The present disclosure relates to hydraulic fracturing of subterranean formations. In particular, the present disclosure relates to orienting piping connected to a fracturing pump so that connections in the piping are provided where the piping is oblique to a horizontal axis of the pump.
Hydraulic fracturing is a technique used to stimulate production from some hydrocarbon producing wells. The technique usually involves injecting fluid into a wellbore at a pressure sufficient to generate fissures in the formation surrounding the wellbore. Typically the pressurized fluid is injected into a portion of the wellbore that is pressure isolated from the remaining length of the wellbore so that fracturing is limited to a designated portion of the formation. The fracturing fluid slurry, whose primary component is usually water, includes proppant (such as sand or ceramic) that migrate into the fractures with the fracturing fluid slurry and remain to prop open the fractures after pressure is no longer applied to the wellbore. A primary fluid for the slurry other than water, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, foam, diesel, or other fluids may be used as the primary component instead of water. A typical hydraulic fracturing fleet may include an data van unit, blender unit, hydration unit, chemical additive unit, hydraulic fracturing pump unit, sand equipment, wireline, and other equipment.
Traditionally, the fracturing fluid slurry has been pressurized on surface by high pressure pumps powered by diesel engines. To produce the pressures required for hydraulic fracturing, the pumps and associated engines have substantial volume and mass. Heavy duty trailers, skids, or trucks are required for transporting the large and heavy pumps and engines to sites where wellbores are being fractured. Each hydraulic fracturing pump usually includes power and end fluid ends, as well as seats, valves, springs, and keepers internally. Each pump is usually equipped with a water manifold (referred to as a fluid end) which contains seats, valves, and keepers internally. These parts allow the pump to draw in low pressure fluid (approximately 100 psi) and discharge the same fluid at high pressures (up to 15,000 psi or more). Traditional diesel powered hydraulic fracturing pump units only have one diesel engine, one transmission, and one hydraulic fracturing pump per unit. Recently electrical motors have been introduced to replace the diesel motors, which greatly reduces the emissions and noise generated by the equipment during operation. Because the pumps are generally transported on trailers, connections between segments of pump suction and discharge piping are generally made up in the field. Moreover, the segments having these connections extend horizontally or vertically, and which are difficult connections for operations personnel to handle. Prior turbine powered hydraulic fracturing units with two hydraulic pumps on each unit had one supply line that fed both pumps. Also the discharge lines from both hydraulic fracturing pumps were combined into one discharge line while the unit.
Disclosed herein is an example of a hydraulic fracturing system for fracturing a subterranean formation, and which includes a trailer having wheels, an electrically powered fracturing pump mounted on the trailer, a supply line having fracturing fluid, and a hard piped suction lead line. In another embodiment, the trailer is replaced by any platform such as a skid or a truck. Suction lead line is made up of a main segment connected to a suction inlet on the electrically powered pump and a tip segment that is angled obliquely to a portion of the main segment proximate the tip segment, an end of the tip segment is connected to an end of the main segment distal from the suction inlet, and the tip segment further having an end distal from the main segment that is connected to an end of the supply line. In one example, the pump, supply line, suction lead line, main segment, and tip segment each respectively make up a first pump, a first supply line, a first suction lead, a first main segment, and a first tip segment, this example of the hydraulic fracturing system further includes a second pump, a second supply line, a second suction lead, a second main segment, and a second tip segment, and wherein the second tip segment is angled with respect to the first tip segment. In one example, the tip segment is angled from about 22 degrees to about 45 degrees with respect to a portion of the main segment proximate the tip segment; and can optionally be angled at about 22 degrees with respect to a portion of the main segment proximate the tip segment. In one alternative, the first tip segment is angled at about 22 degrees with respect to a portion of the first main segment proximate the first tip segment, and the second tip segment is angled at about 45 degrees with respect to a portion of the second main segment proximate the second tip segment. The supply line can be a flexible line made from an elastomeric material. In one alternate embodiment, the tip segment extends away from the main segment in a direction that projects towards a surface on which the trailer is supported. In one embodiment, the supply line for a first pump is separate and distinct from the supply line for a second pump while on the unit. Boost pressure for both the first and second hydraulic fracturing pumps may come from the same blender. The system can further include a hard piped discharge lead line which is made up of a main segment connected to a discharge on the electrically powered pump, and a tip segment that is angled obliquely to a portion of the main segment proximate the tip segment, and having an end connected to an end of the main segment distal from the discharge, and further having an end distal from the main segment that is connected to an end of a discharge line. In one embodiment, the tip segment for the discharge line is parallel with a horizontal plane and is not angled down. In an alternative where the pump, discharge line, discharge lead line, main segment, and tip segment each respectively are a first pump, a first discharge line, a first discharge lead, a first main segment, and a first tip segment, and the hydraulic fracturing system further includes a second pump, a second discharge line, a second discharge lead, a second main segment, and a second tip segment, the second tip segment is angled with respect to the first tip segment. In this example, the tip segment is angled from about 22 degrees to about 45 degrees with respect to a portion of the main segment proximate the tip segment. Optionally, the first tip segment is angled at about 22 degrees with respect to a portion of the first main segment proximate the first tip segment, and wherein the second tip segment is angled at about 45 degrees with respect to a portion of the second main segment proximate the second tip segment. In one embodiment, the tip segment for the discharge line for the first pump is parallel with a horizontal plane and is not angled down. The tip segment for the discharge line for the first pump is offset from the discharge line for the second pump.
Another example of a hydraulic fracturing system for fracturing a subterranean formation includes an electrically powered fracturing pump mounted on a mobile platform, a lead line in fluid communication with the pump and having a tip portion that is oriented along an axis that is oblique to a horizontal axis, and a flow line connected to the tip portion and that is in fluid communication with the lead line. In one example, the axis along which the tip portion is oriented is a first axis, and wherein an angle is defined between the first axis and the horizontal axis that ranges from around 22 degrees to around 45 degrees. The pump, lead line, axis, and flow line each respectively can be referred to as a first pump, a first lead line, a first tip portion, a first axis, and a first flow line, and in this example the hydraulic fracturing system further includes a second pump, a second lead line, a second tip portion, and a second flow line, and wherein the second tip portion extends along a second axis that is oblique with the first axis and the horizontal axis. In this example, the first axis can be an at angle of around 22 degrees with respect to the horizontal axis, and wherein the second axis can be at an angle of around 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal axis. The lead line can optionally be a suction lead line, and the flow line can be a supply line, in this example the hydraulic fracturing system further includes a discharge lead line having a tip portion and a discharge line, and wherein the tip portion of the discharge lead line extends along another axis that is oblique to the horizontal axis. In one embodiment, the discharge lead line and tip portion are parallel with the horizontal axis of the platform and are not angled. In this example, the supply line contains fracturing fluid from a blender, and wherein the discharge line contains fracturing fluid pressurized by the pump.
Another example of a hydraulic fracturing system for fracturing a subterranean formation includes a trailer, a first electrically powered pump mounted on the trailer and having a suction lead line with an end connected to a supply line and that is angled in a range of from around 22 degrees to around 45 degrees with respect to a horizontal axis, and having a discharge lead line with an end connected to a discharge line that is angled in a range of from around 22 degrees to around 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal axis, and a second electrically powered pump mounted on the trailer and having a suction lead line with an end connected to a supply line and that is angled in a range of from around 22 degrees to around 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal axis, and having a discharge lead line with an end connected to a discharge line that is angled in a range of from around 22 degrees to around 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal axis. In one embodiment, the discharge line is not angled and is parallel with the horizontal axis of the trailer.
Some of the features and benefits of the present invention having been stated, others will become apparent as the description proceeds when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
While the invention will be described in connection with the preferred embodiments, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to that embodiment. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents, as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
The method and system of the present disclosure will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which embodiments are shown. The method and system of the present disclosure may be in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the illustrated embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey its scope to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. In an embodiment, usage of the term “about” includes +/−5% of the cited magnitude. In an embodiment, usage of the term “substantially” includes +/−5% of the cited magnitude.
It is to be further understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the exact details of construction, operation, exact materials, or embodiments shown and described, as modifications and equivalents will be apparent to one skilled in the art. In the drawings and specification, there have been disclosed illustrative embodiments and, although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for the purpose of limitation.
An example of a turbine 44 is provided in the example of
Suction lead lines 86, 88 of
In one non-limiting example, axis AX1 is at an angle θ1 of around 22° with respect to horizontal axis AX. Optionally, axis AX2 is at an angle θ2 of around 45° with respect to horizontal axis AX. An additional advantage is realized by offsetting the angles of the adjacent tip segments 108, 110 as not only can personnel realize the advantage of the non-horizontal orientation of these tip segments 108, 110 when attaching or moving the supply lines 90, 92, but angularly offsetting the adjacent tip segments 108, 110 reduces interference of operation between these two tip segments 108, 110. It should be pointed out, however, that the axes AX1, AX2 along which the tip segments 108, 110 are oriented can range between around 22° and up to around 45° from the horizontal axis AX. Additionally, the offset angles between axes AX1, AX2 and horizontal axis AX can be less than 22°. In
Further shown in
Further shown in the example of
The present invention described herein, therefore, is well adapted to carry out the objects and attain the ends and advantages mentioned, as well as others inherent therein. While a presently preferred embodiment of the invention has been given for purposes of disclosure, numerous changes exist in the details of procedures for accomplishing the desired results. These and other similar modifications will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, and are intended to be encompassed within the spirit of the present invention disclosed herein and the scope of the appended claims.
This application is a continuation of, and claims priority to and the benefit of, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/156,301, filed May 3, 2015 and is a continuation-in-part of, and claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/679,689, filed Nov. 16, 2012, the full disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein for all purposes.
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