Sulfonylcarboxamide derivatives, process for their preparation and their use as pharmaceuticals

The invention relates to sulfonylcarboxamide derivatives and their physiologically acceptable salts and physiologically functional derivatives and to their use for preparing medicines for the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerotic disorders.

Sulfonylcarboxamides have already been described In Chemical Abstracts 96, 142393m (1982).

In DE 2145686, 2-chloro-5-sulfamylbenzoic acid derivatives have already been described as lipid-lowering agents.

The invention is based on the object of providing further compounds which have a therapeutically utilizable hypolipidemic action. In this context, the object was, in particular, also to provide compounds having an increased hypolipidemic action compared to the 2-chloro-5-sulfamylbenzoic acid derivatives from DE 2145686.

Accordingly, the invention relates to compounds of the formula I

in which

X, R1, R2, R3 are, independently of one another, NR6R7, (CH

2

)-pyridyl, (CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, where n can be 0-6 and the phenyl radical can be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, CF

3

, NH

2

, CN, OCF

3

, O—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, S—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, COO(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, COO(C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, CONH

2

, CONH(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl, CON[(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl]

2

;

(C

1

-C

8

)-alkyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, 2-oxopiperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, it being possible for each of the rings to be substituted by phenyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-phenyl, —OH, (C

1

-C

8

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-OH, O-phenyl, S-phenyl, (CO)-(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (CO)-phenyl, where the phenyl substituent is unsubstituted or substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, OH, CF

3

, CN, OCF

3

, O—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, S—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, SO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, SO

2

—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, COOH, COO(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl, COO(C

3

-C

6

)cycloalkyl, CONH

2

, CONH(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl, CON[(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl]

2

, CONH(C

3

-C

6

)cycloalkyl, NH

2

, NH—CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, NH—CO-phenyl;

R6 and R7 are, independently of one another, H, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-OH, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-NH

2

, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-O—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, O—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-NH—C(O)—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-NH—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-N-[(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl]

2

, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-di-phenyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-O-phenyl, CHO, CO-phenyl,

(CH

2

)

n

—Ar, where n can be 0-6, and Ar can be equal to phenyl, biphenylyl, 1- or 2-naphthyl, 1- or 2-tetrahydrofuranyl, 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, 2- or 3-thienyl, 2- or 3-furyl, 2-, 4- or 5-thiazolyl, 2-, 4- or 5-oxazolyl, 1-pyrazolyl, 3-, 4- or 5-isoxazolyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, oxopyridyl, 2- or 3-pyrrolyl, 2- or 3-pyridazinyl, 2-, 4- or 5-pyrimidinyl, 2-pyrazinyl, 2-(1,3,5-triazinyl), 2-, 3- or 4-morpholinyl, 2- or 5-benzimidazolyl, 2-benzothiazolyl, 1,2,4-triazol-3-yl, 1,2,4-triazol-5-yl, tetrazol-5-yl, indol-3-yl, indol-5-yl or N-methylimidazol-2-, -4- or -5-yl and Ar can be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, OH, CF

3

, NO

2

, CN, OCF

3

, O—CH

2

—O, O—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, S—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, SO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, SO

2

—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, COOH, COO(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl, COO(C

3

-C

6

)cycloalkyl, CONH

2

, CONH(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl, CON[(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl]

2

, CONH(C

3

-C

6

)cycloalkyl, NH

2

, NH—CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, NH—CO-phenyl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, morpholin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, piperazin-1-yl, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, (CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, O—(CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, S—(CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, SO

2

—(CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, where n=0-3;

and their physiologically acceptable salts.

Preference is given to compounds of the formula I in which one or more radical(s) is/are as defined below:

R1, R2 are, independently of one another, NR6R7, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydropyridyl, it being possible for each of the rings to be substituted by phenyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-phenyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-OH, O-phenyl, S-phenyl, (CO)—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (CO)-phenyl, where the phenyl substituent is unsubstituted or substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, CF

3

, CN, OCF

3

, O—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, S—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, COOH, COO(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, COO(C

3

-C

6

)cycloalkyl, CONH

2

, CONH(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl, CON[(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl]

2

, NH

2

, NH—CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, NH—CO-phenyl;

R6, R7 are, independently of one another, H, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-O—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-NH—C(O)—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-NH—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-N-[(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl]

2

, (CH

2

)

n

—Ar, where n can be 0-6 and Ar can be equal to phenyl, biphenylyl, 1- or 2-naphthyl, 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, 2- or 3-thienyl, 2-, 4- or 5-thiazolyl, 2-, 4- or 5-oxazolyl, 3- or 5-isoxazolyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, 2-, 4- or 5-pyrimidinyl, 2-, 3- or 4-morpholinyl, 2- or 5-benzimidazolyl, 2-benzothiazolyl or indol-3-yl, indol-5-yl and Ar can be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, OH, CF

3

, NO

2

, CN, OCF

3

, O—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, S—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, SO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, SO

2

—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, COOH, COO(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl, COO(C

3

-C

6

)cycloalkyl, CONH

2

, CONH(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl, NH

2

, NH—CO-phenyl, (CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, O—(CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, S—(CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, where n=0-3;

X, R3 are, independently of one another, NR8R9, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, (C

1

-C

8

)-alkyl, (CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, where n=0-6 and the phenyl radical can be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, CF

3

, CN, OCF

3

, O—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, S—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, COO(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, COO(C

3

-C

6

)cycloalkyl, CONH

2

, CONH(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl, CON[(C

1

-C

6

)alkyl]

2

;

R8, R9 are, independently of one another, H, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, SO

2

-benzyl, SO

2

-benzyl-OCH

3

, (CH

2

)

n

—Ar, where n can be 0-6 and Ar can be equal to phenyl or thienyl and Ar can be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, CF

3

, NO

2

, CN, OCF

3

, O—CH

2

—O, O—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, S—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, SO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, SO

2

—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, NH—CO-phenyl, (CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, O—(CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, S—(CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, SO

2

—(CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, where n=0-2;

and their physiologically acceptable salts.

Particular preference is given to compounds of the formula I in which one or more radical(s) is/are as defined below:

R1, R2 are, independently of one another, NR6R7, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydropyridyl, it being possible for each of the rings to be substituted by phenyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-phenyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (CO)—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl;

R6, R7 are, independently of one another, H, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-NH—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-N-[(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl]

2

, (CH

2

)

n

—Ar, where n can be 0-6 and Ar can be equal to phenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, 2-, 4- or 5-pyrimidinyl, 2-, 3- or 4-morpholinyl and Ar can be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, OH, CF

3

, NO

2

, CN, OCF

3

, O—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, COOH, NH

2

, (CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, where n can be 0-3;

X is NR8R9, piperazinyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, where n can be 0-6;

R3 is NR10R11, piperazinyl;

R8, R9 are, independently of one another, H, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, SO

2

-benzyl, SO

2

-benzyl-OCH

3

, (CH

2

)

n

—Ar, where n can be 0-6 and Ar can be equal to phenyl or thienyl;

R10, R11 are, independently of one another, H, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, SO

2

-benzyl, SO

2

-benzyl-OCH

3

, (CH

2

)

n

—Ar, where n can be 0-6 and Ar can be equal to phenyl or thienyl;

and their physiologically acceptable salts.

Very particular preference is given to compounds of the formula I in which one or more radical(s) is/are as defined below:

R1, R2 are, independently of one another, NR6R7, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydropyridyl, it being possible for each of the rings to be substituted by phenyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-phenyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (CO)—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl;

R6, R7 are, independently of one another, H, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-NH—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-N-[(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl]

2

, (CH

2

)

n

—Ar, where n can be 0-6 and Ar can be equal to phenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, 2-, 4- or 5-pyrimidinyl, 2-, 3- or 4-morpholinyl and Ar can be substituted up to two times by F, Cl, Br, OH, CF

3

, NO

2

, CN, OCF

3

, O—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, COOH, NH

2

, (CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, where n can be 0-3;

X is (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (CH

2

)

n

-phenyl, where n can be 0-6;

R3 is NR10R11, piperazinyl;

R10, R11 are, independently of one another, H, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

3

-C

6

)-cycloalkyl, CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, (C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl-CO—(C

1

-C

6

)-alkyl, SO

2

-benzyl, SO

2

-benzyl-OCH

3

, (CH

2

)

n

—Ar, where n can be 0-6 and Ar can be equal to phenyl or thienyl;

and their physiologically acceptable salts.

The invention relates to compounds of the formula I in the form of their racemates, racemic mixtures and pure enantiomers, and to their diastereomers and mixtures thereof.

The alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl radicals in the substituents X, R1, R2, R3, R6, R7, R8, R10 and R11 may be either straight-chain or branched.

Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are particularly suitable for medical applications because their solubility in water is higher than that of the initial or basic compounds. These salts must have a pharmaceutically acceptable anion or cation. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of compounds of the formula I are salts of inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, phosphoric, metaphosphoric, nitric, sulfonic and sulfuric acids, and organic acids such as, for example, acetic acid, benzenesulfonic, benzoic, citric, ethanesulfonic, fumaric, gluconic, glycolic, isethionic, lactic, lactobionic, maleic, malic, methanesulfonic, succinic, p-toluenesulfonic, tartaric and trifluoroacetic acids. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable basic salts are ammonium salts, alkali metal salts (such as sodium and potassium salts) and alkaline earth metal salts (such as magnesium and calcium salts).

Salts with a pharmaceutically unacceptable anion likewise fall within the scope of the invention as useful intermediates for preparing or purifying pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or for use in nontherapeutic, for example in vitro, applications.

Preference is given to the salts of methanesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, maleic acid and phosphoric acid.

Particular preference is given to the methanesulfonates of the compounds of the formula I.

The invention furthermore relates to physiologically functional derivatives of the compounds of the formula I. The term “physiologically functional derivative” used herein refers to any physiologically tolerated derivative of a compound according to the invention, for example an ester, which is able on administration to a mammal, such as, for example, a human, to form (directly or indirectly) such a compound or an active metabolite thereof.

A further aspect of this invention is the use of prodrugs of the compounds of the formula I. Such prodrugs can be metabolized in vivo to a compound of the formula I. These prodrugs may themselves be active or not.

The compounds of the formula I may also exist in various polymorphous forms, for example as amorphous and crystalline polymorphous forms. All polymorphous forms of the compounds of the formula I lie within the scope of the invention and are a further aspect of the invention.

All references hereinafter to “compound(s) of formula (I)” refer to compound(s) of the formula (I) as described above, and the salts, solvates and physiologically functional derivatives thereof as described herein.

The amount of a compound of formula (I) which is necessary to achieve the desired biological effect depends on a number of factors, for example the specific compound chosen, the intended use, the mode of administration and the clinical condition of the patient. In general, the daily dose is in the range from 0.3 mg to 100 mg (typically from 3 mg to 50 mg) per day and per kilogram of body weight, for example 3-10 mg/kg/day. An intravenous dose may be, for example, in the range from 0.3 mg to 1.0 mg/kg, which can most suitably be administered as infusion of from 10 ng to 100 ng per kilogram and per minute. Suitable infusion solutions for these purposes may contain, for example, from 0.1 ng to 10 mg, typically from 1 ng to 10 mg, per milliliter. Single doses may contain, for example, from 1 mg to 10 g of the active ingredient. It is thus possible for ampoules for injections to contain, for example, from 1 mg to 100 mg, and single-dose formulations which can be administered orally, such as, for example, tablets or capsules, to contain, for example, from 1.0 to 1000 mg, typically from 10 to 600 mg. In the case of pharmaceutically acceptable salts, the aforementioned weight data are based on the weight of the salt of the compound of the formula (I). For the prophylaxis or therapy of the abovementioned conditions, the compounds of formula (I) themselves can be used as the compound, but they are preferably in the form of a pharmaceutical composition with an acceptable carrier. The carrier must, of course, be acceptable in the sense that it is compatible with the other ingredients of the composition and is not hazardous for the patient's health. The carrier may be a solid or a liquid or both and is preferably formulated with the compound as a single dose, for example as a tablet which may contain from 0.05% to 95% by weight of the active ingredient. Further pharmaceutically active substances may likewise be present, including other compounds of formula (I). The pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention can be produced by one of the known pharmaceutical methods which essentially consist in mixing the ingredients with pharmacologically acceptable carriers and/or excipients.

Pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention are those suitable for oral, rectal, topical, peroral (for example sublingual) and parenteral (for example subcutaneous, intramuscular, intradermal or intravenous) administration although the most suitable mode of administration in each individual case depends on the nature and severity of the condition to be treated and on the nature of the compound of formula (I) used in each case. Coated formulations and coated slow-release formulations also lie within the scope of the invention. Formulations resistant to acid and gastric fluid are preferred. Suitable coatings resistant to gastric fluid comprise cellulose acetate phthalate, polyvinyl acetate phthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate and anionic polymers of methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate.

Suitable pharmaceutical compounds for oral administration may be in the form of separate units such as, for example, capsules, cachets, lozenges or tablets, each of which contain a defined amount of the compound of formula (I); as powders or granules; as solution or suspension in an aqueous or nonaqueous liquid; or as an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion. These compositions may, as already mentioned, be prepared by any suitable pharmaceutical method which includes a step in which the active ingredient and the carrier (which may consist of one or more additional ingredients) are brought into contact. In general, the compositions are produced by uniform and homogeneous mixing of the active ingredient with a liquid and/or finely divided solid carrier, after which the product is shaped if necessary. Thus, for example, a tablet can be produced by compressing or molding a powder or granules of the compound, where appropriate with one or more additional ingredients. Compressed tablets can be produced by tableting the compound in free-flowing form, such as, for example, a powder or granules, where appropriate mixed with a binder, lubricant, inert diluent and/or a (plurality of) surface-active/dispersing agent(s) in a suitable machine. Molded tablets can be produced by molding the compound which is in powder form and is moistened with an inert liquid diluent in a suitable machine.

Pharmaceutical compositions suitable for peroral (sublingual) administration comprise lozenges which contain a compound of formula (I) with a flavoring, normally sucrose and gum arabic or tragacanth, and pastilles which comprise the compound in an inert base such as gelatin and glycerol or sucrose and gum arabric.

Suitable pharmaceutical compositions for parenteral administration preferably comprise sterile aqueous preparations of a compound of formula (I), which are preferably isotonic with the blood of the intended recipient. These preparations are preferably administered intravenously, although administration may also take place by subcutaneous, intramuscular or intradermal injection. These preparations can preferably be produced by mixing the compound with water and making the resulting solution sterile and isotonic with blood. Injectable compositions according to the invention generally contain from 0.1 to 5% by weight of the active compound.

Suitable pharmaceutical compositions for rectal administration are preferably in the form of single-dose suppositories. These can be produced by mixing a compound of formula (I) with one or more conventional solid carriers, for example cocoa butter, and shaping the resulting mixture.

Suitable pharmaceutical compositions-for topical application to the skin are preferably in the form of ointment, cream, lotion, paste, spray, aerosol or oil. Carriers which can be used are petrolatum, lanolin, polyethylene glycols, alcohols and combinations of two or more of these substances. The active ingredient is generally present in a concentration of from 0.1 to 15% by weight of the composition, for example from 0.5 to 2%. Transdermal administration is also possible. Suitable pharmaceutical compositions for transdermal uses can be in the form of single plasters which are suitable for long-term close contact with the patient's epidermis. Such plasters suitably contain the active ingredient in an optionally buffered aqueous solution, dissolved and/or dispersed in an adhesive or dispersed in a polymer. A suitable active ingredient concentration is about 1% to 35%, preferably about 3% to 15%. As a particular possibility, the active ingredient can be released as described, for example, in Pharmaceutical Research, 2(6): 318 (1986) by electrotransport or iontophoresis.

The following preparations serve to illustrate the invention without restricting it, however.

EXAMPLE A

Soft gelatin capsules containing 100 mg of active ingredient per capsule:

per capsule

Active ingredient

100 mg

Triglyceride mixture fractionated

400 mg

from coconut fat

Capsule contents

500 mg

EXAMPLE B

Emulsion containing 60 mg of active ingredient per 5 ml:

per 100 ml emulsion

Active ingredient

1.2 g

Neutral oil

q.s.

Sodium carboxymethylcellulose

0.6 g

Polyoxyethylene stearate

q.s.

Glycerol, pure

0.2 to 2.0 g

Flavoring

q.s.

Water (deionized or distilled)

ad 100 ml

EXAMPLE C

Rectal pharmaceutical form containing 40 mg of active ingredient per suppository:

per suppository

Active ingredient

40 mg

Suppository base

ad 2 g

EXAMPLE D

Tablets containing 40 mg of active ingredient per tablet:

per tablet

Active ingredient

40 mg

Lactose

600 mg

Corn starch

300 mg

Soluble starch

20 mg

Magnesium stearate

40 mg

1000 mg

EXAMPLE E

Coated tablets containing 50 mg of active ingredient per coated tablet:

per coated tablet

Active ingredient

50 mg

Corn starch

100 mg

Lactose

60 mg

Sec. calcium phosphate

30 mg

Soluble starch

5 mg

Magnesium stearate

10 mg

Colloidal silica

5 mg

260 mg

EXAMPLE F

The following formulas are suitable for producing the contents of hard gelatin capsules:

a)

Active ingredient

100 mg

Corn starch

300 mg

400 mg

b)

Active ingredient

140 mg

Lactose

180 mg

Corn starch

180 mg

500 mg

EXAMPLE G

Drops can be produced in accordance with the following formula (100 mg of active ingredient in 1 ml=20 drops):

Active ingredient

10

g

Methyl benzoate

0.07

g

Ethyl benzoate

0.03

g

Ethanol 96% pure

5

ml

Demineralized water

ad 100

ml

The invention also relates to a process for preparing the compounds of the formula I, which comprises preparing compounds of the formula I as shown in the following reaction diagram:

The examples detailed below serve to illustrate the invention without restricting it, however. The stated decomposition points are not corrected and generally depend on the heating rate.

TABLE 1

Examples

Formula I

Molecular

MS

Ex.

R1

R2

R3

X

Empirical formula

mass

(M + H

+

)

1

NH-ethyl-pyrrolidinyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C32 H42 N6 O3 S

590.8

591.3

2

NH-propyl-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C35 H41 N5 O3 S

611.8

612.4

3

NH-ethyl-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C34 H39 N5 O3 S

597.8

598.4

4

NH-piperidin-4-yl-1-

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C38 H46 N6 O3 S

666.9

667.4

benzyl

5

NH—CH

2

-pyrid-2-yl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C32 H36 N6 O3 S

584.7

585.3

6

NH-ethyl-morpholin-4-yl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C32 H42 N6 O4 S

606.8

607.4

7

piperazin-1-yl-4-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C36 H42 N6 O3 S

638.8

639.3

8

NH-4-t-butyl-benzyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C37 H45 N5 O3 S

639.9

640.3

9

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C38 H45 N5 O3 S

651.9

652.3

10

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C37 H43 N5 O3 S

637.8

638.3

11

piperazin-1-yl-4-acetyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C32 H40 N6 O4 S

604.8

605.4

12

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C32 H44 N6 O3 S

592.8

593.4

13

NH-ethyl-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

CH

3

C28 H34 N4 O3 S

506.7

507.2

14

NH-piperidin-4-yl-1-

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

CH

3

C32 H41 N5 O3 S

575.8

576.3

benzyl

15

NH-ethyl-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(ethyl)

2

CH

2

-phenyl

C31 H40 N4 O3 S

548.7

549.3

16

NH-piperidin-4-yl-1-

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(ethyl)

2

CH

2

-phenyl

C35 H47 N5 O3 S

617.9

618.4

benzyl

17

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-piperidin-4-yl-

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C39 H47 N5 O3 S

665.9

666.3

1-benzyl

18

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH—CH

2

-pyrid-2-yl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C33 H38 N6 O3 S

598.8

599.3

19

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-ethyl-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C35 H41 N5 O3 S

611.8

612.3

20

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C38 H45 N5 O3 S

651.9

652.3

21

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C37 H44 N6 O3 S

652.9

653.3

22

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C39 H47 N5 O3 S

665.9

666.3

23

NH—CH

2

-pyrid-2-yl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C33 H38 N6 O3 S

598.8

599.3

24

NH-ethyl-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C35 H41 N5 O3 S

611.8

612.3

25

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C38 H45 N5 O3 S

651.9

652.3

26

piperazin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C37 H44 N6 O3 S

652.9

653.4

27

NH-piperidin-4-yl-1-

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

piperidin-1-yl

CH

3

C30 H43 N5 O3 S

553.8

554.3

benzyl

28

piperazin-1-yl-4-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

piperidin-1-yl

CH

3

C28 H39 N5 O3 S

525.7

526.3

29

NH-butyl-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

piperidin-1-yl

CH

3

C28 H40 N4 O3 S

512.7

513.3

30

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

piperidin-1-yl

CH

3

C30 H42 N4 O3 S

538.8

539.3

31

NH—CH

2

-pyrid-2-yl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(ethyl)

2

CH

2

-phenyl

C29 H37 N5 O3 S

535.7

536.3

32

piperazin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

CH

2

-phenyl

C34 H47 N5 O3 S

605.8

606.3

33

piperazin-1-yl-4-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C27 H39 N5 O4 S

529.7

530.3

34

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C28 H40 N4 O4 S

528.7

529.3

35

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C29 H42 N4 O4 S

542.7

543.3

36

NH-piperidin-4-yl

piperazin-4-yl-2-on

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C30 H36 N6 O4 S

576.7

577.4

37

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

piperidin-1-yl

piperidin-1-yl

C33 H47 N5 O3 S

593.8

594.3

38

NH-ethyl-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

piperidin-1-yl

piperidin-1-yl

C30 H43 N5 O3 S

553.8

554.3

39

NH-piperidin-4-yl-1-

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

piperidin-1-yl

piperidin-1-yl

C34 H49 N5 O3 S

607.9

608.4

benzyl

40

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

NH—CH

2

-thien-2-yl

NH—CH

2

-thien-

C33 H39 N5 O3 S3

649.9

650.2

2-yl

41

NH-butyl-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

NH—CH

2

-thien-2-yl

NH—CH

2

-thien-

C32 H39 N5 O3 S3

637.9

638.2

2-yl

42

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl

C35 H48 N4 O3 S

604.9

605.3

43

NH-propyl-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C35 H41 N5 O3 S

611.8

612.3

44

NH-benzyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C33 H37 N5 O3 S

583.8

584.2

45

NH-(p-CF

3

O-benzyl)

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-phenyl

C34 H36 F3 N5

667.7

668.2

O4 S

46

1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrid-

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C28 H38 N4 O4 S

526.7

527.3

1-yl-4-phenyl

47

1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrid-

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

piperidin-1-yl

CH

3

C29 H38 N4 O3 S

522.7

523.3

1-yl-4-phenyl

48

1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrid-

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

NH—CH

2

-thien-2-yl

NH—CH

2

-thien-

C33 H37 N5 O3 S3

647.9

648.1

1-yl-4-phenyl

2-yl

49

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

NH—C

2

H

4

-thien-2-yl

NH—C

2

H

4

-thien-

C35 H43 N5 O3 S3

678.0

678.3

2-yl

50

NH-phenethyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

NH—C

2

H

4

-thien-2-yl

NH—C

2

H

4

-thien-

C32 H39 N5 O3 S3

637.9

638.2

2-yl

51

NH-piperidin-4-yl-1-

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

NH—C

2

H

4

-thien-2-yl

NH—C

2

H

4

-thien-

C36 H46 N6 O3 S3

707.0

707.2

benzyl

2-yl

52

piperazin-1-yl-4-phenyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

NH—C

2

H

4

-thien-2-yl

NH—C

2

H

4

-thien-

C34 H42 N6 O3 S3

678.9

679.2

2-yl

53

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

CH

3

C31 H46 N4 O3 S

554.8

555.4

54

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

CH

3

C30 H44 N4 O3 S

540.8

541.4

55

1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrid-

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

CH

3

C30 H42 N4 O3 S

538.8

539.3

1-yl-4-phenyl

56

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

piperazin-1-yl-4-CH

3

Piperidin-1-yl

CH

3

C30 H42 N4 O3 S

538.8

539.3

57

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C30 H44 N4 O4 S

556.8

557.4

58

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C29 H42 N4 O4 S

542.7

543.4

59

1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrid-

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C29 H40 N4 O4 S

540.7

541.4

1-yl-4-phenyl

60

NH-piperidin-4-yl-1-

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C30 H45 N5 O4 S

571.8

572.4

benzyl

61

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

—N(acetyl)-ethyl-N-

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C31 H44 N4 O5 S

584.8

585.3

pyrrolidinyl

62

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

N(methyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C29 H44 N4 O4 S

544.8

545.3

63

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(methyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C28 H42 N4 O4 S

530.7

531.4

64

1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrid-

N(methyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C28 H40 N4 O4 S

528.7

529.3

1-yl-4-phenyl

65

NH-piperidin-4-yl-1-

N(methyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

NH-propyl-OCH

3

CH

3

C29 H45 N5 O4 S

559.8

560.4

benzyl

66

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(methyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

piperidin-1-yl

CH

3

C29 H42 N4 O3 S

526.7

527.4

67

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

N(methyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

piperidin-1-yl

CH

3

C30 H44 N4 O3 S

540.8

541.4

68

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

piperidin-1-yl

CH

3

C31 H44 N4 O3 S

552.8

553.4

69

NH-piperidin-4-yl-1-

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

piperidin-1-yl

CH

3

C31 H45 N5 O3 S

567.8

568.4

benzyl

70

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl

C35 H46 N4 O3 S

602.8

603.4

71

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl-3-OCH

3

C36 H50 N4 O4 S

634.9

635.4

72

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl

C36 H50 N4 O3 S

618.9

619.4

73

piperidin-1-yl-4-

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

benzyl

C36 H47 F N4 O3 S

634.9

635.2

(p-F-phenyl)

74

piperidin-1-yl-4-(p-

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

benzyl

C37 H50 N4 O4 S

646.9

647.2

OCH

3

-phenyl)

75

piperidin-1-yl-4-(p-

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

benzyl

C37 H50 N4 O3 S

630.9

631.2

CH

3

-phenyl)

76

piperidin-1-yl-4-(p-

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

NH-pentyl

benzyl

C36 H49 F N4 O3 S

636.9

637.2

F-phenyl)

77

piperidin-1-yl-4-(p-

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

NH-pentyl

benzyl

C37 H52 N4 O4 S

648.9

649.3

OCH

3

-phenyl

78

piperidin-1-yl-4-(p-

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

NH-pentyl

benzyl

C37 H52 N4 O3 S

632.9

633.3

CH

3

-phenyl)

79

piperidin-1-yl-4-hydroxy

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

benzyl

C30 H44 N4 O4 S

556.8

557.4

80

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenoxy

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

NH-pentyl

benzyl

C35 H48 N4 O4 S

620.8

621.4

81

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenoxy

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

benzyl

C36 H48 N4 O4 S

632.9

633.4

82

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

2,4-F

2

-benzyl

C35 H46 F2 N4

640.8

641.4

O3 S

83

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

N(ethyl)

2

4-CH

3

-benzyl

C36 H48 N4 O3 S

616.9

617.4

84

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

N(ethyl)

2

3-OCH

3

-benzyl

C36 H48 N4 O4 S

632.9

633.4

85

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N-

N(ethyl)

2

3-OCH

3

-benzyl

C38 H52 N4 O4 S

660.9

661.5

pyrrolidinyl

86

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N-

N(ethyl)

2

3-OCH

3

-benzyl

C39 H54 N4 O4 S

675.0

675.5

pyrrolidinyl

87

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-propyl-N-(2-oxo-

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl

C36 H46 N4 O4 S

630.9

631.4

pyrrolidinyl

88

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-(1-methyl-butyl)-

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl

C38 H54 N4 O3 S

646.9

647.5

N(ethyl)

2

89

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-propyl-pyrrolidinyl

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl

C36 H48 N4 O3 S

616.8

617.4

90

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH(ethyl)

benzyl

C33 H42 N4 O3 S

574.8

575.3

91

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

N(ethyl)

2

3-(OCF

3

)-benzyl

C36 H45 F3 N4

686.8

687.2

O4 S

92

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

N(ethyl)

2

2,4-di-F-benzyl

C35 H44 F2 N4

638.8

639.4

O3 S

93

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH

2

benzyl

C31 H38 N4 O3 S

546.7

547.3

94

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-butyl

benzyl

C35 H46 N4 O3 S

602.8

603.3

95

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-hexyl

benzyl

C37 H50 N4 O3 S

630.9

631.3

96

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

3,5-(OMe

2

)-

C37 H54 N4 O5 S

666.2

667.

benzyl

[lacuna]

97

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

butyl

C32 H50 N4 O3 S

570.8

571.3

98

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N-

NH-butyl

benzyl

C37 H50 N4 O3 S

630.9

631.3

pyrrolidinyl

99

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N-

NH-hexyl

benzyl

C39 H54 N4 O3 S

658.9

659.4

pyrrolidinyl

100

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N-

NH-ethyl

benzyl

C35 H46 N4 O3 S

602.8

603.2

pyrrolidinyl

101

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N-

piperidin-1-yl-4-

benzyl

C44 H56 N4 O3 S

718

719.3

pyrrolidinyl

phenyl

102

NH-propyl-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

methyl

C28 H42 N4 O3 S

514.7

515.3

103

NH-butyl-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

methyl

C29 H44 N4 O3 S

528.8

529.3

104

NH-1-ethyl-2,2(phenyl)

2

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

methyl

C33 H44 N4 O3 S

576.8

577.3

105

NH-(p-t-butyl-benzyl)

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

methyl

C30 H46 N4 O3 S

542.8

543.4

106

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-ethyl

methyl

C27 H38 N4 O3 S

498.7

499.3

107

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

NH-pentyl-5-hydroxy

benzyl

C36 H50 N4 O4 S

634.9

635.3

108

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-ethyl-NHCH

3

NH-pentyl

benzyl

C34 H46 N4 O3 S

590.8

591.3

109

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

NH-pentyl

benzyl

C35 H48 N4 O3 S

604.9

605.3

110

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(CH

3

)-ethyl-NHCH

3

NH-pentyl-5-OH

benzyl

C34 H46 N4 O4 S

606.8

607.3

111

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl-3-OCF

3

C36 H47 F3 N4

688.9

689.2

O4 S

112

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

—CH

2

-pyrid-3-yl

C34 H47 N5 O3 S

605.8

606.3

113

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl-4-CF

3

C36 H47 F3 N4

672.9

673.3

O3 S

114

NH-butyl-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-ethyl

methyl

C26 H38 N4 O3 S

486.7

487.3

115

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-ethyl

methyl

C28 H40 N4 O3 S

512.7

513.3

116

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl-4-cyano

C36 H47 N5 O3 S

629.9

630.3

117

NH-1-ethyl-2,2(phenyl)

2

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl-4-CF

3

C39 H47 F3 N4

708.9

709.0

O3 S

118

NH-butyl-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl-4-cyano

C35 H47 N5 O3 S

617.9

618.3

119

NH-butyl-phenyl

N(methyl)-ethyl-N-

NH-pentyl

methyl

C30 H46 N4 O3 S

542.8

543.3

pyrrolidinyl

120

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(methyl)-ethyl-NH-

NH-pentyl

benzyl

C35 H48 N4 O3 S

604.9

605.3

ethyl

121

1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-

N(methyl)-ethyl-N-

NH-pentyl

methyl

C29 H42 N4 O3 S

526.7

527.3

isoquinolin-2-yl

pyrrolidinyl

122

1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl-3-OCH

3

C34 H44 N4 O4 S

604.8

605.3

isoquinolin-2-yl

123

piperidin-1-yl-4-benzyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl-4-CH

3

C37 H52 N4 O3 S

632.9

633.4

124

1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl-4-CH

3

C34 H46 N4 O3 S

590.8

591.5

isoquinolin-2-yl

125

1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-propyl-OCH

3

methyl

C27 H38 N4 O4 S

514.7

515.3

isoquinolin-2-yl

126

1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N-

N(ethyl)

2

benzyl-3-OCH

3

C36 H48 N4 O4 S

632.9

633.6

isoquinolin-2-yl

pyrrolidinyl

127

NH-1-ethyl-2,2(phenyl)

2

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-propyl-OCH

3

methyl

C32 H42 N4 O4 S

578.8

579.3

128

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-butyl

benzyl-4-CH

3

C36 H48 N4 O3 S

616.9

617.6

129

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(butyl)-ethyl-N-

NH-pentyl

methyl

C34 H52 N4 O3 S

596.9

597.3

pyrrolidinyl

130

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(butyl)-ethyl-N-

N(ethyl)

2

methyl

C33 H50 N4 O3 S

582.9

583.2

pyrrolidinyl

131

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-propyl-

N(butyl)

2

methyl

C34 H52 N4 O3 S

596.9

597.2

N-pyrrolidinyl

132

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N-

N(butyl)

2

methyl

C35 H54 N4 O3 S

610.9

611.2

pyrrolidinyl

133

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-piperidinyl

NH(pentyl)

methyl

C31 H46 N4 O3 S

554.8

555.3

134

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl-

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

methyl

C30 H45 N5 O3 S

555.8

556.3

4-NH

2

135

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-butyl

benzyl-

C37 H50 N4 O5 S

662.9

663.6

3,5(OCH

3

)

2

136

piperidin-1-yl-4-(4-NH

2

-

N(butyl)-ethyl-N-

N(ethyl)

2

methyl

C33 H51 N5 O3 S

597.9

598.5

phenyl)

pyrrolidinyl

137

piperidin-1-yl-4-(4-NH

2

-

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N-

NH-butyl

methyl

C31 H47 N5 O3 S

569.8

570.4

phenyl)

pyrrolidinyl

138

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-hexyl

methyl

C31 H46 N4 O3 S

554.8

555.4

139

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

NH-ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl

NH-pentyl

benzyl-3-NH

2

C36 H49 N5 O3 S

631.9

632.4

140

piperidin-1-yl-4-phenyl

N(ethyl)-ethyl-N(CH

3

)

2

NH-pentyl-NH

2

benzyl

C36 H51 N5 O3 S

633.9

634.4

EXAMPLE 141

Methanesulfonate of Example 54

2-[NH-Ethyl-N-pyyrolidinyl]-NH-pentyl-5-methylsulfonyl-4-(4-phenylpiperidin-1-yl)benzamide

20.0 g of the free base from Example 54 are dissolved in hot isopropanol and admixed with 5.1 ml of methanesulfonic acid. After cooling of the solution to room temperature, the resulting suspension is stirred at a temperature between 0° C. and 5° C. for a further hour, and the product is then obtained by filtration. The crude product is recrystallized from 200 ml of isopropanol and dried at 50° C. under reduced pressure. This gives 21.0 g of the salt of melting point 205° C.-208° C.

EXAMPLE 142

Toluenesulfonate of Example 54

2-[NH-Ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl]-NH-pentyl-5-methylsulfonyl-4-(4-phenylpiperidin-1-yl)benzamide

EXAMPLE 143

Maleate of Example 54

2-[NH-Ethyl-N-pyrrolidinyl]-NH-pentyl-5-methylsulfonyl-4-(4-phenylpiperidin-1-yl)benzamide

The compounds of the formula I are distinguished by beneficial effects on lipid metabolism, and they are suitable in particular as hypolipidemics. The compounds can be employed alone or in combination with other lipid-lowering agents. Such other lipid-lowering agents are mentioned, for example, in the Rote Liste, Chapter 58. Those mentioned lipid-lowering agents are Bezafibrate, Clofibrate, Etofylline clofibrate, Fenofibrate, Gemfibrozil, Etofibrate, Fluvastatin, Simvastatin, Cerivastatin, Pravastatin, Lovastatin, Atorvastatin, Colestyramin, Colestipol, Xantinolnicotinate, Dextrothyroxin, Inositolnicotinate, β-Sitosterin, Acipimox, and Magnesium-pyridoxal-5′-phosphate-glutamate. The compounds are suitable for the prophylaxis and, in particular, for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.

Arteriosclerosis is a complex disorder of the metabolic and circulatory systems. Elevated plasma LDL cholesterol is one of the main risk parameters for this disorder. In humans, LDL cholesterol is mostly removed from the blood circulation via the LDL receptor in the liver. A reduction in the plasma LDL cholesterol reduces the risk of arteriosclerosis and thus also the overall mortality. The compounds according to the invention are thus also suitable for the prophylaxis and for the treatment of arteriosclerotic disorders.

The activity of the compounds was tested as follows:

1) In vitro Determination of LDL Receptor Induction Using the Luciferase Assay

LDL-receptor induction is determined using the Luciferase assay as follows: for this purpose, a regulatory DNA fragment (4 kb) of the human LDL receptor gene which contains the complete promoter region is coupled to the firefly Luciferase reporter gene and stably transfixed into a Hep-G2 cell line. Cells from this line were seeded out on collagen-coated 96-well plates in MEM (minimum essential medium). After 24 hours in culture, the test substances, dissolved in DMSO, were added in final concentrations of 10 nM to 10 μM (final DMSO concentration=2%). The substances were incubated for 12-18 hours overnight (4 wells/conc. in each case), then D-luciferin was added as substrate for the Luciferase, and the luminescence was measured. The measured luminescence as a percentage of the control (control=100%) incubated only with DMSO indicates the extent of the relative LDL-receptor induction (Table 2).

Further details of the method are described in: Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, F. M. Ausubel, R. Brent, R. E. Kingston, D. D. Moore, J. G. Seidman, J. A. Smith and Kevin Struhl editors, J. Wiley and Sons Inc., U.S.A.

TABLE 2

LDL-receptor induction by selected examples in % of the

control

LDL-receptor induction (% of control); concentration of

Example

the test compound in μM in ()

2

225% (1.5 μM)

3

276% (1.5 μM)

4

190% (0.15 μM)

9

170% (0.15 μM)

14

176% (1.5 μM)

22

224% (0.15 μM)

25

346% (1.5 μM); 152% (0.05 μM)

30

255% (1.5 μM); 199% (0.15 μM)

34

291% (4 μM); 210% (0.15 μM)

37

227% (1.5 μM); 204% (0.15 μM)

39

185% (0.15 μM)

42

149% (0.05 μM)

53

221% (0.15 μM); 197% (0.05 μM)

54

223% (0.15 μM)

57

222% (0.15 μM)

62

205% (0.05 μM)

67

203% (0.15 μM)

76

244% (0.15 μM)

78

200% (0.15 μM)

80

239% (0.15 μM)

82

227% (0.15 μM)

83

212% (0.15 μM)

84

240% (0.05 μM)

91

231% (0.05 μM)

96

196% (0.05 μM)

105

236% (0.05 μM)

107

288% (0.05 μM)

113

217% (0.05 μM)

116

235% (0.05 μM)

141

280% (0.15 μM)

142

281% (0.15 μM)

143

308% (0.15 μM)

2) In vivo Determination of Reduction in LDL Cholesterol in Hamsters.

Cholesterol-lowering effect of LDL-receptor inducers in hyperlipemic hamsters

In this animal experiment, the effect of LDL-receptor inducers after bolus administration to hamsters on a lipid-rich diet was investigated.

The test animals used were male Syrian hamsters (Charles River) with an average body weight of 100-120 g at the start of adaptation. The animals were divided into groups (n=6) on the basis of body weight. Severe hyperlipidemia was induced by feeding with a diet supplemented with 15% butter and 3% cholesterol. The treatment started after preliminary feeding for 2 weeks. The test substances were administered orally by gavage once a day over a period of 10 days. The plasma lipid level was analyzed after 10 days.

Table 3 shows the relative changes in the lipid level in % compared with placebo-treated control animals.

TABLE 3

Relative change in the plasma lipid level in

hyperlipidemic hamsters after oral treatment for 10 days [%].

Treatment

Total

LDL

Group

(Ex. No./Dose)

cholesterol

cholesterol

Triglycerides

1

Control I

—

—

—

2

37

−21

−31

−46

20 mg/kg p.o.

3

53

−7

−52

+21

10 mg/kg p.o.

4

53

−16

−57

−11

20 mg/kg p.o.

5

53

−17

−58

−23

40 mg/kg p.o.

The good lipid-lowering effect of the compounds according to the invention is evident from the marked reduction in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides.

A comparative test was carried out by the Luciferase assay described above using 2,4-dichloro-5-(3,5-dimethylpiperidinosulfamoyl)benzoic acid and the compound from Example 42.

2,4-Dichloro-5-(3,5-dimethylpiperidinosulfamoyl)benzoic acid

Luciferase Assay:

LDL-receptor induction in %, compared with control

Substance

4 μM

1.5 μM

0.15 μM

0.05 μM

Example 42

278

250

219

204

2,4-Dichloro-5-(3,5-dimethyl-

100

90

90

94

piperidinosulfamoyl)benzoic

acid

Thus, the compounds of the formula I according to the invention exhibit considerably improved activity compared with 2,4-dichloro-5-(3,5-dimethylpiperidinosulfamoyl)benzoic acid.

For detailed illustration of the preparation, one example (No. 42) is described precisely below.

EXAMPLE

2-[(2-Dimethylaminoethyl)ethylamino]-N,N-diethyl-5-phenylmethane-sulfonyl-4-(4-phenylpiperidin-1-yl)benzamide (Table 1, Example 42)

1. Preparation of 3-chlorosulfonyl-4-chloro-6-fluorobenzoic Acid

At 20° C., 20 g (0.115 mol) of 4-chloro-2-fluorobenzoic acid are added a little at a time with stirring to 100 ml of chlorosulfonic acid. The reaction mixture is heated with stirring at 120° C. for 5 hours. For work-up, the cold reaction mixture is introduced dropwise with vigorous stirring into 5 l of an ice/water mixture. The resulting precipitate is filtered off with suction, washed with water and then dried in a vacuum drying cabinet at 50° C. for 1 hour.

This gives 61.5 g of 3-chlorosulfonyl-4-chloro-6-fluorobenzoic acid, colorless crystals of melting point 135° C.

2. Preparation of 5-carboxy-2-chloro-4-fluorobenzosulfinic Acid Disodium Salt

71 g (0.563 mol; 2.5 equivalents) of sodium sulfite are dissolved in 200 ml of water and, with ice-cooling, admixed with 61.5 g of the compound from procedure 1. (3-chlorosulfonyl-4-chloro-6-fluorobenzoic acid). By adding conc. aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the pH of the solution is adjusted to pH 9, and the solution is stirred at 20° C. for 6 hours. Using conc. aqueous hydrochloric acid, the solution is then acidified to pH 1, resulting in the precipitation of the sulfinic acid formed. The sulfinic acid is filtered off, the reaction product is dissolved in 600 ml of water and the pH of the solution is adjusted to pH 10 by addition of conc. aqueous NaOH. The mixture is filtered through activated carbon, the solvent is removed under reduced pressure and the oily residue is then crystallized by addition of 100 ml of acetone.

This gives 59.2 g of colorless crystals (93% of theory) which are directly reacted further.

3. Preparation of Benzyl 4-chloro-2-fluoro-5-phenylmethanesulfonylbenzoate

28.3 g (0.1 mol) of the compound prepared under 2. are suspended in 250 ml of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and admixed successively with 41 g (0.24 mol) of benzyl bromide and 4.6 g (0.3 mol) of potassium carbonate. The reaction mixture is stirred at 60° C. for 8 hours. For work-up, the reaction mixture is, after cooling to room temperature, added to 1.5 liter of ice water, resulting, after 20 minutes, in the precipitation of the reaction product in the form of a colorless solid which is filtered off.

This gives 38.9 g (93% of theory) of benzyl 4-chloro-2-fluoro-5-phenylmethanesulfonylbenzoate; the compound is directly reacted according to 4., without further purification steps.

4. Preparation of 4-chloro-2-fluoro-5-phenylmethanesulfonylbenzoic Acid

1.26 g (1.2 equivalents) of NaOH pellets are dissolved in 40 ml of water and admixed with 11 g (26.3 mmol) of benzyl 4-chloro-2-fluoro-5-phenylmethanesulfonylbenzoate, dissolved in 40 ml of tetrahydrofuran. The reaction solution is stirred at 20° C. for 3 hours.

For work-up the solution is then poured into 1 l of an ice/water mixture and the pH is adjusted to 1.2 by adding conc. aqueous hydrochloric acid. After some time, the reaction product precipitates in the form of colorless crystals. 8.4 g (97.7% of theory) of melting point 180-184° C. are obtained.

5. Preparation of 4-chloro-N,N-diethyl-2-fluoro-5-phenylmethanesulfonylbenzamide

6.6 g (20 mmol) of the carboxylic acid from Example 4. are suspended in 50 ml of thionyl chloride and the mixture is, with stirring, heated at reflux for 1 hour. The mixture is then concentrated under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator, and the oily residue is dissolved in 100 ml of absolute dichloromethane and, at −10° C., admixed dropwise with 3.1 g (2.1 equivalents) of diethylamine. After the addition has ended, stirring at 20° C. is continued for 1 hour. The reaction mixture is then repeatedly washed successively with saturated aqueous bicarbonate solution and water and dried using sodium sulfate, and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator. The resulting crude product is purified by silica gel chromatography (particle size 40-63μ, from Merck Darmstadt) using n-heptane/ethyl acetate 1:1 as mobile phase (R

F

=0.52).

Removal of the mobile phase under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator gives 7.7 g of 4-chloro-N,N-diethyl-2-fluoro-5-phenylmethanesulfonylbenzamide (yield quantitative).

6. Preparation of 4-chloro-2-[(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ethylamino]-N,N-diethyl-5-phenylmethanesulfonylbenzamide

5.7 g (15 mmol) of 4-chloro-N,N-diethyl-2-fluoro-5-phenylmethanesulfonylbenzamide are dissolved in 50 ml of ethanol and, after addition of 2.6 g (22.5 mmol; 1.5 equivalents) of N,N-dimethylethylenediamine, heated at reflux for 18 hours. The solvent is then removed under reduced pressure and the residue is taken up in 100 ml of dichloromethane and washed with saturated aqueous bicarbonate solution, followed by repeated extraction with in each case 30 ml of water. The organic phase is then dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator.

This gives 7.3 g of a pale yellow oil which is directly converted into the final product of the reaction sequence (see procedure 7.).

7. Preparaiton of 2-[(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ethylamino]-N,N-diethyl-5-phenylmethanesulfonyl-4-(4-phenylpiperidin-1-yl)benzamide (Ex. 42)

3.5 g (7.3 mmol) of 4-chloro-2-[(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ethylamino]-N,N-diethyl-5-phenylmethanesulfonylbenzamide from procedure 6. are mixed with 5.9 g of 4-phenylpiperidine (5 equivalents), prepared by hydrogenation of commercial 4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, and the mixture is stirred at 150° C. for 5 hours. The mixture is then dissolved in 150 ml of dichloromethane and extracted with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and water. The organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent is then removed under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator. The crude product is purified by chromatography on silica gel (particle size 40-63μ from Merck Darmstadt) as stationary phase, using ethyl acetate/methanol, mixing ratio 2:1.

This gives 4.5 g of 2-[(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ethylamino]-N,N-diethyl-5-phenylmethanesulfonyl-4-(4-phenylpiperidin-1-yl)benzamide, pale yellow oil.

MS: C35 H 48 N4 O3 S (604.9); mass spectrum 605.3 (M+H

+

)

Number	Date	Country	Kind
199 41 540	Sep 1999	DE
100 27 611	Jun 2000	DE

Sulfonylcarboxamide derivatives, process for their preparation and their use as pharmaceuticals

Information

Patent Number

Date Filed

Date Issued

Inventors

Original Assignees

Examiners

Agents

CPC

US Classifications

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Abstract

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Priority Claims (2)

Parent Case Info

US Referenced Citations (1)

Non-Patent Literature Citations (2)

Entry
Derwent Abstract of DE 25 17 183, Oct. 28, 1976, Germany.
Derwent Abstract of DE 21 45 686, Apr. 20, 1972, Germany.