth and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is distilled under vacuum (0.3 mm Hg) at 110.degree.-120.degree. C. to give the desired product as a yellow oil. Eight grams of oil is dissolved in 1N methanolic hydrogen chloride. The resulting solid is collected and recrystallized from methyl alcohol/diethyl ether to give 1.7 g of the desired product as the monohydrochloride.
MP 125.degree.-127.degree. C.
Following the general procedure of Example 2 and using 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-2-propynylacetamide
(Example 1), the products of Examples 3-5, found in Table II, are prepared.
TABLE II__________________________________________________________________________ MP.degree.C./or [alpha].sub.D.sup.26Example Reactant Product (methylene chloride)__________________________________________________________________________3 Dimethylamine N-[4-Dimethylamino)-2- 112-114.degree. butynyl]-2,2,2-trifluoro- acetamide monomhydro- chloride4 Diethylamine N-[4-(Diethylamino)-2- 111-112.degree. butynyl]-2,2,2-trifluoro- acetamide monohydro- chloride5 (S)-2-[[[1,1- (S)-N-[4-[2-[[[(1,1- [alpha].sub.D.sup.26 = -41.degree. (Dimethylethyl)- Dimethylethyl]- dimethylsilyl]oxy- dimethylsilyl]oxy]- methyl]-1- methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]- pyrrolidinyl]-2- 2-butynyl]-2,2,2- butynyl]-2,2,2- trifluoroacetamide trifluoroacetamide__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLE 6
4-(1-Pyrrolidinyl)-2-butyn-1-amine dihydrochloride
A mixture of 50.0 g of product from Example 2 and 267 ml of 4N hydrochloric acid is heated at reflux temperature. After 2 hours, the progress of the reaction is checked by thin layer chromatography, 70 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid is added and the mixture is heated at reflux temperature overnight. The reaction is concentrated in vacuo and the residue is washed with methylene chloride. The aqueous layer is cooled, made basic with 10N sodium hydroxide and extracted with methylene chloride. The combined organic extracts are dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 27.8 g of a dark oil. The oil is treated with 450 ml of 1N methanolic hydrogen chloride and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting solid is recrystallized from methyl alcohol/diethyl ether to give 31.2 g of the desired product as off-white crystals.
MP 192.degree.-193.degree. C.
Following the general procedure of Example 6, the products of Examples 7-8, found in Table III, are prepared.
TABLE III__________________________________________________________________________ StartingExample Material Reactant Product MP .degree.C.__________________________________________________________________________7 Example 3 Hydrochloric N,N-Dimethyl-2-butyne- 181-183.degree. acid 1,4-diamine dihydrochloride8 Example 4 Hydrochloric N,N-Diethyl-2-butyne- 149-150.degree. acid 1,4-diamine dihydrochloride__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLE 9
(S)-4-[2-[[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)dimethylsily]oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butyn-1-amine
To a stirring solution of 5.76 g of product from Example 5 in 145 ml of tetrahydrofuran and 3 ml of water is added 5.76 g of sodium borohydride. The reaction is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours followed by concentration in vacuo to half volume. Saturated sodium chloride is added and the mixture is extracted with methylene chloride. The organic layer is concentrated in vacuo to give a viscous oil. The oil is purified by chromatography (alumina, grade 2.5, 1% methyl alcohol/methylene chloride) to give 1.92 g of the desired product as a colorless oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-56.degree. (methyl alcohol, c=1.016%).
EXAMPLE 10
Racemic 1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
A solution of 5.0 g of 2-phenylcyclohexanol, 8.25 g of pyruvic acid, 0.3 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 100 ml of toluene is heated at reflux temperature. A Dean-Stark trap is used to collect the water distillate. The reaction is cooled, washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate, dried and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by column chromatography (silica gel, methylene chloride) to give 5.5 g of trans-2-phenylcyclohexylpyruvate.
To a -78.degree. C. solution of 15 g of trans-2phenylcyclohexylpyruvate in 400 ml of methylene chloride is added, dropwise via syringe, 9.0 g of stannic chloride. The solution is stirred for 10 minutes followed by the addition of 25 ml of allyltrimethylsilane in 15 ml of methylene chloride. The reaction is stirred at -78.degree. C. for 1 hour. Eighteen ml of triethylamine is added and the mixture allowed to warm to room temperature. Twenty-five ml of water and 10 g of diatomaceous earth is added and the mixture filtered through a pad of diatomaceous earth. The organic layer is washed with water, dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography (silica gel, 10% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to give 16 g of trans-2-phenylcyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pentenoate.
A stream of ozone is passed through a solution of 5.0 g of trans-2-phenylcyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pentenoate in 150 ml of methylene chloride until a blue color persists. The blue color is discharged with a stream of argon. Two ml of dimethylsulfide is added and the solution allowed to warm to room temperature. The solution is concentrated to approximately 75 ml, washed with saturated sodium chloride, dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is diluted with 100 ml of methyl alcohol and successively treated with 3.2 g of sodium acetate, 10 ml of acetic acid and 3.0 g of N,N-dimethyl-2-butyne-1,4-diamine hydrochloride. The resulting reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes. One and one-half grams of sodium cyanoborohydride is added, in portions, over the next 2 hours and the reaction is stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture is concentrated in vacuo, partitioned between methylene chloride and saturated aqueous sodium carbonate, and the layers separated. The organic layer is dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is a mixture of the product and its ring open form 4-[[4-(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]amino]-2-methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester. The oil which is a mixture of the product and its ring open form, 0.030 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 150 ml of ethyl alcohol is heated at reflux temperature for 36 hours. The solution is concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified by chromatography (alumina, 1-5% methyl alcohol/methylene chloride) to give 1.4 g of the desired product as a waxy solid. MP 58.degree.-59.degree. C.
CI-MS: m/z 211 (M+H.sup.+).
EXAMPLE 11
Racemic 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl) 2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone
The title compound is prepared by the procedure of Example 10 up to and including the ozonization procedure with the substitution of the product from Example 6 for the product of Example 7.
CI-MS:m/z 237 (M+H.sup.+).
EXAMPLE 12
(S)-4-(1-Methylethyl)-3-(1-oxo-4-pentenyl)-2-oxazolidinone
To a -78.degree. C. solution of 5.0 g of 4-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxazolidinone in 80 ml of tetrahydrofuran is added, dropwise, 15.5 ml of 2.5M n-butyl lithium in hexane. After stirring for 30 minutes, a solution of 4.8 g of 4-pentenyl chloride in 30 ml of tetrahydrofuran is added, dropwise, and the resulting solution is stirred at -78.degree. C. for 3.5 hours. The reaction is diluted with aqueous ammonium chloride and diethyl ether. The organic layer is washed with water, dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography (silica gel, 25% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to give 5.8 g of the desired product as a pale yellow oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =+79.degree. (methylene chloride)
EXAMPLE 13
(4R-cis)-5-Methyl-3-(1-oxo-4-pentenyl)-4-phenyl-2-oxazolidinone
The title compound is prepared by the procedure of Example 12, using 8.0 g of (4R-cis)-5-methyl-3,4-phenyl-2-oxazolidinone,18 ml of 2.5M n-butyl lithium and 5.0 g of 4-pentenyl chloride to give 10.3 g of the desired product as colorless crystals. MP 69.degree.-70.degree. C.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =+34.degree. (methylene chloride).
EXAMPLE 14
[S-(R*,R*)]-4-(1-Methylethyl)-3-(2-methyl-1-oxo-4-pentenyl)-2-oxazolidinone
To a -78.degree. C. solution of 2.0 g of product from Example 12 in 40 ml of tetrahydrofuran is added, dropwise, 7.6 ml of 1.5M lithium diisopropylamide in tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is stirred at -78.degree. C. for 1 hour, 1.8 ml of iodomethane is added and the mixture stirred at -20.degree. C. for 3 hours. The reaction is diluted with aqueous ammonium chloride and methylene chloride. The organic layer is washed with water, dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography (silica gel, 25% ethyl acetate/hexane) to give 1.3 g of the product as colorless crystals. MP 54.degree.-55.degree. C.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =+108.degree. (methylene chloride).
EXAMPLE 15
[4R-[3(R*), 4 alpha,5 alpha]]-5-Methyl-3-2-methyl-1-oxo-4-pentenyl)-4-phenyl-2-oxazolidinone
The title compound is prepared by the procedure of Example 14, using 4.0 g of (4R-cis)-5-methyl-1-3-(-oxo-4-pentenyl)-4-phenyl-2-oxazolidinone, 12.3 ml of 1.5M lithium diisopropylamide and 1.8 ml of iodomethane to give 2.9 g of the desired product as a pale yellow oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-2.degree. (methylene chloride).
EXAMPLE 16
(S)-2-Methyl-4-pentenoic acid phenylmethyl ester
To a 0.degree. C. solution of 5.1 g of benzyl alcohol in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran is added, dropwise, 3.8 ml of 2.5M n-butyl lithium in hexane. To this mixture is added, via cannula, a solution of 3.5 g of [S-(R*,R*)]4-(1-methylethyl)-3-(2-methyl-1-oxo-4-pentenyl)-2-oxazolidinone in 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran. The resulting solution is stirred at 0.degree. C. for 2 hours. The reaction is diluted with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and methylene chloride. The organic layer is washed with water, dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography (silica gel methylene chloride) to give 2.9 g of the desired product as a colorless oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =+3.degree. (methylene chloride).
EXAMPLE 17
(R)-2-Methyl-4-pentenoic acid phenylmethyl ester
The title compound is prepared by the procedure of Example 16 using, 3.5 g of [4R-[3(R*),4 alpha, 5 alpha]]-5-methyl-3-(2-methyl-1-oxo-4-pentenyl)-4-phenyl-1-2-oxazolidinone, 4.2 g of benzyl alcohol and 3.1 ml of 2.5M n-butyl lithium to give 2.4 g of the desired product as a colorless oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-2.degree. (methylene chloride).
EXAMPLE 18
Racemic 2-methyl-4-pentenoic acid phenylmethyl ester
To 1.2 L of ethyl alcohol under an atmosphere of argon is added, in portions, 14.9 g of sodium. After all the sodium is dissolved, 103 ml of diethyl methylmalonate is added and the reaction is stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Fifty-one ml of allyl bromide is added, dropwise, and the resulting solution is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction is concentrated in vacuo and the residue partitioned between water and methylene chloride. The organic layer is dried and concentrated in vacuo to give 77.7 g of methyl 2-propenylpropane dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester.
A mixture of 77.7 g of methyl 2-propenylpropane dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester, 123 g of potassium hydroxide and 625 ml of ethyl alcohol is heated at reflux for 53 hours. The reaction is cooled, concentrated in vacuo and the residue partitioned between water and diethyl ether. The aqueous layer is separated, made acidic with concentrated hydrochloric acid, saturated with solid sodium chloride and extracted with diethyl ether. The combined diethyl ether layers are dried and concentrated in vacuo to give 80 g of methyl 2-propenylpropane dicarboxylic acid as colorless crystals; MP 89.degree.-90.degree. C.
Twenty three grams of methyl 2-propenylpropane dicarboxylic acid is heated in a Kugelrohr apparatus at 170.degree. C. (20 mm/Hg). Sixteen grams of colorless liquid is collected in an ice cooled receiver. Distillation of the liquid gave racemic 2-methyl-4-pentenoic acid as a colorless liquid; bp 115.degree.-125.degree. C. at 20 mm Hg.
To a solution of 25 g of racemic 2-methyl-4-pentenoic acid, 0.3 g of dimethylformamide and 150 ml of methylene chloride is added, dropwise, 48.2 ml of oxalyl chloride. The resulting solution is stirred at room temperature until gas evolution ceases (3 hours). The reaction is concentrated in vacuo, diluted with methylene chloride and reconcentrated in vacuo to give 29.5 g of crude racemic 2-methyl-4-pentenoyl chloride.
To a 0.degree. C. solution of 23.8 g of benzyl alcohol, 0.05 g of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, 18.3 g of pyridine and 250 ml of methylene chloride is added, dropwise, a solution of 29.5 g of racemic 2-methyl-4-pentenoyl chloride in 50 ml of methylene chloride. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, followed by successive washing with 2N hydrochloric acid, saturated sodium bicarbonate and saturated sodium chloride. The organic layer is dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by Kugelrohr distillation to give 35.2 g of the desired product as a colorless oil; bp 70.degree.-75.degree. C. at 0.10 mm Hg.
EXAMPLE 19
Racemic 1-[4-(1-Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
A stream of ozone is passed through a -78.degree. C. solution of 1.0 g of racemic 2-methyl-4-pentenoic acid phenylmethyl ester in 110 ml of methyl alcohol until the blue color persists. The excess ozone is discharged by a stream of oxygen, followed by argon. One gram of zinc dust and 1.0 g of acetic acid is added and the resulting mixture allowed to warm to room temperature; followed by stirring for 1 hour. The excess zinc is removed by filtration and the filtrate is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is extracted with diethyl ether, filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by pad filtration (silica gel, 50% diethyl ether/petroletum ether) to give 1.01 g of racemic 2-methyl-4-oxobutanoic acid phenylmethyl ester.
A solution of racemic 2-methyl-4-oxo-butanoic acid phenylmethyl ester in 5 ml of methyl alcohol is added to a room temperature solution of 3.0 g of N,N-dimethyl-2-butyne-1,4-diamine dihydrochloride, 2.5 g of sodium acetate and 30 ml of methyl alcohol. The resulting solution is stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes. One gram of sodium cyanoborohydride is added, in portions, over 2 hours and the resulting mixture is stirred for 18 hours. The reaction is made acidic with 1.0 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is made basic with sodium hydroxide and extracted with methylene chloride. The organic layer is washed with water, dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography (alumina, activity grade 2.5, 25-100% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to give 5.7 g of the desired product as a pale yellow oil.
CI-MS:m/z 195 (M+H.sup.+).
Following the general procedure of Example 19, the products of Examples 20-22, found in Table IV, are prepared.
TABLE IV__________________________________________________________________________ [alpha].sub.D.sup.26 Starting (methylene chloride)Example Material # Reactant Product or CI-MS: m/z__________________________________________________________________________20 18 4 Racemic 1-[4-(1- 223 (M+H.sup.+) Diethylamino)-2-butynyl]- 3-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone21 16 3 (S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)- -21.degree. 2-butynyl]-3-methyl-2- pyrrolidinone22 17 3 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)- +22.degree. 2-butynyl]-3-methyl-2- pyrrolidinone__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLE 23
(S)-1-(4-Bromo-2-butynyl)-3-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-2-pyrrolidinone
A mixture of 3.0 g of (S)-3-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-1-propargyl-2-pyrrolidine, 0.9 g of paraformaldehyde, 2.5 ml of diethylamine, 3.5 ml of acetic acid and 0.050 g of cuprous chloride is stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes, followed by heating at reflux temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction is cooled, concentrated in vacuo, made basic (pH 10) with ammonium hydroxide and partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The layers are separated, the aqueous layer reextracted and the methylene chloride extracts are combined. The organic solution is dried and concentrated in vacuo with 100 ml of toluene as co-solvent. the residue is purified by chromatography (alumina, activity grade 2.5, 1-5% methyl alcohol/methylene chloride) to give 3.0 g of (S)-1-[4-(diethylamino)-2-butynyl]-3-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsily]oxy]-2-pyrrolidinone as a yellow oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-56 (methylene chloride).
A solution of 2.4 g of (S)-1-[4-diethylamino-2-butynyl]-3-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-2-pyrrolidinone and 0.8 g of cyanogen bromide in 40 ml of diethyl ether is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The solution is washed with 30 ml of 1N hydrochloric acid and saturated sodium bicarbonate, dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography (silica gel, methylene chloride) to give 2.0 g of the desired product as a colorless oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-31.degree. (methylene chloride).
The starting (S)-3-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-1-propargyl-2-pyrrolidinone is prepared by the procedure described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,235.
EXAMPLE 24
(R)-1-(4-Bromo-2-butynyl)-3-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-2-pyrrolidinone
The title compound is prepared by the procedure of Example 23 using 10.7 g of (R)-3-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-1-propargyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 8.7 ml of diethylamine, 3.2 g of paraformaldehyde, 0.10 g of cuprous chloride, 15 ml of lo acetic acid and 100 ml of dioxane. Ten grams of the diamine intermediate is treated with 3.5 g of cyanogen bromide in 150 ml of diethyl ether to give 2.05 g of the desired compound as a yellow oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =+26.degree. (methylene chloride).
The starting (R)-3-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-1-propargyl-2-pyrrolidinone is prepared by the procedure described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,235.
EXAMPLE 25
1-(4-Bromo-2-butynyl-3-methyl)-2-pyrrolidine
To 31.0 g of N,N-diethyl-2-butyne-1,4-diamine dihydrochloride dissolved in 150 ml of methyl alcohol is added 30 ml of acetic acid and 23.8 g of sodium acetate. The resulting suspension is stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes. Ten grams of 2-methyl-4-oxo-butanoic acid phenylmethyl ester (intermediate in Example 19), is added and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes. Three grams of sodium cyanoborohydride is added in portions and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours.
The reaction mixture is concentrated in vacuo, made basic (pH 12) with 5N sodium hydroxide and extracted with methylene chloride. The combined organic layers are dried, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 9.7 g of oil. The oil is purified by chromatography (alumina, activity grade 2.5, 0-75% ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to give 5.9 g of 1-[4-(diethylamino)-2-butynyl]-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone.
CI-MS:m/z 223 (M+H).
A solution of 2.7 g of cyanogen bromide in 50 ml of diethyl ether is added to 5.1 g of 1-[4-(diethylamino)-2-butynyl]-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone dissolved in 50 ml diethyl ether. The reaction is stirred at room temperature for 66 hours. The mixture is washed with 1N hydrochloric acid and saturated sodium bicarbonate, dried, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 7.1 g of a light yellow oil. The oil is purified by chromatography (silica gel, petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to give 3.8 g of the desired product.
CI-MS:m/z 247(M+NH.sub.4.sup.+).
EXAMPLE 26
(S)-3-[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone
A solution of 2.0 g of (S)-1-(4-bromo-2-butynyl)-3-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-2-pyrrolidinone, 1.3 g of imidazole and 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran is stirred at room temperature for 72 hours. The solution is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography (alumina, activity grade 2.5, 2% methyl alcohol/methylene chloride) to give 1.6 g of the desired product as a colorless oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-30.degree. (methylene chloride)
EXAMPLE 27
(S)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone
A solution of 1.6 g of 1-(4-bromo-2-butynyl)-3-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-2-pyrrolidinone in 15 ml of 1N methanolic hydrogen chloride is stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction is concentrated in vacuo, partitioned between methylene chloride and saturated sodium carbonate and the layers are separated. The organic layer is dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography (alumina, activity grade 2.5, 2% methyl alcohol/methylene chloride) to give 0.9 g of the desired product as off-white crystal.
MP 127.degree.-128.degree. C.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-47.degree..(methylene chloride).
Following the general procedure of Examples 26 and 27, the products of Examples 28-33 found in Table V are prepared.
TABLE V__________________________________________________________________________ Starting [alpha].sub.D.sup.26Example Material # Reactant Product (methylene chloride)__________________________________________________________________________28 23 Azetidine (S)-1-[4-(1-Azetidinyl)- -34.degree. 2-butynyl]-3-[[(1,1- dimethylethyl)- dimethylsilyl]oxy]-2- pyrrolidinone29 24 Imidazole (R)-3-[[(1,1- +32.degree. Dimethylethyl)- dimethylsilyl]oxy]-1- [4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2- butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone30 24 Azetidine (R)-1-[4-(1-Azetidinyl)-2- +36.degree. butynyl]-3-[[(1,1-dimethyl- ethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-2- pyrrolidinone31 28 Methanolic (S)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-(1- (not stable) hydrogen azetidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2- chloride pyrrolidinone32 29 Methanolic 1-[4-(1H-Imidazol-1-yl)-2- +39.degree. hydrogen butynyl]-3-hydroxy-2- chloride pyrrolidinone33 30 Methanolic (R)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-(1- (not stable) hydrogen azetidinyl)-2-butynyl]- chloride 2-pyrrolidinone__________________________________________________________________________
Examples 34-49 (Table VI) are prepared according to the procedures described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,937,235. An alternate synthetic pathway to the products in Examples 34-49 can be achieved using the process described in Examples 23 and 24.
TABLE VI__________________________________________________________________________ Starting [alpha].sub.D.sup.26 orExample Material # Reactant Product CI-MS: m/z__________________________________________________________________________34 23 Dimethylamine (S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)- -37.degree. (mc) 2-butynyl]-3-[[(1,1- dimethylethyl)- dimethylsilyl]oxy]- 2-pyrrolidinone35 24 Dimethylamine (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)- ND 2-butynyl]-3-[[(1,1- dimethylethyl)dimethyl- silyl]oxy]-2-pyrro- lidinone36 34 Methanolic (S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2- -71.degree. (mc) hydrogen butynyl]-3-hydroxy-2- chloride pyrrolidinone37 35 Methanolic (R)-1-[4-Dimethylamino)-2- +69.degree. (mc) hydrogen butynyl-3-hydroxy-2- chloride pyrrolidinone38 23 Pyrrolidine (S)-3-[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)- -35.degree. (mc) dimethylsily]0xy]-1-[4-(1- pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone39 24 Pyrrolidine (R)-3-[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)- ND dimethylsilyl]oxy]-1-[4-(1- pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone40 23 Methanolic (S)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4- -63.degree. (ma) hydrogen (1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- chloride butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone41 24 Methanolic (R)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4- +60.degree. (ma) hydrogen (1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- chloride butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone42 23 Methyl- (S)-3-[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)di- ND aminoethanol methylsilyl]oxy]-1-[4-[(2- (intermediate) hydroxyethyl)methylamino]-2- butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone43 42 Methanolic (S)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4- -38.degree. (ma) hydrogen [(2-hydroxyethyl) chloride methylamino]-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone44 24 Methylamino (S)-3-[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)di- ND butanol methylsilyl]oxy]-1-[4-[(4- (intermediate) hydroxybutyl)methylamino]-2- butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone45 44 Methanolic (R)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4- +33.degree. (ma) hydrogen [(4-hydroxybutyl)methylamino]- chloride 2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone46 25 Imidazole Racemic 1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1- 218 (M+H.sup.+) yl)-2-butynyl]-3-methyl-2- pyrrolidinone47 25 Azetidine Racemic 1-[4-(1- 207 (M+H.sup.+) azetidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- methyl-2-pyrrolidinone48 25 (S)-3[[(1,1- [R-[(R*,R* and R*,S*)]]- 365 (M+H.sup.+) Dimethyl- 1-[4-[2-[[[(1,1-dimethyl- ethyl)di- ethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy] methylsilyl]- methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2- oxy]methyl]- butynyl]-3-methyl-2-pyrro- 1-pyrroli- lidinone dinone49 25 (S)-3-[[(1,1- [R-(R*,R* and R*,S*)]-1- -2.degree. (mc) dimethylethyl)- [4-[3[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)- 351 (M+H.sup.+) dimethylsilyl]- dimethylsilyl]oxy]-1-pyrro- 1-pyrrolidine lidinyl-2-butynyl]-3-methyl-2- carboxylic acid pyrrolidinone phenyl methyl ester__________________________________________________________________________ ND = Not done (mc) = Rotation done in methylene chloride (ma) = Rotation done in methyl alcohol
EXAMPLE 50
(S)-2-[[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid phenylmethyl ester
To a 0.degree. C. solution of 25 g of (S)-2-pyrrolidinemethanol in 150 ml of diethyl ether is added 54.8 g of benzyl chloroformate. At mid point of addition, 49.4 ml of 5N sodium hydroxide is added, simultaneously, and the reaction stirred at 0.degree. C. for 2 hours. Diethyl ether is added, the layers are separated and the aqueous layer reextracted with diethyl ether. The combined organic layers are dried, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography (silica gel, 0-10% methyl alcohol/methylene chloride) to give 59.1 g of (S)-2-hydroxymethyl-1-pyrrolidine carboxylic acid phenylmethyl ester.
A solution 58.0 g of (S)-2-hydroxymethyl-1-pyrrolidine carboxylic acid phenylmethyl ester, 45.0 g of (1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilylchloride, 69 ml of triethylamine, 1.50 g of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine and 450 ml of methylene chloride is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The resulting solution is washed with water, 2N hydrochloric acid, saturated sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride. The organic layer is dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue, dissolved in methylene chloride, is filtered through a silica gel pad and concentrated in vacuo to give 76.5 g of the desired product as a colorless oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-46 (methylene chloride).
EXAMPLE 51
(R)-2-[[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinecaboxylic acid phenylmethyl ester
The title compound is prepared by the procedure of Example 50 using 20.0 g of (R)-2-pyrrolidinemethanol, 44.0 g of benzyl chloroformate and 200 ml of diethyl ether to give 56.4 g of (R)-2-hydroxymethyl-1-pyrrolidine carboxylic acid phenyl methyl ester. Forty-five g of (R)-2-hydroxymethyl-1-pyrrolidine carboxylic acid phenylmethyl ester is reacted with 38.4 g of (1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilylchloride, 58 ml of triethylamine, 1.3 g of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine and 450 ml of methylene chloride to give 41.5 g of the desired product as a colorless oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =+45.degree. (methylene chloride).
EXAMPLE 52
(S)-3-(Acetoxy)-1-(2-propynyl)-2-pyrrolidinone
A solution of 4.3 g of (S)-3-hydroxy-1-(2-propynyl)-2-pyrrolidinone, 10.6 ml of acetic anhydride, 0.6 ml of pyridine, 0.1 g of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine and 85 ml of methylene chloride is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. Twenty-five ml of methyl alcohol is added and the reaction stirred for 20 minutes. The mixture is washed with 1N hydrochloric acid and saturated sodium bicarbonate. The organic layer is dried, passed thorough a pad of hydrous magnesium silicate and concentrated in vacuo to give 4.9 g of the desired product as a pale yellow oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =+60.degree. (methylene chloride).
EXAMPLE 53
(R)-3-(Acetoxy)-1-(2-propynyl)-2-pyrrolidinone
The title compound is prepared by the procedure of Example 52 using 19.6 g of (R)-3-hydroxy-1-(2-propynyl)-2-pyrrolidinone, 26.6 ml of acetic anhydride, 17 ml of pyridine, 0.6 g of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine and 200 ml of methylene chloride to give 23.4 g of the desired product as a pale yellow oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =+59.degree. (methylene chloride).
EXAMPLE 54
[R-(R*,S*)]-3-(Acetoxy)-1-[4-[2-[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-1]-2-pyrrolidinone
A mixture of 7.3 g of (S)-3[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidine carboxylic acid phenylmethyl ester, 0.40 g of 10% palladium on carbon and 225 ml of ethyl alcohol is hydrogenated in a Parr apparatus at room temperature under atmospheric pressure. The catalyst is removed by filtration, the filtrate is diluted with 100 ml of toluene and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is treated with 2.4 g of product from Example 53, 0.65 g of paraformaldehyde, 0.38 g of cuprous chloride, 1.8 ml of acetic acid and 75 ml of dioxane. The resulting mixture is heated at reflux temperature for 45 minutes, cooled, made basic with ammonium hydroxide and extracted with methylene chloride. The organic layer is washed with water, dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography (alumina, activity grade 2.5, 1% methyl alcohol/methylene chloride) to give 3.6 g of the desired product as an orange/red oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-4.degree. (methyl alcohol)
Following the general procedure for Example 54, the products of Examples 55-61, found in Table VII, are prepared.
TABLE VII__________________________________________________________________________ Starting [alpha].sub.D.sup.26Example Material # Reactant Product (methyl alcohol)__________________________________________________________________________55 52 50 [S-(R*,R*)]-3-(Acetyloxy)-1- -56.degree. [4-[2-[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)- dimethylsilyl]oxy]methyl]- 1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone56 52 51 [S-(R*,S*)]-3-(Acetyloxy)-1- -4.degree. [4-(2-[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl) dimethylsilyl]oxy]methyl]- 1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone57 53 51 [R-(R*,R*)]-3-Acetyloxy)-1- +53.degree. [4-[2-[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)- dimethylsilyl]oxy]methyl]- 1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone58 52 2- (S)-3-(Acetyloxy)-1-[4-[2- -45.degree. (Methylamino) (hydroxyethyl)methylamino]-2- ethanol butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone59 53 2- (R)-3-(Acetyloxy)-1-[4-[2- +45.degree. (Methylamino) (hydroxyethyl)methylamino]-2- ethanol butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone60 52 2- (S)-3-(Acetyloxy)-1-[4-[(4-hydroxy- -43.degree. (Methylamino) butyl)methylamino]-2-butynyl]-2- butanol pyrrolidinone61 53 2- (R)-3-(Acetyloxy)-1-[4-[(4-hydroxy- +43.degree. (Methylamino) butyl)methylamino]-2-butynyl]-2- butanol pyrrolidinone__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLE 62
[R-(R*,S*)]-1-[4-[2-[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-3-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidone
A solution of 0.90 g of product from Example 54, 1.4 g of potassium carbonate and 25 ml of methyl alcohol is stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. The solution is passed through a pad of diatomaceous earth and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography (alumina, activity grade 2.5, 10% methyl alcohol/methylene chloride) to give 0.42 g of the desired product as a red/orange oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-15.degree. (methyl alcohol).
Following the general procedure of Example 62, the products of Examples 63-69, found in Table VIII, are prepared.
TABLE VIII__________________________________________________________________________ Starting [alpha].sub.D.sup.26Example Material # Reactant Product (methyl alcohol)__________________________________________________________________________63 55 Potassium [S-(R*,R*)]-1-[4-[2-[[[(1,1- -59.degree. carbonate Dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]- oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]- 2-butynyl]-3-hydroxy-2- pyrrolidinone64 56 Potassium [S-(R*,S*)]-1-[4-[2-[[[(1,1- +7.degree. carbonate Dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]- oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]- 2-butynyl]-3-hydroxy-2- pyrrolidinone65 57 Potassium [R-(R*,R*)]-1-[4-[2-[[[(1,1- +46.degree. carbonate Dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]- oxy]methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]- 2-butynyl]-3-hydroxy-2- pyrrolidinone.sup. 66.sup.a 58 Potassium (S)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-[(2-hydroxy- -38.degree. carbonate ethyl)methylamino]-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone67 59 Potassium (R)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-[(2-hydroxy- +36.degree. carbonate ethyl)methylamino]-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone68 60 Potassium (S)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-[(4- -35.degree. carbonate hydroxybutyl)methylamino]-2- butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone.sup. 69.sup.b 61 Potassium (R)-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-[(4- +33.degree. carbonate hydroxybutyl)methylamino]-2- butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.a Same product as Example 43. .sup.b Same product as Example 45.
EXAMPLE 70
[S-(R*,S*)]-3-Hydroxy-1-[4-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone
A solution of 1.62 g of product from Example 64, 35 ml of,methyl alcohol and 2.1 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid is stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. The solution is concentrated in vacuo and the residue is partitioned between 10N sodium hydroxide and methylene chloride. The organic layer is dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by pad filtration (alumina, 10% methyl alcohol/methylene chloride) to give 0.910 g of the desired product as a viscous yellow oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =+2.degree. (methyl alcohol).
Following the general procedure of Example 70, the products of Examples 71 & 72, found in Table IX, are prepared.
TABLE IX__________________________________________________________________________ StartingExample Material # Reactant Product [alpha].sub.D.sup.26__________________________________________________________________________71 63 Hydrochloric [S-(R*,R*)]-3-Hydroxy-1- -73.degree. acid [4-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1- (methyl alcohol) pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone72 62 Hydrochloric [R-(R*,S*)]-3-Hydroxy-1- ND acid [4-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl]-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone__________________________________________________________________________ ND = Not done
EXAMPLE 73
(S)-3-(Methylthio)-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone
A solution of 1.2 g of (S)-3-thio-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone in 100 ml of methylene chloride is added to a stirred suspension of 31 g of activated silica gel in 100 ml of methylene chloride. The mixture is stirred for 15 minutes to ensure absorption of the thiol on the silica gel. Two hundred and twenty ml of 0.4M diethyl ether solution of diazomethane is added in portions over 30 minutes. The solution is filtered and the silica gel washed thoroughly with methyl alcohol. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified by chromatography (alumina, activity grade 2.5, 1% methyl alcohol/methylene chloride) to give 0.275 g of the desired product as a red/orange oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-49.degree. (methyl alcohol).
Following the general procedure of Example 73, the products of Examples 74-77, found in Table X, are prepared.
TABLE X__________________________________________________________________________ Starting [alpha].sub.D.sup.26Example Material # Reactant Product (methyl alcohol)__________________________________________________________________________74 (R)-3-Thio-1- Diazomethane (R)-3-(Methylthio)-1-[4-(1- +40.degree. [4-(1- pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinyl)- pyrrolidinone 2-butynyl-2- pyrrolidinone75 (S)-3-Thio-1- Diazomethane (S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)- -53.degree. [4-(1-dimethyl- 2-butynyl]-3-(methylthio)- amino)-2- 2-pyrrolidinone butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone76 (R)-3-Thio-1- Diazomethane (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)- +45.degree. [4-(1-dimethyl- 2-butynyl]-3-(methylthio)- amino)-2- 2-pyrrolidinone butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone77 75 Methyl (S)-N,N, N-Trimethyl-4-[3- +31.degree. iodide (methylthio)-2-oxo1- pyrrolidinyl]-2-butyn-1- aminium iodide__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLE 78
(S)-3-Azido-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone
A solution of 0.75 ml of methanesulfonyl chloride in 5 ml of methylene chloride is added, dropwise, to a 0.degree. C. solution of 1.0 g of product from Example 46, 1.5 ml of triethylamine and 25 ml of methylene chloride. The mixture is stirred at 0.degree. C. for 1 1/2hours. The reaction is diluted with methylene chloride and saturated sodium carbonate. The organic layer is washed with saturated sodium chloride, dried, diluted with toluene and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting 1.2 g of the methanesulfonate is used without further purification.
A solution of 1.2 g of the methanesulfonate, 1.4 g of sodium azide and 25 ml of methyl alcohol is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours; followed by heating at reflux temperature for 1.5 hours. The reaction is cooled, diluted with diethyl ether and filtered through a pad of diatomaceous earth. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and the residue partitioned between water and methylene chloride. The organic layer is dried, concentrated in vacuo, and the residue is purified by chromatography (alumina; activity grade 2.5, 1% methyl alcohol/methylene chloride) to give 0.88 g of the desired product as a pale yellow oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-175.degree.
EXAMPLE 79
(S)-3-Amino-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone dihydrochloride
A mixture of 0.70 g of product from Example 78, 9.5 g of zinc dust and 10 ml of acetic acid is stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours. The reaction is filtered, the zinc is washed with methylene chloride and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo. The residue is partitioned between methylene chloride and 6 ml of ammonium hydroxide. The organic layer is dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is dissolved in 1N methanolic hydrogen chloride and diluted with diethyl ether. The resulting precipitate is collected and recrystallized from ethyl alcohol/diethyl ether to give 0.24 g of the desired product as colorless crystals.
MP 224.degree.-226.degree. C.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-29.degree. (methyl alcohol).
Following the general procedure of Example 79, the products of Examples 80-87, found in Table XI, are prepared.
TABLE XI__________________________________________________________________________ Starting MP .degree.C. or [alpha].sub.D.sup.26Example Material # Reactant Product (methyl alcohol)__________________________________________________________________________80 (R)-3-Hydroxy-1- Sodium (R)-3-Azido-1-[4-(1- +190.degree. [4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- azide pyrrolidinyl)- 2-butynyl]-2- 2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone pyrrolidinone81 (S)-3-Hydroxy-1- Sodium (S)-3-Azido-1-[4- -188.degree. [4-(1-dimethyl- azide (dimethylamino)-2- amino)-2-butynyl]- butynyl]-2-pyrro- 2-pyrrolidinone lidinone82 (R)-3-Hydroxy-1- Sodium (R)-3-Azido-1-[4- +185.degree. [4-(1-dimethyl- azide (dimethylamino)-2- amino)-2-butynyl]- butynyl]-2-pyrro- 2-pyrrolidinone lidinone83 81 Methyl (S)-4-(3-Azido-2-oxo- -122.degree. iodide 1-pyrrolidinyl)-N,N, N-trimethyl-2-butyn-1- aminium iodide84 82 Methyl (R)-4-(3-Azido-2-oxo- +103.degree. iodide 1-pyrrolidinyl)-N,N, N-trimethyl-2-butyn-1- aminium iodide85 80 Zinc/ (R)-3-Amino-1-[4-(1- -30.degree. acetic pyrrolidinyl)-2- acid butynyl]-2-pyrro- lidinone dihydro- chloride86 81 Zinc/ (S)-3-Amino-1-[4- -33.degree. acetic (dimethylamino)-2- acid butynyl]-2-pyrro- lidinone dihydro- chloride87 82 Zinc/ (R)-3-Amino-1-[4- +32.degree. acetic (dimethylamino)-2- acid butynyl]-2-pyrro- lidinone dihydro- chloride__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLE 88
(S)-2-Methylpropanoic acid 1-[4-(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester
A solution of 0.84 g of isobutyryl chloride in 15 ml of methylene chloride is added, dropwise, to a 0.degree. C. solution of 1.4 g of (S)-3-hydroxy-1-[4-(1-dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone, 3 ml of triethylamine, 0.10 g of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine and 25 ml methylene chloride. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. Two ml of methyl alcohol is added and the methylene chloride solution is washed with 1N hydrochloric acid and saturated sodium carbonate, dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography (alumina, activity grade 2.5, 1% methyl alcohol/methylene chloride) to give 1.65 g of the desired product as a pale yellow oil.
[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.26 =-44.degree. (methylene chloride).
Following the general procedure of Example 88, the products of Examples 89-124, found in Table XII, are prepared.
TABLE XII__________________________________________________________________________ Starting MP .degree.C. or [alpha].sub.D.sup.26Example Material # Reactant Product (methyl alcohol)__________________________________________________________________________89 37 2,2-Dimethyl- (S)-2,2-Dimethylpropanoic -39.degree. propanoyl acid 1-[4-(dimethylamino)- chloride 2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrro- lidinyl ester90 37 Decanoyl (S)-Decanoic acid 1-[4- -36.degree. chloride (dimethylamino)2-butynyl]- 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester91 37 Octyl (S)-Carbonic acid 1-[4- -40.degree. chloro- (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- formate 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl octyl ester92 37 Methyl (S)-Carbonic acid 1-[4- -60.degree. chloro- (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- formate 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl methyl ester93 90 Methyl (S)-N,N, N-Trimethyl-4-[2-oxo- -28.degree. iodide 3-[(1-oxodecyl)oxy]-1-pyrro- lidinyl-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide94 88 Methyl (S)-N,N, N-Trimethyl-4-[3- -35.degree. iodide (2-methyl-1-oxopropoxy)- 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl]- 2-butyn-1-aminium iodide95 89 Methyl (S)-4-[3-(2,2-Dimethyl-1- -33.degree. iodide oxopropoxy)-2-oxo-1-pyrro- lidinyl]-N,N, N-trimethyl- 2-butyn-1-aminium iodide96 91 Methyl (S)-N,N, N-Trimethyl-4-[3- -33.degree. iodide [[(octyloxy)carbonyl]oxy]- 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl]- 2-butyn-1-aminium iodide97 40 Isobutyryl (S)-2-Methylpropanoic acid -42.degree. chloride 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- 2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester98 40 Pivaloyl (S)-2,2-Dimethylpropanoic -37.degree. chloride acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrro- lidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester99 40 Methyl (S)-3-[[Methylamino)car- -39.degree. isocyanate bonyl]oxy]-1-[4-(1-pyrro- lidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone100 40 Dimethyl- (S)-Dimethylcarbamic acid -33.degree. carbamoyl 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- chloride 2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester101 40 Hexyl (S)-Carbonic acid hexyl 2- -43.degree. chloro- oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- formate 2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester102 40 t-Butyl (S)-Carbonic acid 1,1-di- -46.degree. chloro- methylethyl-2-oxo-1-[4- formate (1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]- 3-pyrrolidinyl ester103 40 Methyl (S)-Carbonic acid methyl 2- -56.degree. chloro- oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- formate butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester104 36 Isobutyryl (R)-Porpanoic acid 2- +44.degree. chloride methyl-1-[4-(dimethyl- amino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo- 3-pyrrolidinyl ester105 36 Pivaloyl (R)-2,2-Dimethylpropanoic +38.degree. chloride acid 1-[4-(dimethylamino)- 2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrro- lidinyl ester106 36 Decanoyl (R)-Decanoic acid 1-[4- +35.degree. chloride (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester107 36 Decanoyl (R)-Octylcarbamic acid 1-[4- +28.degree. chloride (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- 2-oxo-2-pyrrolidinyl ester108 36 Methyl (R)-Carbonic acid 1-[4- +61.degree. chloro- (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- formate 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl methyl ester monohydrochloride109 36 Octyl (R)-Carbonic acid 1-[4- +36.degree. chloro- (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- formate 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl octyl ester110 104 Methyl (R)-N,N, N-Trimethyl-4-[3-(2- +35.degree. iodide methyl-1-oxopropoxy)-2-oxo- MP 128-130.degree. 1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butyn-1 aminium iodide111 105 Methyl (R)-3-[3-(2,2-Dimethyl-1- +32.degree. iodide oxopropoxy)-2-oxo-1-pyrro- MP 160-162.degree. lidinyl]-N,N, N-trimethyl- 2-butyn-1-aminium iodide112 106 Methyl (R)-4-[2-Oxo-3-[(1-oxodecyl)- +28.degree. iodide oxy]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-N,N, N- MP 103-105.degree. trimethyl-2-butyn-1-aminium iodide113 107 Methyl (R)-N,N, N-Trimethyl-4-[3- +34.degree. iodide [[(octylamino)carbonyl]oxy]- 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-butyn- 1-aminium iodide114 109 Methyl (R)-N,N, N-Trimethyl-4-[3- +34.degree. iodide [[(octyloxy)carbonyl]oxy]- 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2- butyn-1-aminium iodide115 41 Isobutyryl (R)-2-Methylpropanoic acid +42.degree. chloride 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- 2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester116 41 Pivaloyl (R)-2,2-Dimethylpropanoic +37.degree. chloride acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrro- lidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester117 41 Decanoyl (R)-Decanoic acid 2-oxo-1- +35.degree. chloride [4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]- 3-pyrrolidinyl ester118 41 Benzyl (R)-Carbonic acid 2-oxo-1- +38.degree. chloro- [4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- formate butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl phenylmethyl ester119 41 Octyl (R)-Octylcarbamic acid 2- +28.degree. isocyanate oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- MP 47-49.degree. 2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester120 41 Octyl (R)-Carbonic acid octyl 2- +39.degree. chloro- oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- formate butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester121 41 Methyl (R)-Carbonic acid methyl 2- +56.degree. chloro- oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- formate butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester122 (S)-4-Hydroxy- Decanoyl (S)-Decanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- -36.degree. 1-[4-(1- chloride (1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-4- pyrrolidinyl)- pyrrolidinyl ester 2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone123 (S)-4-Hydroxy- Methyl (S)-Carbonic acid methyl -5.degree. 1-[4-(1-pyrro- chloro- 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrro- lidinyl)-2- form- lidinyl)-2-butynyl]-4-pyrro- butynyl]-2- ate lidinyl ester pyrrolidinone124 (S)-4-Hydroxy- Octyl (S)-Octylcarbamic acid +6.degree. 1-[4-(1-pyrro- iso- 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- lidinyl)-2- cyan- 2-butynyl]-4-pyrrolidinyl butynyl-2- ate ester pyrrolidinone__________________________________________________________________________
Following the general procedure of Example 88, the Examples 125-Example 163, found in Table XIII, are prepared.
TABLE XIII__________________________________________________________________________ Starting Optical Material Procedure RotationExample Example of [.alpha.].sub.25.degree..sup.DNo. No. Reagent Example # Name of Product (MeOH)__________________________________________________________________________125 36 Butyryl 88 (S)-Butanoic acid 1-[4- -45.degree. chloride (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester126 36 Hexanoyl 88 (S)-Hexanoic acid 1-[4- -42.degree. chloride (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester127 36 Octanoyl 88 (S)-Octanoic acid 1-[4- -34.degree. chloride (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester128 36 Ethyl 88 (S)-Ethylcarbamic acid 1-[4- -35.degree. isocyanate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester129 36 Butyl 88 (S)-Butylcarbamic acid 1-[4- -26.degree. isocyanate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester130 36 Hexyl 88 (S)-Hexylcarbamic acid 1-[4- -31.degree. isocyanate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester131 36 Octyl 88 (S)-Octylcarbamic acid 1-[4- -19.degree. isocyanate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester132 36 Ethyl 88 (S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- -55.degree. chloro- 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acid formate ethyl ester133 36 Butyl 88 (S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- -52.degree. chloro- 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acid formate butyl ester134 36 Hexyl 88 (S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- -46.degree. chloro- 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acid formate hexyl ester135 37 Butyrl 88 (R)-Butanoic acid 1-[4- +47.degree. chloride (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester136 37 Hexanoyl 88 (R)-Hexanoic acid 1-[4- +41.degree. chloride (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester137 37 Octanoyl 88 (R)-Octanoic acid 1-[4- +40.degree. chloride (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester138 37 Ethyl 88 (R)-Ethylcarbamic acid 1-[4- +33.degree. isocyanate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester139 37 Butyl 88 (R)-Butylcarbamic acid 1-[4- +36.degree. isocyanate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester140 37 Hexyl 88 (R)-Hexylcarbamic acid 1-[4- +27.degree. isocyanate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester141 37 Ethyl 88 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- +57.degree. chloro- 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acid formate ethyl ester142 37 Butyl 88 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- +53.degree. Chloro- 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acid formate butyl ester143 37 Hexyl 88 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- +45.degree. chloro- 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acid formate hexyl ester144 40 Butyryl 88 (S)-Butanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- -43.degree. chloride pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester145 40 Hexanoyl 88 (S)-Hexanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- -39.degree. chloride pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester146 40 Octanoyl 88 (S)-Octanoic acid 1-[4-(1- -37.degree. chloride pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester147 40 Decanoyl 88 (S)-Decanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- -36.degree. chloride pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester148 40 Ethyl 88 (S)-Ethylcarbamic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- -30.degree. isocyanate pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester149 40 Butyl 88 (S)-Butylcarbamic acid 1-2-oxo-[4-(1- -29.degree. isocyanate pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester150 40 Hexyl 88 (S)-Hexylcarbamic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- -26.degree. isocyanate pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester151 40 Octyl 88 (S)-Octylcarbamic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- -27.degree. isocyanate pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester152 40 Ethyl 88 (S)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- -52.sup. chloro- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acid formate ethyl ester153 40 Butyl 88 (S)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- -48.degree. chloro- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acid formate butyl ester154 40 Octyl 88 (S)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- -40.degree. chloro- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acid formate octyl ester155 41 Butyrl 88 (R)-Butanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- +40.degree. chloride pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester156 41 Hexanoyl 88 (R)-Hexanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- +41.degree. chloride pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester157 41 Octanoyl 88 (R)-Octanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- +40.degree. chloride pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester158 41 Ethyl 88 (R)-Ethylcarbamic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- +30.degree. isocyanate pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester159 41 Butyl 88 (R)-Butylcarbamic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- +27.degree. isocyanate pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester160 41 Hexyl 88 (R)-Hexylcarbamic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- +28.degree. isocyanate pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester161 41 Ethyl 88 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- +52.degree. chloro- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acid formate ethyl ester162 41 Butyl 88 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- +45.degree. chloro- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acid formate butyl ester163 41 Hexyl 88 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- +41.degree. chloro- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl carbonic acid formate hexyl ester__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLE 164
(R)-3-(Dimethylamino)-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone
Following the procedure of Example 78, a solution of 0.5 g of the methanesulfonate of the product from Example 40 and 0.5 g (excess) dimethylamine in 25 ml of methylene chloride is stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction is concentrated at reduced pressure and the residue is purified by column chromatography (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Activity Grade 2.5: methylene chloride to 1-5% (v/v) gradient methylene chloride/methanol) to give the product.
EXAMPLE 165
(S)-3-(Dimethylamino)-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone
A solution of 0.5 g of the product from Example 79 , 0.2 g of paraformaldehyde (excess) and 1 ml of acetic acid in 10 ml of methanol is stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes. Portionwise, 0.5 g of sodium cyanoborohydride, is added over 30 minutes. The resulting mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and concentrated at reduced pressure. The residue is basified with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate and extracted with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride solution is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated at reduced pressure. The residue is purified by column chromatography (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Activity Grade 2.5; methylene chloride to 1-5% (v/v) gradient methylene chloride/methanol) to give the product.
EXAMPLE 166
(R)N-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl]acetamide
A solution of 0.2 g of acetyl chloride in 5 ml of methylene chloride is added, dropwise, to a stirring 0.degree. C. solution of 0.5 g of the product from Example 85 and 0.3 g of triethylamine in 10 ml of methylene chloride. The solution is allowed to warm to room temperature and is stirred overnight. The reaction is washed with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated at reduce temperature to dryness. The residue is purified by column chromatography (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Activity Grade 2.5: methylene chloride to 1-5% (v/v) gradient methylene chloride/methanol) to give the product.
EXAMPLE 167
Cyclopentanecarbonyl chloride
A solution of 1.0 g of oxalyl chloride in 15 ml of methylene chloride is added, dropwise, to a 0.degree. C. solution of 0.5 g of cyclopentane carboxylic acid in 15 ml of methylene chloride. The solution is allowed to warm to room temperature and is stirred for 6 hours. The solution is concentrated at reduced pressure, rediluted with 25 ml of methylene chloride and reconcentrated to give the corresponding acid chloride of cyclopentane carboxylic acid.
EXAMPLE 168
(R) N-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl]cyclopentanecarboxamide
A solution of the product from Example 167 in 15 ml of methylene chloride is added, dropwise, to a 0.degree. C. solution of 0.5 g of the product from,Example 85 and 0.3 g of triethylamine in 10 ml of methylene chloride. The solution is allowed to warm to room temperature and is stirred overnight. The reaction is washed with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated at reduced pressure to dryness. The residue is purified by column chromatography (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Activity Grade 2.5: methylene chloride to 1-5% (v/v) gradient methylene chloride/methanol) to give the produce.
The following Examples 169-184, found in Table XIV, are prepared in an analogous manner. In the following examples: Reagent B, a carboxylic acid, is reacted by Procedure C, the resulting acid chloride intermediate is then reacted with the starting material A following the procedure C' to give product D. For example, in Example 169, cyclopentylacetic acid is reacted by the procedure of Example 167. The intermediate formed, cyclopentylcarbonyl chloride, is reacted with the starting material from Example 41 using the procedure of Example 168 to give the desired product.
TABLE XIV__________________________________________________________________________ Starting Material ProcedureExample Example Reagent of Example Name of ProductNo No. (A) (B) (C) (C') (D)__________________________________________________________________________169 41 cyclopentyl- 167, 168 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acetic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl cyclopentyl- acetamide170 41 cyclohexyl- 167, 168 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acetic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl cyclohexyl- acetamide171 41 3-tetrahydro- 167, 168 Tetrahydro-N-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1- furoic acid pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl]-3-furancarboxamide172 40 [(S)- 167, 168 [S-(R*, R*)]-1-Methyl-N-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1- 1-methyl- pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyroline] pyrrolidinyl]-2-pyrrolidine-carboxamide173 41 4-Cyano- 166 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- benzoyl butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl-4-cyanobenzamide174 41 2-Bromophenyl 167, 168 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acetic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl 2-bromophenyl- acetamide175 41 4-Methoxy- 167, 168 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- phenyl acetic butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl 4- acid methoxyphenyl-acetamide176 41 2-Furoyl 166 (R)-N-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- chloride butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl 2-furan- carboxamide177 41 nicotinyl 166 (R)-N-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- chloride butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl 3-pyridine- carboxamide178 41 isonicotinyl 166 (R)-N-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- chloride butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl 4-pyridine- carboxamide179 41 3-thiophene 167, 168 (R)-N-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- carboxylic butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl 3-thiophene- acid carboxamide,180 41 2-thiophene- 167, 168 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acetic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl 2-thiophene- acetamide181 41 3-thiophene- 167, 168 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acetic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl 3-thiophene- acetamide182 41 1-methyl- 167, 168 (R)-1-Methyl-N-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1- imidazole-4- pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl acetic acid 1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide183 41 4-pyridine- 167, 168 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acetic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl 4-pyridine- acetamide184 41 3-pyridine- 167, 168 (R)-N-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acetic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl 3-pyridine- acetamide__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLE 185
Cyclopentyl chloroformate
A solution of 0.543 g of cyclopentyl alcohol in 15 ml of methylene chloride is added to a 0.degree. C. solution of 1.0 ml of a 10% toluene solution of phosgene in toluene in 10 ml of methylene chloride. The reaction is allowed to warm to room temperature and is stirred for 3 hours. The reaction is concentrated at reduced pressure, diluted with 15 ml of toluene and reconcentrated to dryness to give the product.
EXAMPLE 186
(R) [2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl]carbamic acid, cyclopentylmethyl ester
Following the procedure of Example 168 and using the products from Examples 85 and Example 185 the titled product is prepared.
The following Examples 187-198, found in Table XV, are prepared in an analogous manner.
TABLE XV__________________________________________________________________________ Starting Prodedure Material ofExample Example ExampleNo No Reagent No Name of Product__________________________________________________________________________187 41 cycloheptane 185, 186 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(pyrrolidinyl)-2- methanol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylcarbamic acid188 41 cyclohexane 185, 186 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(pyrrolidinyl)-2- methanol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylcarbamic acid cyclohexylmethyl ester189 41 tetrahydro-4H- 185, 186 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- pyran-4-ol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylcarbamic acid tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl ester190 41 tetrahydro-3- 185, 186 2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- furanemethanol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylcarbamic acid (tetrahydro-3-furanyl)methyl ester191 41 4-methoxyphenyl 88, 91 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(pyrrolidinyl)-2- chloroformate butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl-carbamic acid 4-methoxyphenyl ester192 41 benzyl 88, 91 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(pyrrolidinyl)-2- chloroformate butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylcarbamic acid phenylmethyl ester193 41 4-chlorobenzyl 88, 91 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- chloroformate butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylcarbamic acid (4-chlorophenyl)methyl ester194 41 2- 185, 186 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- thiophenemethanol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylcarbamic acid 3-thienylmethyl ester195 41 2-(2-thienyl) 185, 186 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(pyrrolidinyl)-2- ethanol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl carbamic acid 2-(2-thienyl)ethyl ester196 41 2-(3-thienyl) 185, 186 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- ethanol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylcarbamic acid 2- (3-thienyl)ethyl ester197 41 2-(2-pyridyl) 185, 186 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- ethanol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylcarbamic acid 2-(2-pyridinyl)ethyl ester198 41 2-(6-methyl-2- 185, 186 (R)-2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- pyridyl)ethanol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinylcarbamic acid 2-(6-methyl-2-pyridinyl)ethyl__________________________________________________________________________ ester
EXAMPLE 199
(R)-1-(2-propynyl)-3-(methoxymethoxy)-2-pyrrolidinone
A solution of 1.0 g of chloromethyl methyl ether in 15 ml of methylene chloride is added dropwise to a solution of 1.5 g of (R)-3-hydroxy-1-(2-propynyl)-2-pyrrolidione, prepared by the procedure of Example 1, U.S. Pat. No. 5,089,518, and 1.5 g of ethyldiisopropylamine in 15 ml of methylene chloride which is stirred in an ice bath. The reaction is allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred overnight. The solution was washed with water, aqueous sodium bicarbonate and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The methylene chloride solution is concentrated at reduced pressure and purified by column chromatography (silica gel: mehylene chloride) to give the product.
EXAMPLE 200
(R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-3-(methoxymethoxy)-2-pyrrolidinone
A solution of 2.2 g of product from 199, 0.93 g of dimethylamine, 0.8 g of paraformaldehyde, 1.0 g of acetic acid, 0.050 g of cuprous chloride in 50 ml of dioxane is stirred at room temperature for two days. The mixture is cooled and concentrated at reduced pressure. The residue is basified with ammonium hydroxide and extracted with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride solution is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated at reduced pressure to dryness. The residue is purified (Alumina, Activity Grade 2.5: ethyl acetate/hexane 1:1 (v/v)) to give the product.
The following Examples 201-209, found in Table XVI, are prepared in an analogous manner.
TABLE XVI__________________________________________________________________________ Starting MaterialExample Example Procedure ofNo. No. Reagent Example # Name of Product__________________________________________________________________________201 37 chloromethyl 199, 200 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- ethyl ether 3-(ethoxymethoxy)-2-pyrrolidinone202 37 chloromethyl 199, 200 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- isobutyl ether 3-[(2-methoylpropoxy)methoxy]-2- pyrrolidinone203 37 chloromethyl 199, 200 (R)-3-(Butoxymethoxy)-1-[4- butyl ether (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone204 37 chloromethyl 199, 200 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- octyl ether 3-(octyloxymethoxy)-2-pyrrolidinone205 37 trimethylsilyl- 199, 200 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- ethoxy methyl- 3-[[2-(trimethylsily)- chloride ethoxy]methoxy]-2-pyrrolidinone206 37 alpha, 4- 199, 200 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]- dichloroanisole 3-[(4-chlorophenoxy)methoxy]-2- pyrrolidinone207 37 benzyl chloro- 199, 200 (R)-1-[4-(1-Dimethylamino)-2- methyl ether butynyl]-3-[(phenylmethoxy)methoxy]- 2-pyrrolidinone208 37 chloromethyl 199, 200 (R)-2,2-Dimethylpropanoic acid, [[1- pivalate [4-(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo- 3-pyrrolidinyl]oxy]methyl ester209 37 chloromethyl 199, 200 (R)-3-[(Benzoyloxy)methoxy]-1-[4- benzoate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2- pyrrolidinone__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLE 210
Cyclopentanecarbonyl chloride
A solution of 1.0 g of oxalylchloride in 15 ml of methylene chloride is added dropwise to a 0.degree. C. solution of 0.5 g of cyclopentane carboxylic acid in 15 ml of methylene chloride. The solution is allowed to warm to room temperature and is stirred for 6 hours. The solution is concentrated at reduced pressure, rediluted with 25 ml of methylene chloride and reconcentrated to give the product.
EXAMPLE 211
(S)-Cyclopentanecarboxylic acid 2-oxo-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinyl ester
A solution of cyclopentanecarbonyl chloride from Example 210 in 15 ml of methylene chloride is added dropwise to a 0.degree. C. solution of 0.5 g of produce from Example 85, 86 or 87 and 0.3 g of triethylamine in 10 ml of methylene chloride. The solution is allowed to warm to room temperature and is stirred overnight. The reaction is washed with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated at reduced pressure to dryness. The residue is purified by column chromatography (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Activity Grade 2.5: methylene chloride to 1-5% (v/v) gradient methylene chloride/methanol) to give the product.
The following Examples 212-250, found in Table XVII, are prepared in an analogous manner.
TABLE XVII__________________________________________________________________________ Procedure Starting ofExample Material ExampleNo. No. Reagent No. Name of Product__________________________________________________________________________212 40 cyclobutane 210, 211 (S)-Cyclobutanecarboxylic acid 2-oxo-1- carboxylic acid [4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl-3- pyrrolidinyl ester213 40 cyclopentane 210, 211 (S)-Cylopentanecarboxylic acid 2-oxo-1- carboxylic acid [4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester214 40 N-methyl-L- 210, 211 [(S)(R*,R*)]-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl- proline carboxylic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester215 40 3- 210, 211 (S)-3-tetrahydrofuroic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- tetrahydrofuroic (1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- acid pyrrolidinyl ester216 37 naphthoyl 88 (S)-Naphthoic acid 1-[4-(dimethylamino)- chloride 2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester217 36 4-biphenyl 88 (S)-4-Biphenylcarboxylic acid 1-[4- carbonyl chloride (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester218 36 benzoyl 88 (S)-Benzoic acid 1-[4-(dimethylamino)-2- chloride butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester219 36 2-fluorobenzoyl 88 (S)-2-Fluorobenzoic acid 1-[4- chloride (dimetylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester220 36 3-chlorobenzoyl 88 (S)-3-Chlorobenzoic acid 1-[4- chloride (dimetylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester221 36 4-bromobenzoyl 88 (S)-4-Bromobenzoic acid 1-[4- chloride (dimetylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester222 36 2-Iodobenzoyl 88 (S)-2-Iodobenzoic acid 1-[4- chloride (dimetylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester223 36 3-cyanobenzoyl 88 (S)-3-Cyanobenzoic acid 1-[4- chloride (dimetylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester224 36 4-nitrobenzoyl 88 (S)-4-Nitrobenzoic acid 1-[4- chloride (dimetylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester225 36 p-anisoyl 88 (S)-4-Methoxybenzoic acid 1-[4- chloride (dimetylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester226 40 4-fluorophenyl 167, 88 (S)-4-Fluorophenylacetic acid 2-oxo-1- acetic acid [4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester227 40 4-methoxyphenyl 167, 88 (S)-4-Methoxyphenylacetic acid 2-oxo-1- acetic acid [4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester228 40 iso-nicotinoyl 88 (S)-3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid 2-oxo-1- chloride [4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester229 40 2-furoyl chloride 88 (S)-2-Furancarboxylic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- (1-pyrrolidiyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester230 40 5-methyl-2- 210, 211 (S)-5-Methyl-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid pyrazine 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]- carboxylic acid 3-pyrrolidinyl ester231 40 nicotinoyl 88 (S)-3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 2-oxo-1- chloride [4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester232 40 2-pyridylacetic 210, 211 (S)-2-PYridylacetic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- acid pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester233 40 1-methyl-2- 210, 211 (S)-1-Methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic pyrroleacetic acid, 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester234 40 2-thiopheneacetic 210, 211 (S)-2-Thiopheneacetic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- acid (1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester235 40 3-thiopheneacetic 210, 211 (S)-3-Thiopheneacetic acid 2-oxo-1-[4- acid (1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl ester236 40 1-methyl- 210, 211 (S)-1-Methyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylic imidazole-4- acid, 2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acetic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester237 40 4-pyridylacetic 210, 211 (S)-4-Pyridylacetic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- acid pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester238 40 3-pyridylacetic 210, 211 (S)-3-Pyridylacetic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- acid pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester239 40 butyryl chloride 88 (S)-Butanoic acid 2-oxo-1-[4-(1- pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester240 37 cyclopentyl 88 (R)-Cyclopentylcarbonic acid 1-[4- chloroformate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester241 37 cyclohexyl 88 (R)-Cyclohexylcarbonic acid 1-[4- chloroformate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester242 37 cyclopentane- 185, 88 (R) Cyclopentylmethylcarbonic acid, 1- methanol [4-(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester243 37 tetrahydro-4H- 185, 88 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2- pyran-4-ol oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl ester244 37 tetrahydro-3- 185, 88 1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- furanemethanol pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid, (tetrahydro- 3-furanyl)methyl ester245 37 4-bromophenyl 88 (R)-4-Bromophenyl-1-[4-(dimethylamino)- chloroformate 2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid ester246 37 benzyl 88 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2- chloroformate oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid phenylmethyl ester247 37 2-thiophene 185, 88 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2- methanol oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid, 2-thienylmethyl ester248 37 2-(2-thienyl) 185, 88 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2- ethanol oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid, 2-(2- thienyl)ethyl ester249 37 2-(3-thienyl) 185, 88 (R)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2- ethanol oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid, 2-(2- thienyl)ethyl ester250 36 2-(3-thienyl) 185, ,88 (S)-1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2- ethanol oxo-3-pyrrolidinylcarbonic acid, 2-(2- thienyl)ethyl ester__________________________________________________________________________
The following Examples 251-252, found in Table XVIII, are prepared by the procedure of Example 88 and 119.
TABLE XVIII__________________________________________________________________________ Procedure Starting ofExample Material ExampleNo. No. Reagent No. Name of Product__________________________________________________________________________251 36 cyclopentyl 88 119 (S)-Cyclopentylcarbamic acid 1-[4- isocyanate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester252 36 cyclohexyl 88 119 (S)-Cyclohexylcarbamic acid 1-[4- isocyanate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLE 253
3-Cyclopentylpropionyl chloride
A solution of 1.0 g of oxalyl chloride in 15 ml of methylene chloride is added dropwise to a 0.degree. C. solution of 0.65 g of 3-cyclopentylpropionic acid in 15 ml of methylene chloride. The solution is allowed to warm to room temperature and is stirred for 6 hours. The solution is concentrated at reduced pressure, rediluted with 25 ml of methylene chloride and reconcentrated to give 3-cyclopentylpropionyl chloride.
EXAMPLE 254
2-Cyclopentylethyl isocyanate
The procedure is an adaptation of procedure in Org. Syn. Col. Vol II, p 846, Col. VI, p 95. A solution of 0.65 g of 3-cyclopentylpropionyl chloride (Example 253) in 10 ml of acetone is added dropwise to a 0.degree. C. solution of 0.46 g of sodium azide in 5 ml of water When the addition is complete, stirring is continued for 1 hour. The mixture is extracted wink toluene, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered. The toluene solution is added dropwise to 25 ml of toluene which is heated at reflux temperature. When the addition is complete, the reaction is refluxed until nitrogen evolution has ceased (ca 1 hour). The reaction is cooled and the resulting toluene solution of the corresponding isocyanate is then used a% in Example 124, 119, 99, and all new examples.
The following Examples 255-269, found in Table XIX, are prepared by the procedure of Example 88 and 119.
TABLE XIX__________________________________________________________________________ Starting Procedure Material ofExample Example ExmapleNo. No. Reagent No. Name of Product__________________________________________________________________________255 36 tetrahydro-3- 253, 254, Tetrahydro-3-furanylcarbamic acid, 1- furoic acid 88 [4-dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester256 36 1-methyl-L- 253, 254, [S-(R*,R*)] (1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)- pyroline 88 carbamic acid, 1-[4-(dimethylamino)-2- butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester257 36 3-chlorophenyl 88 (S)-3-Chlorophenylcarbamic acid, 1-[4- isocyanate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester258 36 benzyl isocyanate 88 (S)-Phenylmethylcarbamic acid, 1-[4- (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester259 36 phenethyl 88 (S)-(2-Phenylethyl)carbamic acid, 1-[4- isocyanate (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester260 36 3-thiophene 253, 254, (S)-3-Thienylcarbamic acid, 1-[4- carboxylic acid 88 (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester261 36 3-thiopheneacetic 253, 254, (S)-3-Thienylmethylcarbamic acid 1-[4- acid 88 (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester262 36 2-thiopheneacetic 253, 254, (S)-2-Thienylmethylcarbamic acid 1-[4- acid 88 (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester263 36 dimethyl 88 (S)-Dimethylcarbamic acid 1-[4- carbamoyl (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- chloride pyrrolidinyl ester264 36 diethyl carbamoyl 88 (S)-Diethylcarbamic acid 1-[4- chloride (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester265 36 N-methyl-N-phenyl 88 (S)-N-Methyl-N-phenylcarbamic acid 1-[4- carbamoyl (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- chloride pyrrolidinyl ester266 36 1-pyrrolidine 88 (S)-1-Pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid 1-[4- carbonyl chloride (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester267 36 4-morpholine 88 (S)-4-Morpholinecarboxylic acid 1-[4- carbonyl chloride (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- pyrrolidinyl ester268 36 diphenyl 88 (S)-Diphenylcarbamic acid 1-[4- carbamoyl (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- chloride pyrrolidinyl ester269 37 dibenzyl 88 (S)-Bis(phenylmethyl)carbamic acid 1-[4- carbamoyl (dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3- chloride pyrrolidinyl ester__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLE 270
(S)-S-[1-[4-Dimethylamino)-2-butynyl]-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl]-cyclopentylmethylthioic acid ester
A solution of product from Example 167 in 15 ml of methylene chloride is added dropwise to a 0.degree. C. solution of 0.5 g of product from Example 68, prepared according to U.S. Pat. No. 5,089,518, and 0.3 g of triethylamine in 10 ml of methylene chloride. The solution is allowed to warm to room temperature and is stirred overnight. The reaction is washed with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated at reduced pressure to dryness. The residue is purified by column chromatography (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Activity Grade 2.5: methylene chloride to 1-5% (v/v) methylene chloride/methanol) to give the product.
The following Examples 271-299 found in Table XX, are prepared in an analogous manner.
TABLE XX__________________________________________________________________________ Starting Material ProcedureExample Example of ExampleNo. No. Reagent No. Name of Product__________________________________________________________________________271 41 cyclobutane 167, 270 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- carboxylic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] cyclobutanecarbothioic acid ester272 41 cyclopentane 167, 270 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- carboxylic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] cyclopentanecarbothioic acid ester273 40 N-methyl-L-proline 167, 270 [(S)(R*,R*)]-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1- pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl] 1-methyl-2- pyrrolidinylcarbothioic acid ester274 41 tetrahydro-3- 167, 270 S-Tetrahydro-3-furancarbothioic acid furoic acid [2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl ester275 41 p-anisic acid 167, 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] 4-methoxy- phenylcarbothioic acid ester276 40 p-anisoyl chloride 88 (S)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] 4- methoxyphenylcarbothioic acid ester277 41 4-fluorophenyl 167, 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acetic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] 4- fluorophenylethanethioic acid ester278 41 4-methoxyphenyl 167, 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acetic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] 4-methoxy- phenylethanethioic acid ester279 41 2-furoyl chloride 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] 2-furane- carbothioic acid ester280 41 5-methyl-2- 167, 88 (R)-5-Methylpyrazinecarbothioic acid, pyrazine S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- carboxylic acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester281 41 2-pyridylacetic 167, 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] pyridine-2- ethanethioic thioic acid ester282 41 1-methyl-2- 167, 88 (R)-1-Methyl-1H-pyrrole-2- pyrroleacetic acid ethanethioic acid, S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1- pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl] ester,283 41 2-thiopheneacetic 167, 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] thiophene-2- ethanethioic acid ester284 41 3-thiopheneacetic 167, 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] thiophene-3- ethanethioic acid ester285 41 4-pyridineacetic 167, 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] pyridine-4- ethanethioic acid ester286 41 3-pyridineacetic 167, 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- acid butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] pyridine-3- ethanethioic acid ester287 41 cyclopentyl 88 (R)-O-Cyclopentylcarbonothioic acid, chloroformate S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidiinyl] ester288 41 cyclohexyl 88 (R)-O-Cyclopentylcarbonothioic acid, chloroformate S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester289 41 cyclopentane- 185, 88 (R)-O-Cyclopentylmethylcarbonothioic methanol acid, S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- 2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester290 41 tetrahydro-4H- 185, 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- pyran-4-ol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl]carbonothioic acid, O-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) ester291 41 tetrahydro-3- 185, 88 S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- furanemethanol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl]carbonothioic acid, O-(tetrahydro-3-furanyl)methyl ester292 41 4-bromophenyl 88 (R)-O-(4-Bromophenyl)carbonothioic chloroformate acid, S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- 2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester293 41 benzyl 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- chloroformate butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl]carbonothioic acid, O-(phenylmethyl) ester294 41 2-thiophene 185,88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- methanol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl]carbonothioic acid, O-(2-thienyl)methyl ester295 41 2-(2-thienyl) 185, 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- ethanol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl]carbonothioic acid, O-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl] ester296 41 3-(3-thienyl) 185, 88 (R)-S-[2-Oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- ethanol butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl]carbonothioic acid, O-[2-(3-thienyl)ethyl] ester297 41 cyclopentyl 88 (R)-Cyclopentylcarbamothioic acid, isocyanate S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester298 41 cyclohexyl 88 (R)-Cyclohexylcarbamothioic acid, S- isocyanate [2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester299 41 tetrahydrofuroic 253, 254, 88 (Tetrahydro-3-furanyl)carbamothioic acid acid, S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- 2-butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester__________________________________________________________________________
The following Examples 300-312, found in Table XXI, are prepared by the procedures listed.
TABLE XXI__________________________________________________________________________ StartingStarting Material ProcedureMaterial Example ofNo. No. Reagent Example # Name of Product__________________________________________________________________________300 41 p-anisoyl 254, 88 (R)-4-Methoxyphenylcarbamothioic acid, chloride S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester301 41 benzyl 88 (R)-2-Phenylmethylcarbamothioic acid, S- isocyanate [2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]- 3-pyrrolidinyl] ester302 41 phenethyl 88 (R)-2-Phenylethylcarbamothioic acid, S- isocyanate [2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]- 3-pyrrolidinyl] ester303 41 3-thiophene 253, 254, (R)-3-Thienylcarbamothioic acid, S-[2- carboxylic acid 88 oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl] ester304 41 3-thiopheneacetic 253, 254, (R)-3-Thienylethanethioic acid, S-[2- acid 88 oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl] ester305 41 2-thiopheneacetic 253, 254, (R)-3-Thienylethanecarbamothioic acid, acid 88 S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- butynyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester306 41 dimethyl 88 (R)-N,N-Dimethylcarbamothioic acid, S- carbamoyl [2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl- chloride 3-pyrrolidinyl] ester307 41 diethyl carbamoyl 88 (R)-N,N-Diethylaminocarbamothioic acid, chloride S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- butynyl-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester308 41 N-methyl-N-phenyl 88 (R)-N-Methyl-N-phenylcarbamothioic acid, carbamoyl S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- chloride butynyl-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester309 41 1-pyrrolidine 88 (R)-1-Pyrrolidinecarbothioic acid, S- carbonyl chloride [2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl- 3-pyrrolidinyl] ester310 41 4-morpholine 88 (R)-4-Morpholinecarbothioic acid, S-[2- carbonyl chloride oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl] ester311 41 diphenyl 88 (R)-N,N-Diphenylcarbamothioic acid, S- carbamoyl [2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl- chloride 3-pyrrolidinyl] ester312 41 dibenzylcarbamoyl 88 (R)-N,N-Bis(phenylmethyl)carbamothioic chloride acid, S-[2-oxo-1-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2- butynyl-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester__________________________________________________________________________
The following Examples 313-317, found in Table XXII, are prepared by the procedures listed.
TABLE XXII__________________________________________________________________________ Starting Material ProcedureExample Example of Example M.P.No. No. Reagent # Name of Product .degree.C.__________________________________________________________________________313 Example 1 Ethyl 88 (R)-Ethylcarbamic acid, 2-oxo-1-(2- 85-87 U.S. Pat. isocyanate propynyl)-3-pyrrolidinyl ester 5,089,518314 Example 1 Ethyl 88 (S)-Ethylcarbamic acid, 2-oxo-1-(2- 87-89 U.S. Pat. isocyanate propynyl)-3-pyrrolidinyl ester 5,089,518315 Example 1 Butyl 88 (S)-Butylcarbamic acid, 2-oxo-1-(2- 51-53 U.S. Pat. isocyanate propynyl)-3-pyrrolidinyl ester 5,089,518316 Example 1 Ethyl 88 (S)-Hexylcarbamic acid, 2-oxo-1-(2- 64-66 U.S. Pat. isocyanate propynyl)-3-pyrrolidinyl ester 5,089,518317 Example 1 Ethyl 88 (R)-Octylcarbamic acid, 2-oxo-1- 70-72 U.S. Pat. isocyanate (2-propynyl)-3-pyrrolidinyl ester 5,089,518__________________________________________________________________________
EXAMPLE 318
(R)-Ethylcarbamic acid 1-[4-(dimethylamino)-2-butynyl-2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester
A solution of 2.2 g the product from Example 319, 0.93 g of dimethylamine, 0.8 g of paraformaldehyde, 1.85 g of acetic acid 0.050 g of cuprous chloride in 50 ml, of dioxane is heated at reflux temperature for 45 min. The mixture is cooled and concentrated at reduced pressure. The residue is basified with ammonium hydroxide and extracted with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride solution is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated at reduced pressure to dryness. The residue is purified (Alumina, Activity Grade 2.5: ethyl acetate/hexane 1:1 (v/v)) to give the product as in Example 138.
The following Examples 319-320, found in Table XXIII, are prepared by the procedures listed.
TABLE XXIII__________________________________________________________________________ Starting Material ProcedureExample Example ofNo. No. Reagent Example # Name of Product__________________________________________________________________________319 313 2-(Methylamino) 88 (R)-Ethylcarbamic acid, 1-[4-[(2- ethanol hydroxyethyl)methylamino]-2-butynyl]- 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester320 313 4-(Methylamino)- 88 (R)-Ethylcarbamic acid, 1-[4-[(4- 1-butanol hydroxyethyl)methylamino]-2-butynyl]- 2-oxo-3-pyrrolidinyl ester__________________________________________________________________________

Number	Name	Date
3920824	Rajadhyaksha	Nov 1975
4065471	Dickinson	Dec 1977
4833139	Martin	May 1989
4937235	Trybulski	Jun 1990

Number	Date	Country
9001026	Feb 1990	WOX
9004588	May 1990	WOX

	Number	Date	Country
Parent	392436	Feb 1995
Parent	690749	Apr 1991

Substituted oxotremorine derivatives

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